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THE COMPLEXITY PARADIGM: TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS AND PROBLEMS 复杂性范式:走向分析社会系统和社会问题的模型
Pub Date : 2021-12-26 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210702031p
Artur Parreira, Ana Lorga Silva
The article proposes the complexity paradigm as an innovative reasoning for analyzing problems in behavioral sciences. It begins to explain the contributions of the major authors of the complex reasoning paradigm: Gödel, Prigogine and Morin. They offer the basis to a model of analysis and assessment of complex systems and problems (ACSIP Model). The four postulates of the Model are explained, emphasizing the principal hypothesis of the Model – the level of cognitive operations is the most important factor of complexity of a system; then to understand it, the cognitive level of analysis must be at minimum equal to that of the system or the problem under analysis. In the second part the article, an illustrative application of the ACSIP Model is applied to the analysis of the SDG 9 from the UN 20/30 agenda, showing the analysis of a complex problem, guided by the complexity reasoning model. Following that, an empirical research is presented, to verify the hypothesis underlying the fourth postulate of the model. The results confirm the hypothesis: the use of information by a group is inversely proportional to the use of power (authority).  These results allow us to conclude that the complex reasoning paradigm is a promising tool to obtain synergic results in the scientific analysis and resolution of concrete social problems and to face the complex challenges brought by artificial intelligence systems.
本文提出了复杂性范式作为分析行为科学问题的一种创新推理方法。它开始解释复杂推理范式的主要作者的贡献:Gödel, Prigogine和Morin。它们为复杂系统和问题的分析和评估模型(ACSIP模型)提供了基础。解释了模型的四个假设,强调了模型的主要假设——认知操作水平是系统复杂性的最重要因素;然后,为了理解它,分析的认知水平必须至少等于所分析的系统或问题的认知水平。在文章的第二部分,将ACSIP模型应用于分析联合国20/30议程中的可持续发展目标9,展示了在复杂性推理模型的指导下对一个复杂问题的分析。随后,提出了一项实证研究,以验证模型第四个假设的假设。研究结果证实了一个假设:一个群体对信息的使用与权力(权威)的使用成反比。这些结果使我们得出结论,复杂推理范式是在科学分析和解决具体社会问题以及面对人工智能系统带来的复杂挑战时获得协同结果的有希望的工具。
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引用次数: 0
FLOOD RISK VULNERABILITY VISUALIZATION FOR SUSTAINABLE RISK MANAGEMENT - THE CASE OF SERBIA 可持续风险管理的洪水风险脆弱性可视化——以塞尔维亚为例
Pub Date : 2021-12-26 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210817034s
Jovica M. Stankovic, Z. Tomić, M. Gocić
The main objective of this study is to visualize the flood risk vulnerability of municipalities in the Republic of Serbia through mapping and spatial analysis of precipitation data and data related to the losses. GIS tools enable spatial analysis and visualization of historical data on losses combined with temporal and geo-spatial distribution of precipitation, and QGIS tool was used for visualization of precipitation data and data on damages caused by floods and flash floods. As a result of these analyses, areas with potential high risks of losses are detected, which enables undertaking appropriate steps and measures in order to minimize future losses.
本研究的主要目的是通过对降水数据和与损失相关的数据进行制图和空间分析,可视化塞尔维亚共和国各城市的洪水风险脆弱性。GIS工具结合降水时空分布对历史损失数据进行空间分析和可视化,利用QGIS工具对降水数据和洪涝灾害数据进行可视化。通过这些分析,可以发现潜在的高损失风险地区,从而能够采取适当的步骤和措施,以尽量减少未来的损失。
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引用次数: 0
INTANGIBLE ASSETS IMPACT ON SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE OF ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA 无形资产对塞尔维亚共和国企业可持续增长率的影响
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210617027r
Amer Rastić, T. Stevanović, L. Antic
The digital economy unites a dual typology of resources in enterprises, which can be tangible and intangible. In the language of accounting, it is about tangible and intangible assets. Due to the involvement of digital technologies in companies, intangible assets or intellectual capital became prominent. The sustainable growth of companies in Serbia has great importance for both management and external stakeholders. The presented paper examines the impact of intangible assets, formatted with the VAIC model, on the Sustainable growth rate (SGR) of companies in Serbia. The selected list of companies refers to the most profitable industry sector of the Serbian economy, assessed according to the Serbian Business Registers Agency for 2018. In order to confirm the hypothesis, the synthesis method, the analysis method, and the correlation analysis method were used. There was a significant positive impact of intangible assets on the sustainable growth rate of enterprises and a negative impact of physical assets, which, however, is not statistically significant. Since no research has been recorded in our country that sheds light on the correspondence between intangible assets and SGR, the study has a strong practical significance for this purpose. These results represent at the same time a reference point for our economy and for future entrepreneurs on the way to intensive involvement of intangible assets in companies.
数字经济统一了企业资源的双重类型,可以是有形的,也可以是无形的。用会计的语言来说,它是关于有形资产和无形资产的。由于数字技术在公司的参与,无形资产或智力资本变得突出。塞尔维亚公司的可持续增长对管理层和外部利益相关者都非常重要。本文考察了无形资产对塞尔维亚公司可持续增长率(SGR)的影响,并采用VAIC模型进行了格式化。根据2018年塞尔维亚商业登记局的评估,选定的公司名单是塞尔维亚经济中最赚钱的行业。为了验证假设,采用了综合方法、分析方法和相关分析方法。无形资产对企业可持续增长率有显著的正向影响,有形资产对企业可持续增长率有显著的负向影响,但在统计上不显著。由于目前国内还没有关于无形资产与SGR之间对应关系的研究,因此本研究具有很强的现实意义。这些结果同时为我们的经济和未来的企业家在公司无形资产密集参与的道路上提供了一个参考点。
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引用次数: 1
SUSTAINABLE FINANCE AND BANKING: A CHALLENGE FOR REGULATORS AND A RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 可持续金融和银行业:对监管机构和风险管理体系的挑战
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210609024j
Mirjana Jemović, Jelena Radojičić
The key position of banks in the financial sector, as well as their indisputable role in financing economic development, have conditioned the need to consider their impact on the environment. The implementation of the concept of sustainability in banking has conditioned the transformation of banks in the direction of their greater corporate eco-efficiency and the development of banking products and services that contribute to sustainable development. Sustainable finance for banks is a source of new opportunities, but on the other hand, banks are more and more concerned about their exposure to environmental risk. Recognizing the impact of environmental risks on banks’ operations, central banks and supervisors are taking a number of initiatives to reduce the negative impact of these risks on banks’ operations, and, thus, financial stability. The paper aims to point out the challenges that sustainable banking has posed to regulators and the risk management system
银行在金融部门的关键地位,以及它们在为经济发展提供资金方面无可争辩的作用,决定了有必要考虑它们对环境的影响。可持续性概念在银行业的实施已经制约了银行向更高的企业生态效率和开发有助于可持续发展的银行产品和服务的方向转变。可持续融资对银行来说是新机遇的来源,但另一方面,银行越来越关注自身面临的环境风险。认识到环境风险对银行业务的影响,中央银行和监管机构正在采取一系列举措,以减少这些风险对银行业务的负面影响,从而减少金融稳定。本文旨在指出可持续银行对监管机构和风险管理系统构成的挑战
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引用次数: 1
VALUE-BASED MANAGEMENT, LONG TERM SUSTAINABILITY AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 基于价值的管理,长期可持续性和企业社会责任
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210618025m
Dejan Malinić
Today’s companies, especially large multinationals, are supposed to be financially successful in accordance with the shareholders’ expectations, to operate in compliance with the requirements of sustainable development, taking into account the interests of future generations, as well as to act in a socially responsible manner, serving the interests of key stakeholders, including the interests of the community. In such circumstances, managers are expected to create enough value to satisfy all these interests. The adoption of Value-Based Management (VBM) approach has contributed to a better understanding of shareholders and managers and the alignment of their interests. In this paper, we analyze the compatibility of VBM with the requirements of other stakeholders, including the requirements regarding sustainability and corporate social responsibility. In this context, it could be said that a broader concept of VBM further enhances the interest-based logic behind the corporations’ functioning, but at the same time it enables the integration of the requirements related to sustainability and corporate social responsibility.
今天的公司,特别是大型跨国公司,应该按照股东的期望在财务上取得成功,按照可持续发展的要求经营,考虑子孙后代的利益,并以对社会负责的方式行事,服务于主要利益相关者的利益,包括社区的利益。在这种情况下,管理者被期望创造足够的价值来满足所有这些利益。基于价值的管理(VBM)方法的采用有助于更好地理解股东和管理者以及他们的利益的一致性。在本文中,我们分析了VBM与其他利益相关者要求的兼容性,包括可持续性和企业社会责任的要求。在这种背景下,可以说,一个更广泛的VBM概念进一步增强了企业运作背后的基于利益的逻辑,但与此同时,它使与可持续性和企业社会责任相关的要求得以整合。
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引用次数: 0
THE PANDEMIC WAVES’ IMPACT ON ROMANIAN E-MARKET: A NON-LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL 疫情对罗马尼亚电子市场的影响:非线性回归模型
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210730028b
C. Boldea, B. Boldea
The SARS-COV2 pandemic had a strong impact on the Romanian and European e-Market, manifested by the explosive increase in online sales, especially at the beginning of the two waves of epidemic, in spring and autumn. Using a statistical regressive analysis of monthly change in the volume of online sales in Romania, we propose a non-linear regression model of growth of this commercial sector that take into account the economic and socials effects of the three pandemic waves in 2020-2021, combining logistic equations of growth with attenuated quasi-periodical variations of market. The model allows a prediction of the overall behavior of online buyers for 2021 and 2022, similar to last year, but with annual growth peaks slightly less pronounced than in 2020.
新冠肺炎疫情对罗马尼亚和欧洲电子市场产生了强烈影响,网上销售额呈爆炸式增长,特别是在春季和秋季两波疫情开始时。通过对罗马尼亚在线销售额月度变化的统计回归分析,我们提出了该商业部门增长的非线性回归模型,该模型考虑了2020-2021年三次大流行浪潮的经济和社会影响,并将增长的逻辑方程与市场的衰减准周期性变化相结合。该模型可以预测2021年和2022年在线买家的整体行为,与去年类似,但年增长率峰值略低于2020年。
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引用次数: 2
MOVING FROM NON-FINANCIAL TO SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING: ANALYZING THE EU COMMISSION’S PROPOSAL FOR A CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING DIRECTIVE (CSRD) 从非财务报告到可持续发展报告:分析欧盟委员会关于企业可持续发展报告指令的建议(csrd)
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210817026b
Josef Baumüller, Stefan Otto Grbenic
Non-financial reporting as established through the NFRD (2014/95/EU) has become a core element of the EU Commission’s ambitions to transform the European economy towards more sustainability. To address the increased criticism which meets the current reporting requirements, the EU Commission initiated the development of a new set of European Sustainability Reporting Standards, followed by issuing the proposal for a new directive to supersede the NFRD. This paper analyzed these proposals in the light of previous findings from academia and corporate practice, contributing to an ex-ante impact assessment. As a result, it shows that improving completeness, comparability and reliability are the two main goals of the EU Commission. However, many of the new proposed requirements are excessive and raise fundamental questions concerning acceptable levels of administrative burden for companies as well as necessary conceptual fundaments for a reporting framework.
通过NFRD (2014/95/EU)建立的非财务报告已成为欧盟委员会将欧洲经济转变为更具可持续性的雄心壮志的核心要素。为了应对越来越多的批评,满足当前的报告要求,欧盟委员会开始制定一套新的欧洲可持续发展报告标准,随后发布了一项新指令的建议,以取代NFRD。本文根据学术界和企业实践的研究结果分析了这些建议,并对其进行了事前影响评估。结果表明,提高完整性、可比性和可靠性是欧盟委员会的两个主要目标。然而,许多新的拟议要求是过度的,并提出了有关公司可接受的行政负担水平以及报告框架的必要概念基础的根本问题。
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引用次数: 9
BANKS' CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DISCLOSURE AND THEIR ROLE IN THE BETTERMENT OF SOCIETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA 北马其顿共和国银行的企业社会责任披露及其在社会改善中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210628023t
Marina Trpeska, Todor Tocev, Ivan Dionisijev, Bojan Malcev
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is of great importance for companies and other stakeholders, which obliges the companies to establish a way of management that will simultaneously take care of the environmental, social, and ethical aspects of factors. If corporate responsibility is the guiding factor for companies, they can easily gain a competitive advantage over others. This paper researches how the banks in the Republic of North Macedonia report on CSR and in what report format CSR data is published. The research is based on the method of content analysis and statistical analysis to determine whether the size and profit of banks affect the CSR Reporting. The sample included in the research is 14 banks that the National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia has granted a license to operate. The results of this research show that the size of banks has a positive effect on CSR reporting, while on the other hand, profit does not affect it.
企业社会责任(CSR)对公司和其他利益相关者来说非常重要,它要求公司建立一种管理方式,同时照顾到环境,社会和道德方面的因素。如果企业责任是企业的指导因素,他们可以很容易地获得竞争优势。本文研究了北马其顿共和国的银行如何报告企业社会责任以及企业社会责任数据以何种报告格式发布。本研究采用内容分析和统计分析的方法来确定银行的规模和利润是否影响企业社会责任报告。该研究的样本是北马其顿共和国国家银行(National Bank of The Republic of North Macedonia)授予经营许可证的14家银行。研究结果表明,银行规模对企业社会责任报告有正向影响,而利润对企业社会责任报告没有影响。
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引用次数: 2
INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE QUALITY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT 欧盟国家的保险发展与生活质量。实证评估
Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210616022c
M. Cristea, G. Noja, D. Drăgoi, Leontina Codruţa Andriţoiu
The connection between insurance and economic development has been intensively addressed in the literature, but a comprehensive analysis including the  dimensions of human capital/quality of life has been less considered. The general objective of this research is to assess the degree of development of the insurance sector in the interplay with the representative dimensions of quality of life, at the level of the European Union (EU) Member States (MS), and to propose strategies for narrowing the gap between countries. The data encloses representative indicators that reveal the size of the insurance market, on the one hand, and the dimensions of quality of life, on the other hand, at the level of 2019. The research methodology consists of cluster analysis with the Ward method. The main results reveal that, at the level of all EU-27 Member States, the size of the insurance market is interconnected with the quality of life, with significant differences between them, developing countries having modest results compared to developed countries. Thereby, specific strategies and policies for these groups of countries are paramount, in order to enhance the wellbeing by insurance services and coverage.
保险与经济发展之间的联系在文献中得到了深入的探讨,但包括人力资本/生活质量在内的全面分析却很少得到考虑。本研究的总体目标是在欧盟(EU)成员国(MS)的层面上评估保险业在与生活质量的代表性维度相互作用中的发展程度,并提出缩小国家之间差距的策略。数据中包含的代表性指标一方面显示了2019年保险市场的规模,另一方面显示了生活质量的各个方面。研究方法采用沃德法进行聚类分析。主要结果表明,在所有欧盟27个成员国的水平上,保险市场的规模与生活质量是相互关联的,它们之间存在显著差异,发展中国家与发达国家相比结果一般。因此,针对这些国家群体的具体战略和政策至关重要,以便通过保险服务和覆盖范围提高福祉。
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引用次数: 1
INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK AND PRIVATE LIFE OF EMPLOYEES - CONFLICT OR BALANCE? 员工工作与私人生活的关系——冲突还是平衡?
Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.22190/fueo210505021m
M. Mladenović, B. Krstić
Contemporary companies consider work-life balance a crucial topic. Higher work pressure, longer working hours and more families with both working parents have made balancing work and private life even more difficult. The paper addresses this interrelation and highlights two research questions regarding the type of relationship (positive or negative) that exists between work and private life of employees. These questions are answered based on the analysis of various previously conducted empirical research studies. Findings reveal both negative and positive interrelationship between employees' work and private life. The contributions and conclusions of this paper can be extremely relevant for a company to comprehend how important the creation of work-life balance initiatives is for increasing job satisfaction of its managers and other employees, as well as for developing the reputation of a desirable employer.
现代公司认为工作与生活的平衡是一个至关重要的话题。更大的工作压力、更长的工作时间以及更多父母都是上班族的家庭使得平衡工作和私人生活变得更加困难。本文解决了这种相互关系,并强调了关于员工工作和私人生活之间存在的关系类型(积极或消极)的两个研究问题。这些问题的答案是基于对以往进行的各种实证研究的分析。调查结果显示,员工的工作与私人生活之间既有负向关系,也有正向关系。本文的贡献和结论对于公司理解工作与生活平衡倡议的创建对于提高其经理和其他员工的工作满意度以及发展理想雇主的声誉是多么重要,是非常相关的。
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引用次数: 1
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Facta Universitatis Series Economics and Organization
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