The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in facilitating tumorigenesis and progression. Consequently, there is significant research interest within the oncology community in developing interventions that target the TME. Extensive research has been conducted on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in tumor therapy, revealing notable similarities between its theoretical framework and that of the TME. TCM has the ability to regulate various components of the microenvironment, including the modulation of proportions of T cell subsets, enhancement of the quantity and activity of NK cells, regulation of polarization of tumor-associated macrophages, suppression of expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, reduction of accumulation of tumor-associated endothelial cells, downregulation of the quantity and function of tumor-associated fibroblasts, and modulation of the architecture of the extracellular matrix. These multifaceted interventions ultimately lead to the attainment of anti-tumor objectives. This comprehensive review encompasses a thorough analysis of relevant literature from both domestic and international sources, with a specific emphasis on elucidating the mechanisms through which TCM compound formulas, single drugs, and monomeric components regulate the TME.
{"title":"Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating tumor microenvironment","authors":"Xiao Liu, Xiang Qian, Ai-Qin Zhang, Zhuo Chen","doi":"10.53388/mmr2023013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/mmr2023013","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in facilitating tumorigenesis and progression. Consequently, there is significant research interest within the oncology community in developing interventions that target the TME. Extensive research has been conducted on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in tumor therapy, revealing notable similarities between its theoretical framework and that of the TME. TCM has the ability to regulate various components of the microenvironment, including the modulation of proportions of T cell subsets, enhancement of the quantity and activity of NK cells, regulation of polarization of tumor-associated macrophages, suppression of expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, reduction of accumulation of tumor-associated endothelial cells, downregulation of the quantity and function of tumor-associated fibroblasts, and modulation of the architecture of the extracellular matrix. These multifaceted interventions ultimately lead to the attainment of anti-tumor objectives. This comprehensive review encompasses a thorough analysis of relevant literature from both domestic and international sources, with a specific emphasis on elucidating the mechanisms through which TCM compound formulas, single drugs, and monomeric components regulate the TME.","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135652938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the main pathological basis leading to end-stage renal disease, and is closely related to the prognosis of patients with kidney disease. Increasing evidence as shown that mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome play important roles in the pathogenesis of RIF. Studies suggest that inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome by activating mitophagy can prevent and alleviate RIF. This review summarizes role played by cross-talk between mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in promoting RIF, so as to offer new perspectives on more effective slow the progression of renal diseases and fibrosis prevention.
{"title":"Mechanisms of renal interstitial fibrosis: cross-talk between mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome","authors":"Wen-Ze Jiang, Ke-Da Lu, Zhen-Liang Fan","doi":"10.53388/mmr2023014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/mmr2023014","url":null,"abstract":"Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the main pathological basis leading to end-stage renal disease, and is closely related to the prognosis of patients with kidney disease. Increasing evidence as shown that mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome play important roles in the pathogenesis of RIF. Studies suggest that inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome by activating mitophagy can prevent and alleviate RIF. This review summarizes role played by cross-talk between mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in promoting RIF, so as to offer new perspectives on more effective slow the progression of renal diseases and fibrosis prevention.","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.20944/preprints202012.0708.v1
Debraj Koiri, D. Chakraborty, P. Das, R. Rana, S. Chatterjee, Tanmoy L Das, P. Dhal
Since December 2019, the worldwide spread of COVID-19 has brought the majority of the world to a standstill, affecting daily lives as well as economy. Under these conditions, it is imperative to develop a cure as soon as possible. On account of some of the adverse side effects of the existing conventional drugs, researchers all around the world are screening natural antiviral phytochemicals as potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19. This paper aims to review interactions of some specific phytochemicals with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and suggest their possible therapeutic applications. Literature search was done based on the wide array of in-silico studies conducted using broad spectrum phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. We shortlisted 26 such phytochemicals specifically targeting the S protein and its interactions with host receptors. To validate the previously published results, we also conducted molecular docking using the AutoDockVina application and identified 6 high potential phytochemicals for therapeutic use based on their binding energies. Besides this, availability of these compounds, their mode of action, toxicity data and cost-effectiveness were also taken into consideration. Our review specifically identifies 6 phytochemicals that can be used as potential treatments for COVID-19 based on their availability, toxicology results and low costs of production. However, all these compounds need to be further validated by wet lab experiments and should be approved for clinical use only after appropriate trials.
{"title":"Phytochemicals as Therapeutics Against COVID-19: An In-Silico Study","authors":"Debraj Koiri, D. Chakraborty, P. Das, R. Rana, S. Chatterjee, Tanmoy L Das, P. Dhal","doi":"10.20944/preprints202012.0708.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0708.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Since December 2019, the worldwide spread of COVID-19 has brought the majority of the world to a standstill, affecting daily lives as well as economy. Under these conditions, it is imperative to develop a cure as soon as possible. On account of some of the adverse side effects of the existing conventional drugs, researchers all around the world are screening natural antiviral phytochemicals as potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19. This paper aims to review interactions of some specific phytochemicals with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and suggest their possible therapeutic applications. Literature search was done based on the wide array of in-silico studies conducted using broad spectrum phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. We shortlisted 26 such phytochemicals specifically targeting the S protein and its interactions with host receptors. To validate the previously published results, we also conducted molecular docking using the AutoDockVina application and identified 6 high potential phytochemicals for therapeutic use based on their binding energies. Besides this, availability of these compounds, their mode of action, toxicity data and cost-effectiveness were also taken into consideration. Our review specifically identifies 6 phytochemicals that can be used as potential treatments for COVID-19 based on their availability, toxicology results and low costs of production. However, all these compounds need to be further validated by wet lab experiments and should be approved for clinical use only after appropriate trials.","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131179747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-112777/v1
Jieyun Li, Lufang Feng, Haitong Zhao, Kehu Yang, Cuncun Lu
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public problem and a pandemic event. Since the epidemic outbreak, deaths and cumulative confirmed positive cases have continued rising rapidly worldwide. Vaccines are regarded as one of the most effective means of preventing and controlling an epidemic. With the spread of COVID-19, a large number amount of literature on vaccines has been published recently. There is a pressing need to map the research activities of COVID-19 vaccines.Methods: Following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodological guidance, a scoping review is proposed to summarize the extent/breadth, range, and nature of evidence in research related to COVID-19 vaccines. Based on the research questions we have developed by ours, a comprehensive search will be performed in Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and WanFang databases by two independent reviewers. According to our predefined inclusion criteria, pairs of reviewers will independently assess the eligibility of identified studies from the databases. Following literature selection, pairs of reviewers will extract relevant information related to our research questions. The methodological quality and reporting quality of key evidence types (i.e., randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses) will be evaluated using commonly used tools, if possible. Qualitative synthesis and descriptive statistics will be used to summarize and present the results. In addition, new or updated meta-analysis will be conducted to pool the data available in included primary studies where possible. To track the trends in COVID-19 vaccines research, we plan to update our results every 2~3 months. Preparation of this scoping review protocol referred to PRISMA-P checklist, and the reporting of the following full-text will be using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.Discussion: We believe the results of this scoping review on COVID-19 vaccine will contribute to provide foundational knowledge, and have significant value for the research and practice of COVID-19 vaccines. The findings will also allow us to identify research gaps on this topic and help to guide the future research of COVID-19 vaccines well.
背景:2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)已成为全球性公共问题和大流行事件。自疫情爆发以来，全球死亡人数和累计确诊阳性病例继续迅速上升。疫苗被认为是预防和控制流行病的最有效手段之一。随着新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延，近期出现了大量关于疫苗的文献。迫切需要绘制COVID-19疫苗研究活动的地图。方法:根据Arksey和O 'Malley的框架和乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)的方法指导，提出了一项范围综述，以总结与COVID-19疫苗相关的研究证据的程度/广度、范围和性质。根据我们提出的研究问题，将由两位独立审稿人在Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI、CBM、VIP、万方等数据库进行全面检索。根据我们预定义的纳入标准，成对的审稿人将独立评估数据库中确定的研究的合格性。在文献选择之后，成对的审稿人将提取与我们的研究问题相关的信息。如有可能，将使用常用工具评估关键证据类型(即随机对照试验、系统评价和荟萃分析)的方法学质量和报告质量。定性综合和描述性统计将用于总结和呈现结果。此外，在可能的情况下，将进行新的或更新的荟萃分析，以汇集纳入的主要研究中的可用数据。为跟踪COVID-19疫苗研究趋势，我们计划每2~3个月更新一次结果。本范围审查方案的编制参照PRISMA-P检查表，以下全文的报告将采用PRISMA-ScR指南。讨论:我们相信本次COVID-19疫苗范围综述的结果将有助于提供基础知识，并对COVID-19疫苗的研究和实践具有重要价值。这些发现还将使我们能够确定这一主题的研究空白，并有助于更好地指导未来的COVID-19疫苗研究。
{"title":"Vaccine Research in COVID-19: A Living Scoping Review Protocol","authors":"Jieyun Li, Lufang Feng, Haitong Zhao, Kehu Yang, Cuncun Lu","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-112777/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-112777/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public problem and a pandemic event. Since the epidemic outbreak, deaths and cumulative confirmed positive cases have continued rising rapidly worldwide. Vaccines are regarded as one of the most effective means of preventing and controlling an epidemic. With the spread of COVID-19, a large number amount of literature on vaccines has been published recently. There is a pressing need to map the research activities of COVID-19 vaccines.Methods: Following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodological guidance, a scoping review is proposed to summarize the extent/breadth, range, and nature of evidence in research related to COVID-19 vaccines. Based on the research questions we have developed by ours, a comprehensive search will be performed in Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and WanFang databases by two independent reviewers. According to our predefined inclusion criteria, pairs of reviewers will independently assess the eligibility of identified studies from the databases. Following literature selection, pairs of reviewers will extract relevant information related to our research questions. The methodological quality and reporting quality of key evidence types (i.e., randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses) will be evaluated using commonly used tools, if possible. Qualitative synthesis and descriptive statistics will be used to summarize and present the results. In addition, new or updated meta-analysis will be conducted to pool the data available in included primary studies where possible. To track the trends in COVID-19 vaccines research, we plan to update our results every 2~3 months. Preparation of this scoping review protocol referred to PRISMA-P checklist, and the reporting of the following full-text will be using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.Discussion: We believe the results of this scoping review on COVID-19 vaccine will contribute to provide foundational knowledge, and have significant value for the research and practice of COVID-19 vaccines. The findings will also allow us to identify research gaps on this topic and help to guide the future research of COVID-19 vaccines well.","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126194397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.12032/TMER202007190701
Xiaodi Lu, Chunxue Ji, Fuhao Qiao
{"title":"Expression of human adrenomedullin gene in gastric adenocarcinoma and construction and identification of adrenomedullin overexpression vector and adrenomedullin-shRNA vector","authors":"Xiaodi Lu, Chunxue Ji, Fuhao Qiao","doi":"10.12032/TMER202007190701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12032/TMER202007190701","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115604039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.12032/TMER202007200702
Jin-feng Liu
{"title":"The effects of vitamin D and its receptor on tumor","authors":"Jin-feng Liu","doi":"10.12032/TMER202007200702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12032/TMER202007200702","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121536149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.12032/TMER202007250704
Xin-hua Zhao, Dongxing Zhang, Songyan Liu
{"title":"Target gene prediction and functional analysis of miRNAs differently expressed in colon cancer primary tumors to metastases formed in the liver","authors":"Xin-hua Zhao, Dongxing Zhang, Songyan Liu","doi":"10.12032/TMER202007250704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12032/TMER202007250704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122447884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research progress of triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Jin-feng Liu","doi":"10.12032/TMER201900014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12032/TMER201900014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":313849,"journal":{"name":"Microenvironment and Microecology Research","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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