Yi-Cheng Chang, S. Hee, M. Hsieh, Y. Jeng, L. Chuang
The type 2 diabetes pandemic in recent decades is a huge global health threat. This pandemic is primarily attributed to the surplus of nutrients and the increased prevalence of obesity worldwide. In contrast, calorie restriction and weight reduction can drastically prevent type 2 diabetes, indicating a central role of nutrient excess in the development of diabetes. Recently, the molecular links between excessive nutrients, organelle stress, and development of metabolic disease have been extensively studied. Specifically, excessive nutrients trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and increase the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, leading to activation of stress signaling pathway, inflammatory response, lipogenesis, and pancreatic beta-cell death. Autophagy is required for clearance of hepatic lipid clearance, alleviation of pancreatic beta-cell stress, and white adipocyte differentiation. ROS scavengers, chemical chaperones, and autophagy activators have demonstrated promising effects for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes in preclinical models. Further results from clinical trials are eagerly awaited.
{"title":"The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment","authors":"Yi-Cheng Chang, S. Hee, M. Hsieh, Y. Jeng, L. Chuang","doi":"10.1155/2015/972891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/972891","url":null,"abstract":"The type 2 diabetes pandemic in recent decades is a huge global health threat. This pandemic is primarily attributed to the surplus of nutrients and the increased prevalence of obesity worldwide. In contrast, calorie restriction and weight reduction can drastically prevent type 2 diabetes, indicating a central role of nutrient excess in the development of diabetes. Recently, the molecular links between excessive nutrients, organelle stress, and development of metabolic disease have been extensively studied. Specifically, excessive nutrients trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and increase the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, leading to activation of stress signaling pathway, inflammatory response, lipogenesis, and pancreatic beta-cell death. Autophagy is required for clearance of hepatic lipid clearance, alleviation of pancreatic beta-cell stress, and white adipocyte differentiation. ROS scavengers, chemical chaperones, and autophagy activators have demonstrated promising effects for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes in preclinical models. Further results from clinical trials are eagerly awaited.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128991642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Samaka, H. Aiad, M. Kandil, N. Asaad, Nanes S. Holah
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphomas worldwide. The pathogenesis of lymphomas is not yet well understood. SV40 induces malignant transformation by the large T-antigen (L-TAG) and promotes transformation by binding and inactivating p53 and pRb. L-TAG can bind pRb promoting the activation of the E2F1 transcription factor, thus inducing the expression of genes required for the entry to the S phase and leading to cell transformation. This immunohistochemical study was conducted to assess the prognostic role and relationship of SV40 L-TAG and E2F1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of Egyptian patients. This retrospective study was conducted on 105 tissue specimens including 20 follicular hyperplasia and 85 DLBCL cases. SV40 L-TAG was identified in 3/85 (4%) of DLBCL. High Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) and apoptotic count were associated with high E2F1 expression (p<0.001 for all). No significant association was reached between E2F1 and SV40. E2F1 expression proved to be the most and first independent prognostic factor on overall survival of DLBCL patients (HR = 5.79, 95% CI = 2.3–14.6, and p<0.001). Upregulation of E2F1 has been implicated in oncogenesis, prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic response but is not seemingly to have a relationship with the accused SV40.
{"title":"The Prognostic Role and Relationship between E2F1 and SV40 in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of Egyptian Patients","authors":"R. Samaka, H. Aiad, M. Kandil, N. Asaad, Nanes S. Holah","doi":"10.1155/2015/919834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/919834","url":null,"abstract":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphomas worldwide. The pathogenesis of lymphomas is not yet well understood. SV40 induces malignant transformation by the large T-antigen (L-TAG) and promotes transformation by binding and inactivating p53 and pRb. L-TAG can bind pRb promoting the activation of the E2F1 transcription factor, thus inducing the expression of genes required for the entry to the S phase and leading to cell transformation. This immunohistochemical study was conducted to assess the prognostic role and relationship of SV40 L-TAG and E2F1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of Egyptian patients. This retrospective study was conducted on 105 tissue specimens including 20 follicular hyperplasia and 85 DLBCL cases. SV40 L-TAG was identified in 3/85 (4%) of DLBCL. High Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) and apoptotic count were associated with high E2F1 expression (p<0.001 for all). No significant association was reached between E2F1 and SV40. E2F1 expression proved to be the most and first independent prognostic factor on overall survival of DLBCL patients (HR = 5.79, 95% CI = 2.3–14.6, and p<0.001). Upregulation of E2F1 has been implicated in oncogenesis, prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic response but is not seemingly to have a relationship with the accused SV40.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Okuyama Kishima, Karen Brajão de Oliveira, C. B. Ariza, C. D. de Oliveira, R. Losi Guembarovski, Bruna Karina Banin Hirata, F. C. de Almeida, G. A. F. Vitiello, K. P. Trugilo, A. L. Guembarovski, Walter Jorge Sobrinho, C. Z. Campos, M. Watanabe
CXCR4 genetic polymorphisms, as well as their expression level, have been associated with cancer development and prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of CXCR4 rs2228014 polymorphism on its mRNA and protein expression in breast cancer samples. It was observed that patients presented higher CXCR4 mRNA relative expression (5.7-fold) than normal mammary gland, but this expression was not correlated with patients clinicopathological features (nuclear grade, nodal status, ER status, PR status, p53 staining, Ki67 index, and HER-2 status). Moreover, CXCR4 mRNA relative expression also did not differ regarding the presence or absence of T allele (p = 0.301). In the immunohistochemical assay, no difference was observed for CXCR4 cytoplasmic protein staining in relation to different genotypes (p = 0.757); however, high cytoplasmic CXCR4 staining was verified in invasive breast carcinoma (p < 0.01). All in all, the results from present study indicated that rs2228014 genetic variant does not alter CXCR4 mRNA or protein expression. However, this receptor was more expressed in tumor compared to normal tissue, in both RNA and protein levels, suggesting its promising applicability in the general context of mammary carcinogenesis.
{"title":"Genetic Polymorphism and Expression of CXCR4 in Breast Cancer","authors":"Marina Okuyama Kishima, Karen Brajão de Oliveira, C. B. Ariza, C. D. de Oliveira, R. Losi Guembarovski, Bruna Karina Banin Hirata, F. C. de Almeida, G. A. F. Vitiello, K. P. Trugilo, A. L. Guembarovski, Walter Jorge Sobrinho, C. Z. Campos, M. Watanabe","doi":"10.1155/2015/289510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/289510","url":null,"abstract":"CXCR4 genetic polymorphisms, as well as their expression level, have been associated with cancer development and prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of CXCR4 rs2228014 polymorphism on its mRNA and protein expression in breast cancer samples. It was observed that patients presented higher CXCR4 mRNA relative expression (5.7-fold) than normal mammary gland, but this expression was not correlated with patients clinicopathological features (nuclear grade, nodal status, ER status, PR status, p53 staining, Ki67 index, and HER-2 status). Moreover, CXCR4 mRNA relative expression also did not differ regarding the presence or absence of T allele (p = 0.301). In the immunohistochemical assay, no difference was observed for CXCR4 cytoplasmic protein staining in relation to different genotypes (p = 0.757); however, high cytoplasmic CXCR4 staining was verified in invasive breast carcinoma (p < 0.01). All in all, the results from present study indicated that rs2228014 genetic variant does not alter CXCR4 mRNA or protein expression. However, this receptor was more expressed in tumor compared to normal tissue, in both RNA and protein levels, suggesting its promising applicability in the general context of mammary carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129717501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dhanasekaran, Devilakshmi Sithambaram, K. Govarthanan, B. Biswal, R. Verma
The success of liver regeneration depends on the availability of suitable cell types and their potential to differentiate into functional hepatocytes. To identify the stem cells which have the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes, we used neonatal liver as source. However, the current protocol for isolating stem cells from liver involves enzymes like collagenase, hyaluronidase exposed for longer duration which limits the success. This results in the keen interest to develop an easy single step enzyme digestion protocol for isolating stem cells from liver for tissue engineering approaches. Thus, the unlimited availability of cell type favors setting up the functional recovery of the damaged liver, ensuring ahead success towards treating liver diseases. We attempted to isolate liver stem derived cells (LDSCs) from mouse neonatal liver using single step minimal exposure to enzyme followed by in vitro culturing. The cells isolated were characterized for stem cell markers and subjected to lineage differentiation. Further, LDSCs were induced to hepatocyte differentiation and validated with hepatocyte markers. Finally, we developed a reproducible, efficient protocol for isolation of LDSCs with functional hepatocytes differentiation potential, which further can be used as in vitro model system for assessing drug toxicity assays in various preclinical trials.
{"title":"An Efficient Protocol for Deriving Liver Stem Cells from Neonatal Mice: Validating Its Differentiation Potential","authors":"S. Dhanasekaran, Devilakshmi Sithambaram, K. Govarthanan, B. Biswal, R. Verma","doi":"10.1155/2015/219206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/219206","url":null,"abstract":"The success of liver regeneration depends on the availability of suitable cell types and their potential to differentiate into functional hepatocytes. To identify the stem cells which have the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes, we used neonatal liver as source. However, the current protocol for isolating stem cells from liver involves enzymes like collagenase, hyaluronidase exposed for longer duration which limits the success. This results in the keen interest to develop an easy single step enzyme digestion protocol for isolating stem cells from liver for tissue engineering approaches. Thus, the unlimited availability of cell type favors setting up the functional recovery of the damaged liver, ensuring ahead success towards treating liver diseases. We attempted to isolate liver stem derived cells (LDSCs) from mouse neonatal liver using single step minimal exposure to enzyme followed by in vitro culturing. The cells isolated were characterized for stem cell markers and subjected to lineage differentiation. Further, LDSCs were induced to hepatocyte differentiation and validated with hepatocyte markers. Finally, we developed a reproducible, efficient protocol for isolation of LDSCs with functional hepatocytes differentiation potential, which further can be used as in vitro model system for assessing drug toxicity assays in various preclinical trials.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132771399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christye Sisson, Susan P. Farnand, M. Fairchild, Bill Fischer
Color variation in retinal fundus photography represents a significant gap in the standardization of color for fundus cameras. Fundus cameras are used in the context of ophthalmology as a method of documenting a patient’s retina to monitor pathology over time.This form of ophthalmic imaging is also used in clinical trial research and, increasingly, teleophthalmology, as a stand in for an in-person examination. Given the increased reliance on these images as representations of the appearance of a patient’s eye, it becomes important to identify inconsistencies between devices and provide the most accurate rendering of the retina possible. This research aims to identify these inconsistencies and reconcile them by proposing an eye color model standard. The authors could not identify other attempts to reconcile retinal color at capture, only after the fact image adjustment [1, 2] or application of current color management practices (Figure 1) [3].
{"title":"Analysis of Color Consistency in Retinal Fundus Photography: Application of Color Management and Development of an Eye Model Standard","authors":"Christye Sisson, Susan P. Farnand, M. Fairchild, Bill Fischer","doi":"10.1155/2014/398462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/398462","url":null,"abstract":"Color variation in retinal fundus photography represents a significant gap in the standardization of color for fundus cameras. Fundus cameras are used in the context of ophthalmology as a method of documenting a patient’s retina to monitor pathology over time.This form of ophthalmic imaging is also used in clinical trial research and, increasingly, teleophthalmology, as a stand in for an in-person examination. Given the increased reliance on these images as representations of the appearance of a patient’s eye, it becomes important to identify inconsistencies between devices and provide the most accurate rendering of the retina possible. This research aims to identify these inconsistencies and reconcile them by proposing an eye color model standard. The authors could not identify other attempts to reconcile retinal color at capture, only after the fact image adjustment [1, 2] or application of current color management practices (Figure 1) [3].","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126092165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yves Sucaet, W. Waelput, P. Vermeulen, G. G. Van den Eynden
The histological growth pattern (HGP) of solid tumor metastases to liver is an easy-to-assess and integrative histopathological parameter of tumor-stromal interactions [1]. With preliminary data suggesting that theHGPof colorectal cancer liver metastases has prognostic value [2], we hypothesize that it also might predict response to therapy [1, 3]. To enhance pathological assessments, we organized an internationalmulticenter validation study within the LiverMetastasis Research Consortium.
{"title":"Using a Novel Whole Slide Imaging Software Platform for an International Multicenter Validation Study to Assess the Histological Growth Pattern of Liver Metastases","authors":"Yves Sucaet, W. Waelput, P. Vermeulen, G. G. Van den Eynden","doi":"10.1155/2014/812391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/812391","url":null,"abstract":"The histological growth pattern (HGP) of solid tumor metastases to liver is an easy-to-assess and integrative histopathological parameter of tumor-stromal interactions [1]. With preliminary data suggesting that theHGPof colorectal cancer liver metastases has prognostic value [2], we hypothesize that it also might predict response to therapy [1, 3]. To enhance pathological assessments, we organized an internationalmulticenter validation study within the LiverMetastasis Research Consortium.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116724465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Automated image analysis of histology images is affected by the staining variations in histology slides. In general, training images are used to optimize the parameters of an image analysis system. Color, being one of the dominant features of stained tissue samples, is being commonly utilized as feature to segment or classify the different stained tissue components. However, the colors impressed on the tissue components vary with the staining condition of the sample. Hence, when the staining conditions of the slides for the training and test images differ, the accuracy of the analysis results would likely degrade. In this work we present a method to correct the staining condition of the histology images by constructing a look-up table (LUT) of the stained pixels' dye amounts. The present method allows the user to not only correct the staining condition of a given histology image with respect to the staining condition of the reference slide, but to also recreate his/her preferred staining condition for the given image. The results of our experiments with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue images showed the effectiveness of the present method.
{"title":"Staining Correction in Digital Pathology with Dye Amount Look-Up Table","authors":"P. Bautista, Y. Yagi","doi":"10.1155/2014/964708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/964708","url":null,"abstract":"Automated image analysis of histology images is affected by the staining variations in histology slides. In general, training images are used to optimize the parameters of an image analysis system. Color, being one of the dominant features of stained tissue samples, is being commonly utilized as feature to segment or classify the different stained tissue components. However, the colors impressed on the tissue components vary with the staining condition of the sample. Hence, when the staining conditions of the slides for the training and test images differ, the accuracy of the analysis results would likely degrade. In this work we present a method to correct the staining condition of the histology images by constructing a look-up table (LUT) of the stained pixels' dye amounts. The present method allows the user to not only correct the staining condition of a given histology image with respect to the staining condition of the reference slide, but to also recreate his/her preferred staining condition for the given image. The results of our experiments with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue images showed the effectiveness of the present method.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"355 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshiko Yamashita, T. Kiyuna, M. Sakamoto, A. Hashiguchi, M. Ishikawa, Y. Murakami, Masahiro Yamaguchi
The advent of new digital imaging technologies including high-throughput slide scanners is making a very compelling case as part of the clinical workflow. Tools developed for morphometric image analysis are accelerating the transition of pathology into a more quantitative science. The system for detection of regions suspected to be cancerous in gastric and colorectal tissue is already available. There is a real need for not only cancer detection but also quantification of histological features, because quantitative morphological characteristics can include important diagnostic and prognostic information. If an association between quantitative features and clinical findings is indicated, quantification of morphological features would be extremely useful to select the best treatment. Image measurement technology also has the potential for investigative pathology. We have developed a prototype system for both quantification of morphological features and automated identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within whole slide images (WSI) of liver biopsy based on image recognition and measurement techniques. Our system displays quantified cell and tissue features as histogram, bar graph, and heat map on the screen. Displaying all features in such a unified visualization makes it easy to interpret quantitative feature. In this paper, we present a prototype designed specifically for morphological feature visualization in an easy-to-understand manner.
{"title":"Development of a Prototype for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Classification Based on Morphological Features Automatically Measured in Whole Slide Images","authors":"Yoshiko Yamashita, T. Kiyuna, M. Sakamoto, A. Hashiguchi, M. Ishikawa, Y. Murakami, Masahiro Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1155/2014/817192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/817192","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of new digital imaging technologies including high-throughput slide scanners is making a very compelling case as part of the clinical workflow. Tools developed for morphometric image analysis are accelerating the transition of pathology into a more quantitative science. The system for detection of regions suspected to be cancerous in gastric and colorectal tissue is already available. There is a real need for not only cancer detection but also quantification of histological features, because quantitative morphological characteristics can include important diagnostic and prognostic information. If an association between quantitative features and clinical findings is indicated, quantification of morphological features would be extremely useful to select the best treatment. Image measurement technology also has the potential for investigative pathology. We have developed a prototype system for both quantification of morphological features and automated identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within whole slide images (WSI) of liver biopsy based on image recognition and measurement techniques. Our system displays quantified cell and tissue features as histogram, bar graph, and heat map on the screen. Displaying all features in such a unified visualization makes it easy to interpret quantitative feature. In this paper, we present a prototype designed specifically for morphological feature visualization in an easy-to-understand manner.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"321 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122621734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In digital histopathology traditionally prepared and stained slides are scanned in a dedicated scanner to produce extremely high resolution images.The resultant image fidelity is affected bymany variables including the staining processes, scanner design/setup, and ultimately the image display. Little or no routine quality control is applied at any of these stages and as a result widely varying images can be produced for the same sample.
{"title":"Point-of-Use QA in Digital Pathology Slides","authors":"D. Brettle, D. Treanor, C. Revie, M. Shires","doi":"10.1155/2014/590813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/590813","url":null,"abstract":"In digital histopathology traditionally prepared and stained slides are scanned in a dedicated scanner to produce extremely high resolution images.The resultant image fidelity is affected bymany variables including the staining processes, scanner design/setup, and ultimately the image display. Little or no routine quality control is applied at any of these stages and as a result widely varying images can be produced for the same sample.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131805658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Revie, M. Shires, P. Jackson, D. Brettle, R. Cochrane, D. Treanor
In digital microscopes and whole slide imaging systems, images of slides are captured, transmitted, and reproduced on a computer display. In order to allow pathologists to interpret these images accurately and efficiently, it is important that colors from the slides are displayed in a consistent and reliable fashion. The final color of the image presented to the viewing pathologist depends on several steps through the imaging pathway, including sample illumination, magnification, image capture, compression, storage, and reproduction on the computer display. There are many possible system designs and, within a single system, different setup options which can affect the final image leading to significant variation in image appearances. This paper summarizes recent work by members of the International Color Consortium Medical Imaging Working Group to develop test materials and methods for the assessment of color calibration of digital microscope systems. This work includes sharing of ideas on device calibration and image processing and display. The paper further discusses the challenges encountered in the development of a suitable color target that includes a set of patches with spectra similar to those encountered when viewing pathology slides with stained tissue samples.
{"title":"Color Management in Digital Pathology","authors":"W. Revie, M. Shires, P. Jackson, D. Brettle, R. Cochrane, D. Treanor","doi":"10.1155/2014/652757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/652757","url":null,"abstract":"In digital microscopes and whole slide imaging systems, images of slides are captured, transmitted, and reproduced on a computer display. In order to allow pathologists to interpret these images accurately and efficiently, it is important that colors from the slides are displayed in a consistent and reliable fashion. \u0000 \u0000The final color of the image presented to the viewing pathologist depends on several steps through the imaging pathway, including sample illumination, magnification, image capture, compression, storage, and reproduction on the computer display. There are many possible system designs and, within a single system, different setup options which can affect the final image leading to significant variation in image appearances. \u0000 \u0000This paper summarizes recent work by members of the International Color Consortium Medical Imaging Working Group to develop test materials and methods for the assessment of color calibration of digital microscope systems. This work includes sharing of ideas on device calibration and image processing and display. \u0000 \u0000The paper further discusses the challenges encountered in the development of a suitable color target that includes a set of patches with spectra similar to those encountered when viewing pathology slides with stained tissue samples.","PeriodicalId":313227,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Cellular Pathology (Amsterdam)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134094951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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