Hyung-Seung Nam, Dong-Min Park, Seok-kyu Cho, S. Hong
Recently, as the offshore structures are operated in the deep-sea oil fields, interest in the analysis of relative wave elevation around platforms is increased. In this study, it is examined how the analysis results differ depending on the characteristics of the wave probe when interpreting the relative wave elevation in the model test. First, by conducting the wave probe comparison experiment in the two-dimensional wave tank, it is confirmed how the measured values differ according to the type of wave probe for the same physical phenomenon. Two types of wave probe are selected, the resistance type and the capacitance type, and the causes of the difference in measured values is studied. After that, the model test of the semi-submersible platform is conducted to investigate the relative wave elevation. Relative wave elevation is measured with the wave probes used in the wave probe comparison experiment and analyzed to estimate the asymmetric factor and the extreme upwell. The results between the two types of wave probes are compared, and qualitative study for the cause of the difference is conducted by photographing the physical phenomenon using a high-speed camera. Through the above study, it is confirmed that the capacitance type wave probe shows a larger measured value than the resistance type under the breaking-wave condition, and the same results are obtained for the asymmetric factor and the extreme upwell. These results is thought to be due to the difference in the measurement principle between wave probes, which is whether or not they measured water bubbles. This implies that the model test should be conducted using appropriate wave probes by considering the physical phenomenon to be analyzed. Received 1 December 2021, revised 16 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Dong-Min, Park: +82-42-866-3949, dmpark@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
近年来，随着海洋结构在深海油田的应用，人们对平台周围相对波高程的分析越来越感兴趣。在本研究中，研究了在解释模型试验中的相对波高程时，分析结果如何取决于波探头的特性。首先，通过在二维波槽中进行波探对比实验，确定对同一物理现象，不同类型的波探测量值有何不同。选择了电阻型和电容型两种波探头，并对测量值差异的原因进行了研究。然后，对半潜式平台进行了模型试验，研究了相对波高程。用波探对比实验中使用的波探测量相对波高程，并对其进行分析，估计不对称因素和极值上升井。对两种波探头的测量结果进行了比较，并利用高速摄像机对物理现象进行了拍摄，对造成差异的原因进行了定性研究。通过上述研究，证实了电容型波探头在破波条件下比电阻型波探头的测量值更大，对于不对称因素和极端上井也得到了相同的结果。这些结果被认为是由于波浪探头之间测量原理的差异，即它们是否测量了气泡。这意味着模型试验应考虑到要分析的物理现象，使用合适的波探头进行。2021年12月1日收稿，2021年12月16日修订，2021年12月30日收稿。通讯作者Dong-Min, Park:+82-42-866-3949, dmpark@kriso.re.kr c 2022，韩国海洋工程师学会这是一篇开放获取的文章，根据创作共用归属非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)的条款分发，该许可允许在任何媒介上不受限制的非商业使用、分发和复制，前提是正确引用原创作品。
{"title":"Analysis of Relative Wave Elevation Around Semi-submersible Platform Through Model Test: Focusing on Comparison of Wave Probe Characteristics","authors":"Hyung-Seung Nam, Dong-Min Park, Seok-kyu Cho, S. Hong","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.094","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, as the offshore structures are operated in the deep-sea oil fields, interest in the analysis of relative wave elevation around platforms is increased. In this study, it is examined how the analysis results differ depending on the characteristics of the wave probe when interpreting the relative wave elevation in the model test. First, by conducting the wave probe comparison experiment in the two-dimensional wave tank, it is confirmed how the measured values differ according to the type of wave probe for the same physical phenomenon. Two types of wave probe are selected, the resistance type and the capacitance type, and the causes of the difference in measured values is studied. After that, the model test of the semi-submersible platform is conducted to investigate the relative wave elevation. Relative wave elevation is measured with the wave probes used in the wave probe comparison experiment and analyzed to estimate the asymmetric factor and the extreme upwell. The results between the two types of wave probes are compared, and qualitative study for the cause of the difference is conducted by photographing the physical phenomenon using a high-speed camera. Through the above study, it is confirmed that the capacitance type wave probe shows a larger measured value than the resistance type under the breaking-wave condition, and the same results are obtained for the asymmetric factor and the extreme upwell. These results is thought to be due to the difference in the measurement principle between wave probes, which is whether or not they measured water bubbles. This implies that the model test should be conducted using appropriate wave probes by considering the physical phenomenon to be analyzed. Received 1 December 2021, revised 16 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Dong-Min, Park: +82-42-866-3949, dmpark@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129847232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The available underwater acoustic spectrum is limited. Therefore, it is imperative to avoid frequency interference from overlapping frequencies of underwater acoustic equipment (UAE) for the co-existence of the UAE. Cognitive technology that senses idle spectrum and actively avoids frequency interference is an efficient method to facilitate the collision-free operation of multiple UAE with overlapping frequencies. Cognitive technology is adopted to identify the frequency usage of UAE to apply cognitive technology. To this end, we investigated two principle underwater acoustic sources: UAE and marine animals. The UAE is classified into five types: underwater acoustic modem, acoustic positioning system, multi-beam echo-sounder, side-scan sonar, and sub-bottom profiler. We analyzed the parameters of the frequency band, directivity, range, and depth, which play a critical role in the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technology. Moreover, the frequency band of several marine species was also examined. The mid-frequency band from 10 40 kHz was found to be the busiest. Lastly, this study provides useful insights into the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technologies, where it is essential to avoid interference among the UAE in this mid-frequency band. Received 7 October 2021, revised 5 November 2021, accepted 16 December 2021 Corresponding author Youngchol Choi: +82-42-866-3833, ycchoi@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
可用的水声频谱是有限的。因此，为了水声设备的共存，必须避免水声设备重叠频率的频率干扰。感知空闲频谱并主动避免频率干扰的认知技术是实现多个频率重叠的UAE无碰撞运行的有效方法。采用认知技术识别UAE的使用频率，应用认知技术。为此，我们研究了两种主要的水声来源:阿联酋和海洋动物。阿联酋被分为五种类型:水声调制解调器、水声定位系统、多波束回声测深器、侧扫声纳和水下剖面仪。分析了在水声认知技术设计中起关键作用的频带、指向性、范围和深度等参数。此外，还研究了几种海洋物种的频带。10 - 40千赫的中频波段是最繁忙的。最后，本研究为水声认知技术的设计提供了有用的见解，在这种情况下，避免阿联酋在中频波段之间的干扰至关重要。通讯作者Youngchol Choi: +82-42-866-3833, ycchoi@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers这是一篇开放获取的文章，根据创作共用归属非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)的条款分发，允许不受限制的非商业使用，分发，以及在任何媒介上复制，只要原始作品被适当引用。
{"title":"Survey of Acoustic Frequency Use for Underwater Acoustic Cognitive Technology","authors":"A-ra Cho, Youngchol Choi, Changho Yun","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.073","url":null,"abstract":"The available underwater acoustic spectrum is limited. Therefore, it is imperative to avoid frequency interference from overlapping frequencies of underwater acoustic equipment (UAE) for the co-existence of the UAE. Cognitive technology that senses idle spectrum and actively avoids frequency interference is an efficient method to facilitate the collision-free operation of multiple UAE with overlapping frequencies. Cognitive technology is adopted to identify the frequency usage of UAE to apply cognitive technology. To this end, we investigated two principle underwater acoustic sources: UAE and marine animals. The UAE is classified into five types: underwater acoustic modem, acoustic positioning system, multi-beam echo-sounder, side-scan sonar, and sub-bottom profiler. We analyzed the parameters of the frequency band, directivity, range, and depth, which play a critical role in the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technology. Moreover, the frequency band of several marine species was also examined. The mid-frequency band from 10 40 kHz was found to be the busiest. Lastly, this study provides useful insights into the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technologies, where it is essential to avoid interference among the UAE in this mid-frequency band. Received 7 October 2021, revised 5 November 2021, accepted 16 December 2021 Corresponding author Youngchol Choi: +82-42-866-3833, ycchoi@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126783734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Underwater optical images face various limitations that degrade the image quality compared with optical images taken in our atmosphere. Attenuation according to the wavelength of light and reflection by very small floating objects cause low contrast, blurry clarity, and color degradation in underwater images. We constructed an image data of the Korean sea and enhanced it by learning the characteristics of underwater images using the deep learning techniques of CycleGAN (cycle-consistent adversarial network), UGAN (underwater GAN), FUnIE-GAN (fast underwater image enhancement GAN). In addition, the underwater optical image was enhanced using the image processing technique of Image Fusion. For a quantitative performance comparison, UIQM (underwater image quality measure), which evaluates the performance of the enhancement in terms of colorfulness, sharpness, and contrast, and UCIQE (underwater color image quality evaluation), which evaluates the performance in terms of chroma, luminance, and saturation were calculated. For 100 underwater images taken in Korean seas, the average UIQMs of CycleGAN, UGAN, and FUnIE-GAN were 3.91, 3.42, and 2.66, respectively, and the average UCIQEs were measured to be 29.9, 26.77, and 22.88, respectively. The average UIQM and UCIQE of Image Fusion were 3.63 and 23.59, respectively. CycleGAN and UGAN qualitatively and quantitatively improved the image quality in various underwater environments, and FUnIE-GAN had performance differences depending on the underwater environment. Image Fusion showed good performance in terms of color correction and sharpness enhancement. It is expected that this method can be used for monitoring underwater works and the autonomous operation of unmanned vehicles by improving the visibility of underwater situations more accurately. Received 6 December 2021, revised 21 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Soo Mee Kim: +82-51-664-3041, smeekim@kiost.ac.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
与在大气中拍摄的光学图像相比，水下光学图像面临着各种降低图像质量的限制。根据光的波长和非常小的漂浮物反射的衰减导致水下图像对比度低，清晰度模糊和颜色退化。我们构建了一个朝鲜海的图像数据，并通过使用循环一致对抗网络(CycleGAN)、UGAN(水下GAN)、FUnIE-GAN(快速水下图像增强GAN)的深度学习技术学习水下图像的特征来增强它。此外，利用图像融合的图像处理技术对水下光学图像进行增强。为了进行定量性能比较，我们计算了从色彩、清晰度和对比度方面评价增强性能的UIQM(水下图像质量度量)和从色度、亮度和饱和度方面评价增强性能的UCIQE(水下彩色图像质量评价)。在韩国海域拍摄的100张水下照片中，CycleGAN、UGAN、FUnIE-GAN的平均UIQMs分别为3.91、3.42、2.66，平均ucqes分别为29.9、26.77、22.88。图像融合的平均UIQM和UCIQE分别为3.63和23.59。CycleGAN和UGAN定性和定量地提高了各种水下环境下的图像质量，FUnIE-GAN根据水下环境的不同存在性能差异。图像融合在色彩校正和锐度增强方面表现出良好的性能。期望该方法可以通过更准确地提高水下情况的可视性，用于水下工程的监控和无人驾驶车辆的自主操作。通讯作者Soo Mee Kim: +82-51-664-3041, smeekim@kiost.ac.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers这是一篇开放获取的文章，根据创作共用归属非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)的条款分发，该许可允许不受限制的非商业使用，分发和在任何媒介上复制，只要原始作品被适当引用。
{"title":"Comparison of GAN Deep Learning Methods for Underwater Optical Image Enhancement","authors":"Hong-Gi Kim, Jung-min Seo, S. Kim","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.095","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater optical images face various limitations that degrade the image quality compared with optical images taken in our atmosphere. Attenuation according to the wavelength of light and reflection by very small floating objects cause low contrast, blurry clarity, and color degradation in underwater images. We constructed an image data of the Korean sea and enhanced it by learning the characteristics of underwater images using the deep learning techniques of CycleGAN (cycle-consistent adversarial network), UGAN (underwater GAN), FUnIE-GAN (fast underwater image enhancement GAN). In addition, the underwater optical image was enhanced using the image processing technique of Image Fusion. For a quantitative performance comparison, UIQM (underwater image quality measure), which evaluates the performance of the enhancement in terms of colorfulness, sharpness, and contrast, and UCIQE (underwater color image quality evaluation), which evaluates the performance in terms of chroma, luminance, and saturation were calculated. For 100 underwater images taken in Korean seas, the average UIQMs of CycleGAN, UGAN, and FUnIE-GAN were 3.91, 3.42, and 2.66, respectively, and the average UCIQEs were measured to be 29.9, 26.77, and 22.88, respectively. The average UIQM and UCIQE of Image Fusion were 3.63 and 23.59, respectively. CycleGAN and UGAN qualitatively and quantitatively improved the image quality in various underwater environments, and FUnIE-GAN had performance differences depending on the underwater environment. Image Fusion showed good performance in terms of color correction and sharpness enhancement. It is expected that this method can be used for monitoring underwater works and the autonomous operation of unmanned vehicles by improving the visibility of underwater situations more accurately. Received 6 December 2021, revised 21 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Soo Mee Kim: +82-51-664-3041, smeekim@kiost.ac.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132881840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae-Sang Jung, Young-guk Lee, Min-guk Seo, I. Park, Jin-ha Kim, Dongchun Kang
The deep ocean engineering basin (DOEB) of the Korea Research Institute of Ship and Ocean Engineering (KRISO) is equipped with an extreme-environment reproduction facility that can analyze the motion characteristics of offshore structures and ships. In recent years, there have been requirements for a wide range of six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion measurements for performing maneuvering tests and free-running tests of target objects (offshore structures or ships). This study introduces the process of developing a wide-area motion measurement technology by incorporating the auto-tracking technology of the towing carriage system to overcome the existing 6-DOF motion measurement limitation. To realize a wide range of motion measurements, the automatic tracking control system of the towing carriage in the DOEB was designed as a speed control method. To verify the control performance, the characteristics of the towing carriage according to the variation in control gain were analyzed. Finally, a wide range of motions was tested using a model test object (a remotely operated vehicle (ROV)), and the wide-area motion measurement technology was implemented using an automatic tracking control system for a towing carriage. Received 3 August 2021, revised 29 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Jae-sang Jung: +82-51-604-7830, jsjung@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
韩国船舶海洋工程研究院(KRISO)的深海工程盆地(DOEB)配备了可以分析海洋结构物和船舶运动特性的极端环境再现设备。近年来，为进行目标物体(海上结构或船舶)的机动试验和自由运行试验，对六自由度(6-DOF)运动测量提出了广泛的要求。本研究介绍了结合拖曳系统的自动跟踪技术开发广域运动测量技术的过程，以克服现有的6自由度运动测量限制。为了实现大范围的运动测量，设计了DOEB拖曳车自动跟踪控制系统作为一种速度控制方法。为了验证控制性能，分析了拖曳车随控制增益变化的特性。最后，使用模型测试对象(远程操作车辆(ROV))测试了大范围的运动，并使用拖曳车的自动跟踪控制系统实现了广域运动测量技术。通讯作者Jae-sang Jung: +82-51-604-7830, jsjung@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers这是一篇开放获取的文章，根据创作共用归属非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)的条款发布，允许不受限制的非商业使用，分发，以及在任何媒介上复制，只要原始作品被适当引用。
{"title":"Study on Extension of the 6-DOF Measurement Area for a Model Ship by Developing Auto-tracking Technology for Towing Carriage in Deep Ocean Engineering Tank","authors":"Jae-Sang Jung, Young-guk Lee, Min-guk Seo, I. Park, Jin-ha Kim, Dongchun Kang","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.066","url":null,"abstract":"The deep ocean engineering basin (DOEB) of the Korea Research Institute of Ship and Ocean Engineering (KRISO) is equipped with an extreme-environment reproduction facility that can analyze the motion characteristics of offshore structures and ships. In recent years, there have been requirements for a wide range of six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion measurements for performing maneuvering tests and free-running tests of target objects (offshore structures or ships). This study introduces the process of developing a wide-area motion measurement technology by incorporating the auto-tracking technology of the towing carriage system to overcome the existing 6-DOF motion measurement limitation. To realize a wide range of motion measurements, the automatic tracking control system of the towing carriage in the DOEB was designed as a speed control method. To verify the control performance, the characteristics of the towing carriage according to the variation in control gain were analyzed. Finally, a wide range of motions was tested using a model test object (a remotely operated vehicle (ROV)), and the wide-area motion measurement technology was implemented using an automatic tracking control system for a towing carriage. Received 3 August 2021, revised 29 December 2021, accepted 30 December 2021 Corresponding author Jae-sang Jung: +82-51-604-7830, jsjung@kriso.re.kr c 2022, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122056224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jongyeong Kim, B. Kang, Yongju Kwon, Seung-Bok Lee, Soonchul Kwon
Overcrowding of high-rise buildings in urban zones change the airflow pattern in the surrounding areas. This causes building wind, which adversely affects the wind environment. Building wind can generate more serious social damage under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons. In this study, to analyze the wind speed and wind speed ratio quantitatively, we installed five anemometers in Haeundae, where high-rise buildings are dense, and conducted on-site monitoring in the event of typhoon OMAIS to determine the characteristics of wind over skyscraper towers surround the other buildings. At point M-2, where the strongest wind speed was measured, the maximum average wind speed in 1 min was observed to be 28.99 m/s, which was 1.7 times stronger than that at the ocean observatory, of 17.0 m/s, at the same time. Furthermore, when the wind speed at the ocean observatory was 8.2 m/s, a strong wind speed of 24 m/s was blowing at point M-2, and the wind speed ratio compared to that at the ocean observatory was 2.92. It is judged that winds 2–3 times stronger than those at the surrounding areas can be induced under certain conditions due to the building wind effect. To verify the degree of wind speed, we introduced the Beaufort wind scale. The Beaufort numbers of wind speed data for the ocean observatory were mostly distributed from 2 to 6, and the maximum value was 8; however, for the observation point, values from 9 to 11 were observed. Through this study, it was possible to determine the characteristics of the wind environment in the area around high-rise buildings due to the building wind effect.
{"title":"A Review on the Building Wind Impact through On-site Monitoring in Haeundae Marine City: 2021 12th Typhoon OMAIS Case Study","authors":"Jongyeong Kim, B. Kang, Yongju Kwon, Seung-Bok Lee, Soonchul Kwon","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.079","url":null,"abstract":"Overcrowding of high-rise buildings in urban zones change the airflow pattern in the surrounding areas. This causes building wind, which adversely affects the wind environment. Building wind can generate more serious social damage under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons. In this study, to analyze the wind speed and wind speed ratio quantitatively, we installed five anemometers in Haeundae, where high-rise buildings are dense, and conducted on-site monitoring in the event of typhoon OMAIS to determine the characteristics of wind over skyscraper towers surround the other buildings. At point M-2, where the strongest wind speed was measured, the maximum average wind speed in 1 min was observed to be 28.99 m/s, which was 1.7 times stronger than that at the ocean observatory, of 17.0 m/s, at the same time. Furthermore, when the wind speed at the ocean observatory was 8.2 m/s, a strong wind speed of 24 m/s was blowing at point M-2, and the wind speed ratio compared to that at the ocean observatory was 2.92. It is judged that winds 2–3 times stronger than those at the surrounding areas can be induced under certain conditions due to the building wind effect. To verify the degree of wind speed, we introduced the Beaufort wind scale. The Beaufort numbers of wind speed data for the ocean observatory were mostly distributed from 2 to 6, and the maximum value was 8; however, for the observation point, values from 9 to 11 were observed. Through this study, it was possible to determine the characteristics of the wind environment in the area around high-rise buildings due to the building wind effect.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"21 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133825567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tae-Gyeong Hwang, Gyeong-Seon Yeom, Min-Young Seo, Changmin Lee, Woo-Dong Lee
2006;
2006;
{"title":"Impact of the Thruster Jet Flow of Ultra-large Container Ships on the Stability of Quay Walls","authors":"Tae-Gyeong Hwang, Gyeong-Seon Yeom, Min-Young Seo, Changmin Lee, Woo-Dong Lee","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.067","url":null,"abstract":"2006;","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114226954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyeong-Jin Kim, Taewan Kim, Nam-Hum Kim, Do-Kyun Kim, Yongju Kang, S. Kim
In this study, three types of synthetic fiber materials were evaluated, namely, DM20, SK78, and T147, to replace steel chains in shipbuilding and offshore fields with fiber chains as there is increasing demand for chains with lighter weights and improved usabilities. The strength and quasi-static stiffness were analyzed to select suitable yarns for the fiber chains. The durability of the yarn was evaluated by performing a 3-T (time to rupture) test as a specific tension level. The results of the experiment revealed excellent dynamic stiffness in DM20 and highest values of the windward and leeward stiffness in T147. 3-T linear design characteristic curves for a specific tension level were derived for the three types of fiber materials. The findings of this study can provide insights for improving strength and durability in fiber chain design. Received 5 October 2021, revised 11 November 2021, accepted 15 November 2021 Corresponding author Seonjin Kim: +82-51-629-6163, sjkim@pknu.ac.kr c 2021, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
在本研究中，我们评估了DM20、SK78和T147三种合成纤维材料在造船和海洋领域用纤维链代替钢链，因为人们对重量更轻、可用性更高的链的需求越来越大。对纤维链的强度和准静刚度进行了分析，以选择合适的纤维链纱线。纱线的耐久性是通过在特定张力水平下进行3-T(断裂时间)测试来评估的。实验结果表明，DM20的动刚度优异，T147的迎风和背风刚度最高。导出了三种纤维材料在特定张力水平下的3-T线性设计特性曲线。研究结果可为提高纤维链的强度和耐久性设计提供参考。通讯作者Seonjin Kim: +82-51-629-6163, sjkim@pknu.ac.kr c 2021, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers这是一篇开放获取的文章，根据创作共用归属非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)的条款分发，允许不受限制的非商业使用，分发，以及在任何媒介上复制，只要原始作品被适当引用。
{"title":"Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Fiber Yarns for Developing Synthetic Fiber Chains","authors":"Kyeong-Jin Kim, Taewan Kim, Nam-Hum Kim, Do-Kyun Kim, Yongju Kang, S. Kim","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.072","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, three types of synthetic fiber materials were evaluated, namely, DM20, SK78, and T147, to replace steel chains in shipbuilding and offshore fields with fiber chains as there is increasing demand for chains with lighter weights and improved usabilities. The strength and quasi-static stiffness were analyzed to select suitable yarns for the fiber chains. The durability of the yarn was evaluated by performing a 3-T (time to rupture) test as a specific tension level. The results of the experiment revealed excellent dynamic stiffness in DM20 and highest values of the windward and leeward stiffness in T147. 3-T linear design characteristic curves for a specific tension level were derived for the three types of fiber materials. The findings of this study can provide insights for improving strength and durability in fiber chain design. Received 5 October 2021, revised 11 November 2021, accepted 15 November 2021 Corresponding author Seonjin Kim: +82-51-629-6163, sjkim@pknu.ac.kr c 2021, The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution non-commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131002710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Ha Kim, Jae-Sang Jung, Seok-Won Hong, C. Lee, Yong Guk Lee, I. Park, In-Haeng Song
: To build an environment facility of a large-scale ocean basin, various detailed reviews are required, but it is difficult to find data that introduces the related research or construction processes on the environment facility. The current generator facility for offshore structure safety evaluation tests should be implemented by rotating the water of the basin. However, when the water in the large basin rotates, relatively large flow irregularities may occur and the uniformity may not be adequate. In this paper, design and review were conducted to satisfy the performance goals of the DOEB through computational numerical analysis on the shape of the waterway and the flow straightening devices to form the current in the large tank. Based on this, the head loss, which decreases the flow rate when the large tank water rotates through the water channel, was estimated and used as the pump capacity (impeller) design data. The impeller of the DOEB current generator was designed through computational numerical analysis (CFD) based on the lift surface theory from the axial-type impeller shape for satisfying the head loss of the waterway and maximum current velocity. In order to confirm the performance of the designed impeller system, the flow rate and flow velocity performance were checked through factory test operation. And, after installing DOEB, the current flow rate and velocity performance were reviewed compare with the original design target values. Finally, by measuring the current velocity of the test area in DOEB formed through the current generator, the spatial current distribution characteristics in the test area were analyzed. Through the analysis of the current distribution characteristics of the DOEB test area, it was confirmed that the realization of the maximum current velocity and the average flow velocity distribution, the main performance goals in the waterway design process, were satisfied.
{"title":"A Study on Current Characteristics Based on Design and Performance Test of Current Generator of KRISO's Deep Ocean Engineering Basin","authors":"Jin Ha Kim, Jae-Sang Jung, Seok-Won Hong, C. Lee, Yong Guk Lee, I. Park, In-Haeng Song","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.065","url":null,"abstract":": To build an environment facility of a large-scale ocean basin, various detailed reviews are required, but it is difficult to find data that introduces the related research or construction processes on the environment facility. The current generator facility for offshore structure safety evaluation tests should be implemented by rotating the water of the basin. However, when the water in the large basin rotates, relatively large flow irregularities may occur and the uniformity may not be adequate. In this paper, design and review were conducted to satisfy the performance goals of the DOEB through computational numerical analysis on the shape of the waterway and the flow straightening devices to form the current in the large tank. Based on this, the head loss, which decreases the flow rate when the large tank water rotates through the water channel, was estimated and used as the pump capacity (impeller) design data. The impeller of the DOEB current generator was designed through computational numerical analysis (CFD) based on the lift surface theory from the axial-type impeller shape for satisfying the head loss of the waterway and maximum current velocity. In order to confirm the performance of the designed impeller system, the flow rate and flow velocity performance were checked through factory test operation. And, after installing DOEB, the current flow rate and velocity performance were reviewed compare with the original design target values. Finally, by measuring the current velocity of the test area in DOEB formed through the current generator, the spatial current distribution characteristics in the test area were analyzed. Through the analysis of the current distribution characteristics of the DOEB test area, it was confirmed that the realization of the maximum current velocity and the average flow velocity distribution, the main performance goals in the waterway design process, were satisfied.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"5 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132176062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: As greenhouse gas emissions from maritime transport are increasing, the International Maritime Organization is continuously working to strengthen emission regulations. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel is less advantageous as a point of CO 2 reduction due to the methane leakage that occurs during the bunkering and operation of marine engines. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions from an LNG-fueled ship were analyzed from the perspective of the life cycle. The amount ofmethane emission during the bunkering and operation procedures with various boil-off gas (BOG) treatment methods and gas engine specifications was analyzed by dynamic simulation. The results were also compared with those of other liquid fuel engines. As a result, small LNG-fueled ships without a BOG treatment facility emitted 32% more greenhouse gas than ships utilizing marine gas oil or heavy fuel oil. To achieve a greenhouse gas reduction via a BOG treatmen t method, a gas combustion unit or re-liquefaction system must be mounted, which results in a greenhouse gas reduction effect of about 25% and 30%. As a result of comparing the amount of greenhouse gas generated according to the BOG treatment method used with each tank size from the perspective of the operating cycle with the amounts from using existing marine fuels, the BOG treatment method showed superior effects of greenhouse gas reduction.
{"title":"Greenhouse Gas Emission Analysis by LNG Fuel Tank Size through Life Cycle","authors":"Eunyoung Park, J. Choi","doi":"10.26748/ksoe.2021.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2021.071","url":null,"abstract":": As greenhouse gas emissions from maritime transport are increasing, the International Maritime Organization is continuously working to strengthen emission regulations. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel is less advantageous as a point of CO 2 reduction due to the methane leakage that occurs during the bunkering and operation of marine engines. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions from an LNG-fueled ship were analyzed from the perspective of the life cycle. The amount ofmethane emission during the bunkering and operation procedures with various boil-off gas (BOG) treatment methods and gas engine specifications was analyzed by dynamic simulation. The results were also compared with those of other liquid fuel engines. As a result, small LNG-fueled ships without a BOG treatment facility emitted 32% more greenhouse gas than ships utilizing marine gas oil or heavy fuel oil. To achieve a greenhouse gas reduction via a BOG treatmen t method, a gas combustion unit or re-liquefaction system must be mounted, which results in a greenhouse gas reduction effect of about 25% and 30%. As a result of comparing the amount of greenhouse gas generated according to the BOG treatment method used with each tank size from the perspective of the operating cycle with the amounts from using existing marine fuels, the BOG treatment method showed superior effects of greenhouse gas reduction.","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114080831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prospects and Economics of Offshore Wind Turbine Systems","authors":"T. Pham, S. Im, J. Choung","doi":"10.26748/KSOE.2021.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26748/KSOE.2021.061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114629065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：