Abstract Research background: Ongoing globalization has led companies to operate on foreign markets and in consequence to recognize very different conditions especially in terms of sociocultural factors. The literature review identifies the behavioral patterns in social media (SM) usage determined by national cultures. Purpose: The article presents the relationship between six dimensions of national culture defined by Hofstede and the use of SM in world markets. Research mmethodology: To determine how national culture influences the frequency of use of SM, a study of secondary data was carried out. The percentage of SM users from the Global Digital Yearbook 2019 was used as a dependent variable. The statistical analysis links cultural dimensions with SM use in 44 countries. Results: The study employed polynomial regression, which revealed a significant correlation between long-term orientation, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and the percentage of SM users. However, the research discovered no influence of masculinity, leniency, and power distance. The estimated models also show the income’s strong moderating effect on the analyzed relationship. Novelty: In this study a deeper analysis of the relationship between the dimensions of national cultures and the use of SM was made than in previous studies. It was also shown that it is necessary to introduce moderating factors, which may significantly affect the relationship between the use of SM and some dimensions of culture.
{"title":"Cultural Determinants of Social Media Use in World Markets","authors":"Elżbieta Wąsowicz-Zaborek","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: Ongoing globalization has led companies to operate on foreign markets and in consequence to recognize very different conditions especially in terms of sociocultural factors. The literature review identifies the behavioral patterns in social media (SM) usage determined by national cultures. Purpose: The article presents the relationship between six dimensions of national culture defined by Hofstede and the use of SM in world markets. Research mmethodology: To determine how national culture influences the frequency of use of SM, a study of secondary data was carried out. The percentage of SM users from the Global Digital Yearbook 2019 was used as a dependent variable. The statistical analysis links cultural dimensions with SM use in 44 countries. Results: The study employed polynomial regression, which revealed a significant correlation between long-term orientation, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and the percentage of SM users. However, the research discovered no influence of masculinity, leniency, and power distance. The estimated models also show the income’s strong moderating effect on the analyzed relationship. Novelty: In this study a deeper analysis of the relationship between the dimensions of national cultures and the use of SM was made than in previous studies. It was also shown that it is necessary to introduce moderating factors, which may significantly affect the relationship between the use of SM and some dimensions of culture.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: Currently the degradation of the environment which consumers contribute to is an important problem. Purchase behavior plays a key role as it is associated with the choice of products by consumers who are increasingly taking into account environmentally-friendly criteria. The effective implementation of marketing strategies that take into account the principles of sustainable development is possible under the condition of changes in the behavior of purchasers. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of environmentally-friendly attributes for product purchasers. Research methodology: The research was conducted among 650 Polish consumers. An online survey method was applied. Results: The study confirms that environmentally-friendly attributes do not play a primary role while choosing products. Hedonic, health and economic benefits take place before environmental benefits. For women, eco-friendly attributes were more important when choosing products, while men were more driven by economic and functional benefits. Young people are hedonists guided by taste and aesthetics, and they do not pay much attention to the environmentally-friendly attributes of products. In turn, older respondents are economical and pragmatic buyers for whom energy efficiency and product durability are of particular importance. Novelty: The research adds the value as for understanding the phenomenon of the green purchase gap, especially in developing countries where positive attitudes towards green products are not translated into real purchasing behavior. The research quotes some implication for marketing, especially for marketing communication strategies.
{"title":"Green Marketing: The Environmentally-Friendly Attributes of Products and Decision to Purchase","authors":"L. Witek","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: Currently the degradation of the environment which consumers contribute to is an important problem. Purchase behavior plays a key role as it is associated with the choice of products by consumers who are increasingly taking into account environmentally-friendly criteria. The effective implementation of marketing strategies that take into account the principles of sustainable development is possible under the condition of changes in the behavior of purchasers. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of environmentally-friendly attributes for product purchasers. Research methodology: The research was conducted among 650 Polish consumers. An online survey method was applied. Results: The study confirms that environmentally-friendly attributes do not play a primary role while choosing products. Hedonic, health and economic benefits take place before environmental benefits. For women, eco-friendly attributes were more important when choosing products, while men were more driven by economic and functional benefits. Young people are hedonists guided by taste and aesthetics, and they do not pay much attention to the environmentally-friendly attributes of products. In turn, older respondents are economical and pragmatic buyers for whom energy efficiency and product durability are of particular importance. Novelty: The research adds the value as for understanding the phenomenon of the green purchase gap, especially in developing countries where positive attitudes towards green products are not translated into real purchasing behavior. The research quotes some implication for marketing, especially for marketing communication strategies.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131375735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: Mass valuation is a process in which many properties are valued simultaneously with a uniform approach. An example of a procedure used for mass real estate valuation is the Szczecin Algorithm of Real Estate Mass Appraisal (SAREMA), which can be developed into a multiple regression model. The algorithm is based on a set of drawn representative properties. This set determines, inter alia, the quality of obtained valuations. Purpose: The objective of the study is to verify the hypothesis whether changing the method of sampling representative properties from the originally used simple random sampling to stratified sampling improves the results of the SAREMA econometric variant. Research methodology: The article presents a study that uses two methods of representative properties sampling – simple random sampling and stratified sampling. Errors of the models of valuation created taking into account both methods of sampling and different number of representative properties are compared. A key aspect of the survey is the choice of a better sampling method. Results: The study has shown that stratified sampling improves valuation results and, more specifically, allows for lower root mean square errors. Stratified sampling yielded better results in the initial phase of the study with more observations, but reducing the percentage of strata participating in the draws, despite the increase in RMSE, guaranteed lower errors than the corresponding results based on simple sampling in all variants of the study. Novelty: The article confirms the possibility of improving the results of mass property valuation by changing the scheme of representative properties sampling. The results allowed for the conclusion that stratified sampling is a better way of creating a set of representative properties.
{"title":"Analysis of the Impact of the Type of Sampling of Representative Properties on the Results of Mass Appraisal","authors":"S. Gnat","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: Mass valuation is a process in which many properties are valued simultaneously with a uniform approach. An example of a procedure used for mass real estate valuation is the Szczecin Algorithm of Real Estate Mass Appraisal (SAREMA), which can be developed into a multiple regression model. The algorithm is based on a set of drawn representative properties. This set determines, inter alia, the quality of obtained valuations. Purpose: The objective of the study is to verify the hypothesis whether changing the method of sampling representative properties from the originally used simple random sampling to stratified sampling improves the results of the SAREMA econometric variant. Research methodology: The article presents a study that uses two methods of representative properties sampling – simple random sampling and stratified sampling. Errors of the models of valuation created taking into account both methods of sampling and different number of representative properties are compared. A key aspect of the survey is the choice of a better sampling method. Results: The study has shown that stratified sampling improves valuation results and, more specifically, allows for lower root mean square errors. Stratified sampling yielded better results in the initial phase of the study with more observations, but reducing the percentage of strata participating in the draws, despite the increase in RMSE, guaranteed lower errors than the corresponding results based on simple sampling in all variants of the study. Novelty: The article confirms the possibility of improving the results of mass property valuation by changing the scheme of representative properties sampling. The results allowed for the conclusion that stratified sampling is a better way of creating a set of representative properties.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126603359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: There are numerous interactions between the natural environment and a hotel company. On the one hand, the natural environment affects the hotel; on the other hand, the hotel has a significant impact on the environment. Dynamic changes in the natural environment and their effects on the functioning of hotels make it important to assess the strength and directions and to identify the conditions and consequences of these mutual interactions. Purpose: The paper aims to assess interactions taking place between the natural environment and hotels located in Wroclaw, Poland. Research methodology: The main research method was a diagnostic questionnaire survey. The study was carried out 2017 among the owners or managers of 24 hotels from Wrocław. Chi-squared tests were conducted and Cramer’s V measures of association were calculated. The level of statistical significance was set at ex ante α = 0.05. Results: In the opinion of the highest percentage of respondents, interactions between the natural environment and Wroclaw hotels are of low strength and are neutral. The hotel type was associated with the strength of the environmental impact on the hotel. In the Wrocław hotels that were researched there were significant correlations between the strength of the hotel’s impact on the natural environment, hotel specific location, and quality standard (hotel rating). Novelty: Potential correlations between the strength and directions of interactions between hotels, as well as between the natural environment and organizational and functional characteristics of urban hotels have not been researched before.
{"title":"The Functioning of Urban Hotels in the Natural Environment","authors":"D. Puciato","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: There are numerous interactions between the natural environment and a hotel company. On the one hand, the natural environment affects the hotel; on the other hand, the hotel has a significant impact on the environment. Dynamic changes in the natural environment and their effects on the functioning of hotels make it important to assess the strength and directions and to identify the conditions and consequences of these mutual interactions. Purpose: The paper aims to assess interactions taking place between the natural environment and hotels located in Wroclaw, Poland. Research methodology: The main research method was a diagnostic questionnaire survey. The study was carried out 2017 among the owners or managers of 24 hotels from Wrocław. Chi-squared tests were conducted and Cramer’s V measures of association were calculated. The level of statistical significance was set at ex ante α = 0.05. Results: In the opinion of the highest percentage of respondents, interactions between the natural environment and Wroclaw hotels are of low strength and are neutral. The hotel type was associated with the strength of the environmental impact on the hotel. In the Wrocław hotels that were researched there were significant correlations between the strength of the hotel’s impact on the natural environment, hotel specific location, and quality standard (hotel rating). Novelty: Potential correlations between the strength and directions of interactions between hotels, as well as between the natural environment and organizational and functional characteristics of urban hotels have not been researched before.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123490554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: Recent years have brought a real explosion of new tools and methods of conducting market activities based on new technologies. Solutions based on new technologies carry great development potential for an organization. There is a belief that new technologies – in particular, programmatic buying (analyzed in this article) – also impact an organization’s ability to compete. Programmatic buying (PB) is a tool but also a new model of sales and purchase of advertising, under which the current package approach (traditional) has been replaced by a fully automated individualized approach. Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the impact of technology on an organization’s ability to compete with the example of PB. Research methodology: The empirical basis is both qualitative and quantitative research conducted in 2018–2019. Results: The empirical material provides the basis for rejecting the main research hypothesis which claims that the usage of PB increases the effectiveness and efficiency of advertising and thanks to this on a companies’ ability to compete. PB has a positive impact only on the effectiveness and efficiency of graphic ads. The same relation was not observed in terms of video ads. Nevertheless the results are not clear. It is recommended to deepen the analysis. Novelty: Due to the fact that programmatic buying is a relatively new technologic solution there is no research that proves its impact on the marketing activities efficiency as well as its role in building the competitive advantage of a company, especially on the Polish or European market. This research starts the discussion of the role of PB in companies’ market activities and fits in the dispute of the significance of new technologies.
{"title":"The Role of Technology in Building a Competitive Advantage – Programmatic Buying and Its Impact on the Competitiveness of an Organization","authors":"Robert Kozielski, Nikodem Sarna","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: Recent years have brought a real explosion of new tools and methods of conducting market activities based on new technologies. Solutions based on new technologies carry great development potential for an organization. There is a belief that new technologies – in particular, programmatic buying (analyzed in this article) – also impact an organization’s ability to compete. Programmatic buying (PB) is a tool but also a new model of sales and purchase of advertising, under which the current package approach (traditional) has been replaced by a fully automated individualized approach. Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the impact of technology on an organization’s ability to compete with the example of PB. Research methodology: The empirical basis is both qualitative and quantitative research conducted in 2018–2019. Results: The empirical material provides the basis for rejecting the main research hypothesis which claims that the usage of PB increases the effectiveness and efficiency of advertising and thanks to this on a companies’ ability to compete. PB has a positive impact only on the effectiveness and efficiency of graphic ads. The same relation was not observed in terms of video ads. Nevertheless the results are not clear. It is recommended to deepen the analysis. Novelty: Due to the fact that programmatic buying is a relatively new technologic solution there is no research that proves its impact on the marketing activities efficiency as well as its role in building the competitive advantage of a company, especially on the Polish or European market. This research starts the discussion of the role of PB in companies’ market activities and fits in the dispute of the significance of new technologies.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122347872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: Foreign aid flows to Africa mostly the Low-Income Countries (LICs) have increased drastically since 2000. Increasing aid flows are expected to stimulate economic growth that can release resources towards enabling LICs to reduce aid dependency. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to discuss the dynamics of bilateral aid trends and patterns among 27 LICs in Africa during 2000–2017. The main question this study tries to answer is: how have aid sources, compositions and dependency changed in LICs? Research methodology: The study employs a descriptive analysis technique to analyses bilateral aid flows to LICs in Africa from 50 donors during 2000–2017. Results: Total net aid flows to LICs increased by 1.5 times during 2000–2017 and were predominantly in the form of grants (92.7%). The study found a shift of sectoral aid allocations from the economic and productive sectors towards the social sector. Net aid as a share of GDP increased almost two-fold; implying an increasing trend of aid dependency in several LICs. Novelty: This study tries to present a full account of bilateral aid flows both from Traditional Donors (TDs) and Non-Traditional Donors (NTDs), unlike many earlier studies that have focused on TDs.
{"title":"The Dynamics of Foreign Aid Trends and Patterns Among Low- Income Countries in Africa","authors":"M. Tefera, N. Odhiambo","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: Foreign aid flows to Africa mostly the Low-Income Countries (LICs) have increased drastically since 2000. Increasing aid flows are expected to stimulate economic growth that can release resources towards enabling LICs to reduce aid dependency. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to discuss the dynamics of bilateral aid trends and patterns among 27 LICs in Africa during 2000–2017. The main question this study tries to answer is: how have aid sources, compositions and dependency changed in LICs? Research methodology: The study employs a descriptive analysis technique to analyses bilateral aid flows to LICs in Africa from 50 donors during 2000–2017. Results: Total net aid flows to LICs increased by 1.5 times during 2000–2017 and were predominantly in the form of grants (92.7%). The study found a shift of sectoral aid allocations from the economic and productive sectors towards the social sector. Net aid as a share of GDP increased almost two-fold; implying an increasing trend of aid dependency in several LICs. Novelty: This study tries to present a full account of bilateral aid flows both from Traditional Donors (TDs) and Non-Traditional Donors (NTDs), unlike many earlier studies that have focused on TDs.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115200953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: In the contemporary world, innovations are the driving force of economic development and new products, designs, trademarks and creative projects are of key importance to everyday economic decisions. Both economic theories and empirical research concern relations between innovations and foreign trade. This article belongs to this research trend and is devoted to an analysis of relations between innovations and export competitiveness in selected Central and Eastern European countries. Purpose: The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Research methodology: The paper contains an analysis with the use of standardised innovation competitiveness and export competitiveness indices. Countries and industry sectors are analysed in terms of the frequency of occurrence of these indices with various combinations of their signs. The impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness has been tested using dynamic models of panel data. Results: The conducted research indicates that technological advantage usually has a considerable positive impact on the trade competitiveness of Central and Eastern European countries but the strength of the impact depends on the branch of industry. Generally, the influence of technological competitiveness on trade competitiveness is stronger in highly and moderately technologically advanced industries than in industries characterised by low technological advancement. Novelty: The evaluation of the influence of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in Central and Eastern European countries using standardised competitiveness indices and a dynamic model of panel data is an added value in the paper.
{"title":"Proposed Research on the Relationships Between Innovation Competitiveness and Export Competitiveness in Central and Eastern European Countries","authors":"M. Salamaga","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: In the contemporary world, innovations are the driving force of economic development and new products, designs, trademarks and creative projects are of key importance to everyday economic decisions. Both economic theories and empirical research concern relations between innovations and foreign trade. This article belongs to this research trend and is devoted to an analysis of relations between innovations and export competitiveness in selected Central and Eastern European countries. Purpose: The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Research methodology: The paper contains an analysis with the use of standardised innovation competitiveness and export competitiveness indices. Countries and industry sectors are analysed in terms of the frequency of occurrence of these indices with various combinations of their signs. The impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness has been tested using dynamic models of panel data. Results: The conducted research indicates that technological advantage usually has a considerable positive impact on the trade competitiveness of Central and Eastern European countries but the strength of the impact depends on the branch of industry. Generally, the influence of technological competitiveness on trade competitiveness is stronger in highly and moderately technologically advanced industries than in industries characterised by low technological advancement. Novelty: The evaluation of the influence of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in Central and Eastern European countries using standardised competitiveness indices and a dynamic model of panel data is an added value in the paper.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"491 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123562648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research Background: This article compares the private and public sector by the quality of interpersonal relationships between employees. Available publications indicate some differences in this quality between each of these sectors. However, there are no comprehensive empirical studies in this area. Purpose: The author set two objectives: 1) to identify possible differences in the interpersonal relationships at work between the private and public sector, 2) to evaluate the quality of interpersonal relationships at work in the private and public sector in Poland. Research methodology: To achieve the objectives the author used the results of a survey conducted in 2018 on a sample of 1,336 active workers in Poland. Results: An analysis of the results made it possible to achieve both objectives. It has been confirmed that the quality of interpersonal relationships at work differ between the private and public sector (the quality was higher in the private sector). The Author also evaluated the quality of interpersonal relationships at work in the private and public sector in Poland. Novelty: The presented research results are novel, because it has been confirmed, that the quality of interpersonal relationships at work differ between the private and public sector.
{"title":"The Quality of Interpersonal Relationships at Work. A Comparison of the Private and Public Sector in Poland","authors":"D. Szostek","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research Background: This article compares the private and public sector by the quality of interpersonal relationships between employees. Available publications indicate some differences in this quality between each of these sectors. However, there are no comprehensive empirical studies in this area. Purpose: The author set two objectives: 1) to identify possible differences in the interpersonal relationships at work between the private and public sector, 2) to evaluate the quality of interpersonal relationships at work in the private and public sector in Poland. Research methodology: To achieve the objectives the author used the results of a survey conducted in 2018 on a sample of 1,336 active workers in Poland. Results: An analysis of the results made it possible to achieve both objectives. It has been confirmed that the quality of interpersonal relationships at work differ between the private and public sector (the quality was higher in the private sector). The Author also evaluated the quality of interpersonal relationships at work in the private and public sector in Poland. Novelty: The presented research results are novel, because it has been confirmed, that the quality of interpersonal relationships at work differ between the private and public sector.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124162370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: The paper focuses on value co-creation and co-destruction during online consumption. The current understanding of the concept of value is based on the premise that value emerges from interactions leading to exchange among multiple actors, including customers and companies. This implies the active role of all participants and leads to diversified outcomes, both positive (value co-creation) and negative (value co-destruction). The phenomenon of value co-destruction is studied in the context of online consumption, which is particularly suitable as it allows for consumer proactivity and participation in the process of exchange. Purpose: The first purpose of the study is the conceptualization and operationalization of value co-creation and co-destruction. The second aim is to estimate the frequency of activities that can be conceptualized as various dimensions of online value co-creation/co-destruction. Research methodology: The empirical part presents the results of an exploratory study based on a survey (PAPI) conducted on a sample of 212 university students. Results: The main findings suggest that although young people regularly practice online consumption, they tend to behave in a rather passive manner and their value co-creation/co-destruction behaviours are limited to mostly price and promotion related activities. Novelty: Value co-destruction is a recent and understudied phenomenon. This paper proposes a conceptualization and operationalization of a value co-destruction concept.
{"title":"Value Co-Creation and Value Co-Destruction – A Case of Online Consumption","authors":"K. Dziewanowska, Agnieszka Kacprzak","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: The paper focuses on value co-creation and co-destruction during online consumption. The current understanding of the concept of value is based on the premise that value emerges from interactions leading to exchange among multiple actors, including customers and companies. This implies the active role of all participants and leads to diversified outcomes, both positive (value co-creation) and negative (value co-destruction). The phenomenon of value co-destruction is studied in the context of online consumption, which is particularly suitable as it allows for consumer proactivity and participation in the process of exchange. Purpose: The first purpose of the study is the conceptualization and operationalization of value co-creation and co-destruction. The second aim is to estimate the frequency of activities that can be conceptualized as various dimensions of online value co-creation/co-destruction. Research methodology: The empirical part presents the results of an exploratory study based on a survey (PAPI) conducted on a sample of 212 university students. Results: The main findings suggest that although young people regularly practice online consumption, they tend to behave in a rather passive manner and their value co-creation/co-destruction behaviours are limited to mostly price and promotion related activities. Novelty: Value co-destruction is a recent and understudied phenomenon. This paper proposes a conceptualization and operationalization of a value co-destruction concept.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127274862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Research background: As food markets continue to develop the role and position of food consumers evolve as well. Food producers redefine their market strategies and focus on creating loyalty, building good contacts and consumers’ engagement towards brands. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the engagement of consumers towards selected food brands in the category of dairy desserts. Research methodology: The paper was prepared and based on the data collected in the survey among 200 respondents. The research subjects were consumers who declared the consumption of milk based desserts and the object of analyses was consumers’ brand engagement considered at the behavioral level. Results: Consumers with the opportunity to interact with a brand increase their propensity to recommend, which is a necessary condition for creating a reference market. As for the smaller companies, gaining sales growth through distribution and promotional activities may be difficult due to budget constraints, actions aimed at creating a reference market may be more effective. Novelty: Although the issue of consumer engagement is an important area of scientific work, there is less interest in this field in the context of food markets. This paper provides additional knowledge about the context of food market products, which should be continued in further research. Based on our results, marketing strategies, mainly for a SME’s, can be developed.
{"title":"Consumers Engagement Toward Food Brands – The Case of Dairy Products","authors":"Michał Gazdecki, E. Goryńska-Goldmann","doi":"10.2478/foli-2020-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foli-2020-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research background: As food markets continue to develop the role and position of food consumers evolve as well. Food producers redefine their market strategies and focus on creating loyalty, building good contacts and consumers’ engagement towards brands. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the engagement of consumers towards selected food brands in the category of dairy desserts. Research methodology: The paper was prepared and based on the data collected in the survey among 200 respondents. The research subjects were consumers who declared the consumption of milk based desserts and the object of analyses was consumers’ brand engagement considered at the behavioral level. Results: Consumers with the opportunity to interact with a brand increase their propensity to recommend, which is a necessary condition for creating a reference market. As for the smaller companies, gaining sales growth through distribution and promotional activities may be difficult due to budget constraints, actions aimed at creating a reference market may be more effective. Novelty: Although the issue of consumer engagement is an important area of scientific work, there is less interest in this field in the context of food markets. This paper provides additional knowledge about the context of food market products, which should be continued in further research. Based on our results, marketing strategies, mainly for a SME’s, can be developed.","PeriodicalId":314664,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125548712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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