Bagasse is one of the by-products of granulated sugar industries or processed beverages that become waste in the environment. The bagasse will be overgrown by cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes. This study aims to isolate, characterize, and measure bacterial cellulase activity qualitatively and quantitatively. The research phase included isolation and characterization of bacteria, qualitative cellulase activity test, preparing standard curves and bacterial growth curves, crude extract cellulase production, constructing standard glucose curves, quantitative enzyme activity tests, and data analysis. Six isolates with macroscopic characteristics varied in color, elevation, margins, and colony shape; three bacillus isolates, one short bacillus isolate, and two cocci isolates were obtained. All isolates showed positive test results of amylum, triple sugar iron agar, and catalase; five citrate-positive isolates, and three motile-positive isolates. From the cellulase qualitative test, two bacterial isolates had the highest cellulolytic index, namely AT1 (1.79) and BAW3 (1.72) on 0.5% CMC media. The quantitative cellulase test results of the two selected isolates were 0.01176 U/mL for AT1 and 0.01170 U/mL for BAW3, both of which are still classified as low degradation capabilities. Keywords: cellulase activity, cellulolytic index, Sugarcane waste
{"title":"Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Selulolitik Bakteri Asal Limbah Bagas","authors":"Dewi Chusniasih, Erma Suryanti, Erina Safitri","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.386","url":null,"abstract":"Bagasse is one of the by-products of granulated sugar industries or processed beverages that become waste in the environment. The bagasse will be overgrown by cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes. This study aims to isolate, characterize, and measure bacterial cellulase activity qualitatively and quantitatively. The research phase included isolation and characterization of bacteria, qualitative cellulase activity test, preparing standard curves and bacterial growth curves, crude extract cellulase production, constructing standard glucose curves, quantitative enzyme activity tests, and data analysis. Six isolates with macroscopic characteristics varied in color, elevation, margins, and colony shape; three bacillus isolates, one short bacillus isolate, and two cocci isolates were obtained. All isolates showed positive test results of amylum, triple sugar iron agar, and catalase; five citrate-positive isolates, and three motile-positive isolates. From the cellulase qualitative test, two bacterial isolates had the highest cellulolytic index, namely AT1 (1.79) and BAW3 (1.72) on 0.5% CMC media. The quantitative cellulase test results of the two selected isolates were 0.01176 U/mL for AT1 and 0.01170 U/mL for BAW3, both of which are still classified as low degradation capabilities. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: cellulase activity, cellulolytic index, Sugarcane waste","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sutrisno, K. Noerwijati, Y. Baliadi, S. Wahyuningsih, A. Taufiq
Limitations of cuttings become an essential problem in the expansion of cassava plantations. One strategy that can be taken is to reduce the length of the cuttings and increase the plant population to increase the area planted and produce more stems per unit area for the next growing season. This study aimed to determine the effect of cutting length and plant population per hectare on the growth and production of cassava stems. The research was carried out at the Jambegede Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation in February–December 2020. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely three levels of cutting length (2, 4, and 10 buds/cutting) and three levels of the population (10,000, 30,000, and 40,000 plants/ha). The experiment used the Malang-4 variety and was applied to a completely randomized split-plot experimental design of three groups with the population as the main plot and the number of buds as sub-plots. The results showed that the number of buds/cutting increased the number of growing plants, one and three-month plant height, the number of viable stems, the length of unfit stems for seedlings, and decreased the percentage of dead plants. On the other hand, plant population/ha increases the percentage of dead plants, stem length unsuitable for seeds, and number of stems suitable for seeds. The interaction between the number of buds/cutting and the population was seen in the diameter of the three-month-old stems, the number of stems unsuitable for seedlings, the number of plants grown, the number of dead plants, and the number of plants harvested. Keywords: cassava, length of cuttings, number of buds, plant population, stem production
{"title":"Perbedaan Jumlah Mata Tunas per Stek dan Populasi pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bibit setelah Panen Ubi Kayu","authors":"S. Sutrisno, K. Noerwijati, Y. Baliadi, S. Wahyuningsih, A. Taufiq","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.415","url":null,"abstract":"Limitations of cuttings become an essential problem in the expansion of cassava plantations. One strategy that can be taken is to reduce the length of the cuttings and increase the plant population to increase the area planted and produce more stems per unit area for the next growing season. This study aimed to determine the effect of cutting length and plant population per hectare on the growth and production of cassava stems. The research was carried out at the Jambegede Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation in February–December 2020. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely three levels of cutting length (2, 4, and 10 buds/cutting) and three levels of the population (10,000, 30,000, and 40,000 plants/ha). The experiment used the Malang-4 variety and was applied to a completely randomized split-plot experimental design of three groups with the population as the main plot and the number of buds as sub-plots. The results showed that the number of buds/cutting increased the number of growing plants, one and three-month plant height, the number of viable stems, the length of unfit stems for seedlings, and decreased the percentage of dead plants. On the other hand, plant population/ha increases the percentage of dead plants, stem length unsuitable for seeds, and number of stems suitable for seeds. The interaction between the number of buds/cutting and the population was seen in the diameter of the three-month-old stems, the number of stems unsuitable for seedlings, the number of plants grown, the number of dead plants, and the number of plants harvested. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: cassava, length of cuttings, number of buds, plant population, stem production","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45776864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indonesia is facing the problem of low productivity of cattle. To increase the productivity of cattle producer, it can actually be done by relocating the cattle to the comfort zone by observing the physiological response. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of misting cattle’s environment by using water sprinkler on the physiological response and the microclimate of the cattle’s shed. The design used was a paired T-test for physiological and microclimate response variables with 5 replications and a completely randomized design to determine the difference between body surface temperatures. The observations were conducted before water misting and after water misting. The results showed that treatment of misting water in the afternoon significantly decreased (P<0.05) the variables of cage temperature, humidity, temperature humidity index, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Water misting in the afternoon in cattle produced a good effect on all physiological response variables. Keywords: beef cattle, pen microclimate, physiological responses, water sprinkler
{"title":"Respons Fisiologis Sapi Pedaging terhadap Pengabutan Air Menggunakan Sprinkler Water","authors":"Koekoeh Santoso, Aldo Febriano Tarigan, Komariah","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.423","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is facing the problem of low productivity of cattle. To increase the productivity of cattle producer, it can actually be done by relocating the cattle to the comfort zone by observing the physiological response. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of misting cattle’s environment by using water sprinkler on the physiological response and the microclimate of the cattle’s shed. The design used was a paired T-test for physiological and microclimate response variables with 5 replications and a completely randomized design to determine the difference between body surface temperatures. The observations were conducted before water misting and after water misting. The results showed that treatment of misting water in the afternoon significantly decreased (P<0.05) the variables of cage temperature, humidity, temperature humidity index, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Water misting in the afternoon in cattle produced a good effect on all physiological response variables. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: beef cattle, pen microclimate, physiological responses, water sprinkler","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43043102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus is a type of insect that damages wood until it is porous and destroyed. Until now, termites are chemically controlled but negatively impact the environment, so bioinsecticides such as from Usnea barbata lichen are needed. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of U extract. Barbata as a bioinsecticide for subterranean termites C. curvignathus. The experiment used Completely Randomizd Design with 7 treatments (concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and Termicon) and 3 replicates. The extract was prepared from 300 g of U barbata powder, macerated in 7 days in 96% ethanol in a ratio of 1:10 (300 g/3 L). Mortality and feed weight loss were observed for 7 days. The extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The phytochemicals were analyzed descriptively, and a lethal concentration value of 50% (LC50) was determined by probit analysis. Data on termite mortality percentage and feed loss percentage were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% confidence level. If the Fcalct > Ftable, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and saponins. The mortality of subterranean termites was indicated by an LC value of 50-72 hours of 19.32%. Statistically, U. barbata extract affected mortality but did not differ significantly in the feed weight loss of C. curvignathus subterranean termites. Keywords: bioactivity, Coptotermes curvignathus, insecticide, Usnea barbata
{"title":"Bioaktivitas Usnea barbata (L.) F.H. Wigg sebagai Insektisida Nabati Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren)","authors":"Helmiyetti Helmiyetti, Rochmah Supriati, Risky Hadi Wibowo, Dian Fita Lestari, Leni Maryana","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.407","url":null,"abstract":"The subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus is a type of insect that damages wood until it is porous and destroyed. Until now, termites are chemically controlled but negatively impact the environment, so bioinsecticides such as from Usnea barbata lichen are needed. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of U extract. Barbata as a bioinsecticide for subterranean termites C. curvignathus. The experiment used Completely Randomizd Design with 7 treatments (concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and Termicon) and 3 replicates. The extract was prepared from 300 g of U barbata powder, macerated in 7 days in 96% ethanol in a ratio of 1:10 (300 g/3 L). Mortality and feed weight loss were observed for 7 days. The extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The phytochemicals were analyzed descriptively, and a lethal concentration value of 50% (LC50) was determined by probit analysis. Data on termite mortality percentage and feed loss percentage were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% confidence level. If the Fcalct > Ftable, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and saponins. The mortality of subterranean termites was indicated by an LC value of 50-72 hours of 19.32%. Statistically, U. barbata extract affected mortality but did not differ significantly in the feed weight loss of C. curvignathus subterranean termites. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: bioactivity, Coptotermes curvignathus, insecticide, Usnea barbata","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46068067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kartika Sari, Nur Wulandari, Azis Boing Sitanggang, Nuri Andarwulan
Refined palm oil contains contaminants such as 3-monochloropropane diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) which are formed from diacylglycerol (DAG) and chloride (Cl) as precursors during processing. There is a need to control the levels of precursors especially during the bleaching stage using selected bleaching earth (BE). Reducing the number of precursors after the bleaching stage will minimize the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE in bleached palm oil (BPO) for the next refinery stage. The research consisted of three stages: (1) characterization of raw materials consisting of CPO, BE types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; (2) study on the effect of BE type; and (3) study on the concentration effect of selected BE for reducing DAG and Cl by chemical analysis of oil quality. The results showed that degummed palm oil (DPO) contained DAG of 6.70%, free fatty acid 5.66%, carotene 424.31 mg/kg, P 20.30 mg/kg, and Fe <0.021 mg/kg. The five types of BE have different physicochemical properties on which the effect will be seen on BPO. The second stage results showed that BE-4 was selected as the most potential BE. Using BE-4 of 2.5% was proven to reduce total Cl as 3-MCPDE precursors in the resulted BPO sample. The Cl level decreased to 3.05 mg/kg with the largest decrease percentage of 55.80% compared to DPO sample. BE-4 concentration of 2.5% has been able to withstand and prevent the increase of DAG as a precursor to GE contaminants during bleaching process. Keywords: 3-monokloropropanadiol ester, chloride, diacylglycerol, glycidyl ester, palm oil
{"title":"Jenis dan Konsentrasi Tanah Pengelantang untuk Menurunkan Prekursor Senyawa 3-MCPDE dan GE pada Pemucatan CPO","authors":"Kartika Sari, Nur Wulandari, Azis Boing Sitanggang, Nuri Andarwulan","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.396","url":null,"abstract":"Refined palm oil contains contaminants such as 3-monochloropropane diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) which are formed from diacylglycerol (DAG) and chloride (Cl) as precursors during processing. There is a need to control the levels of precursors especially during the bleaching stage using selected bleaching earth (BE). Reducing the number of precursors after the bleaching stage will minimize the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE in bleached palm oil (BPO) for the next refinery stage. The research consisted of three stages: (1) characterization of raw materials consisting of CPO, BE types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; (2) study on the effect of BE type; and (3) study on the concentration effect of selected BE for reducing DAG and Cl by chemical analysis of oil quality. The results showed that degummed palm oil (DPO) contained DAG of 6.70%, free fatty acid 5.66%, carotene 424.31 mg/kg, P 20.30 mg/kg, and Fe <0.021 mg/kg. The five types of BE have different physicochemical properties on which the effect will be seen on BPO. The second stage results showed that BE-4 was selected as the most potential BE. Using BE-4 of 2.5% was proven to reduce total Cl as 3-MCPDE precursors in the resulted BPO sample. The Cl level decreased to 3.05 mg/kg with the largest decrease percentage of 55.80% compared to DPO sample. BE-4 concentration of 2.5% has been able to withstand and prevent the increase of DAG as a precursor to GE contaminants during bleaching process. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: 3-monokloropropanadiol ester, chloride, diacylglycerol, glycidyl ester, palm oil","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41889386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efforts to fulfill food consumption tend to pay little attention to ecosystem sustainability. Permaculture is an agricultural system that designs landscapes resembling natural ecosystems so that they can produce food and prioritize the principle of sustainability. However, as the population increases, permaculture must be reviewed to meet food consumption. This research is a case study in YS Permaculture that implements a permaculture farming system to meet the food consumption needs of the foundation's community. The purpose of the study is to identify the principles of permaculture in the empirical conditions of the foundation and formulate a development strategy to meet the food consumption of the foundation community. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method using an in-depth interview method with foundation management. Based on the identification of 12 permaculture principles, one principle still needs to be implemented optimally, namely, using and respecting renewable resources and their functions. Strategic steps that can be taken to increase the productivity of food commodities and fulfill food consumption are the extensification of permaculture gardens and the implementation of regenerative agriculture that integrates artificial intelligence, machine learning, and precision agriculture. The strategy of fulfilling food consumption for the foundation community through permaculture requires cooperation with various parties, including the government and academics, related to strengthening food security while still paying attention to environmental and social aspects. Keywords: environmental impact, food productivity, development strategy, permaculture, social impact
{"title":"Strategi Pengembangan dalam Pemenuhan Konsumsi Pangan Sivitas Yayasan Permaculture","authors":"Eka Nurjati","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.335","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to fulfill food consumption tend to pay little attention to ecosystem sustainability. Permaculture is an agricultural system that designs landscapes resembling natural ecosystems so that they can produce food and prioritize the principle of sustainability. However, as the population increases, permaculture must be reviewed to meet food consumption. This research is a case study in YS Permaculture that implements a permaculture farming system to meet the food consumption needs of the foundation's community. The purpose of the study is to identify the principles of permaculture in the empirical conditions of the foundation and formulate a development strategy to meet the food consumption of the foundation community. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method using an in-depth interview method with foundation management. Based on the identification of 12 permaculture principles, one principle still needs to be implemented optimally, namely, using and respecting renewable resources and their functions. Strategic steps that can be taken to increase the productivity of food commodities and fulfill food consumption are the extensification of permaculture gardens and the implementation of regenerative agriculture that integrates artificial intelligence, machine learning, and precision agriculture. The strategy of fulfilling food consumption for the foundation community through permaculture requires cooperation with various parties, including the government and academics, related to strengthening food security while still paying attention to environmental and social aspects. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: environmental impact, food productivity, development strategy, permaculture, social impact","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Pamekas, Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti, Nelly Destinawati
Pathogenic microbes are the limiting factor in increasing red chili productivity. These pathogens cause decreasing yield of red chili up to 50-100%. This research aimed to characterize and evaluate disease severity on 20 red chili genotypes caused by pathogenic microbes. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The samples were 20 chili genotypes, namely UNIB K01, UNIB CGTS1, G35, G48, G56, G60, G67, G77, and G43 (developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers) and IPB C19, COPAY, IPB C495, IPB C14, DORSET NAGA, IPB C4, IPB PANJANG, LOKAL BENGKULU, SELOKA, SSP, and ANIES (developed by others). The results showed that four groups of pathogens attacked red chili, namely Fusarium oxysporum, which causes fusarium wilt disease; Cercospora sp., the cause of leaf spot disease; Colletotrichum sp. causes anthracnose; and virus groups. All tested red chili genotypes could be infected by these four pathogens in which the incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity were insignificant. Of the nine genotypes developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers, the G35 genotype had the best potency to be developed as a disease-resistant genotype. Keywords: Cercospora sp, Colletotrichum sp, Fusarium s, virus
{"title":"Characterization and Disease Severity of Pathogenic Microbes on 20 Red Chili Genotypes","authors":"T. Pamekas, Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti, Nelly Destinawati","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.361","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic microbes are the limiting factor in increasing red chili productivity. These pathogens cause decreasing yield of red chili up to 50-100%. This research aimed to characterize and evaluate disease severity on 20 red chili genotypes caused by pathogenic microbes. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The samples were 20 chili genotypes, namely UNIB K01, UNIB CGTS1, G35, G48, G56, G60, G67, G77, and G43 (developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers) and IPB C19, COPAY, IPB C495, IPB C14, DORSET NAGA, IPB C4, IPB PANJANG, LOKAL BENGKULU, SELOKA, SSP, and ANIES (developed by others). The results showed that four groups of pathogens attacked red chili, namely Fusarium oxysporum, which causes fusarium wilt disease; Cercospora sp., the cause of leaf spot disease; Colletotrichum sp. causes anthracnose; and virus groups. All tested red chili genotypes could be infected by these four pathogens in which the incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity were insignificant. Of the nine genotypes developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers, the G35 genotype had the best potency to be developed as a disease-resistant genotype. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Cercospora sp, Colletotrichum sp, Fusarium s, virus","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42552524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erma Suryanti, Dewi Chusniasih, Muhammad Asril, Ika Agus Rini, Wulandari Putri Antika, Nadia Rahmah
Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is a plant that can live well on nutrient-poor lands such as peatlands. However, plant resistance to nutrient-poor conditions is caused by symbiosis with endophytic bacteria capable of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) through biostimulant and bioprotective mechanisms. This study aims to characterize the potential of endophytic bacteria from pineapple roots from peatlands as biostimulants and bioprotective agents. Thirteen endophytic bacteria from pineapple root were characterized by their ability as biostimulants through phosphate dissolution tests using Pikovskaya media qualitatively and quantitatively, and the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) upon additional 0.1% tryptophan. Furthermore, bacteria as bioprotectors were characterized by qualitative production of chitinase enzyme and antifungal tests against Fusarium proliferatum using dual culture techniques. The results showed the presence of 2 positive bacteria in all tests, namely the ANAP3 and ANAP5 isolates. ANPA3 bacteria show the highest activity in IAA production (26.3 ppm), and the highest antifungal activity in inhibiting F. proliferatum, with an inhibitory index reaching 52.6%. Meanwhile, ANAP5 is an endophytic bacterium with the highest phosphate dissolving activity, with a dissolved phosphate value of 253.5 ppm. This finding shows that some endophytic bacteria from pineapple roots on peatlands can be biostimulants and bioprotectors that can be developed as PGPB. Keywords: Ananas comosus L. Merr, endophytic bacteria, bioprotectant, biostimulant, Fusarium proliferatum
{"title":"Bioprospeksi Bakteri Asal Akar Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) Lahan Gambut Kayu Agung, Sumatra Selatan, sebagai Agen Biostimulan dan Bioprotektan","authors":"Erma Suryanti, Dewi Chusniasih, Muhammad Asril, Ika Agus Rini, Wulandari Putri Antika, Nadia Rahmah","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.352","url":null,"abstract":"Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is a plant that can live well on nutrient-poor lands such as peatlands. However, plant resistance to nutrient-poor conditions is caused by symbiosis with endophytic bacteria capable of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) through biostimulant and bioprotective mechanisms. This study aims to characterize the potential of endophytic bacteria from pineapple roots from peatlands as biostimulants and bioprotective agents. Thirteen endophytic bacteria from pineapple root were characterized by their ability as biostimulants through phosphate dissolution tests using Pikovskaya media qualitatively and quantitatively, and the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) upon additional 0.1% tryptophan. Furthermore, bacteria as bioprotectors were characterized by qualitative production of chitinase enzyme and antifungal tests against Fusarium proliferatum using dual culture techniques. The results showed the presence of 2 positive bacteria in all tests, namely the ANAP3 and ANAP5 isolates. ANPA3 bacteria show the highest activity in IAA production (26.3 ppm), and the highest antifungal activity in inhibiting F. proliferatum, with an inhibitory index reaching 52.6%. Meanwhile, ANAP5 is an endophytic bacterium with the highest phosphate dissolving activity, with a dissolved phosphate value of 253.5 ppm. This finding shows that some endophytic bacteria from pineapple roots on peatlands can be biostimulants and bioprotectors that can be developed as PGPB. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Ananas comosus L. Merr, endophytic bacteria, bioprotectant, biostimulant, Fusarium proliferatum","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44570692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Prihantoro, P. Karti, E. L. Aditia, Shandathyana Nisabillah
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a fungus that has a symbiotic impact on the plant at the root system level. The research objective was to evaluate the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana produced from inoculation of AMF under different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale. A completely randomized design with six treatments and five replication were applied for the study. The treatments were: FD1000, FD2000, FD3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm of AB mix at flat fertigation), FB1000, FB2000, and FB3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, 3000 ppm of AB mix at graded fertigation). The result shows that the AMF colonization level at the root of was similar (P>0.05) to the upper value of colonization (80.00‒99.00%). The entire products of AMF have similar favorable symbiotic effects on the plant with major growth traits (plant high, stem diameter, number of branches and twigs). A fortification of 2000 ppm of AB mix under graded fertigation technique has produced AMF that significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of leaves with higher green color level (7.5GY 4/6) compared with other treatments. In conclusion, the AMF produced by different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale has a similar result on root colonization effectivity and growth performance of I. zollingeriana. In addition, the AMF produced by 2000 ppm of AB mix with graded fertigation technique effectively increased the number of leaves with higher green color intensity. Keywords: AMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi quality, fertigation, fortification, Indigofera zollingeriana
{"title":"Kualitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) yang Diproduksi dengan Teknik Fortifikasi dan Fertigasi Berbeda pada Pertumbuhan Indigofera zollingeriana","authors":"I. Prihantoro, P. Karti, E. L. Aditia, Shandathyana Nisabillah","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.377","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a fungus that has a symbiotic impact on the plant at the root system level. The research objective was to evaluate the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana produced from inoculation of AMF under different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale. A completely randomized design with six treatments and five replication were applied for the study. The treatments were: FD1000, FD2000, FD3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm of AB mix at flat fertigation), FB1000, FB2000, and FB3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, 3000 ppm of AB mix at graded fertigation). The result shows that the AMF colonization level at the root of was similar (P>0.05) to the upper value of colonization (80.00‒99.00%). The entire products of AMF have similar favorable symbiotic effects on the plant with major growth traits (plant high, stem diameter, number of branches and twigs). A fortification of 2000 ppm of AB mix under graded fertigation technique has produced AMF that significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of leaves with higher green color level (7.5GY 4/6) compared with other treatments. In conclusion, the AMF produced by different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale has a similar result on root colonization effectivity and growth performance of I. zollingeriana. In addition, the AMF produced by 2000 ppm of AB mix with graded fertigation technique effectively increased the number of leaves with higher green color intensity. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: AMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi quality, fertigation, fortification, Indigofera zollingeriana","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45446045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2021, the realization of livestock transported by KM Camara Nusantara livestock ships only reached 67.73%, with the realization of shipping at 78.74%. Based on these conditions, this study aims to measure the effectiveness of implementing livestock ships and the factors that affect them. The method used was to calculate the weight of factors considered to affect using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Data were obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews. Respondents were stakeholders and users of livestock transportation vessel services, which include the NTB and NTT Provincial Livestock Offices, Bima Regency Livestock Office, the Ministry of Transportation, shipping operators, and business actors. The results are priority weights on benefit criteria (0.2648), number of livestock (0.2578), regulation (0.1716), and route (0.1541). Meanwhile, priority weights on the subcriteria of the number of livestock transported (0.2224), availability (0.1064), price disparity (0.0889), mileage (0.0677), and transportation socialization (0.0667). Based on the calculation of the weight of criteria and subcriteria, the effectiveness of implementing KM Camara Nusantara livestock vessels reached 78%, which is at the level of achievement that is quite effective. In general, to improve the effectiveness of KM Camara Nusantara livestock transport ship services, factors that need to get priority are the availability of transported livestock, the achievement of benefits, and supporting regulations. The subfactors that need priority are the number of livestock transported, availability, price disparity, mileage, and transportation socialization. Keywords: AHP, Camara Nusantara, cattle ships, Sea Highway
{"title":"Efektivitas Kapal KM Camara Nusantara dalam Pelayanan Angkutan Ternak","authors":"Laili Fithri Hidayati, Nahrowi, L. Abdullah","doi":"10.18343/jipi.28.3.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.3.370","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021, the realization of livestock transported by KM Camara Nusantara livestock ships only reached 67.73%, with the realization of shipping at 78.74%. Based on these conditions, this study aims to measure the effectiveness of implementing livestock ships and the factors that affect them. The method used was to calculate the weight of factors considered to affect using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Data were obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews. Respondents were stakeholders and users of livestock transportation vessel services, which include the NTB and NTT Provincial Livestock Offices, Bima Regency Livestock Office, the Ministry of Transportation, shipping operators, and business actors. The results are priority weights on benefit criteria (0.2648), number of livestock (0.2578), regulation (0.1716), and route (0.1541). Meanwhile, priority weights on the subcriteria of the number of livestock transported (0.2224), availability (0.1064), price disparity (0.0889), mileage (0.0677), and transportation socialization (0.0667). Based on the calculation of the weight of criteria and subcriteria, the effectiveness of implementing KM Camara Nusantara livestock vessels reached 78%, which is at the level of achievement that is quite effective. In general, to improve the effectiveness of KM Camara Nusantara livestock transport ship services, factors that need to get priority are the availability of transported livestock, the achievement of benefits, and supporting regulations. The subfactors that need priority are the number of livestock transported, availability, price disparity, mileage, and transportation socialization. \u0000Keywords: AHP, Camara Nusantara, cattle ships, Sea Highway","PeriodicalId":31211,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47813585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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