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2017 23rd International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)最新文献

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A numerical investigation of the effect of ambient conditions on natural convection cooling of electronics 环境条件对电子设备自然对流冷却影响的数值研究
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233845
P. S. Nasirabadi, J. Hattel
Thermal management is a serious concern in electronic industry. It is important to understand the effects of ambient conditions on cooling of electronics. In this work, the effect of ambient conditions on the thermophysical properties of humid air is estimated in five cities (Copenhagen, Mashhad, Singapore, Las Vegas and Jakarta). Thereafter, the Nu number is calculated for cooling of an isothermal surface in horizontal and vertical orientations. Comparing the results, shows that Pr number is very slightly affected by ambient conditions; however, Gr is following the temperature changes. Among the investigated cities Singapore and Jakarta, the cities with the higher temperature and moisture concentration had the lowest heat transfer coefficients.
热管理是电子工业的一个重要问题。了解环境条件对电子设备冷却的影响是很重要的。在这项工作中,环境条件对五个城市(哥本哈根、马什哈德、新加坡、拉斯维加斯和雅加达)潮湿空气热物理性质的影响进行了估计。然后,计算等温表面在水平和垂直方向上的冷却Nu数。结果表明,环境条件对Pr值的影响很小;然而,Gr是跟随温度变化的。在调查城市中,新加坡和雅加达的换热系数最低,而温度和湿度浓度较高的城市换热系数最低。
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引用次数: 0
Connecting MOR-based boundary condition independent compact thermal models 连接基于摩尔边界条件独立的致密热模型
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233810
L. Codecasa, R. Bornoff, James Dyson, V. d’Alessandro, A. Magnani, N. Rinaldi
The inter-connection of MOR-based boundary condition independent compact thermal models of heat diffusion problems and detailed models of heat transfer problems is here shown not to be straightforward and to introduce numerical difficulties. In order to overcome this drawback, a novel definition of MOR-based boundary condition independent compact thermal models is provided, which makes their inter-connection, as straightforward as the inter-connection of Delphi-like compact thermal models. The resulting MOR-based boundary condition independent compact thermal models can be inter-connected to any detailed model of heat transfer problems and/or to any other MOR-based boundary condition independent compact thermal models, without limitations. The approach is verified analysing a Package on Package application.
基于莫尔边界条件的不依赖于热扩散问题的紧凑热模型和传热问题的详细模型的相互联系在这里被证明不是直截了当的,并引入了数值困难。为了克服这一缺点,提出了一种新的基于莫尔边界条件的独立紧致热模型的定义,使它们之间的相互连接与类德尔菲紧致热模型的相互连接一样简单。由此产生的基于莫尔边界条件无关的致密热模型可以与任何传热问题的详细模型和/或任何其他基于莫尔边界条件无关的致密热模型相互连接,没有限制。通过对包应用的分析验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 8
“TIMAwave” an innovative test platform for thermal diffusivity measurements of solid materials at high temperature “timwave”是一个创新的测试平台,用于测量高温下固体材料的热扩散系数
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233848
D. Wargulski, M. A. Ras, D. May, B. Wunderle
Thermal simulations are a powerful tool for the development and design of new electronics to predict their thermal behaviour during operation. To obtain accurate thermal simulations the knowledge of thermal properties of all the materials integrated in electronic devices is essential. Most materials show a decrease of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity with increasing temperatures, which results in a continual worsening of heat dissipation in devices during operation. In this paper, we present the further development of our Ångström's method based measurement system TIMAwave™ to determine thermal diffusivities of solid materials at temperatures between 30 and 200 °C. To prove the functionality of our concept we demonstrate temperature-dependent thermal diffusivity measurements of silver, aluminium and steel, metallic samples with widely different thermal properties as well as measurements of pure and doped silicon, the most common material in electronics.
热模拟是一个强大的工具,为开发和设计新的电子产品,以预测其热行为在运行过程中。为了获得准确的热模拟,了解集成在电子器件中的所有材料的热特性是必不可少的。随着温度的升高,大多数材料的导热系数和热扩散系数都呈下降趋势,这将导致器件在工作过程中的散热问题不断恶化。在本文中,我们介绍了我们Ångström基于方法的测量系统timwave™的进一步发展,以确定30至200°C温度下固体材料的热扩散率。为了证明我们概念的功能,我们展示了银,铝和钢,具有广泛不同热性能的金属样品以及纯硅和掺杂硅(电子产品中最常见的材料)的温度相关热扩散率测量。
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引用次数: 1
Lifetime isoflux control of LED based light sources 基于LED光源的寿命等通量控制
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233816
J. Hegedüs, G. Hantos, A. Poppe
Light output performance of power LEDs is sensitive to the junction temperature and also changes with the elapsed lifetime of the device. A smart control to achieve constant light output of LED based products would be advantageous in many applications such as streetlighting, resulting e.g. in considerable power savings when forward current is reduced when ambient temperatures are lower. Also, continuous compensation of lumen depreciation during product lifetime would improve visual comfort. Both could be made while the aging phenomena of the device are slowing down. This paper introduces a new theory for LED lumen maintenance calculation and a case study with real life data is carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
功率led的光输出性能对结温很敏感,并且随着器件的使用寿命而变化。实现基于LED的产品的恒定光输出的智能控制在许多应用中都是有利的,例如街道照明,例如当环境温度较低时,正向电流减少,从而节省大量功率。同时,在产品生命周期内不断补偿流明衰减,提高视觉舒适度。两者都可以在设备老化现象减缓的同时实现。本文介绍了一种新的LED流明维护计算理论,并用实际数据进行了实例分析,验证了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 6
Thermal conduction in novel isotropic conductive adhesive 新型各向同性导电胶的热传导性能
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233820
H. Kristiansen, K. Redford, S. Helland, Erik Kalland, Nina H. H⊘glund, M. A. Ras, C. Grosse, B. Hay, L. Ramiandrisoa, G. Davée, S. Gomés, S. Pettersen
A novel and low silver content isotropic conductive adhesive (ICA) has been developed and characterised. The conductive particles are based on a silver coated polymer sphere. The thermal properties of the ICAs have been investigated by two different characterisation techniques based on a steady state method and a contactless transient method. Results show that the thermal conductivity is strongly correlated with both volume fraction and silver coating thickness of conductive particles. A thermal conductivity (κ) of more than 2.8 W/mK has been obtained for an adhesive containing less than 4% volume of silver. However, a significant difference between the results obtained using the steady state and transient methods has been observed above the percolation threshold. One possible reason for this is the different volumetric constraints during the sample preparation.
研制了一种新型的低银各向同性导电胶(ICA)。导电颗粒是基于镀银的聚合物球。采用基于稳态法和非接触式瞬态法的两种不同表征技术研究了ICAs的热性能。结果表明,导热系数与导电颗粒的体积分数和银镀层厚度密切相关。对于含银量小于4%的粘合剂,其导热系数(κ)大于2.8 W/mK。然而,在渗流阈值以上,使用稳态方法和瞬态方法获得的结果之间存在显著差异。一个可能的原因是样品制备过程中不同的体积限制。
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引用次数: 1
Manufacturing and characterisation of MEMS test nanostructures MEMS测试纳米结构的制造与表征
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233794
G. Jablonski, P. Janus, P. Pietrzak, T. Torzewicz, A. Sobczak, M. Janicki, A. Napieralski, A. Sierakowski, A. Brzezińska, P. Prokaryn
Heat transfer phenomena in electronic nanostructures are supposed not to obey the classic Fourier heat transfer theory. Thus, in order to verify this hypothesis experimentally, a set of MEMS nanostructures was designed and manufactured. These structures contain a number of cavities filled with different materials, including various dielectrics, such as silicon dioxide and the silicon nitride, or air as well as thin film platinum resistors located over and under the cavities. These resistors might serve either as heat sources or temperature sensors. This paper presents in detail the fabrication process of these devices and the preliminary results of their characterisation.
电子纳米结构中的传热现象被认为不服从经典的傅立叶传热理论。因此,为了在实验上验证这一假设,我们设计并制造了一套MEMS纳米结构。这些结构包含许多由不同材料填充的空腔,包括各种电介质,如二氧化硅和氮化硅,或空气以及位于空腔上方和下方的薄膜铂电阻器。这些电阻可用作热源或温度传感器。本文详细介绍了这些器件的制作过程和初步表征结果。
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引用次数: 3
Co-design/simulation of flip-chip assembly for high voltage IGBT packages 高压IGBT封装倒装组件协同设计/仿真
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233847
P. Rajaguru, C. Bailey, H. Lu, A. M. Aliyu, A. Castellazzi, V. Pathirana, N. Udugampola, T. Trajkovic, F. Udrea, P. Mitcheson, A. Elliott
This paper details a co-design and modelling methodology to optimise the flip-chip assembly parameters so that the overall package and system meets performance and reliability specifications for LED lighting applications. A co-design methodology is employed between device level modelling and package level modelling in order enhance the flow of information. As part of this methodology, coupled electrical, thermal and mechniacal predictions are made in order to mitigate underfill dielectric breakdown failure and solder interconnect fatigue failure. Five commercial underfills were selected for investigating the trade-off in materials properties that mitigate underfill electrical breakdown and solder joint fatigue.
本文详细介绍了一种协同设计和建模方法,以优化倒装芯片组装参数,使整体封装和系统满足LED照明应用的性能和可靠性规范。在器件级建模和封装级建模之间采用协同设计方法,以增强信息流。作为该方法的一部分,对电学、热学和力学进行耦合预测,以减轻下填充介质击穿故障和焊料互连疲劳故障。研究人员选择了五种商业底填土来研究减轻底填土电击穿和焊点疲劳的材料性能的权衡。
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引用次数: 0
Calibration of transient FE simulation: Improvement of post-processing and simulation automation 瞬态有限元仿真标定:后处理和仿真自动化的改进
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233801
Siddharth Saparia, S. Tandon, E. Liu, T. Zahner, S. Besold, Wolfgang Kalb, G. Elger
Reliability and lifetime of LED modules depend critical from drive current and junction temperature. Transient thermal analysis (TTA) is widely used to measure the transient thermal impedance Zth and the thermal resistance Rth of LEDs to access the junction temperature. To predict the junction temperature of an LED in an application during product design and development calibratedfinite element (FE) models are required. In this paper, the correlation between simulated transient temperature data and the experimentally by TTA measured forward voltage (Vf(t)) is analysed in detail. Using a test chip, it is demonstrated that post-processing the average temperature of the junction of the FE model is the appropriate approach to correlate the simulated transient temperature data to the V/t) measurements. A FE-model for a family of white high-power LED, i.e. different number of LED dies on ceramic sub-mounts of different sizes, is developed using ANSYS and calibrated to the Zth(t) curve measured by TTA. The calibration is done in the time-domain, i.e. using the Zth(t) curve and its logarithmic time derivation b(z). The FE model is fitted to the experimental data. Due to the phosphor conversion, the heat load must be divided on the epitaxial layer (EPI) and the phosphor. The heat load distribution influences the Zth(t) curve significantly from the μs-to the ms-time range and must be considered as important parameter when fitting the simulation model. The calibration of the FE model is done using the average and the maximum temperature value of the EPI from the FE simulation. A significant difference of 20% between the thermal resistances of the thermal interface layers is obtained. The thermal performance of the thermal interfaces is significantly overestimated when using the maximum temperature for post-processing.
LED模组的可靠性和寿命主要取决于驱动电流和结温。瞬态热分析(TTA)被广泛用于测量led的瞬态热阻抗Zth和热阻Rth以获得结温。为了在产品设计和开发期间预测应用中LED的结温,需要校准有限元(FE)模型。本文详细分析了模拟瞬态温度数据与TTA测量正向电压(Vf(t))的实验结果之间的相关性。利用测试芯片,证明了对有限元模型结的平均温度进行后处理是将模拟瞬态温度数据与V/t测量相关联的适当方法。利用ANSYS建立了一类白光大功率LED的有限元模型,即不同尺寸的陶瓷子座上不同数量的LED芯片,并根据TTA测量的Zth(t)曲线进行了校准。校准是在时域内完成的,即使用Zth(t)曲线及其对数时间导数b(z)。有限元模型与实验数据拟合。由于荧光粉的转换,热负荷必须在外延层(EPI)和荧光粉上分摊。热负荷分布对μs ~ ms时间范围内的Zth(t)曲线影响较大,是拟合仿真模型时必须考虑的重要参数。利用有限元模拟的EPI平均值和最高温度值对有限元模型进行校正。热界面层的热阻相差20%。当使用最高温度进行后处理时,热界面的热性能被明显高估。
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引用次数: 1
Electrical-thermal-structural performance of packaged power terminals for wafer baking 晶圆烘烤用封装电源端子的电-热-结构性能
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233835
Dae Seong Woo, Kyoung-Joon Kim
Failures may often occur in the packaged power terminals (PPTs) of the heater modules during harsh wafer baking process. The dominant failure factor is a high temperature. Hence, the performances of the PPTs should be explored under multiphysics environment to develop robust heater modules. In this study, FEA electrical-thermal-structural models of the PPTs are developed and experimentally validated. Various parametric influences on the thermal and structural performance of PPTs are investigated employing FEA electrical-thermal-structural models. The study has shown that the substrate thickness was a dominant parameter affecting the PPT performance.
在苛刻的晶圆烘烤过程中,加热模块的封装电源端子(PPTs)经常发生故障。主要的失效因素是高温。因此,在多物理场环境下研究PPTs的性能,以开发健壮的加热器模块。在本研究中,建立了压电陶瓷的电-热-结构有限元模型并进行了实验验证。采用有限元电-热-结构模型研究了各种参数对PPTs热性能和结构性能的影响。研究表明,衬底厚度是影响PPT性能的主要参数。
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引用次数: 0
Novel approach for the extraction of nonlinear compact thermal models 一种新的非线性紧凑热模型提取方法
Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/THERMINIC.2017.8233813
L. Codecasa, V. d’Alessandro, A. Magnani, N. Rinaldi
A novel approach for extracting dynamic compact thermal models from nonlinear heat diffusion equations, which take into account the temperature dependence of thermal properties, is presented. In such Model Order Reduction method, the nonlinear heat diffusion equation is projected onto the space spanned by a few terms in the Volterra's series expansion of the solution. Such projection is performed by a novel structure-preserving hyper-reduction algorithm. The resulting method is very efficient, and can lead to very accurate compact thermal models, with unprecedented levels of simplicity. Moreover such models can be extracted for practically any regular temperature dependence of heat capacity, thermal conductivity and heat exchange coefficients. The method has been validated through the analysis of a complex ultra thin stacked chip module.
提出了一种从非线性热扩散方程中提取动态紧凑热模型的新方法,该方法考虑了热性质对温度的依赖性。在这种模型降阶方法中,将非线性热扩散方程投影到解的Volterra级数展开式中若干项所组成的空间上。这种投影是通过一种新颖的保持结构的超约简算法来实现的。由此产生的方法是非常有效的,并且可以导致非常精确的紧凑的热模型,具有前所未有的简单程度。此外,这样的模型可以提取几乎任何规则的温度依赖的热容量,导热系数和热交换系数。通过对一个复杂的超薄堆叠芯片模块的分析,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
2017 23rd International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)
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