Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s10
Since 2016, aerobic gymnastics has been in continuous creative effervescence, promoting a new trend, namely that of acrobatic elements, to the detriment of implementing structures specific to this discipline, which it would need in its aspirations to the Olympic gates. In search of solutions for dynamism, attractiveness and the accumulation of additional points to climb the world rankings, the 2017-2021 and 2022-2024 FIG Codes of Points have become the most effective tools through which acrobatic elements, as non-specific structures of this sport, have been accepted in the contents of aerobic gymnastics exercises in different formulas for various events. The quantitative and percentage study of this presence was based on the determination and analysis of the acrobatic content of all exercises performed in the finals of the 2019 European Championships. In this scientific approach, only the results for Individual Woman (IW) are exemplified as a reference system attesting to the significant numerical presence of acrobatic elements in exercises, which oscillate between 4 and 9 elements per routine. The arithmetic mean of 6.2 elements reveals the considerable effort of each finalist to introduce this large number of acrobatic elements in the combinations of an exercise lasting 1 minute 20 ± 5 seconds. Besides the exaggerated presence of acrobatic elements in the elite exercises of this beautiful discipline, the current study has also identified important transformations and contradictions that take it away from the specificity, crystallisation and especially the identity that deserves to be emphasised.
{"title":"Transformations and contradictions in elite aerobic gymnastics","authors":"","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s10","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2016, aerobic gymnastics has been in continuous creative effervescence, promoting a new trend, namely that of acrobatic elements, to the detriment of implementing structures specific to this discipline, which it would need in its aspirations to the Olympic gates. In search of solutions for dynamism, attractiveness and the accumulation of additional points to climb the world rankings, the 2017-2021 and 2022-2024 FIG Codes of Points have become the most effective tools through which acrobatic elements, as non-specific structures of this sport, have been accepted in the contents of aerobic gymnastics exercises in different formulas for various events. The quantitative and percentage study of this presence was based on the determination and analysis of the acrobatic content of all exercises performed in the finals of the 2019 European Championships. In this scientific approach, only the results for Individual Woman (IW) are exemplified as a reference system attesting to the significant numerical presence of acrobatic elements in exercises, which oscillate between 4 and 9 elements per routine. The arithmetic mean of 6.2 elements reveals the considerable effort of each finalist to introduce this large number of acrobatic elements in the combinations of an exercise lasting 1 minute 20 ± 5 seconds. Besides the exaggerated presence of acrobatic elements in the elite exercises of this beautiful discipline, the current study has also identified important transformations and contradictions that take it away from the specificity, crystallisation and especially the identity that deserves to be emphasised.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74968055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s14
C. Popa, Alexandru Chivaran, M. Marin, Hisham Q. Mohammad, OT Taha, M. Zavaleanu, M. Rusu, L. Rusu
Introduction: In recent decades, people’s lifestyles, physical activities, working conditions and habits have dramatically changed, leading to a major increase in the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH), which is due to the lack of early functional diagnosis. The purpose of this observational study is to analyse paravertebral muscle imbalances. Methodology: The study included 8 participants (mean age: 28 years) with no lumbar spine pathology or symptoms. The assessment was performed during two gait cycles to analyse muscle strength balance in the right/left spinal erectors - iliolumbar muscles across three phases: heel strike (phase I), left foot stance (phase II) and left foot toe-off (phase III). The VICON Motion System was used to collect data for BoB (Biomechanics of Bodies) software to quantify muscle strength in the lumbar region. Results: The data recorded for paravertebral muscles are: phase I - 24.67 N (left), 9.34 N (right), imbalance 37%; phase II - 15.67 N (left), 4.67 N (right), imbalance 29.62%; phase III - 8.81 N (left), 6.42 N (right), imbalance 72.87%. An important left/right imbalance occurs in phase III where muscle strength has close values. Significantly different left/right values and large imbalances occur in phases I and III, which indicates major asymmetry that may cause instability. Conclusion: Segmental assessment of the behaviour of paravertebral muscles, especially spinal erectors, can provide information about the possibility of developing vertebral instability due to muscle failure and is the starting point for assessing various daily activities.
{"title":"Biomechanical analysis of the paravertebral muscle status using imaging methods","authors":"C. Popa, Alexandru Chivaran, M. Marin, Hisham Q. Mohammad, OT Taha, M. Zavaleanu, M. Rusu, L. Rusu","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In recent decades, people’s lifestyles, physical activities, working conditions and habits have dramatically changed, leading to a major increase in the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH), which is due to the lack of early functional diagnosis. The purpose of this observational study is to analyse paravertebral muscle imbalances. Methodology: The study included 8 participants (mean age: 28 years) with no lumbar spine pathology or symptoms. The assessment was performed during two gait cycles to analyse muscle strength balance in the right/left spinal erectors - iliolumbar muscles across three phases: heel strike (phase I), left foot stance (phase II) and left foot toe-off (phase III). The VICON Motion System was used to collect data for BoB (Biomechanics of Bodies) software to quantify muscle strength in the lumbar region. Results: The data recorded for paravertebral muscles are: phase I - 24.67 N (left), 9.34 N (right), imbalance 37%; phase II - 15.67 N (left), 4.67 N (right), imbalance 29.62%; phase III - 8.81 N (left), 6.42 N (right), imbalance 72.87%. An important left/right imbalance occurs in phase III where muscle strength has close values. Significantly different left/right values and large imbalances occur in phases I and III, which indicates major asymmetry that may cause instability. Conclusion: Segmental assessment of the behaviour of paravertebral muscles, especially spinal erectors, can provide information about the possibility of developing vertebral instability due to muscle failure and is the starting point for assessing various daily activities.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82994111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s1
Elena Daniela Salih Khidir, S. Sayegh, M. Stănescu
Logic modelling is an endorsed management method for the effective planning, implementation and evaluation of educational programs. This approach is expected to find measurable results that will bring benefits at individual, group and community levels. This empirical study gives evidence of the importance and effectiveness of planned and structured walking interventions in Qatar. The use of the logic model brings measurable achievements, providing a systematic approach and identification of results in the short term as formative evaluation, in the medium term as process evaluation and in the long term as outcome evaluation. In a walking intervention, formative evaluation provides needs assessment results, process evaluation provides physical activity and motivational levels, and outcome evaluation brings changes in lifestyle habits towards healthier choices. Walking interventions aimed at promoting physical activity within a structured approach provide opportunities to learn about the health benefits of physical activity, increase participation levels, enhance motivation levels and guide the community towards behavioural changes to reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases due to sedentary lifestyle. Walking interventions are effectively assessed through step counts using pedometers and mobile applications connected to a web database. The results confirm the effectiveness of walking intervention programs when the logic model is used as a tool to evaluate participants’ engagement in the walking program. The authors of this paper recommend the implementation of planned intervention programs in Qatar with the purpose of impacting the community at national level through physical activity guidelines supporting the prevention of non-communicable diseases.
{"title":"Logic model for walking interventions in Qatar","authors":"Elena Daniela Salih Khidir, S. Sayegh, M. Stănescu","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s1","url":null,"abstract":"Logic modelling is an endorsed management method for the effective planning, implementation and evaluation of educational programs. This approach is expected to find measurable results that will bring benefits at individual, group and community levels. This empirical study gives evidence of the importance and effectiveness of planned and structured walking interventions in Qatar. The use of the logic model brings measurable achievements, providing a systematic approach and identification of results in the short term as formative evaluation, in the medium term as process evaluation and in the long term as outcome evaluation. In a walking intervention, formative evaluation provides needs assessment results, process evaluation provides physical activity and motivational levels, and outcome evaluation brings changes in lifestyle habits towards healthier choices. Walking interventions aimed at promoting physical activity within a structured approach provide opportunities to learn about the health benefits of physical activity, increase participation levels, enhance motivation levels and guide the community towards behavioural changes to reduce the occurrence of chronic diseases due to sedentary lifestyle. Walking interventions are effectively assessed through step counts using pedometers and mobile applications connected to a web database. The results confirm the effectiveness of walking intervention programs when the logic model is used as a tool to evaluate participants’ engagement in the walking program. The authors of this paper recommend the implementation of planned intervention programs in Qatar with the purpose of impacting the community at national level through physical activity guidelines supporting the prevention of non-communicable diseases.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87131663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s5
V. Muntianu, B. Abalașei
The issue related to the importance of training young athletes is well known, because they are the basis of player selection in clubs and national teams at senior level, and maintaining a high standard of practice in this sport depends on the involvement of coaches and the appropriate training of young talents. The game of handball is constantly experiencing an exponential increase in the level of play, dynamics, training methods, technical structures, physical involvement and personal touch on specific technical elements, aspects that need to be treated with interest so that players can maintain their performance at a high level. Handball is a game that requires the regular assessment of players’ indices in order to have a proper perspective on their progress. As regards junior handball players, we can state that it is very important to thoroughly observe their development, especially from a somatic point of view, because they are in a constant process of growth that has implications on their way of sustaining the specific effort demanded by this team sport. We assume that the choice of the most important areas of interest throughout this process will enable us to find the suitable means and methods as well as tests and measurements for these young athletes.
{"title":"Somatic evaluation of junior handball players","authors":"V. Muntianu, B. Abalașei","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s5","url":null,"abstract":"The issue related to the importance of training young athletes is well known, because they are the basis of player selection in clubs and national teams at senior level, and maintaining a high standard of practice in this sport depends on the involvement of coaches and the appropriate training of young talents. The game of handball is constantly experiencing an exponential increase in the level of play, dynamics, training methods, technical structures, physical involvement and personal touch on specific technical elements, aspects that need to be treated with interest so that players can maintain their performance at a high level. Handball is a game that requires the regular assessment of players’ indices in order to have a proper perspective on their progress. As regards junior handball players, we can state that it is very important to thoroughly observe their development, especially from a somatic point of view, because they are in a constant process of growth that has implications on their way of sustaining the specific effort demanded by this team sport. We assume that the choice of the most important areas of interest throughout this process will enable us to find the suitable means and methods as well as tests and measurements for these young athletes.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86276054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s3
E. Lungu, N. Nastas
Currently, doping is an acute problem in professional sport. Solving this issue involves a series of related questions such as how to improve the doping control system or what drugs to prohibit for use. Historians believe that the use of doping during the Olympics dates back to the very foundation of the competition in 776 BC. Game participants took hallucinogenic and pain relieving extracts. These drugs would have been banned today, but in ancient times, athletes were not prohibited from using drugs that helped them win. Doping control is an essential part of a comprehensive programme of measures aimed at preventing athletes from using prohibited drugs. The regulations for organizing and conducting the doping control procedure adopted in our country fully comply with the requirements of the IOC Medical Commission. At the first detection of prohibited drugs, the athlete is disqualified for 2 years, and if it happens again, the athlete is disqualified for life. In this case, the athlete’s coach and physician are also liable to penalties. Nowadays, proposals have been made to the country’s legislative bodies to introduce criminal penalties for taking anabolic steroids without medical indications or persuading athletes to take them. Looking back at the history of doping, it can be concluded that that current sports victories are not won by athletes but by pharmacists who have made a profitable business out of professional sport, and their “well-oiled” system is not afraid of any doping control.
{"title":"The principle of doping in sport and the consequences of its use","authors":"E. Lungu, N. Nastas","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s3","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, doping is an acute problem in professional sport. Solving this issue involves a series of related questions such as how to improve the doping control system or what drugs to prohibit for use. Historians believe that the use of doping during the Olympics dates back to the very foundation of the competition in 776 BC. Game participants took hallucinogenic and pain relieving extracts. These drugs would have been banned today, but in ancient times, athletes were not prohibited from using drugs that helped them win. Doping control is an essential part of a comprehensive programme of measures aimed at preventing athletes from using prohibited drugs. The regulations for organizing and conducting the doping control procedure adopted in our country fully comply with the requirements of the IOC Medical Commission. At the first detection of prohibited drugs, the athlete is disqualified for 2 years, and if it happens again, the athlete is disqualified for life. In this case, the athlete’s coach and physician are also liable to penalties. Nowadays, proposals have been made to the country’s legislative bodies to introduce criminal penalties for taking anabolic steroids without medical indications or persuading athletes to take them. Looking back at the history of doping, it can be concluded that that current sports victories are not won by athletes but by pharmacists who have made a profitable business out of professional sport, and their “well-oiled” system is not afraid of any doping control.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81963649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s4
O. Baltag, Mariana Cordun, Mihaela Apostu
The purpose of this paper is to highlight a less illustrated topic in Romanian bibliographic resources. According to the World Health Organization reports, breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The sequelae of mastectomy are systematised as follows: conditions secondary to the application of local radiotherapy, systemic conditions after oncological treatment and psychosocial conditions. The most common side effect of the treatment applied for breast cancer is lymphoedema and, according to a study carried out in Pennsylvania, 42% of patients develop lymphoedema. Some authors classify it into mild, moderate and severe, but others highlight four stages of lymphoedema development. Physiotherapy has a major role in post-mastectomy recovery and requires various kinetic means, which can be both specific (physical exercise, hydrokinetic therapy, massage, posture) and non-specific (multilayer compression bandage and wearing a compression sleeve). Over time, a lot of clinical studies have been conducted on the implications of physical therapy for post-mastectomy functional recovery. Thus, physical exercise performed during the kinetic programme improves muscle strength, the activity of the cardiorespiratory system and self-esteem. Several authors recommend the practice of aerobic exercise and moderate-intensity exercise twice a week during chemotherapy treatment to prevent the development of lymphoedema.
{"title":"Arguments regarding the management of post-mastectomy sequels","authors":"O. Baltag, Mariana Cordun, Mihaela Apostu","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to highlight a less illustrated topic in Romanian bibliographic resources. According to the World Health Organization reports, breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The sequelae of mastectomy are systematised as follows: conditions secondary to the application of local radiotherapy, systemic conditions after oncological treatment and psychosocial conditions. The most common side effect of the treatment applied for breast cancer is lymphoedema and, according to a study carried out in Pennsylvania, 42% of patients develop lymphoedema. Some authors classify it into mild, moderate and severe, but others highlight four stages of lymphoedema development. Physiotherapy has a major role in post-mastectomy recovery and requires various kinetic means, which can be both specific (physical exercise, hydrokinetic therapy, massage, posture) and non-specific (multilayer compression bandage and wearing a compression sleeve). Over time, a lot of clinical studies have been conducted on the implications of physical therapy for post-mastectomy functional recovery. Thus, physical exercise performed during the kinetic programme improves muscle strength, the activity of the cardiorespiratory system and self-esteem. Several authors recommend the practice of aerobic exercise and moderate-intensity exercise twice a week during chemotherapy treatment to prevent the development of lymphoedema.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80870932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s9
Norbert Steff, P. Făgăraș
The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has affected Romania since March 2020 and impacted students and teachers as well, classes being held online or in a hybrid form. The objective of the study is to highlight the impact of online classes on physical education students. We designed Google forms in order to gather as much information as possible from 203 students, most of them from the “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology in Târgu Mureș and the “Babeș Bolyai” University in Cluj Napoca. The questions were aimed at collecting information from three main points of view, namely students’ readiness for online learning, students’ interest for college and the teaching methods used during this period. After processing the data, we found that 128 (63%) of students believed that their readiness for online learning was an advantage, and out of the 203 students, 113 (55%) confirmed that their interest for college decreased during the pandemic. The main teaching method consisted of PPT presentations, and for the practical part, homework assignments and projects were used. In conclusion, students’ interest in online learning declined during the pandemic, and this result was checked with control questions that provided more valid information.
{"title":"Study regarding the interest of physical education students for college during the pandemic","authors":"Norbert Steff, P. Făgăraș","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s9","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has affected Romania since March 2020 and impacted students and teachers as well, classes being held online or in a hybrid form. The objective of the study is to highlight the impact of online classes on physical education students. We designed Google forms in order to gather as much information as possible from 203 students, most of them from the “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology in Târgu Mureș and the “Babeș Bolyai” University in Cluj Napoca. The questions were aimed at collecting information from three main points of view, namely students’ readiness for online learning, students’ interest for college and the teaching methods used during this period. After processing the data, we found that 128 (63%) of students believed that their readiness for online learning was an advantage, and out of the 203 students, 113 (55%) confirmed that their interest for college decreased during the pandemic. The main teaching method consisted of PPT presentations, and for the practical part, homework assignments and projects were used. In conclusion, students’ interest in online learning declined during the pandemic, and this result was checked with control questions that provided more valid information.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86672998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s11
S. Albu
In recent decades, women have become increasingly present in management positions, and their opinions have begun to be taken into account in both sports and other domains. We believe that participation in decision-making is a significant indicator of gender equality in a society and we hope that our analysis will highlight the current situation in Romania regarding this important topic. The present paper aimed to analyse women’s participation in decision-making at national level by comparing sports with other domains. To achieve this, we retrieved and analysed data from statistics compiled by the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) for seven life domains: sports, science and research, social dialogue, business and finance, judiciary, public administration and politics. We also aimed to compare the participation of women from Romania and the European Union in decision-making in the sports domain. We considered it necessary to conduct this analysis because participation in decision-making is one of the areas in which Romania’s scores are low in terms of equal opportunities for women and men (according to the data provided by the European Institute for Gender Equality, 2019). In the Strategic Engagement for Gender Equality 2016-2019, the European Commission (2015) claims that promoting equality between women and men in decision-making should be an EU priority.
{"title":"Comparative analysis regarding gender equality in decision-making positions in different domains","authors":"S. Albu","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s11","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, women have become increasingly present in management positions, and their opinions have begun to be taken into account in both sports and other domains. We believe that participation in decision-making is a significant indicator of gender equality in a society and we hope that our analysis will highlight the current situation in Romania regarding this important topic. The present paper aimed to analyse women’s participation in decision-making at national level by comparing sports with other domains. To achieve this, we retrieved and analysed data from statistics compiled by the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) for seven life domains: sports, science and research, social dialogue, business and finance, judiciary, public administration and politics. We also aimed to compare the participation of women from Romania and the European Union in decision-making in the sports domain. We considered it necessary to conduct this analysis because participation in decision-making is one of the areas in which Romania’s scores are low in terms of equal opportunities for women and men (according to the data provided by the European Institute for Gender Equality, 2019). In the Strategic Engagement for Gender Equality 2016-2019, the European Commission (2015) claims that promoting equality between women and men in decision-making should be an EU priority.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80599386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s2
Huahua Gao, Cailiang Zhou
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in middle school students. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed for articles published from March 2011 to March 2021 in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI (a Chinese database). Studies were included if: (1) the investigated population was aged between 6 and 18 years, (2) they reported the following outcome indicators: VO2max or VO2peak, cognitive function and/or at least one of the following three dimensions: executive function, attention network, intelligence. Studies that did not meet the aforementioned inclusion criteria or that had a study population with pathological obesity or other related diseases were excluded. Forty-nine articles were included, and the information on the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function was retrieved for the systematic review. Results: As for the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function, consistent evidence showed that adolescents with good cardiorespiratory fitness had better executive function. It should be noted that, compared to other variables corresponding to physical fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness is the most important factor of the attention network. Cardiorespiratory fitness was also found to be a mediating variable for the relationships between birth weight and intelligence. Conclusion: In previous studies, cardiorespiratory fitness was found to be related to different dimensions of middle school students’ cognitive function, including executive function, attention network and intelligence. Evidence also indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness was the most important type of physical fitness related to a certain dimension of cognitive function.
摘要本研究旨在探讨中学生心肺健康与认知功能的关系。方法:广泛检索PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO和CNKI(中文数据库)2011年3月至2021年3月发表的文章。如果研究包括:(1)调查人群年龄在6至18岁之间，(2)他们报告了以下结果指标:VO2max或VO2peak，认知功能和/或以下三个维度中的至少一个:执行功能，注意力网络，智力。不符合上述纳入标准或研究人群患有病理性肥胖或其他相关疾病的研究被排除在外。纳入49篇文章，检索心肺健康和认知功能之间关系的信息进行系统评价。结果:在心肺适能与执行功能的关系方面，一致的证据表明，心肺适能较好的青少年执行功能较好。需要注意的是，相对于其他与身体健康相对应的变量，心肺健康是注意力网络中最重要的因素。心肺健康也被发现是出生体重和智力之间关系的中介变量。结论:在前人的研究中发现，心肺适能与中学生认知功能的不同维度相关，包括执行功能、注意网络和智力。有证据表明，心肺健康是与认知功能相关的最重要的身体健康类型。
{"title":"Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive function in middle school students: a systematic review","authors":"Huahua Gao, Cailiang Zhou","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.s2","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in middle school students. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed for articles published from March 2011 to March 2021 in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI (a Chinese database). Studies were included if: (1) the investigated population was aged between 6 and 18 years, (2) they reported the following outcome indicators: VO2max or VO2peak, cognitive function and/or at least one of the following three dimensions: executive function, attention network, intelligence. Studies that did not meet the aforementioned inclusion criteria or that had a study population with pathological obesity or other related diseases were excluded. Forty-nine articles were included, and the information on the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function was retrieved for the systematic review. Results: As for the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function, consistent evidence showed that adolescents with good cardiorespiratory fitness had better executive function. It should be noted that, compared to other variables corresponding to physical fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness is the most important factor of the attention network. Cardiorespiratory fitness was also found to be a mediating variable for the relationships between birth weight and intelligence. Conclusion: In previous studies, cardiorespiratory fitness was found to be related to different dimensions of middle school students’ cognitive function, including executive function, attention network and intelligence. Evidence also indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness was the most important type of physical fitness related to a certain dimension of cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73093045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.4.6
Practised as both a leisure activity and a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics is one of the most popular branches of gymnastics. As a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics has a complex motor repertoire that involves performing spectacular movements to music. The concept that has led to the emergence and development of competitive aerobic gymnastics is that of “spectator sport”. The physical and mental demands and rigors of a competitive sport on those who want to be at the top of national and international rankings sometimes disturb their health balance. Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine whether the practice of competitive aerobics has any influence on the development and progression of scoliosis in female athletes who train for approximately 3 hours a day. Assessment methods: The assessment methods used to identify scoliosis are somatoscopy and various anthropometric measurements characteristic of three-dimensional postural deformities. Conclusion: Competitive sport can be considered an aggravating factor in the case of physical impairments due to the many positions and movements that an athlete has to perform, and the main causes of their occurrence are the excessive overloads imposed by competitive sport on the genetic background of each pubertal individual.
{"title":"The intervention of competitive aerobic gymnastics on body posture","authors":"","doi":"10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35189/dpeskj.2021.60.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Practised as both a leisure activity and a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics is one of the most popular branches of gymnastics. As a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics has a complex motor repertoire that involves performing spectacular movements to music. The concept that has led to the emergence and development of competitive aerobic gymnastics is that of “spectator sport”. The physical and mental demands and rigors of a competitive sport on those who want to be at the top of national and international rankings sometimes disturb their health balance. Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine whether the practice of competitive aerobics has any influence on the development and progression of scoliosis in female athletes who train for approximately 3 hours a day. Assessment methods: The assessment methods used to identify scoliosis are somatoscopy and various anthropometric measurements characteristic of three-dimensional postural deformities. Conclusion: Competitive sport can be considered an aggravating factor in the case of physical impairments due to the many positions and movements that an athlete has to perform, and the main causes of their occurrence are the excessive overloads imposed by competitive sport on the genetic background of each pubertal individual.","PeriodicalId":31352,"journal":{"name":"Discobolul Physical Education Sports and Kinetotherapy Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78876033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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