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MSMEs NEED TO CHANGE THE GAME IN CHALLENGING TIMES SUCH AS COVID-19 CRISIS: CHANGES IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR HABITS 中小微企业需要在挑战时期改变游戏规则,例如COVID-19危机:改变消费者的行为习惯
Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.22190/teme201122012m
Tatjana Mamula Nikolić, K. Perčić, Mirjana Nećak
The influence of VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) world and COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector has been significant. The objective of this paper is to analyze the consumer buying behavior during the COVID-19 crisis and its implications on future intentions, so as to propose the potential options for the development of new strategies according to the customers’ needs. Changes in consumer habits in the world and in Serbia are reviewed. The online consumer survey was conducted in Serbia April 23-29, 2020. The survey sample included 510 respondents. Quantitative statistical methods were used for analysis: descriptive and comparative statistics (χ2 test, regression, correlation). The survey data are comparable, in some segments, with the results of the McKinsey & Company survey conducted in 22 countries across the world. The results of empirical research indicate that consumer buying habits have changed in terms of consumption structure and purchasing methods. MSMEs with the strategic marketing orientation, aware of the customers’ needs in turbulent environment, are more capable to be innovative and have more chances to be competitive. Doing business in the time of the pandemic has opened new opportunities for business renovation via e-commerce. The contribution of the paper is a set of recommendations for MSMEs on how to gain competitiveness and visibility in the digital market. It is recommended to improve e-commerce in Serbia, based on the research results. They confirm that consumers are increasingly adopting new technologies and that the processes of innovation and digital transformation are in general getting significantly faster, so they represent an opportunity and condition for the work of Serbian MSMEs in the future new normal.
VUCA(波动性、不确定性、复杂性、模糊性)世界和COVID-19大流行对中小微企业(MSMEs)行业的影响显著。本文的目的是分析COVID-19危机期间消费者的购买行为及其对未来意图的影响,从而根据客户的需求提出制定新策略的潜在选择。审查了世界和塞尔维亚消费者习惯的变化。这项在线消费者调查于2020年4月23日至29日在塞尔维亚进行。调查样本包括510名受访者。分析采用定量统计方法:描述性统计和比较统计(χ2检验、回归、相关)。在某些方面,该调查数据与麦肯锡公司在全球22个国家进行的调查结果具有可比性。实证研究结果表明,消费者的购买习惯在消费结构和购买方式上发生了变化。以战略营销为导向的中小微企业,在动荡的环境中了解客户的需求,更有能力创新,更有机会竞争。在疫情期间开展业务,为通过电子商务开展业务创新提供了新的机遇。本文的贡献是为中小微企业如何在数字市场中获得竞争力和知名度提供了一套建议。根据研究结果,建议改进塞尔维亚的电子商务。他们确认,消费者越来越多地采用新技术,创新和数字化转型的进程总体上显着加快,因此它们为塞尔维亚中小微企业在未来新常态下的工作提供了机会和条件。
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引用次数: 3
THE REPRESENTATION OF THE NATO BOMBING OF YUGOSLAVIA IN FOREIGN ARTISTIC AND MASS MEDIA TEXTS: UNJUSTIFIED WAR OR JUSTIFIED INTERVENTION? 北约轰炸南斯拉夫在外国艺术和大众媒体文本中的表现:不正当的战争还是正当的干预?
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME191114027M
Nina Mihaljinac, Anđela Vujošević
In addition to scientific and historical accounts, artistic and media texts also construct stories of significant events, thus constructing ideologically charged narratives of present and past events. These narratives can become official versions of the past that shape collective memory and identity. Unlike history books, which are written with a greater time distance, media and artistic texts directly influence the formation of narratives about current events and therefore the self-confidence and self-understanding of the collective. Based on an interest in the question of how identity is formed in today's Serbia, this article deals with media and artistic texts that speak about one of the most significant events in Serbia’s recent history - the NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Opinions about this event are divided, and the totality of information about the bombing seems unknowable. To establish a more objective approach to this issue, the images of the bombing created by foreign media and artists are analyzed from the point of view of Memory Studies and through theories of arts and media (Assmann, Hartman, Felman, Laub, Kuljić), primarily using content and linguistic discourse analysis (Foucault, Spitzmüller, Warnke). The analysis has shown that most of the analyzed media texts justify the bombing, while all artworks criticize and condemn it. This has led us to the conclusion that that the bombing wasn’t justified, and that media texts on the subject served as political propaganda. In other words, artistic texts have a greater potential for social and political criticism than the media.
除了科学和历史叙述,艺术和媒体文本还构建了重大事件的故事,从而构建了对当前和过去事件的意识形态叙事。这些叙述可以成为过去的官方版本,塑造集体记忆和身份。与写得有更大时间距离的历史书不同,媒体和艺术文本直接影响对时事叙事的形成,从而影响集体的自信和自我理解。基于对当今塞尔维亚如何形成身份认同问题的兴趣,本文涉及媒体和艺术文本,这些文本讲述了塞尔维亚近代史上最重要的事件之一——北约轰炸南斯拉夫联盟共和国。对这一事件的看法存在分歧,关于爆炸事件的全部信息似乎是未知的。为了建立一种更客观的方法来解决这个问题,我们从记忆研究的角度,并通过艺术和媒体理论(Assmann、Hartman、Felman、Laub、Kuljić),主要使用内容和语言话语分析(Foucault、Spitzmüller、Warnke),对外国媒体和艺术家创作的轰炸图像进行了分析。分析表明,大多数被分析的媒体文本都为爆炸事件辩护,而所有的艺术品都对其进行了批评和谴责。这使我们得出结论,爆炸事件是不合理的,媒体关于这一主题的文本充当了政治宣传。换句话说,艺术文本比媒体更有可能受到社会和政治批评。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE ABILITIES THROUGH ARTS EDUCATION 通过艺术教育发展创造能力
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/teme200620032s
Milena Stojanović Stošić
The paper examines possibilities for enhancing creativity in primary school children through Arts education. Specifically, this study investigates the impact of visual, auditory and tactile stimuli (VAT stimuli)[1] on the development of creative thinking in children when these aids are carefully selected and suitable for use for a particular teaching topic within the Arts education curriculum. The study was conducted in Serbia, through an experimental two-term programme called The Development of Creativity by Employing VAT Stimuli, which included 270 first and second-year primary school pupils (7-8 year-olds). The impact of the experimental programme was assessed according to the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) – figural form A. This study found that the use of VAT stimuli in Arts education contributed significantly to developing and cultivating pupils’ creative abilities, and that the effect of the programme had a stronger impact on the 2nd year pupils.[1] Visual stimulus – discussion and observation of an artwork as a stimulus for artistic expression; Auditory aid – instrumental composition as a stimulus for artistic expression; Tactile stimulus – finger painting.
本文探讨了通过艺术教育提高小学生创造力的可能性。具体而言,本研究调查了视觉、听觉和触觉刺激(VAT刺激)[1]对儿童创造性思维发展的影响,当这些辅助工具经过精心选择并适合用于艺术教育课程中的特定教学主题时。这项研究是在塞尔维亚通过一项名为“利用增值税刺激发展创造力”的实验性两学期计划进行的,该计划包括270名小学一年级和二年级学生(7-8岁)。实验计划的影响是根据托伦斯创造性思维测试(TTCT)-图形形式A进行评估的。该研究发现,在艺术教育中使用增值税刺激对培养和培养学生的创造性能力有很大贡献,该计划的效果对二年级学生的影响更大。[1] 视觉刺激——对艺术作品的讨论和观察,作为艺术表达的刺激;听觉辅助——作为艺术表达刺激的器乐作品;触觉刺激——手指绘画。
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引用次数: 0
TOWARDS A TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THE STUDY AND CONTROL OF CRIME 在研究和控制犯罪方面采用跨学科方法
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME190211041S
Miodrag N. Simović, Mile Sikman
Starting from the fact that heavy forms of crime have a great impact on the society as a whole, states are expected to administrate an adequate response. An apparent precondition for swift response at the appearance of heavy crimes is to gain an accurate and deep understanding of these phenomena. In this regard, authors point out that an approach based on strict separation and isolation between criminal doctrines in dealing with the subject of its study is considered to be outdated, i.e., multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity arise as a necessary approach. The authors suggest that, as knowledge of different sciences is required within the common problem formulation, it is necessary for experts in individual disciplines to work together while retaining their disciplinary approaches and views. This approach is believed to be successful in enabling comprehensive consideration of the problem and leading to its solving. When it comes to heavy forms of crime, it is clear that this type of social problem will not be solved without transdisciplinary cooperation, and there is no dilemma that these criminal phenomena should be viewed and studied with the integration of all knowledge of criminology, criminal – law (material, procedural and executive), as well as forensic science. Overcoming disciplinary restrictions in responding to severe forms of crime through a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches will lead to the improvement of theoretical and practical principles of responding to severe forms of crime. Authors have analyzed the assertion that problems of contemporary society that are too complex for one discipline, that they require the connection of various sciences and scientific disciplines in the entire process of acquiring knowledge about heavy forms of criminality, on the one hand, and its resistance, on the other.
从严重犯罪形式对整个社会产生巨大影响这一事实出发,各国应采取适当的应对措施。在重大犯罪出现时迅速作出反应的一个明显先决条件是准确深入地了解这些现象。在这方面,作者指出,在处理其研究主题时,基于刑事学说之间严格分离和孤立的方法被认为是过时的,即多学科和跨学科是一种必要的方法。作者建议,由于共同问题的表述需要不同科学的知识,因此各个学科的专家有必要在保持各自学科方法和观点的同时共同努力。这种方法被认为是成功的,能够全面考虑问题并最终解决问题。当涉及到严重形式的犯罪时,很明显,如果没有跨学科的合作,这类社会问题是无法解决的,并且不存在这样的困境,即应该结合犯罪学、刑法(材料、程序和执行)以及法医学的所有知识来看待和研究这些犯罪现象。通过多学科和跨学科的方法克服应对严重形式犯罪的纪律限制,将有助于改进应对严重形式罪行的理论和实践原则。作者分析了这样一种说法,即当代社会的问题对一个学科来说过于复杂,一方面需要在获得关于严重犯罪形式的知识的整个过程中,将各种科学和科学学科联系起来,另一方面需要对其进行抵制。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF ONE`S NATIVE MUSICAL IDIOM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSIC ABILITIES AND ACQUISITION OF NEW MUSIC MATERIAL 一个人的母语音乐习语在发展音乐能力和获得新的音乐材料中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME190310030N
Naka Niksic
One’s native musical idiom is of great importance for the growth and development of a child. However, despite the frequent mention of this concept in the methodological literature, we cannot find it clearly defined anywhere. Therefore, in this study, we first defined the native musical idiom through a multidisciplinary approach, then we pointed out its role in the development of the ability to perceive (the melody, harmony and rhythm), the acquisition of songs, rhythmic abilities and music memory, and then emphasized its role in the acquisition of new music material. The ultimate goal of this study is to indicate the necessity of establishing beginner music education classes in elementary schools (first and second grade) on material which represents the native musical idiom of the environment in which a child is growing up. 
一个人的母语音乐习语对孩子的成长和发展非常重要。然而,尽管在方法论文献中经常提到这个概念,但我们在任何地方都找不到明确的定义。因此,在本研究中,我们首先通过多学科的方法定义了本土音乐习语,然后指出了它在感知能力(旋律、和声和节奏)的发展、歌曲的习得、节奏能力和音乐记忆中的作用,然后强调了它在新音乐素材的习得中的作用。本研究的最终目的是表明在小学(一年级和二年级)建立初级音乐教育课程的必要性,这些课程的材料代表了孩子成长环境中的本土音乐习惯。
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引用次数: 0
ELIMINATION OF NON-TARIFF BARRIERS IN REGIONAL TRADE INTEGRATIONS: THE CEFTA 2006 EXPERIENCE 消除区域贸易一体化中的非关税壁垒:CEFTA 2006经验
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/teme200505035m
Ivan Marković, Ivana Popović Petrović, Predrag Bjelić
For all the economies in the global world the question of trade is becoming more important by the day. But the possibility to export on the global market meets many impediments in the form of non-tariff barriers, rather than tariff these days. CEFTA 2006 regional trade integration is not an exception with more than 100 NTBs introduced during its existence. Our research found that Serbia and Albania are CEFTA 2006 signatories with the most NTBs introduced in the observed period. CEFTA has a very efficient institutional mechanism, Subcommittee on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs), for the removal of NTBs between signatories. We have researched three case studies of bilateral NTBs in Serbia’s intra-CEFTA 2006 which demonstrate that our trade partner uses policy oriented NTBs. The removal of NTBs at the global, as well as regional levels is crucial for the development of trade flows after the world economic crisis. 
对全球所有经济体来说,贸易问题日益重要。但如今,向全球市场出口的可能性遇到了许多非关税壁垒形式的障碍,而不是关税。CEFTA 2006区域贸易一体化也不例外,在其存在期间引入了100多个非贸易壁垒。我们的研究发现,塞尔维亚和阿尔巴尼亚是2006年CEFTA的签署国,在观察期间引入的非关税壁垒最多。CEFTA有一个非常有效的体制机制,即技术性贸易壁垒和非关税壁垒小组委员会,以消除签署国之间的非关税壁垒。我们研究了塞尔维亚2006年cefta内部双边非贸易壁垒的三个案例,表明我们的贸易伙伴使用政策导向的非贸易壁垒。在全球和区域各级消除非关税壁垒对世界经济危机后贸易流动的发展至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION 创业教育的发展
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME191115029B
M. Bosanac, Radovan Grandić
Numerous changes that contemporary universities have to face with have also resulted in significant pedagogical implications. There is a growing number of criticisms toward contemporary universities that are often cited as being subject to market demands, which moves them away from basic science teaching activities. The aim of this paper is to examine the consideration of higher education in the context of the reality imposed by new and new goals of education. This goal is conceptualized within two tasks. The first task involves presenting different approaches to entrepreneurial education with significant pedagogical implications, primarily different teaching goals depending on the accepted conception. The second task presents various challenges facing the realization of entrepreneurial education as perceived by foreign authors. In conclusion the paper stresses that entrepreneurial education is a new field of research, but due to the increased importance of a practical application of knowledge in the changing conditions of work and life in the future it may become even more important.
当代大学必须面对的许多变化也带来了重大的教学意义。对当代大学的批评越来越多,人们经常认为这些大学受制于市场需求,这使它们远离了基础科学教学活动。本文的目的是考察在新的和新的教育目标所强加的现实背景下对高等教育的考虑。这个目标是在两个任务中概念化的。第一项任务涉及提出具有重要教学意义的创业教育的不同方法,主要是根据公认的概念提出不同的教学目标。第二项任务提出了外国作者所认为的实现创业教育所面临的各种挑战。最后,本文强调创业教育是一个新的研究领域,但由于知识在未来不断变化的工作和生活条件中的实际应用越来越重要,它可能会变得更加重要。
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引用次数: 0
CASE LAW OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS OF HATE CRIMES 欧洲人权法院关于仇恨犯罪的判例法
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME201021042D
Darko Dimovski
The author deals with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights with regard to hate crimes. The paper presents and analyzes the Court judgments entailing the obligation to examine the existence of prejudice in the committed offenses, envisaged in Articles 2, 3 and 8 in conjunction with Article 14 of the Convention. The Court’s case-law initially pertained to hate crimes committed by state authorities, but it subsequently evolved to cover hate crimes committed by individuals. At the end of the paper, the author presents a normative framework of hate crimes in the Republic of Serbia and points out to the shortcomings in the mode of incrimination, as well as to the problem of not applying the standards established by the Court in investigating the existence of possible prejudice in the committed crimes.
提交人论述了欧洲人权法院关于仇恨犯罪的判例法。本文介绍并分析了法院的判决,其中规定有义务根据《公约》第二条、第三条和第八条以及第十四条的规定,审查所犯罪行中是否存在偏见。最高法院的判例法最初涉及国家当局犯下的仇恨犯罪,但后来演变为涵盖个人犯下的憎恨犯罪。在论文的最后,作者介绍了塞尔维亚共和国仇恨犯罪的规范框架,并指出了入罪模式的缺陷,以及在调查所犯罪行中是否存在可能的偏见时没有适用法院制定的标准的问题。
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引用次数: 1
U SUSRET LIDERSTVU U OBRAZOVANJU KROZ INICIJATIVE I TRENDOVE U ODABRANIM EVROPSKIM ZEMLJAMA
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/teme200522044m
Jelena Maksimović
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引用次数: 0
КОХЛЕАРНИ ИМПЛАНТ: ИСКУСТВА РОДИТЕЉА ГЛУВЕ И НАГЛУВЕ ДЕЦЕ COHLEAR植入物
Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.22190/TEME181023028R
Marina Radić-Šestić, Mia Šešum, Ljubica Isaković, Biljana Z. Milanović-Dobrota
The paper examines the experiences of parents of deaf and hard of hearing children related to the decision-making process about the cochlear implant, as well as their satisfaction with the outcomes of cochlear implantation. The research was carried out on the sample of 77 examinees of both sexes whose children are rehabilitated at “Children’s House” at the Clinical Hospital Centre in Belgrade, as well at schools for deaf and hard of hearing children in Kragujevac, Subotica and Niš. The questionnaire entitled Children with Cochlear Implants: Parental Perspectives was used for the purpose of the research. The results of the research indicate that parents had moderate difficulties in the process of deciding on cochlear implantation and that they were relatively satisfied with the outcome of the implantation. The age of children and the age at which the cochlear implantation has been performed are not related to the process of deciding on cochlear implantation, although this variable correlates with the contentment with the outcome of the implantation.          
本文调查了失聪和听力障碍儿童的父母在人工耳蜗植入决策过程中的经历,以及他们对人工耳蜗植入结果的满意度。研究对象是77名男女考生,他们的孩子在贝尔格莱德临床医院中心的“儿童之家”以及克拉古耶瓦茨、苏博蒂察和尼日什的聋哑和重听儿童学校接受康复治疗。调查问卷的题目是“植入人工耳蜗的儿童:父母的观点”。研究结果表明,家长在决定人工耳蜗植入术的过程中存在中度困难,对人工耳蜗植入术的效果较为满意。儿童的年龄和接受人工耳蜗植入的年龄与决定是否接受人工耳蜗植入的过程无关,但这一变量与对人工耳蜗植入结果的满意度相关。
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引用次数: 0
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Teme
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