{"title":"Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral disease management among doctors practicing the ayurveda system of medicine: A questionnaire-based study guide to unconventional dentistry","authors":"Karthikeya Patil, KYesoda Aniyan, MahimaV Guledgud","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_291_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_291_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TENS therapy or low-level laser therapy? In the management of morbidities associated with temporomandibular joint disorders: A comparative study","authors":"Ch Anupriya, Prashant Nahar, MohitP Singh, S Bhuvaneshwari, Saurabh Goel, Hemant Mathur","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_235_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_235_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_23
BharatM Mody
{"title":"Evidence-based education system","authors":"BharatM Mody","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_59_22
Hemant H. Mathur, Sneha Sharma, N. Bansal, A. Mathur, Amit Jain, D. Charan
Background: Volumetric measurements are used for evaluating dimensions of bone lesions including periapical pathosis, cysts, and tumours, which help to assess the reduction in cystic volume and treatment outcome. Aims: To evaluate the three-dimensional radiographic variation of bone healing over time in jaw cysts after surgical therapy and to check the correlations between these variations. Materials and Method: A retrospective study with 25 pre- and post-treatment Cone Beam-Computed Tomography [CBCT] volumes of patients 18–69 years of age from December 2018 to December 2019 to evaluate the healing process in all three dimensions. These included post-treatment Odontogenic Keratocyst at 44% (n = 11); dentigerous cysts at 36% (n = 9) and Periapical cysts at 20% (n = 5). The post-treatment scans were done after a duration of 6 months, and a 6-point Cone Beam-Computed Tomography Peri-Apical Index (CBCTPAI) scale was used for grading the lesions. Results: SPSS software version 3; Paired t test and Pearson's coefficient bivariate analysis were utilized to correlate the dependent and the independent variables with a P value of 0.05. The mean difference between pre- and post-operative cystic volume was 22.976 ± 7.809. The mean and standard deviation (SD) done by CBCTPAI scale was 70.728 ± 11.144 for pre-operative cystic measurement and 3.880 ± 0.489 for post-operative cystic volume, with a statistically significant value. A positive significant correlation was found in dependent and independent variables. Conclusions: CBCTPAI helps to assess the reduction in cystic volume and shape of jaw cysts which is essential for immediate and excellent surgical treatment and adequate follow-up.
{"title":"Cone beam-computed tomography in the evaluation of post-operative bone healing of jaw Cysts—A retrospective study","authors":"Hemant H. Mathur, Sneha Sharma, N. Bansal, A. Mathur, Amit Jain, D. Charan","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_59_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_59_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Volumetric measurements are used for evaluating dimensions of bone lesions including periapical pathosis, cysts, and tumours, which help to assess the reduction in cystic volume and treatment outcome. Aims: To evaluate the three-dimensional radiographic variation of bone healing over time in jaw cysts after surgical therapy and to check the correlations between these variations. Materials and Method: A retrospective study with 25 pre- and post-treatment Cone Beam-Computed Tomography [CBCT] volumes of patients 18–69 years of age from December 2018 to December 2019 to evaluate the healing process in all three dimensions. These included post-treatment Odontogenic Keratocyst at 44% (n = 11); dentigerous cysts at 36% (n = 9) and Periapical cysts at 20% (n = 5). The post-treatment scans were done after a duration of 6 months, and a 6-point Cone Beam-Computed Tomography Peri-Apical Index (CBCTPAI) scale was used for grading the lesions. Results: SPSS software version 3; Paired t test and Pearson's coefficient bivariate analysis were utilized to correlate the dependent and the independent variables with a P value of 0.05. The mean difference between pre- and post-operative cystic volume was 22.976 ± 7.809. The mean and standard deviation (SD) done by CBCTPAI scale was 70.728 ± 11.144 for pre-operative cystic measurement and 3.880 ± 0.489 for post-operative cystic volume, with a statistically significant value. A positive significant correlation was found in dependent and independent variables. Conclusions: CBCTPAI helps to assess the reduction in cystic volume and shape of jaw cysts which is essential for immediate and excellent surgical treatment and adequate follow-up.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"102 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41326484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_164_22
S. Patil, A. Shree, B. Subhash, R. Shriyanka
Tuberculosis of the maxillary sinus is uncommon. Primary tuberculosis involving the sinus is very rare, and it is generally secondary to pulmonary involvement. The clinical presentation of this condition is vague and not pathognomonic. This may result in an incorrect diagnosis leading to complications. An unusual presentation of primary tuberculosis affecting the maxillary sinus in a 54-year-old male is discussed in the present case report.
{"title":"Primary tuberculosis of maxillary sinus – A rare case report","authors":"S. Patil, A. Shree, B. Subhash, R. Shriyanka","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_164_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_164_22","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis of the maxillary sinus is uncommon. Primary tuberculosis involving the sinus is very rare, and it is generally secondary to pulmonary involvement. The clinical presentation of this condition is vague and not pathognomonic. This may result in an incorrect diagnosis leading to complications. An unusual presentation of primary tuberculosis affecting the maxillary sinus in a 54-year-old male is discussed in the present case report.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"134 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46948450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_21
Gagana Gowda, G. Mamatha, V. Usha, J. Thimmasetty, M. Rajeshwari, R. Annigeri
Background: Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection of the mucus membrane, where Candida albicans (C. albicans) is commonly responsible for the infection, especially in immune-compromised patients. Resistance of Candida species to antifungal drugs has led clinicians to pay more attention to alternative therapy. Punicalagin, isolated from pomegranate peel, was reported to be effective against C. albicans. This study compares the efficacy of Punica granatum peel extract gel 0.2% with topical clotrimazole in oral candidiasis. Materials and Methods: Forty-four oral candidiasis patients aged 20–67 years of either sex were enrolled. The swab samples from the oral lesion were collected for periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, and a quantitative analysis of Candida species was carried out. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group I subjects were administered a topical application of P. granatum gel 0.2%. Group II subjects were administered clotrimazole 1%. Both medicaments were administered in the form of a topical gel thrice a day for 14 days. Follow-up was done on the 7th and 14th days. Results: Reduction in burning sensation measured with the mean visual analog scale (VAS) score was from 2.0238 to 1.3095 in group I and from 1.4783 to 0.8913 in group II. Reduction in the lesion size from baseline to post-treatment was from 1.652 to 0.781 in group I and from 0.939 to 0.439 in group II. Also, a reduction in candidal colony count from baseline to post-treatment was observed in both groups. The taste and tolerability of punicalagin were acceptable. Conclusion: P. granatum 0.2% is safe, well tolerated, and effective for oral candidiasis.
{"title":"Efficacy of Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) in the management of oral candidiasis – A randomized controlled study","authors":"Gagana Gowda, G. Mamatha, V. Usha, J. Thimmasetty, M. Rajeshwari, R. Annigeri","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_174_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection of the mucus membrane, where Candida albicans (C. albicans) is commonly responsible for the infection, especially in immune-compromised patients. Resistance of Candida species to antifungal drugs has led clinicians to pay more attention to alternative therapy. Punicalagin, isolated from pomegranate peel, was reported to be effective against C. albicans. This study compares the efficacy of Punica granatum peel extract gel 0.2% with topical clotrimazole in oral candidiasis. Materials and Methods: Forty-four oral candidiasis patients aged 20–67 years of either sex were enrolled. The swab samples from the oral lesion were collected for periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, and a quantitative analysis of Candida species was carried out. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group I subjects were administered a topical application of P. granatum gel 0.2%. Group II subjects were administered clotrimazole 1%. Both medicaments were administered in the form of a topical gel thrice a day for 14 days. Follow-up was done on the 7th and 14th days. Results: Reduction in burning sensation measured with the mean visual analog scale (VAS) score was from 2.0238 to 1.3095 in group I and from 1.4783 to 0.8913 in group II. Reduction in the lesion size from baseline to post-treatment was from 1.652 to 0.781 in group I and from 0.939 to 0.439 in group II. Also, a reduction in candidal colony count from baseline to post-treatment was observed in both groups. The taste and tolerability of punicalagin were acceptable. Conclusion: P. granatum 0.2% is safe, well tolerated, and effective for oral candidiasis.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"15 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47662484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_299_22
Sunaina Swatantramath, Daya K. Jangam, K. Talreja, Pranali Bahadure, Antara Kore
Background: Saliva, a non-invasive diagnostic tool, is used to evaluate sialic acid and Alpha-L-Fucosidase in OSMF. Sialylation and fucosylation are glycosylation changes that mediate vital biological functions. By stabilizing glycoproteins and cellular membranes, sialic acid contributes to the identification and interaction of cells in biological systems. Alpha-L-Fucosidase is an enzyme found in lysosomes and responsible for catalyzing the hydrolytic cleavage of terminal fucose residue. Aim: To evaluate and compare salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels in patients with OSMF with age and gender-matched healthy controls and different stages of OSMF. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 Patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF and 30 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected by the spit method. A saliva sample was used to estimate salivary sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-glucosidase (ELISA) method. Results: Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001***) in patients with OSMF compared to healthy controls, and the levels gradually increased with an increase in the stages of the OSMF. Conclusion: Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase in patients with OSMF can be a reliable biomarker for early detection and progression and have prognostic value.
背景:唾液是一种非侵入性诊断工具，用于评估唾液酸和α - l -聚焦酶在OSMF中的作用。唾液化和聚焦化是介导重要生物学功能的糖基化变化。通过稳定糖蛋白和细胞膜，唾液酸有助于生物系统中细胞的识别和相互作用。α - l -聚焦酶是一种在溶酶体中发现的酶，负责催化末端聚焦残基的水解裂解。目的:评价和比较年龄和性别匹配的OSMF患者和不同阶段OSMF患者唾液唾液酸和唾液α - l -聚焦酶水平。材料和方法:本研究包括30例临床诊断为OSMF的患者和30例年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。采用唾液法采集未受刺激的全唾液样本。采用唾液样品测定唾液酸和唾液α - l -葡萄糖苷酶(ELISA)法。结果:与健康对照组相比，OSMF患者唾液唾液酸和唾液α - l -集中酶水平显著升高(P < 0.001***)，且随着OSMF分期的增加，唾液酸和α - l -集中酶水平逐渐升高。结论:唾液酸和唾液α - l -聚焦酶是OSMF患者早期发现和进展的可靠生物标志物，具有预后价值。
{"title":"Evaluation of salivary sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-Fucosidase levels in patients with oral submucous fibrosis- A cross-sectional study","authors":"Sunaina Swatantramath, Daya K. Jangam, K. Talreja, Pranali Bahadure, Antara Kore","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_299_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_299_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Saliva, a non-invasive diagnostic tool, is used to evaluate sialic acid and Alpha-L-Fucosidase in OSMF. Sialylation and fucosylation are glycosylation changes that mediate vital biological functions. By stabilizing glycoproteins and cellular membranes, sialic acid contributes to the identification and interaction of cells in biological systems. Alpha-L-Fucosidase is an enzyme found in lysosomes and responsible for catalyzing the hydrolytic cleavage of terminal fucose residue. Aim: To evaluate and compare salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels in patients with OSMF with age and gender-matched healthy controls and different stages of OSMF. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 Patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF and 30 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected by the spit method. A saliva sample was used to estimate salivary sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-glucosidase (ELISA) method. Results: Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001***) in patients with OSMF compared to healthy controls, and the levels gradually increased with an increase in the stages of the OSMF. Conclusion: Salivary Sialic acid and salivary Alpha-L-fucosidase in patients with OSMF can be a reliable biomarker for early detection and progression and have prognostic value.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"21 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46078841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_323_21
S. Sahoo, A. Bajoria, S. Bhuvaneshwari, N. Sangamesh, Silpiranjan Mishra, Jugajyoti Pathi
Introduction: A styloid process (SP) is considered extended if it is longer than 30 millimeters (mm), which falls between the typical range of 20 and 30 mm. Eagle's syndrome (ES), a disease associated with the styloid process elongation (SPE), was originally recognized by otorhinolaryngologist “Watt Weems Eagle” in 1937. Aims: The calcification pattern, prevalence, and morphology of the SPE in a hospital-based population in Bhubaneswar were all objectively assessed in the study using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Material: Radiographic records of 1027 patients have been recovered arbitrarily from the authentic records and assessed. The length of the SP was estimated and characterized by their morphology and calcification design. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 software. It was deemed statistically significant if the P value ≤ 0.05. Results: It was seen that 25.8% of the males had the presence of elongation as compared to 30.1% of females, which is 153 males out of 440, and 131 females out of 304 showed elongated SP. Conclusion: The SPE could be a coincidental radiography perception without symptoms. In this study, a substitute for CT or all panoramic radiographs for the estimation and assessment of the SP is the CBCT approach.
{"title":"A retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study of the calcification pattern, prevalence, and morphology of the elongated styloid process","authors":"S. Sahoo, A. Bajoria, S. Bhuvaneshwari, N. Sangamesh, Silpiranjan Mishra, Jugajyoti Pathi","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_323_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_323_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A styloid process (SP) is considered extended if it is longer than 30 millimeters (mm), which falls between the typical range of 20 and 30 mm. Eagle's syndrome (ES), a disease associated with the styloid process elongation (SPE), was originally recognized by otorhinolaryngologist “Watt Weems Eagle” in 1937. Aims: The calcification pattern, prevalence, and morphology of the SPE in a hospital-based population in Bhubaneswar were all objectively assessed in the study using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Material: Radiographic records of 1027 patients have been recovered arbitrarily from the authentic records and assessed. The length of the SP was estimated and characterized by their morphology and calcification design. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 software. It was deemed statistically significant if the P value ≤ 0.05. Results: It was seen that 25.8% of the males had the presence of elongation as compared to 30.1% of females, which is 153 males out of 440, and 131 females out of 304 showed elongated SP. Conclusion: The SPE could be a coincidental radiography perception without symptoms. In this study, a substitute for CT or all panoramic radiographs for the estimation and assessment of the SP is the CBCT approach.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"82 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43554855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_184_23
ML Avinash Tejasvi
Greetings from the Editorial Team. Dear IAOMR Members, It is my privilege to address all the members of the Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology (IAOMR) and share some insights on the importance of systematic review and meta-analysis in our field. In an era of evidence-based practice, these methodologies have emerged as indispensable tools for synthesizing existing research and providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making. The meta-analysis did not begin to appear regularly in the medical literature until the late 1970s but since then a plethora of meta-analyses have emerged and the growth is exponential over time.[1] The significance of systematic review and meta-analysis lies in their ability to overcome the limitations of individual studies, such as sample size, bias, and conflicting findings. By collating data from various sources, these methods increase statistical power, reduce uncertainty, and provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence. Consequently, they have become crucial in guiding evidence-based practice and clinical decision-making. Identifying Knowledge Gaps and Research Priorities: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses also play a pivotal role in identifying knowledge gaps within our field. Through the process of systematically reviewing existing literature, researchers can identify areas where evidence is lacking or conflicting. This identification of gaps not only highlights the need for further research but also assists in setting research priorities for the future. During the systematic review process, the quality of studies is evaluated, and a statistical meta-analysis of the study results is conducted based on their quality. Usually, to obtain more reliable results, a meta-analysis is mainly conducted on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which have a high level of evidence. Since 1999, various papers have presented guidelines for reporting meta-analyses of RCTs. Following the Quality of Reporting of Meta-Analyses (QUORUM) statement and the appearance of registers such as Cochrane Library’s Methodology Register, a large number of systematic literature reviews have been registered. In 2009, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was published, and it greatly helped standardize and improve the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.[2] To solve those hindrances, Tawfik GM et al. have recommended a flow diagram [Figure 1], which illustrates detailed and step-by-step stages for systematic review or meta-analysis studies.[3]Figure 1: Detailed flow diagram guideline for systematic review and meta-analysis steps. Note: Star icon refers to “2—reviewers screen independently” Courtesy: Tawfik GM, Dila KAS, Mohamed MYF, Tam DNH, Kien ND, Ahmed AM, et al. A step-by-step guide for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis with simulation data. Trop Med Health 2019;47:46-54Validating and Challenging Existing Paradigms: The cumulative na
来自编辑团队的问候。我很荣幸能向印度口腔医学与放射学会(IAOMR)的所有成员发表讲话，并分享一些关于系统评价和荟萃分析在我们领域的重要性的见解。在循证实践的时代，这些方法已成为综合现有研究和为临床决策提供有价值见解的不可或缺的工具。直到20世纪70年代末，元分析才开始在医学文献中定期出现，但从那时起，大量的元分析出现了，随着时间的推移，增长呈指数级增长。[1]系统评价和荟萃分析的意义在于它们能够克服个体研究的局限性，如样本量、偏倚和相互矛盾的发现。通过整理来自不同来源的数据，这些方法增加了统计能力，减少了不确定性，并提供了对现有证据的全面概述。因此，它们在指导循证实践和临床决策方面变得至关重要。识别知识差距和研究重点:系统综述和荟萃分析在识别我们领域的知识差距方面也起着关键作用。通过系统地回顾现有文献的过程，研究人员可以确定证据缺乏或相互冲突的领域。这种差距的识别不仅突出了进一步研究的需要，而且有助于确定未来的研究重点。在系统评价过程中，评估研究的质量，并根据研究的质量对研究结果进行统计荟萃分析。通常，为了获得更可靠的结果，meta分析主要是对随机对照试验(rct)进行，这些试验具有较高的证据水平。自1999年以来，各种论文提出了报告随机对照试验荟萃分析的指南。随着meta分析报告质量(QUORUM)声明和诸如Cochrane图书馆方法学登记册等登记册的出现，大量系统的文献综述被登记。2009年，PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta- analysis)声明发布，极大地规范和提高了系统评价和meta-分析的质量。[2]为了解决这些障碍，Tawfik GM等人推荐了一个流程图[图1]，它说明了系统评价或荟萃分析研究的详细和逐步阶段。[3]图1:系统评价和元分析步骤的详细流程图指南。附注:星形图标指的是“独立的2位审阅者筛选”:Tawfik GM, Dila KAS, Mohamed MYF, Tam DNH, Kien ND, Ahmed AM等。一步一步的指导进行系统的审查和元分析与模拟数据。验证和挑战现有范式:系统评价和荟萃分析的累积性质允许验证或挑战现有范式。通过综合来自多个研究的证据，这些方法可以证实或反驳流行的理论和实践。在出现差异或相互矛盾的证据的情况下，它们提供了对既定规范进行批判性评估、重新分析和重新考虑的机会。这个反复的过程促进了科学进步，推动了我们领域的发展。总之，系统评价和荟萃分析彻底改变了口腔医学和放射学研究和临床决策的方式。它们已成为综合证据、指导实践、识别知识差距和挑战现有范式的重要工具。作为研究人员和临床医生，我们有责任接受这些方法并为其进步做出贡献。通过这样做，我们可以共同加强我们领域的基础，促进循证实践，并改善患者的治疗效果。我希望你们在研究中取得丰硕的成果，我期待着你们在系统综述和元分析方面发表令人兴奋的贡献。胜利后
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_3_23
AnkitaAmar Goklani, JaishriS Pagare
Background: There was a sudden upsurge of fungal infections in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in India. The main reason is impaired innate defense mechanisms. These rapidly progressive and destructive diseases necessitate early identification for improved outcomes. The challenges faced during early diagnosis dictate an urgent need to study the characteristics of these secondary infections. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of cases reported in our institute. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate frequency, possible contributing factors, and clinical-radiologic features in patients with fungal infections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Clinical details of all patients were collected from hospital records and analyzed. Results: Seventy patients of fungal infections with (94.2%) and without (5.7%) COVID-19 have been reported to our institute. Our study showed male (61.4%) predilection. Corticosteroids were part of COVID-19 treatment regimen in a total of 80% of patients. Diabetes was the most common co-morbidity (75.8%). The right maxillary sinus (64.3%) and maxilla (61.4%) were the most common sites involved. Medicinal treatment with amphotericin (52.9%) and posaconazole (32.9%) was given to 85.8% of patients. Maxillectomy was performed for 45.4% of patients. Conclusion: A triad of diabetes, decompensation of underlying co-morbidities, and unbridled use of corticosteroids during COVID-19 appear to surge of opportunistic fungal infections.
{"title":"Resurgence of opportunistic fungal infections in the era of COVID-19: A cross-sectional analytical study","authors":"AnkitaAmar Goklani, JaishriS Pagare","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There was a sudden upsurge of fungal infections in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in India. The main reason is impaired innate defense mechanisms. These rapidly progressive and destructive diseases necessitate early identification for improved outcomes. The challenges faced during early diagnosis dictate an urgent need to study the characteristics of these secondary infections. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of cases reported in our institute. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate frequency, possible contributing factors, and clinical-radiologic features in patients with fungal infections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Clinical details of all patients were collected from hospital records and analyzed. Results: Seventy patients of fungal infections with (94.2%) and without (5.7%) COVID-19 have been reported to our institute. Our study showed male (61.4%) predilection. Corticosteroids were part of COVID-19 treatment regimen in a total of 80% of patients. Diabetes was the most common co-morbidity (75.8%). The right maxillary sinus (64.3%) and maxilla (61.4%) were the most common sites involved. Medicinal treatment with amphotericin (52.9%) and posaconazole (32.9%) was given to 85.8% of patients. Maxillectomy was performed for 45.4% of patients. Conclusion: A triad of diabetes, decompensation of underlying co-morbidities, and unbridled use of corticosteroids during COVID-19 appear to surge of opportunistic fungal infections.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"718 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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