Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_175_23
{"title":"A Tribute to - Late Dr. N. Gnanasundaram (12.02.1940 – 29.05.2023)","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_175_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_175_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The toothbrush is the most common oral hygiene aid and significantly to reducing oropharyngeal infections. However, it is also the most neglected oral hygiene aid. Objectives: In this cross-sectional investigative study, we assessed the awareness among dental house surgeons regarding their oral hygiene practices, and subsequently their toothbrushes were subjected to microbial assessment. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire regarding the oral hygiene, toothbrush use, and storage was distributed among 96 dental house surgeons. Toothbrushes were collected and the deposit was inoculated in 10 mL of brain heart infusion broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the growth identified was noted. Results: Of the 77 toothbrush samples that presented with bacterial growth, it was noted that 48% of participants used their toothbrush for 1-3 months. Approximately 82% of participants did not use mouthwash. Although Viridans group of streptococci, a normal commensal of oral cavity was evident, the presence of E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., and Klebsiella sp. was unexpectedly high. Conclusion: Our study has shown that toothbrushes do provide a locale for microorganisms having detrimental effects on general health of the person. Therefore, dental graduates in particular and general population should be educated about maintenance of toothbrushes.
{"title":"Assessment of tooth brush microbial contamination in dental health care providers: An investigative cross-sectional study","authors":"Joanna Baptist, Sakshi Das, Sevitha Bhat, Ravikiran Ongole, Srikant Natarajan","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_275_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_275_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The toothbrush is the most common oral hygiene aid and significantly to reducing oropharyngeal infections. However, it is also the most neglected oral hygiene aid. Objectives: In this cross-sectional investigative study, we assessed the awareness among dental house surgeons regarding their oral hygiene practices, and subsequently their toothbrushes were subjected to microbial assessment. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire regarding the oral hygiene, toothbrush use, and storage was distributed among 96 dental house surgeons. Toothbrushes were collected and the deposit was inoculated in 10 mL of brain heart infusion broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the growth identified was noted. Results: Of the 77 toothbrush samples that presented with bacterial growth, it was noted that 48% of participants used their toothbrush for 1-3 months. Approximately 82% of participants did not use mouthwash. Although Viridans group of streptococci, a normal commensal of oral cavity was evident, the presence of E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., and Klebsiella sp. was unexpectedly high. Conclusion: Our study has shown that toothbrushes do provide a locale for microorganisms having detrimental effects on general health of the person. Therefore, dental graduates in particular and general population should be educated about maintenance of toothbrushes.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_14_23
Nalini Aswath, Deepika Sugumaran
{"title":"Evaluation of thyroid dosimetry using a novel modified thyroid collar during digital panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography - A cross-sectional study","authors":"Nalini Aswath, Deepika Sugumaran","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of unstimulated salivary flow rate and oral symptoms in postmenopausal women-A clinical study in healthy subjects","authors":"Kalpana Poudel, Rekha Poudel, GopaKumar R Nair, Anuj Gaur, Vinay Mohan, KrishnaGopal Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_75_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_75_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_178_22
K. Namratha, P. Shenoy, L. Chatra, P. Rao, R. Prabhu
Background and Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a chronic, inflammatory, and potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity, has been linked to the chewing of arecanuts. Antioxidants and quitting habits ought to both be incorporated into OSMF therapeutic interventions regimens. Current study aimed to determine curcumin's efficacy as an antioxidant in the management of OSMF. Materials and Methods: In this intervention study, 42 participants with OSMF were allocated into three groups. Group A received curcumin; group B received intralesional steroid injections; and group C received neither treatment (placebo group). For three months, groups A and B received twice-daily doses of 400 mg of curcumin each, while group C received twice-daily doses of placebo capsules. Group B also received biweekly intralesional steroid injections of 4 mg/ml of betamethasone. Data were analyzed using statistical tests. Results: After receiving interventions, group B patients showed clinically significant improvements in mouth opening. Both Group A and B reported a burning sensation reduction that was statistically significant. Statistically, greater improvement in mouth opening and a decrease in burning sensation were reported in group A. Conclusion: When employed as a combination therapy in the initial management of people with OSMF, curcumin can help patients with their clinical symptoms. Future research is recommended to use larger samples and longer treatment follow-up periods.
{"title":"Efficacy of curcumin in the management of oral submucous fibrosis - An intervention study","authors":"K. Namratha, P. Shenoy, L. Chatra, P. Rao, R. Prabhu","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_178_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_178_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a chronic, inflammatory, and potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity, has been linked to the chewing of arecanuts. Antioxidants and quitting habits ought to both be incorporated into OSMF therapeutic interventions regimens. Current study aimed to determine curcumin's efficacy as an antioxidant in the management of OSMF. Materials and Methods: In this intervention study, 42 participants with OSMF were allocated into three groups. Group A received curcumin; group B received intralesional steroid injections; and group C received neither treatment (placebo group). For three months, groups A and B received twice-daily doses of 400 mg of curcumin each, while group C received twice-daily doses of placebo capsules. Group B also received biweekly intralesional steroid injections of 4 mg/ml of betamethasone. Data were analyzed using statistical tests. Results: After receiving interventions, group B patients showed clinically significant improvements in mouth opening. Both Group A and B reported a burning sensation reduction that was statistically significant. Statistically, greater improvement in mouth opening and a decrease in burning sensation were reported in group A. Conclusion: When employed as a combination therapy in the initial management of people with OSMF, curcumin can help patients with their clinical symptoms. Future research is recommended to use larger samples and longer treatment follow-up periods.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"51 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43125435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_205_22
S. Sailaja, Malabika Shil, R. Lavanya, D. Thomas, N. Kondoj, Sowmya Komanduri
Background: Mucormycosis is a potentially lethal fungal infection, and the risk of secondary infections is more in patients with COVID-19. This may be because of pre-existing comorbidities or the immunosuppressive treatment taken during the COVID-19 infection. Early diagnosis is of utmost importance for patient survival. Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to grade the patients of rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis in post-COVID-19 patients in a structured way based on the symptoms and clinical and radiographic findings and to find a correlation with various predisposing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 patients with confirmed rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis and a history of COVID-19 recovery, who understand the protocol and can give informed consent, were included in the study. Results: In the present study, 73.5% were found to be males and 26.5% were found to be females. The 31–40 age group was more affected among males, and the 41–50 age group was among females. The most common associated comorbidity was found to be uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Out of 102 patients, 53.9% patients reported being in grade II, followed by 33.3% in grade III, and 12.7% in grade I. Conclusion: The grading system of rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis was found to be significant; hence, it can be used for the early diagnosis and prevention of severe consequences.
{"title":"Mucormycosis in a Covid-19 pandemic: Insight into the phoenix – A cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Sailaja, Malabika Shil, R. Lavanya, D. Thomas, N. Kondoj, Sowmya Komanduri","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_205_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_205_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mucormycosis is a potentially lethal fungal infection, and the risk of secondary infections is more in patients with COVID-19. This may be because of pre-existing comorbidities or the immunosuppressive treatment taken during the COVID-19 infection. Early diagnosis is of utmost importance for patient survival. Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to grade the patients of rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis in post-COVID-19 patients in a structured way based on the symptoms and clinical and radiographic findings and to find a correlation with various predisposing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 patients with confirmed rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis and a history of COVID-19 recovery, who understand the protocol and can give informed consent, were included in the study. Results: In the present study, 73.5% were found to be males and 26.5% were found to be females. The 31–40 age group was more affected among males, and the 41–50 age group was among females. The most common associated comorbidity was found to be uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Out of 102 patients, 53.9% patients reported being in grade II, followed by 33.3% in grade III, and 12.7% in grade I. Conclusion: The grading system of rhino-orbital-maxillary mucormycosis was found to be significant; hence, it can be used for the early diagnosis and prevention of severe consequences.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"45 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48123207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_255_22
Vidyarjan Sukhadeve, R. Sathawane, Ashish Lanjekar, R. Gaikwad, Dhiran Talatule, Charwak Tayade
Introduction: Teeth form a suitable parameter for age estimation as they disintegrate very slowly and are impervious to injuries. CBCT imaging not only allows observation of changes within teeth but permits observations of living specimens. Pulp chamber size may show a significant relationship with chronological age. Aim: To estimate the age from pulp chamber volume of first molars and second premolars using CBCT and compare it to the actual age. Materials and Methods: The current study comprised 115 subjects which were divided into four age groups. DICOM CBCT images were exported to ITK SNAP 3.8 software. Pulp chamber volumes were measured using voxel counting and image segmentation tools. Results: Molars predict the age with an accuracy of 55% and 52.1%, whereas premolars predict the age with an accuracy of 35% and 33.4% in males and females, respectively. Discriminant equations are derived for maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars irrespective of age groups, age-wise, and gender-wise groups for age estimation. Conclusion: Maxillary molars and mandibular premolars are found as strong predictors of age. CBCT imaging has proved as an excellent tool with precision and accuracy and is recommended for use in age estimation.
{"title":"Estimation of age from pulp chamber volume of first molars and second premolars using CBCT in central Indian population: An analytical study","authors":"Vidyarjan Sukhadeve, R. Sathawane, Ashish Lanjekar, R. Gaikwad, Dhiran Talatule, Charwak Tayade","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_255_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_255_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Teeth form a suitable parameter for age estimation as they disintegrate very slowly and are impervious to injuries. CBCT imaging not only allows observation of changes within teeth but permits observations of living specimens. Pulp chamber size may show a significant relationship with chronological age. Aim: To estimate the age from pulp chamber volume of first molars and second premolars using CBCT and compare it to the actual age. Materials and Methods: The current study comprised 115 subjects which were divided into four age groups. DICOM CBCT images were exported to ITK SNAP 3.8 software. Pulp chamber volumes were measured using voxel counting and image segmentation tools. Results: Molars predict the age with an accuracy of 55% and 52.1%, whereas premolars predict the age with an accuracy of 35% and 33.4% in males and females, respectively. Discriminant equations are derived for maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars irrespective of age groups, age-wise, and gender-wise groups for age estimation. Conclusion: Maxillary molars and mandibular premolars are found as strong predictors of age. CBCT imaging has proved as an excellent tool with precision and accuracy and is recommended for use in age estimation.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"124 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48211871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignancy of the salivary glands that are extremely infrequent in the jaws and is termed central or Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (CMEC) is known to affect the middle age group and has a slight female predilection. Most of these carcinomas mimic benign odontogenic lesions and very few present as locally aggressive lesions accompanied by clinical signs such as pain, swelling, movement of teeth, and loss of sensation of the inferior alveolar nerve. We are presenting a rare case of central mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a 66-year-old male patient with uniqueness in its arrival at diagnosis. This case substantiates the importance of collaborated histopathological and radiological investigations in the precise diagnosis of such locally aggressive carcinoma with metastatic potential while emphasizing the subsequent surgical reconstruction and its excellent prognosis.
{"title":"Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma in mandible: Case report of a clear cell variant with immunohistochemistry analysis","authors":"Massillamani Francis, Beshia Arnold, Santana Natarajan, Deivanayagi Muthusamy","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_200_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_200_22","url":null,"abstract":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignancy of the salivary glands that are extremely infrequent in the jaws and is termed central or Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (CMEC) is known to affect the middle age group and has a slight female predilection. Most of these carcinomas mimic benign odontogenic lesions and very few present as locally aggressive lesions accompanied by clinical signs such as pain, swelling, movement of teeth, and loss of sensation of the inferior alveolar nerve. We are presenting a rare case of central mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a 66-year-old male patient with uniqueness in its arrival at diagnosis. This case substantiates the importance of collaborated histopathological and radiological investigations in the precise diagnosis of such locally aggressive carcinoma with metastatic potential while emphasizing the subsequent surgical reconstruction and its excellent prognosis.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"35 1","pages":"137 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A crucial component of forensic sciences is the determination of an individual’s age. Traditionally for age estimation, pulp-to-tooth area ratio measurements from periapical radiographs have been used. A novel technique for obtaining three-dimensional images of teeth in living people is cone-beam computed tomography. Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to use pulp-to-tooth area ratios of the maxillary central incisor in three planes; axial at CEJ level, mid sagittal, and mid coronal—to determine an individual’s age. Methods: Fifty cone-beam computed tomography images of maxillary central incisors were studied in all three planes: axial plane (CEJ level), mid-sagittal plane, and mid-coronal plane to obtain pulp-to-tooth area ratio on NNT viewer software version 13. The values were statistically analysed using SPSS software version 24.0 for regression analysis, the standard error of estimate, and coefficient of determination (R2). The correlation between the age obtained and the chronological age was then computed. Results: The data showed statistically significant results when the age using regression equation was calculated in the mid-axial and mid-coronal sections in comparison to the mid-sagittal plane (P value <.000). Conclusion: Maxillary central incisor yielded promising results in predicting age in the present study. A population-specific equation for more stable age estimation is desirable.
{"title":"Estimation of age by calculating pulp-to-tooth area ratio using CBCT in maxillary central incisors: A retrospective cross-sectional preliminary analysis on the Hyderabad population","authors":"SeemaAshwin Bhogte, HarshvardhanS Jois, AVani Anusha, Anushka Pattnaik, Monika Rana","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_59_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_59_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A crucial component of forensic sciences is the determination of an individual’s age. Traditionally for age estimation, pulp-to-tooth area ratio measurements from periapical radiographs have been used. A novel technique for obtaining three-dimensional images of teeth in living people is cone-beam computed tomography. Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to use pulp-to-tooth area ratios of the maxillary central incisor in three planes; axial at CEJ level, mid sagittal, and mid coronal—to determine an individual’s age. Methods: Fifty cone-beam computed tomography images of maxillary central incisors were studied in all three planes: axial plane (CEJ level), mid-sagittal plane, and mid-coronal plane to obtain pulp-to-tooth area ratio on NNT viewer software version 13. The values were statistically analysed using SPSS software version 24.0 for regression analysis, the standard error of estimate, and coefficient of determination (R2). The correlation between the age obtained and the chronological age was then computed. Results: The data showed statistically significant results when the age using regression equation was calculated in the mid-axial and mid-coronal sections in comparison to the mid-sagittal plane (P value <.000). Conclusion: Maxillary central incisor yielded promising results in predicting age in the present study. A population-specific equation for more stable age estimation is desirable.","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy of tissue autofluorescence and tissue vital staining in evaluation of potentially malignant oral disorders - A comparative pilot study","authors":"PradnyaH Karmarkar, IshaP Kale, AmitA Mhapuskar, DarshanR Hiremutt, Muskan Jhawar, PrashantR Rao","doi":"10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_68_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_68_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：