Pub Date : 2006-03-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.19
Victoria Clarke
The argument that children require role models of both sexes is a central theme in opposition to lesbian parenting. Challenges to this opposition have emphasised the ways in which children in lesbian families are compensated for the alleged deficit of a father. In this paper I provide an antidote to gender normalising discussions of male role models by exploring critical accounts of ‘gays as role models’. The first half of the paper examines the deployment of traditional, liberal and critical discourse on male role models in relation to lesbian families. The second half provides a discourse analysis of excerpts from an interview with a lesbian couple raising three children, examining tensions in claiming gay men as positive role models for children in a lesbian family. I conclude by considering the costs and benefits of liberal and critical responses to claims about the necessity of male role models.
{"title":"‘Gay men, gay men and more gay men’: Traditional, liberal and critical perspectives on male role models in lesbian families","authors":"Victoria Clarke","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"The argument that children require role models of both sexes is a central theme in opposition to lesbian parenting. Challenges to this opposition have emphasised the ways in which children in lesbian families are compensated for the alleged deficit of a father. In this paper I provide an antidote to gender normalising discussions of male role models by exploring critical accounts of ‘gays as role models’. The first half of the paper examines the deployment of traditional, liberal and critical discourse on male role models in relation to lesbian families. The second half provides a discourse analysis of excerpts from an interview with a lesbian couple raising three children, examining tensions in claiming gay men as positive role models for children in a lesbian family. I conclude by considering the costs and benefits of liberal and critical responses to claims about the necessity of male role models.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114787315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.100
D. Riggs, G. Walker
True to its title, Out in the Antipodes comes from clinicians and researchers in Australian and New Zealand. As the editors note, “antipodes” refers to a country on the other side of the globe, or anything that is opposite or contrary. But on the other side of the globe from where? Opposite or contrary to what? Exactly! These words describe relationships, not absolutes. The book’s theme is that culture sponsors psychology, and language sponsors categorization. (Except for some German in Rogers and Booth’s history chapter, “language” means “English.”) Gay and lesbian psychology, then, is not about gay and lesbian people, but rather about categorizing sexuality. As Harwood and Rasmussen observe in their chapter on essentialism, even in examining “gay and lesbian issues,” one assumes that sexual orientation provides a division among “issues.” When sexuality or gender is assigned a single, unchanging nature, the intention is often better than the outcome. Cass, too, rejects essentialism in her description of gay, lesbian, and bisexual identity development. She argues that the “coming-out story” (the subject of Jansen’s chapter) is a local symbol rather than a universal archetype. Her model relies on reciprocal interaction (the relationship between individuals and their environments), although people may use the Western ideal of personal growth to characterize their own development. Boldero’s chapter on attitudes toward safe sex among gay Asian-Australian men details a cross-cultural conflict of categories. Her participants described the near impossibility of identifying both as gay and as Asian, as they felt pressured by each community to silence their membership in the other. Moreover, access to safe-sex resources came at the price of their Asian heritage. Ironically, other chapters are clouded by language and categories—their very subjects. The editors state that they are gay men, that most research on sexual orientation in Australia and New Zealand concerns gay men, and that this inclusively-titled book is, well, mostly about gay men. Of sixteen chapters, two are about women, seven are about men, and seven are about both. Hillier, de Visser, Kavanagh, and McNair propose that heterocentrism accounts both for the omission of sexual orientation in population-based substance use research, and the differences in use they found between heterosexual and nonheterosexual women. The lesbian women interviewed by MacBride-Stewart knew much more about condoms than about dental dams; and MacBride-Stewart wonders why heterosexual people seem the least informed about dental dams. After all, she notes, lesbian women do not have a monopoly on cunnilingus. To be fair, some of the men-only chapters cannot include women, such as van Reyk’s and Violi’s chapters on fathering and Power and Fallon’s chapter on gay Catholic priests. But on the other hand, Adams, Braun, and McCreanor uncover medical attitudes toward gay men in policy statements that combine gay men and lesb
{"title":"Out in the Antipodes: Australian and New Zealand Perspectives on Gay and Lesbian Issues in Psychology","authors":"D. Riggs, G. Walker","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"True to its title, Out in the Antipodes comes from clinicians and researchers in Australian and New Zealand. As the editors note, “antipodes” refers to a country on the other side of the globe, or anything that is opposite or contrary. But on the other side of the globe from where? Opposite or contrary to what? Exactly! These words describe relationships, not absolutes. The book’s theme is that culture sponsors psychology, and language sponsors categorization. (Except for some German in Rogers and Booth’s history chapter, “language” means “English.”) Gay and lesbian psychology, then, is not about gay and lesbian people, but rather about categorizing sexuality. As Harwood and Rasmussen observe in their chapter on essentialism, even in examining “gay and lesbian issues,” one assumes that sexual orientation provides a division among “issues.” When sexuality or gender is assigned a single, unchanging nature, the intention is often better than the outcome. Cass, too, rejects essentialism in her description of gay, lesbian, and bisexual identity development. She argues that the “coming-out story” (the subject of Jansen’s chapter) is a local symbol rather than a universal archetype. Her model relies on reciprocal interaction (the relationship between individuals and their environments), although people may use the Western ideal of personal growth to characterize their own development. Boldero’s chapter on attitudes toward safe sex among gay Asian-Australian men details a cross-cultural conflict of categories. Her participants described the near impossibility of identifying both as gay and as Asian, as they felt pressured by each community to silence their membership in the other. Moreover, access to safe-sex resources came at the price of their Asian heritage. Ironically, other chapters are clouded by language and categories—their very subjects. The editors state that they are gay men, that most research on sexual orientation in Australia and New Zealand concerns gay men, and that this inclusively-titled book is, well, mostly about gay men. Of sixteen chapters, two are about women, seven are about men, and seven are about both. Hillier, de Visser, Kavanagh, and McNair propose that heterocentrism accounts both for the omission of sexual orientation in population-based substance use research, and the differences in use they found between heterosexual and nonheterosexual women. The lesbian women interviewed by MacBride-Stewart knew much more about condoms than about dental dams; and MacBride-Stewart wonders why heterosexual people seem the least informed about dental dams. After all, she notes, lesbian women do not have a monopoly on cunnilingus. To be fair, some of the men-only chapters cannot include women, such as van Reyk’s and Violi’s chapters on fathering and Power and Fallon’s chapter on gay Catholic priests. But on the other hand, Adams, Braun, and McCreanor uncover medical attitudes toward gay men in policy statements that combine gay men and lesb","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122410498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.85
S. Hicks
This article responds to contributions to the special issue of Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review, volume 7(1), on lesbian, gay, polyamorous and queer parenting and families. The author draws upon Foucault’s work to suggest that new relational possibilities might be imagined via the practices of lesbian and gay parenting. After briefly reviewing his own involvement in research on gay and lesbian foster care and adoption, the author goes on to discuss questions about gender role models, methodological debates on the nature of research knowledge, and the emergence of narrative/discourse analysis within lesbian and gay parenting studies. The author discusses and responds to a number of problems raised by the contributors, and emphasises an approach to gay and lesbian parenting studies based upon a discursive concern with power/knowledge.
{"title":"Empty spaces, new possibilities","authors":"S. Hicks","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2006.7.1.85","url":null,"abstract":"This article responds to contributions to the special issue of Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review, volume 7(1), on lesbian, gay, polyamorous and queer parenting and families. The author draws upon Foucault’s work to suggest that new relational possibilities might be imagined via the practices of lesbian and gay parenting. After briefly reviewing his own involvement in research on gay and lesbian foster care and adoption, the author goes on to discuss questions about gender role models, methodological debates on the nature of research knowledge, and the emergence of narrative/discourse analysis within lesbian and gay parenting studies. The author discusses and responds to a number of problems raised by the contributors, and emphasises an approach to gay and lesbian parenting studies based upon a discursive concern with power/knowledge.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122187364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.147
Kathy Sisson
The cultural visibility of sadomasochism (S/M) has grown markedly in the last 30 years. Is this simply the most recent manifestation of an erotic style that predates terminology such as ‘sadomasochism?’ or is it a unique reflection of contemporary Western culture? This study uses a cultural theory perspective to frame the history of S/M. Synthesising previous research, it presents a new theoretical model of cultural formation and function. The model predicts that sexual cultures develop in five distinct stages, reflect historical and social conditions, and serve specific functions for their members. This study finds that the evolution of S/M conforms to this model and suggests that S/M constitutes both a new sexual culture and a new sexual identity.
{"title":"The cultural formation of S/M: History and analysis","authors":"Kathy Sisson","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.147","url":null,"abstract":"The cultural visibility of sadomasochism (S/M) has grown markedly in the last 30 years. Is this simply the most recent manifestation of an erotic style that predates terminology such as ‘sadomasochism?’ or is it a unique reflection of contemporary Western culture? This study uses a cultural theory perspective to frame the history of S/M. Synthesising previous research, it presents a new theoretical model of cultural formation and function. The model predicts that sexual cultures develop in five distinct stages, reflect historical and social conditions, and serve specific functions for their members. This study finds that the evolution of S/M conforms to this model and suggests that S/M constitutes both a new sexual culture and a new sexual identity.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116024538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.283
E. Chaline, John Pendal
{"title":"Spanner: SM, consent and the law in the UK","authors":"E. Chaline, John Pendal","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125842383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.227
Ani Ritchie, M. Barker
Much academic literature on SM (sadomasochism) still portrays it as anti-feminist with authors arguing that, for example, SM reproduces and reinforces heterosexual gendered hierarchies and power imbalances. This study explored how women who identify as SMers understand and explain their practices in relation to feminist principles and gendered dynamics. An in-depth focus group discussion was conducted with a group of women who practice SM. Participants were involved in designing and managing the discussion and in analysing the transcripts. It is clear that these women did not perceive their SM practices to be necessarily incompatible with a feminist agenda. The potential for SM scenes to subvert or reveal traditional gendered dynamics was discussed and themes of distinguishing fantasy from reality and the importance of choice emerged.
{"title":"Feminist SM: A contradiction in terms or a way of challenging traditional gendered dynamics through sexual practice?","authors":"Ani Ritchie, M. Barker","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.227","url":null,"abstract":"Much academic literature on SM (sadomasochism) still portrays it as anti-feminist with authors arguing that, for example, SM reproduces and reinforces heterosexual gendered hierarchies and power imbalances. This study explored how women who identify as SMers understand and explain their practices in relation to feminist principles and gendered dynamics. An in-depth focus group discussion was conducted with a group of women who practice SM. Participants were involved in designing and managing the discussion and in analysing the transcripts. It is clear that these women did not perceive their SM practices to be necessarily incompatible with a feminist agenda. The potential for SM scenes to subvert or reveal traditional gendered dynamics was discussed and themes of distinguishing fantasy from reality and the importance of choice emerged.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130601188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.209
Kathy Sisson, C. Moser
Previous research has not systematically studied S/M (sadomasochistic) professionals. In this questionnaire study, 31 women who engaged in S/M interactions for money on a regular basis were obtained by a variety of sampling techniques. Results show that these women were S/M practitioners and tended to be dominant in their personal lives. They maintained primary relationships, reported satisfaction with their lives, tended to be sexually adventurous, and often had experience in other areas of sex work. They saw themselves as different from traditional prostitutes. They were no more likely to report a history of sexual abuse than women in the general population. The implications of these results are discussed and possibilities for future research outlined.
{"title":"Women who engage in S/M (sadomasochistic) interactions for money: A descriptive study","authors":"Kathy Sisson, C. Moser","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.209","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has not systematically studied S/M (sadomasochistic) professionals. In this questionnaire study, 31 women who engaged in S/M interactions for money on a regular basis were obtained by a variety of sampling techniques. Results show that these women were S/M practitioners and tended to be dominant in their personal lives. They maintained primary relationships, reported satisfaction with their lives, tended to be sexually adventurous, and often had experience in other areas of sex work. They saw themselves as different from traditional prostitutes. They were no more likely to report a history of sexual abuse than women in the general population. The implications of these results are discussed and possibilities for future research outlined.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"80 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120975687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.177
S. A. Smith
Within psychoanalysis, BDSM (bondage, dominance, submission, sadism and masochism) has typically been interpreted as pathological, resulting from the (gendered) tension between assertion and recognition developed in the oedipal phases and enforced in dominant ideology. To practitioners, however, BDSM recognises the physical and psychological dependence of people on each other. The tasks inherent to successful BDSM redefine traditional masculine and feminine identity; dominants recognise their own dependence and submissives are independently powerful. Expanding on feminist psychoanalytic theory, this paper argues that BDSM relations may embody the psychologically ideal state of ‘mutual recognition.’ Practitioners take pleasure in connection without the threat of engulfment. Significantly, the skills developed in BDSM may help mediate a variety of interpersonal and institutional power relations.
{"title":"Unleashing gender: Dependency, subjectivity and recognition in dominant/submissive relationships","authors":"S. A. Smith","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.177","url":null,"abstract":"Within psychoanalysis, BDSM (bondage, dominance, submission, sadism and masochism) has typically been interpreted as pathological, resulting from the (gendered) tension between assertion and recognition developed in the oedipal phases and enforced in dominant ideology. To practitioners, however, BDSM recognises the physical and psychological dependence of people on each other. The tasks inherent to successful BDSM redefine traditional masculine and feminine identity; dominants recognise their own dependence and submissives are independently powerful. Expanding on feminist psychoanalytic theory, this paper argues that BDSM relations may embody the psychologically ideal state of ‘mutual recognition.’ Practitioners take pleasure in connection without the threat of engulfment. Significantly, the skills developed in BDSM may help mediate a variety of interpersonal and institutional power relations.","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125432897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.268
M. Barker
{"title":"Developing an SM awareness tool","authors":"M. Barker","doi":"10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53841/bpslg.2005.6.3.268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":311409,"journal":{"name":"Lesbian & Gay Psychology Review","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132249773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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