Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11435
F. Ramzan, Ramsha Zahra, Muhammad Haris Ramzan
Objective: To investigate the potential of variable doses of Neurokinin B on histomorphology of epididymis in adult rabbits. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to Jun 2020. Methodology: Adult male New Zealand White rabbits with an average weight of 1.5–2 Kg were randomly assigned to three groups. Study animals were administered subcutaneously with Neurokinin B in two variable doses: 1 µg and one ηg. Control rabbits were injected with distilled water in parallel. After 12 days of continuous peptide treatment, animals (n=06) in each group were sacrificed. Epididymis were dissected and processed for light microscopy and sperm count. Results: Mean epididymis weight (mg) increased significantly (p<0.001) with the treatment of Neurokinin B 1 ηg and Neurokinin B 1 µg as compared to control. With the increase in doses of Neurokinin B (1 ηg, 1 μg), the lumen of caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis got significantly (p<0.001) dilated dose-dependently in Neurokinin B treated animals. Sperm count increased significantly (p<0.001) in the Neurokinin B-treated rabbits compared to the control. Light microscopy revealed increased luminal diameter compared to control in all Neurokinin B treated groups as compared to control. Conclusion: Continuous administration of Neurokinin B could benefit the epididymis, as shown by increased luminal diameter and sperm count.
研究目的调查不同剂量的神经激肽 B 对成年兔子附睾组织形态学的影响：实验室实验研究：2019年6月至2020年6月，巴基斯坦德拉伊斯梅尔汗，戈马尔大学，戈马尔生物化学和生物技术中心：将平均体重为 1.5-2 千克的成年雄性新西兰白兔随机分为三组。研究动物皮下注射两种不同剂量的神经激肽 B：1 µg 和 1 ηg。对照组兔子同时注射蒸馏水。连续多肽治疗 12 天后，每组动物（n=06）被处死。解剖附睾并进行光学显微镜检查和精子计数：结果：与对照组相比，神经激肽 B 1 ηg 和神经激肽 B 1 µg 治疗组的平均附睾重量（毫克）明显增加（p<0.001）。随着神经激肽 B 剂量（1 ηg、1 μg）的增加，神经激肽 B 治疗动物的附睾头、冠状沟和尾部的管腔明显扩张（p<0.001），且与剂量有关。与对照组相比，神经激肽 B 治疗兔的精子数量明显增加（p<0.001）。光镜检查显示，与对照组相比，所有神经激肽 B 治疗组的管腔直径都有所增加：结论：持续服用神经激肽 B 对附睾有益，这体现在管腔直径和精子数量的增加上。
{"title":"Differential Impact of Subcutaneous Neurokinin B Administration on Epididymal Proliferation in Adult New Zealand White Rabbits: A Dose-Dependent Study","authors":"F. Ramzan, Ramsha Zahra, Muhammad Haris Ramzan","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11435","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the potential of variable doses of Neurokinin B on histomorphology of epididymis in adult rabbits.\u0000Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to Jun 2020.\u0000Methodology: Adult male New Zealand White rabbits with an average weight of 1.5–2 Kg were randomly assigned to three groups. Study animals were administered subcutaneously with Neurokinin B in two variable doses: 1 µg and one ηg. Control rabbits were injected with distilled water in parallel. After 12 days of continuous peptide treatment, animals (n=06) in each group were sacrificed. Epididymis were dissected and processed for light microscopy and sperm count.\u0000Results: Mean epididymis weight (mg) increased significantly (p<0.001) with the treatment of Neurokinin B 1 ηg and Neurokinin B 1 µg as compared to control. With the increase in doses of Neurokinin B (1 ηg, 1 μg), the lumen of caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis got significantly (p<0.001) dilated dose-dependently in Neurokinin B treated animals. Sperm count increased significantly (p<0.001) in the Neurokinin B-treated rabbits compared to the control. Light microscopy revealed increased luminal diameter compared to control in all Neurokinin B treated groups as compared to control.\u0000Conclusion: Continuous administration of Neurokinin B could benefit the epididymis, as shown by increased luminal diameter and sperm count.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10325
Faisal Nawaz Khan, Zainab Akbar, Sanya Javaid, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Ramzan Adeel, Sabeen Saeed
Objectives: To determine the various patterns of maxillofacial fractures in patients presenting at CMH, Peshawar Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: 30-Military Dental Center, CMH, Peshawar Pakistan, from Sep 2021 to Mar 2022. Methodology: A total of 207 patients from all age groups, both genders, presenting with any features of maxillofacial fracture due to accidental injuries were included. A thorough history and clinical and radiographic examination were carried out, along with a diagnosis of suspected facial fractures per clinical presentation and radiographic assessment. Results: The different accidental injuries found in this study were as follows; 127(61.35%) road traffic accidents, 45(21.74%) falls, 13(6.28%) assaults, 16(7.73%) sports injuries and 6(2.90%) gunshot wounds. The different bones involved were 38(18.36%) injuries of the frontal bone, 48(23.19%) in the maxilla, 42(20.29%) in nasal, (14.01%) in NOE, 110(53.14%) in zygoma and 122(58.94%) injuries included mandible bone. Conclusion: Roadside accidents are the most common aetiology of maxillofacial fracture, and the mandible is the most commonly involved bone in such fracture.
{"title":"Pattern Of Maxillofacial Fractures In Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar","authors":"Faisal Nawaz Khan, Zainab Akbar, Sanya Javaid, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Ramzan Adeel, Sabeen Saeed","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10325","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the various patterns of maxillofacial fractures in patients presenting at CMH, Peshawar\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study\u0000Place and Duration of Study: 30-Military Dental Center, CMH, Peshawar Pakistan, from Sep 2021 to Mar 2022.\u0000Methodology: A total of 207 patients from all age groups, both genders, presenting with any features of maxillofacial fracture due to accidental injuries were included. A thorough history and clinical and radiographic examination were carried out, along with a diagnosis of suspected facial fractures per clinical presentation and radiographic assessment.\u0000Results: The different accidental injuries found in this study were as follows; 127(61.35%) road traffic accidents, 45(21.74%) falls, 13(6.28%) assaults, 16(7.73%) sports injuries and 6(2.90%) gunshot wounds. The different bones involved were 38(18.36%) injuries of the frontal bone, 48(23.19%) in the maxilla, 42(20.29%) in nasal, (14.01%) in NOE, 110(53.14%) in zygoma and 122(58.94%) injuries included mandible bone.\u0000Conclusion: Roadside accidents are the most common aetiology of maxillofacial fracture, and the mandible is the most commonly involved bone in such fracture.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.5981
Rimsha Shakeel, Nazia Mumtaz, G. Saqulain, Maryam Shakeel, Nadeem Ahmad
Objective: To find the adherence of primary caregivers to post-stroke dysphagia recommendations in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: We recruited 92 primary caregivers of either gender aged ≥ 18 years, assisting stroke patients with dysphagia in feeding and activities of daily living. Caregivers of cases with multiple disabilities, those not aware of dysphagia recommendations and those not involved in the implementation of dysphagia recommendations were excluded. Caregiver Mealtime and Dysphagia Questionnaire (CMDQ) were used for data collection. Results: Out of 92 Caregivers 17(18.48%) were non-compliant while 75(82%) reported significant compliance to dysphagia recommendations with mean scores of 3.11±0.48 and 1.98±0.51, respectively. In addition, the significant difference between scores of compliant and non-compliant groups was noted for the domains of Quality, Avoidance and Disagreement (p<0.001). Conclusion: Most primary caregivers were compliant and adhered to the dysphagia recommendation of stroke in Pakistan
{"title":"Adherence of Primary Caregiver To Post Stroke Dysphagia Recommendations In Pakistan","authors":"Rimsha Shakeel, Nazia Mumtaz, G. Saqulain, Maryam Shakeel, Nadeem Ahmad","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.5981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.5981","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find the adherence of primary caregivers to post-stroke dysphagia recommendations in Pakistan.\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to April 2020.\u0000Methodology: We recruited 92 primary caregivers of either gender aged ≥ 18 years, assisting stroke patients with dysphagia in feeding and activities of daily living. Caregivers of cases with multiple disabilities, those not aware of dysphagia recommendations and those not involved in the implementation of dysphagia recommendations were excluded. Caregiver Mealtime and Dysphagia Questionnaire (CMDQ) were used for data collection. \u0000Results: Out of 92 Caregivers 17(18.48%) were non-compliant while 75(82%) reported significant compliance to dysphagia recommendations with mean scores of 3.11±0.48 and 1.98±0.51, respectively. In addition, the significant difference between scores of compliant and non-compliant groups was noted for the domains of Quality, Avoidance and Disagreement (p<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: Most primary caregivers were compliant and adhered to the dysphagia recommendation of stroke in Pakistan","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10290
Wajahat Ahmed Khan, Bushra Parveen, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Usman Rathore, Farhat Rashid, Hassan Tariq, Naveed Khan
Objective: To investigate the association between the tumour budding of colorectal carcinoma and its histological type, grade, lymph node metastasis, and pathological stage. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2021 to Mar 2023. Methodology: One hundred and twenty colorectal carcinoma patients were examined for existence and severity using Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained sections. According to the number of tumour buds, cases were categorised as low grade (<10/200X), intermediate grade (10-19/200X), and high grade (>20/200X). These categories were related to lymph node involvement, histological type and grade, and pathological staging. In challenging cases, pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemistry labelling was conducted to confirm tumour budding. Results: The mean age of presentation was 55.78±12.47 years. The most common site of involvement was the ascending colon 66(55%), followed by the recto-sigmoid colon 29(24.2%). Most cases were conventional adenocarcinoma 80(67%), followed by mucinous carcinoma 31(26%). Most cases were moderately differentiated 62(52%) and were stage III 79(66%). Forty-two (35%) had low-grade, and thirty-four (28.3%) had intermediate-grade and high-grade tumour budding. Tumour budding significantly correlates with tumour size, histological grade, invasion extent, and lympho-vascular invasion (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Tumour budding is strongly associated with nodal metastasis and a high grade of colorectal carcinoma; thus, it must be considered an important independent adverse prognostic indicator for colorectal carcinoma.
{"title":"Association of Tumour Budding With Histological Type And Grade, Pathological Stage And Lymph Node Metastasis In Colorectal Carcinoma","authors":"Wajahat Ahmed Khan, Bushra Parveen, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Usman Rathore, Farhat Rashid, Hassan Tariq, Naveed Khan","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10290","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the association between the tumour budding of colorectal carcinoma and its histological type, grade, lymph node metastasis, and pathological stage.\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2021 to Mar 2023.\u0000Methodology: One hundred and twenty colorectal carcinoma patients were examined for existence and severity using Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained sections. According to the number of tumour buds, cases were categorised as low grade (<10/200X), intermediate grade (10-19/200X), and high grade (>20/200X). These categories were related to lymph node involvement, histological type and grade, and pathological staging. In challenging cases, pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemistry labelling was conducted to confirm tumour budding.\u0000Results: The mean age of presentation was 55.78±12.47 years. The most common site of involvement was the ascending colon 66(55%), followed by the recto-sigmoid colon 29(24.2%). Most cases were conventional adenocarcinoma 80(67%), followed by mucinous carcinoma 31(26%). Most cases were moderately differentiated 62(52%) and were stage III 79(66%). Forty-two (35%) had low-grade, and thirty-four (28.3%) had intermediate-grade and high-grade tumour budding. Tumour budding significantly correlates with tumour size, histological grade, invasion extent, and lympho-vascular invasion (p-value <0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Tumour budding is strongly associated with nodal metastasis and a high grade of colorectal carcinoma; thus, it must be considered an important independent adverse prognostic indicator for colorectal carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.8681
Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Ali Abbas, Bilal Yasin, Muhammad Saeed, Mohsin Saleem, Saleha Sarfraz
Objective: To determine the percentage completion of individual GQI indicators and the overall percentage of completed predefined Pre-anaesthesia assessment forms and identify any areas for improvement in the documentation of pre-anaesthesia assessment. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anaesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot Pakistan, from Mar to Sep 2021. Methodology: Patients who reported to the operation theatre during the study period for elective surgery after having undergone formal pre-anaesthesia assessment preoperatively based on predefined Pre-anaesthesia assessment form (PAAF) were included. The quality of Pre-anaesthesia assessments from completion was assessed using a modified Global Quality Index with twenty-seven components. Results: The overall completion rate for all pre-anaesthesia assessment form components was 77.10±30.26%. The lowest completed items were local examination (0.00%), airway assessment, neck mobility, mouth opening, thyromental distance (24,10.61%), weight (25, 11.36%), GIT (86, 38.64%) and CNS/GCS (108, 48.48%) assessment, pre-operative vitals (121, 54.55%) and family history (129, 58.33%). Conclusion: We need to improve the quality of pre-anaesthesia assessment forms at our institution by ensuring that all relevant information is collected and documented.
{"title":"Clinical Audit on the Quality of Pre-Anaesthesia Assessment based on Predefined Pre-anaesthesia Assessment Form","authors":"Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Ali Abbas, Bilal Yasin, Muhammad Saeed, Mohsin Saleem, Saleha Sarfraz","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.8681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.8681","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the percentage completion of individual GQI indicators and the overall percentage of completed predefined Pre-anaesthesia assessment forms and identify any areas for improvement in the documentation of pre-anaesthesia assessment.\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anaesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot Pakistan, from Mar to Sep 2021.\u0000Methodology: Patients who reported to the operation theatre during the study period for elective surgery after having undergone formal pre-anaesthesia assessment preoperatively based on predefined Pre-anaesthesia assessment form (PAAF) were included. The quality of Pre-anaesthesia assessments from completion was assessed using a modified Global Quality Index with twenty-seven components.\u0000Results: The overall completion rate for all pre-anaesthesia assessment form components was 77.10±30.26%. The lowest completed items were local examination (0.00%), airway assessment, neck mobility, mouth opening, thyromental distance (24,10.61%), weight (25, 11.36%), GIT (86, 38.64%) and CNS/GCS (108, 48.48%) assessment, pre-operative vitals (121, 54.55%) and family history (129, 58.33%).\u0000Conclusion: We need to improve the quality of pre-anaesthesia assessment forms at our institution by ensuring that all relevant information is collected and documented.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9166
S. Abbas, Asma Hayat, Rabiya Shabir, Muhammad Mujahid Sharif, Asma Iqbal, Rehana Abbas
Objective: To determine the utility of Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) as a diagnostic marker of Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, Pakistan in collaboration with the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: The study recruited 30 cases of PCOS and 30 age-matched Controls using Rotterdam criteria. Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone were measured for both the study groups. Results: Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis confirmed the utility of anti-mullerian hormone in diagnosing patients with PCOS. The AUC was 0.754 with 95% CI (0.629-0.880). The optimal cut-off point was 3.22ng/mL (Sensitivity 80%, Specificity 66.7%). Conclusion: The AMH is appraised as an independent screening marker for PCOS patients. Using this single parameter can decrease the patient's inconvenience and financial burden on the health care system and the patient.
{"title":"Anti-Mullarian Hormone As A Diagnostic Marker of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","authors":"S. Abbas, Asma Hayat, Rabiya Shabir, Muhammad Mujahid Sharif, Asma Iqbal, Rehana Abbas","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9166","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the utility of Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) as a diagnostic marker of Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).\u0000Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study\u0000Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, Pakistan in collaboration with the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.\u0000Methodology: The study recruited 30 cases of PCOS and 30 age-matched Controls using Rotterdam criteria. Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone were measured for both the study groups. \u0000Results: Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis confirmed the utility of anti-mullerian hormone in diagnosing patients with PCOS. The AUC was 0.754 with 95% CI (0.629-0.880). The optimal cut-off point was 3.22ng/mL (Sensitivity 80%, Specificity 66.7%).\u0000Conclusion: The AMH is appraised as an independent screening marker for PCOS patients. Using this single parameter can decrease the patient's inconvenience and financial burden on the health care system and the patient.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.7465
A. Kiani, Sara Haider, Sana Sharif, K. Kubra, Khushbu Fatima, Nadia Murtaza
Objective: To compare and correlate the value of the Haller index calculated with chest x-ray with the values calculated with a Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2018. Methodology: A total of 50 male patients aged ≥16 years presenting with pectus excavatum were included. Haller index was calculated after CT scan and X-ray. Results: The mean age of the patients was 20.20±2.34 years. The mean Haller Index for CT scan was 2.35±0.39, and the mean Haller Index for X-ray was 2.01±0.45. A strong and positive correlation existed between the Haller index for CT scans and X-rays (r=0.83). Conclusion: X-rays can be used instead of CT scans to measure the Haller index and plan the surgical intervention with similar accuracy.
研究目的比较用胸部 X 光片计算出的哈勒指数值与用计算机断层扫描（CT）计算出的哈勒指数值之间的相关性：横断面研究。研究地点和时间：巴基斯坦白沙瓦联合军事医院放射科，2018年1月至6月：共纳入 50 名年龄≥16 岁的男性鸡胸患者。CT扫描和X光检查后计算哈勒指数：患者的平均年龄为（20.20±2.34）岁。CT扫描的平均霍勒指数为（2.35±0.39），X光片的平均霍勒指数为（2.01±0.45）。CT 扫描和 X 光片的霍勒指数之间存在很强的正相关性（r=0.83）。结论可以用X光代替CT扫描来测量Haller指数，并以相似的准确性制定手术干预计划。
{"title":"Comparison of Haller Index Values Calculated with Chest Radiographs versus Computed Tomography for Pectus Excavatum Evaluation","authors":"A. Kiani, Sara Haider, Sana Sharif, K. Kubra, Khushbu Fatima, Nadia Murtaza","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.7465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.7465","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare and correlate the value of the Haller index calculated with chest x-ray with the values calculated with a Computed Tomography (CT) scan.\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2018.\u0000Methodology: A total of 50 male patients aged ≥16 years presenting with pectus excavatum were included. Haller index was calculated after CT scan and X-ray.\u0000Results: The mean age of the patients was 20.20±2.34 years. The mean Haller Index for CT scan was 2.35±0.39, and the mean Haller Index for X-ray was 2.01±0.45. A strong and positive correlation existed between the Haller index for CT scans and X-rays (r=0.83). \u0000Conclusion: X-rays can be used instead of CT scans to measure the Haller index and plan the surgical intervention with similar accuracy.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140422875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11796
Nayab Khalid, Mehwish Qamar, Sadia Syed, Ibrahim Liaqat, Muhammad Irfan ul Akbar Yousufzai, Summyah Niazi
Objective: To compare interferon-inducible patient-10 and chemokine lisgand-2 expression in COVID-19 Patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Dec 2020 to Mar 2021. Methodology: We assessed the level of cytokines in forty-five COVID-19 patients and compared it with the 45 healthy individuals. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IP-10 and CCL-2 levels were evaluated in patients and healthy people via ELISA kits. Results: The study included ninety (n=90) patients. Our data suggested that the serum levels of IP-10 and CCL-2 were increased (8.5±1.5 ng/ml and 11.89±4.55 pg/ml) significantly in patients with COVID-19 as compared to healthy Controls (4±0.5ng/ml and 6.15±1.91 pg/ml). A significant increase was recorded in INR, PT (sec) and APTT (sec) levels in COVID-19 patients. Whereas the platelets count (109/ml) was decreased significantly in COVID-19 patients (220±42) as compared to healthy individuals (419±69). Significant elevation of D-Dimer (ng/ml) was recorded in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: Our data suggested a significantly increased level of IP-10 and CCL-2 in COVID-19-associated patients, which may be of essential diagnostic and prognostic significance for these biomarkers.
{"title":"Comparison of Interferon-Inducible Patient-10 and Chemokine Ligand-2 Expression in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Nayab Khalid, Mehwish Qamar, Sadia Syed, Ibrahim Liaqat, Muhammad Irfan ul Akbar Yousufzai, Summyah Niazi","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.11796","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare interferon-inducible patient-10 and chemokine lisgand-2 expression in COVID-19 Patients. \u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Dec 2020 to Mar 2021. \u0000Methodology: We assessed the level of cytokines in forty-five COVID-19 patients and compared it with the 45 healthy individuals. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IP-10 and CCL-2 levels were evaluated in patients and healthy people via ELISA kits. \u0000Results: The study included ninety (n=90) patients. Our data suggested that the serum levels of IP-10 and CCL-2 were increased (8.5±1.5 ng/ml and 11.89±4.55 pg/ml) significantly in patients with COVID-19 as compared to healthy Controls (4±0.5ng/ml and 6.15±1.91 pg/ml). A significant increase was recorded in INR, PT (sec) and APTT (sec) levels in COVID-19 patients. Whereas the platelets count (109/ml) was decreased significantly in COVID-19 patients (220±42) as compared to healthy individuals (419±69). Significant elevation of D-Dimer (ng/ml) was recorded in patients with COVID-19. \u0000Conclusion: Our data suggested a significantly increased level of IP-10 and CCL-2 in COVID-19-associated patients, which may be of essential diagnostic and prognostic significance for these biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10337
Muhammad Umair, Asad Zaman Khan, Asad Bilal Mir, Muhammad Farrukh Habib, Iqra Iqbal, Jamshaid Iqbal
Objective: To determine the frequency of dyslipidaemia in acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke patients at a tertiary care centre in Rawalpindi. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Neurology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi Pakistan, Jul 2022 to Feb 2023. Methodology: Patients with acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke were included. Data was collected from the patient files and hospital records including a thorough history, physical examination information, CT/MRI brain, fasting lipid profiles with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). Results: The study included 196 patients, of which dyslipidaemia was seen with a major share of high TG in 44(22.44%), followed by high LDL cholesterol in 38(19.38%), and high TC was found in 28(14.28%). Conclusion: More than 1/3rd of patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke have dyslipidaemia.
{"title":"Dyslipidaemia In Acute Non-Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke Patients At A Tertiary Care Center","authors":"Muhammad Umair, Asad Zaman Khan, Asad Bilal Mir, Muhammad Farrukh Habib, Iqra Iqbal, Jamshaid Iqbal","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.10337","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of dyslipidaemia in acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke patients at a tertiary care centre in Rawalpindi.\u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Neurology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi Pakistan, Jul 2022 to Feb 2023.\u0000Methodology: Patients with acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke were included. Data was collected from the patient files and hospital records including a thorough history, physical examination information, CT/MRI brain, fasting lipid profiles with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG).\u0000Results: The study included 196 patients, of which dyslipidaemia was seen with a major share of high TG in 44(22.44%), followed by high LDL cholesterol in 38(19.38%), and high TC was found in 28(14.28%).\u0000Conclusion: More than 1/3rd of patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke have dyslipidaemia.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9445
Abrar Ahmed, Syed Qasim Rizvi, Muhammad Saad Sikander, Khalid Buland, Muhammad Huzaifa Shareef, Muhammad Saad Farooq
Objective: To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided caudal versus pudendal nerve block analgesia in paediatric patients undergoing hypospadias. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Mar to Sep 2022. Methodology: Paediatric patients with ages ranging from 4-12 years with ASA Grade I/II planned for hypospadias repair were included. Sixty-eight patients were divided into Group-C (caudal block) and Group-P (pudendal nerve block), after randomization. Group-C patients received ultrasound-guided caudal block while pudendal nerve blockade was performed under ultrasound guidance in Group- P. Demographic variables, requirement of rescue analgesics, CHEOPS scoring at 0, 1, 2,6 and 12 hours, and complications in the intraoperative period were recorded. Results: Pain scores at the 6th and 12th hour were significantly reduced in Group-P compared to Group-C. Requirement of analgesia was lesser in Group P 01(2.9%) compared to 11(32.3%) in Group C with a p-value of 0.006. Out of 34 patients in Group-C 07(20.6%), patients encountered complications compared to Group-P, which had no complications. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block is superior to caudal block in providing adequate perioperative analgesia with fewer complications and decreased requirement of additional analgesic supplements.
研究目的比较在超声引导下对接受尿道下裂手术的儿科患者进行尾状神经与阴茎神经阻滞镇痛的疗效：准实验研究：研究地点和时间：巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第联合军事医院，2022年3月至9月：纳入年龄在 4-12 岁之间、ASA I/II 级、计划进行尿道下裂修补术的儿科患者。经过随机分组，68 名患者被分为 C 组（尾状神经阻滞）和 P 组（臀状神经阻滞）。C组患者在超声引导下接受尾部阻滞，P组患者在超声引导下进行阴茎神经阻滞。记录了人口统计学变量、抢救镇痛药需求、0、1、2、6和12小时的CHEOPS评分以及术中并发症：结果：与 C 组相比，P 组在第 6 小时和第 12 小时的疼痛评分明显降低。P 组需要镇痛的人数为 01 人（2.9%），C 组为 11 人（32.3%），P 值为 0.006。在 34 例患者中，C 组有 07 例（20.6%）患者出现并发症，而 P 组没有并发症：结论：超声引导下的阴部神经阻滞术在提供充分的围术期镇痛方面优于尾状神经阻滞术，且并发症较少，减少了对额外镇痛补充剂的需求。
{"title":"Analgesic efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Caudal Block versus Pudendal Nerve Block in BRAKA - I Repair for Paediatric Hypospadias","authors":"Abrar Ahmed, Syed Qasim Rizvi, Muhammad Saad Sikander, Khalid Buland, Muhammad Huzaifa Shareef, Muhammad Saad Farooq","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i1.9445","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided caudal versus pudendal nerve block analgesia in paediatric patients undergoing hypospadias.\u0000Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Mar to Sep 2022.\u0000Methodology: Paediatric patients with ages ranging from 4-12 years with ASA Grade I/II planned for hypospadias repair were included. Sixty-eight patients were divided into Group-C (caudal block) and Group-P (pudendal nerve block), after randomization. Group-C patients received ultrasound-guided caudal block while pudendal nerve blockade was performed under ultrasound guidance in Group- P. Demographic variables, requirement of rescue analgesics, CHEOPS scoring at 0, 1, 2,6 and 12 hours, and complications in the intraoperative period were recorded.\u0000Results: Pain scores at the 6th and 12th hour were significantly reduced in Group-P compared to Group-C. Requirement of analgesia was lesser in Group P 01(2.9%) compared to 11(32.3%) in Group C with a p-value of 0.006. Out of 34 patients in Group-C 07(20.6%), patients encountered complications compared to Group-P, which had no complications.\u0000Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block is superior to caudal block in providing adequate perioperative analgesia with fewer complications and decreased requirement of additional analgesic supplements.","PeriodicalId":31059,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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