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Mixed-integer Programming Formulation for Constrained Double-row Layout Problem 约束双行布局问题的混合整数规划公式
Silu Liu, Xinjun He, Chao Guan, Juhua Gong, Zeqiang Zhang
The double-row layout problem (DRLP) is a well-known optimization problem that generally deals with the arrangement of machines or other such entities on the two sides along a corridor. Based on the placement of the machinery and equipment in a factory, this study analyzes the DRLP from a new perspective that addresses the arrangement of the given machines subject to the condition that certain designated positions are allocated to certain machines and specific relationships are enforced among the machines. This DRLP is termed as a constrained DRLP (cDRLP). In this study, considering the practical applications, four variations of the cDRLP have been developed for the first time and solved. Additionally, to solve this problem, some constraints (positioning, ordering, and relation constraints) have been defined and classified. Furthermore, mathematical models have been built with the objective of minimizing the total material handling cost. Next, the CPLEX software has been adopted to solve the above variations. Finally, a series of numerical instances have been employed to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed models and obtain the exact results.
双排布局问题(DRLP)是一个众所周知的优化问题,通常处理沿走廊两侧的机器或其他此类实体的排列。本研究以工厂内机器设备的布置为基础,从一个新的角度分析了DRLP问题,即在特定的位置分配给特定的机器,并在机器之间强制执行特定的关系的情况下,对给定机器的布置进行了分析。这种DRLP称为约束DRLP (cDRLP)。在本研究中,考虑到实际应用,首次开发并解决了cDRLP的四种变体。此外,为了解决这个问题,还定义和分类了一些约束(定位、排序和关系约束)。在此基础上,建立了以物料搬运总成本最小为目标的数学模型。接下来,采用CPLEX软件对上述变化进行求解。最后,通过一系列数值算例对所提模型的有效性进行了评价,得到了准确的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Computing a Realistic Load Collective for the Rail-wheel Contact of Stacker Cranes 堆垛起重机轨道-车轮接触的真实载荷集合计算
Mathias Maximilian Laile, J. Fottner
State-of-the art design methods for the rail-wheel system of stacker cranes do not use realistic load collectives. Therefore, these design methods regularly lead to inaccurate results. The BS EN 13001-3-3 addresses this issue by introducing a more realistic load collective, represented by the contact force spectrum parameter, which considers the rail-wheel contact forces of stacker cranes’ entire life cycles. However, due to its complexity the contact force spectrum parameter is difficult to compute in practice. This paper introduces a simulation model for the computation of the contact force spectrum parameter. Moreover, it is shown that by simulating a limited number of stacker cranes’ working cycles, a representative result is obtained. Hence, with the results of this paper it is possible to compute a realistic load collective with the purpose of designing the rail-wheel systems of stacker cranes accordingly.
现有的堆垛起重机轨道-车轮系统设计方法没有采用实际载荷集合。因此,这些设计方法经常导致不准确的结果。BS EN 13001-3-3通过引入一个更真实的载荷集合来解决这个问题,该集合由接触力谱参数表示,它考虑了垛机整个生命周期的轨道-车轮接触力。但由于接触力谱参数的复杂性,在实际应用中难以计算。本文介绍了一种计算接触力谱参数的仿真模型。此外,通过模拟有限数量的堆垛机的工作周期,得到了具有代表性的结果。因此,利用本文的结果可以计算出一个实际的荷载集合,并据此设计堆垛起重机的轨道-车轮系统。
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引用次数: 0
Applications of Vibration-Assisted Machining Devices and a Proposed Developed Design 振动辅助加工装置的应用及建议的开发设计
Engy Osama Rashed, Ahmed Hassan Abd El-Malek, Mohab Mohamed Hossam
Nowadays, the precise miniaturized products are increasingly in demand for various industries. Many applications need to be manufactured from hard and brittle materials which are difficult to be machined by conventional and nonconventional methods. Therefore, many researchers applied vibration on the tool or the workpiece in the machining operations by applying certain frequency and amplitude of vibration, which is called Vibration-Assisted Machining. It was found that applying vibration on the machining process leads to improve the cutting performance. Generally, vibration was applied in different techniques using various designs in machining processes to improve the performance of the machines. Each design had its own advantages. However, there are some deficiencies for applying them. Therefore, this paper presents a review of different techniques and devices used to apply the vibration-assisted machining on different processes including turning, drilling, grinding, and milling. In addition, the pros and cons for such techniques and devices are summarized. Finally, a proposed design is presented as an improvement for the vibration-assisted process and to provide valuable benefits for the industry to overcome the limitations facing the manufacturers during applying such vibrated technique.
如今,各种行业对精密小型化产品的需求越来越大。许多应用需要用硬脆材料制造,这些材料很难用常规和非常规方法加工。因此,许多研究者在加工操作中通过施加一定频率和振幅的振动来对刀具或工件施加振动,称为振动辅助加工。结果表明,在加工过程中施加振动可以改善切削性能。通常,振动被应用于不同的技术,在加工过程中使用不同的设计来提高机器的性能。每种设计都有自己的优点。但是,在实际应用中也存在一些不足。因此,本文介绍了用于将振动辅助加工应用于不同工艺的不同技术和设备,包括车削、钻孔、磨削和铣削。此外,还总结了这些技术和设备的优缺点。最后,提出了一种改进振动辅助工艺的建议设计,并为工业克服制造商在应用这种振动技术时面临的局限性提供了宝贵的利益。
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引用次数: 1
Research and Design of the Stacker Medical Stores Using Finite Element Method 堆垛式医疗库的有限元研究与设计
Olga O. Baryshnikova
In this paper, discusses the design features of the stacker crane, which is the main working body of automated systems for sorting and storage of various cargoes. The research of durability, vibrations and sustainability of its metal structures by well-known package modeling and finite element analysis of MSC/NASTRAN is considered. Evaluation of stress-strain state of stacker crane, focused on creating full finite element models and a variety of types of calculations: linear and nonlinear crushing, research on sustainability, calculate natural oscillation forms and natural oscillation frequencies, the implementation of dynamic frequency and thermal analysis of structures, optimization of its parameters. By results of researches recommendations been given on improving the design of stacker crane.
本文论述了堆垛机的设计特点,堆垛机是各种货物分拣和仓储自动化系统的主体。通过MSC/NASTRAN的知名封装建模和有限元分析来研究其金属结构的耐久性、振动和可持续性。对堆垛起重机的应力-应变状态进行评价,重点建立全有限元模型和多种类型的计算:线性和非线性破碎,可持续性研究,计算自振形式和自振频率,实施结构的动频和热分析,优化其参数。根据研究结果,提出了改进堆垛起重机设计的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Building Information Modelling and Life Cycle Assessment: Towards a Framework for Workflow 建筑信息建模与生命周期评估的集成:一个工作流框架
J. Huang, Han Lin, Ruidong Chang, Shuming Huang
The building sector has high environmental impacts such as significant energy consumption and waste generation, which demands the development of tools to assess and reduce the impacts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) enables the quantification of the environmental impacts but also faces difficulties of detailed information acquisition. The application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) offers the possibility to simplify and optimize the LCA process on account of the abundant data stored in the 3D building model. Therefore, the BIM-LCA integration has a high potential. This paper aims to propose a holistic workflow framework of BIM and LCA based on the qualitative content analysis. The framework links four steps of the traditional LCA process, namely Goal and Scope, Life Cycle Inventory, Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Interpretations, with three components of the BIM process, namely Pre- BIM, Modelling and Collaborations, and Results Collection and Visualization, to streamline the BIM-LCA integration. Challenges and future research directions within the integration process are explored as well in this research.
建筑行业对环境的影响很大,如大量的能源消耗和废物产生,这就要求开发工具来评估和减少影响。生命周期评价(LCA)能够量化环境影响,但也面临着获取详细信息的困难。建筑信息模型(BIM)的应用为简化和优化LCA过程提供了可能,因为三维建筑模型中存储着丰富的数据。因此,BIM-LCA集成具有很高的潜力。本文旨在在定性内容分析的基础上,提出BIM与LCA的整体工作流程框架。该框架将传统LCA流程的四个步骤(即目标和范围、生命周期清单、生命周期影响评估和解释)与BIM流程的三个组成部分(即Pre- BIM、建模和协作以及结果收集和可视化)联系起来,以简化BIM-LCA集成。本研究还探讨了整合过程中面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Planning Design for Geostationary Rendezvous Passive Safety with Solar Radiation Pressure 考虑太阳辐射压力的地球同步交会被动安全鲁棒规划设计
Dali Zhang, Hongwei Xia, Jize Chen, Changhong Wang
Optimal rendezvous trajectory design has always been a subject of great attention in the aerospace field, but the practical uncertainties have not been considered proposed by many current researches. In this study, a robust trajectory planning method for geostationary orbit (GEO) rendezvous is proposed by considering the uncertainties. As the prerequisite of optimal design, relative orbit dynamics considering the influence of solar radiation pressure (SRP) is analytically solved. The state uncertainties is derived, and the final rendezvous errors are obtained, which is defined as performance indices together with the total speed increase. Then a multi-objective optimization model is established. While considering passive safety, the constraints including pulse interval, final time, and maximum thrust limit are studied to examine the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed scheme. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to solve the optimal solution set. Simulation results show that the method can obtain a feasible rendezvous trajectory that satisfies the state constraints while considering practical uncertainties.
交会轨迹优化设计一直是航天领域关注的热点问题,但目前许多研究并未考虑交会轨迹的实际不确定性。本文提出了一种考虑不确定性的地球静止轨道交会鲁棒轨迹规划方法。作为优化设计的前提,分析求解了考虑太阳辐射压力影响的相对轨道动力学问题。导出了状态不确定性,得到了最终交会误差,并将交会误差定义为性能指标和总速度增量。然后建立了多目标优化模型。在考虑被动安全性的同时,研究了脉冲间隔、最终时间和最大推力限制等约束条件,验证了所提方案的有效性和可行性。采用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)求解最优解集。仿真结果表明,该方法能够在考虑实际不确定性的情况下获得满足状态约束的可行交会轨迹。
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引用次数: 0
Operational Implementation of Digital Production Twins in Single and Small Batch Production 单批量和小批量生产中数字化生产孪生体的操作实现
G. Schuh, C. Kelzenberg, J. Helbig, Christopher Frey
The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-19 and the subsequent production shutdowns have shown that many manufacturing companies within the single and small batch production are not able to react and adapt quickly to the circumstances of minimum physical contact and shifting customer demands. In the age of digitization, this flexibility can be achieved by the intelligent interlinkage of systems and production resources, which enables the recording and processing of data to virtual images of all physical production processes. These virtual images are known as digital production twins and can be accessed by anyone at anytime and anywhere. Due to data-based optimization, this allows for a higher degree of flexibility regarding unexpected events as well as a higher performance and efficiency of production processes. In order to achieve these objectives, this paper focusses on the operational implementation of digital production twins within companies of single and small batch production. The implementation procedure is vividly described by the use case of a change request received by a company during final assembly.
最近的SARS-CoV-19爆发和随后的停产表明,许多单批量和小批量生产的制造企业无法对最小物理接触和客户需求变化的情况做出反应和快速适应。在数字化时代,这种灵活性可以通过系统和生产资源的智能互联来实现,使所有物理生产过程的数据记录和处理成为虚拟图像。这些虚拟图像被称为数字生产双胞胎,任何人都可以随时随地访问。由于基于数据的优化,这允许对意外事件具有更高程度的灵活性,以及更高的生产过程性能和效率。为了实现这些目标,本文重点研究了单批量和小批量生产公司中数字生产双胞胎的操作实施。公司在最终组装期间收到的变更请求用例生动地描述了实现过程。
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引用次数: 0
A Binary Integer Programming Formulation and Solution for Truck Appointment Scheduling and Reducing Truck Turnaround Time in Container Terminals 集装箱码头货车预约调度与减少货车周转时间的二进制整数规划公式与求解
Ahmed M. Abdelmagid, Mohamed S. Gheith, Amr B. Eltawil
The truck scheduling problem in container terminals has become quite challenging due to the continuous growth of the world seaborne trade. Proper planning of the arrival of trucks to the terminal gate is necessary to limit truck congestion, not only inside the terminal but also in the surrounding area. One of the methodologies that are implemented to manage the chaotic arrival of trucks is the implementation of a Truck Appointment System (TAS). A TAS fosters the endeavors of solving the random arrival of trucks that causes higher truck densities, long possible turnaround times and excess penalties. In this paper, an integer programming model is formulated to minimize the truck turnaround time manifested by the total delay of the trucks arriving in the terminal to pick up/deliver containers from/to the terminal. Various scenarios are investigated, and the obtained results show that the TAS reduces the delay of the trucks and the turnaround time. According to the inputs of the scenarios, the tardiness per truck ranges from 0 to 3.5 hours. All the scenarios were solved in less than one seconds.
随着世界海运贸易的不断增长,集装箱码头的卡车调度问题变得非常具有挑战性。对卡车到达航站楼大门进行适当的规划是必要的,以限制卡车拥堵,不仅在航站楼内,而且在周边地区。卡车预约系统(TAS)是管理卡车到达混乱的方法之一。TAS鼓励努力解决随机到达的卡车,导致更高的卡车密度,较长的周转时间和超额罚款。本文建立了一个整数规划模型,使货车周转时间以货车到达码头取箱/运出/运出集装箱的总延误时间为最优。实验结果表明,该系统有效地减少了货车的延误,缩短了周转时间。根据场景输入,每辆卡车的延误时间范围为0 ~ 3.5小时。所有的场景都在不到一秒的时间内解决了。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of Game Publishers and Study on the Player Preference Based on the Data from 1980 to 2020 in Video Game Market 基于1980 - 2020年电子游戏市场数据的游戏发行商评价与玩家偏好研究
Xiaohan Zhang
This paper investigates the video game market from 1980 to 2020, through the visualization of data processing, and weighed calculation, analysis, focusing on the game players' preferences in different regions, and the evaluation of the top five game publishers in sales. The results show that there is little difference in game genre preferences between players in different regions, with Action, Sports and Shooting games generally very popular; North American players are the most likely to spend money on games, followed by users in Europe. Nintendo's games were the most welcomed in the market, while Sony Computer Entertainment received the highest score. In the part of discussion, the reasons why the players in different regions buy different types of games have been analyzed. There may be cultural differences, as well as differences in the games produced by major local game companies, that lead to players preferring different genre of games in different regions. And the reason why the same game in different regions of the sales gap is large, may include regional economic factors and cultural factors.
本文以1980年至2020年的电子游戏市场为研究对象,通过对数据进行可视化处理,并进行加权计算、分析,重点分析了不同地区游戏玩家的偏好,并对销量排名前五的游戏发行商进行了评价。结果显示,不同地区玩家对游戏类型的偏好差异不大,动作类、运动类和射击类游戏普遍受欢迎;北美玩家最有可能在游戏中花钱,其次是欧洲用户。任天堂的游戏在市场上最受欢迎,而索尼电脑娱乐公司获得了最高分。在讨论部分,分析了不同地区的玩家购买不同类型游戏的原因。可能存在文化差异,以及当地主要游戏公司制作的游戏的差异,导致不同地区的玩家更喜欢不同类型的游戏。而同一款游戏在不同地区的销售差距之所以大,可能包括地区经济因素和文化因素。
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引用次数: 0
A Random Restart Local Search Matheuristic for the Flying Sidekick Traveling Salesman Problem 飞伙伴旅行商问题的随机重新启动局部搜索数学
M. dell’Amico, R. Montemanni, Stefano Novellani
Drones and unmanned vehicles in general are gaining more and more interest in the logistic sector, due to the potential economic advantages they can provide. In this paper we focus on optimizing the use of a drone in conjunction with a truck for urban deliveries, dealing with what is called the flying sidekick traveling salesman problem. There is a set of customers that it is possible to serve either by a truck or by a drone. The target is to minimize the total time required to complete deliveries to all the customers. In this paper we show how an effective and simple random restart local search heuristic algorithm can be derived from a known mixed integer programming model for the problem.
由于无人机和无人驾驶车辆可以提供潜在的经济优势,它们在物流领域越来越受到关注。在本文中,我们将重点放在优化无人机与卡车在城市配送中的使用上,处理所谓的飞行伙伴旅行推销员问题。有一组客户可以通过卡车或无人机来服务。我们的目标是尽量减少完成向所有客户交付所需的总时间。本文从已知的混合整数规划模型出发,给出了一种有效且简单的随机重启局部搜索启发式算法。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 2021 8th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (Europe)
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