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THE STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ICT AND THE DEVELOPMENT PROFILES OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 信息和通信技术与欧洲国家发展概况之间的结构性关系
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme211122042s
Jasna Soldić Aleksić, Biljana Jovanović Gavrilović, R. Stankic
The application of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in all spheres of human activities has a significant impact on the development of each country. A better understanding of the relationship between these phenomena can contribute to the policy of a more balanced and long-term sustainable development on the national level. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to investigate the link between ICT and development profiles, taking the European countries as an example. We use several composite indexes (i.e., the ITU ICT development index, the global competitiveness index [GCI], and the Legatum prosperity index [LPI]) to investigate these countries’ profiles and find a common structure among their respective relationships. We applied the partial least squares regression (PLS-R) model and included a new welfare index – the prosperity index, which integrates all the key dimensions of country development (economic, social, and environmental). Our main finding is that PLS-R models successfully extract important information on common structure vis-à-vis the observed countries’ ICT and development profiles. Certain ICT indicators – namely, Use of ICT and Price of ICT services – can be considered predominant indicators, given their impact on a set of competitiveness and prosperity features within a country. These ICT indicators influence certain competitiveness attributes - Technological readiness, Business sophistication, Institutions, and Innovation, and certain prosperity attributes - Governance, Economic quality, and Personal freedom of the observed countries. These observations may be of great importance, as policy-makers can leverage them when designing the appropriate ICT and development strategies at national level.
信息通信技术在人类活动各个领域的应用对每个国家的发展都具有重大影响。更好地了解这些现象之间的关系可以有助于在国家一级制定更平衡和长期可持续发展的政策。在这方面,本文的目的是调查信息和通信技术与发展概况之间的联系,以欧洲国家为例。我们使用几个综合指数(即国际电联ICT发展指数、全球竞争力指数[GCI]和列格坦繁荣指数[LPI])来调查这些国家的概况,并在它们各自的关系中找到一个共同的结构。我们采用了偏最小二乘回归(PLS-R)模型,并纳入了一个新的福利指数——繁荣指数,该指数综合了国家发展的所有关键维度(经济、社会和环境)。我们的主要发现是PLS-R模型成功地从-à-vis观察到的国家的ICT和发展概况中提取了关于共同结构的重要信息。某些信息和通信技术指标- -即信息和通信技术的使用和信息和通信技术服务的价格- -可被视为主要指标,因为它们对一个国家内的一系列竞争力和繁荣特征产生影响。这些信息通信技术指标影响观察国家的某些竞争力属性——技术成熟度、商业成熟度、制度和创新,以及某些繁荣属性——治理、经济质量和个人自由。这些观察结果可能非常重要,因为决策者可以在国家一级设计适当的信息通信技术和发展战略时利用它们。
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引用次数: 0
L2 ENGLISH ARTICLE SUPPLIANCE AMONG TERTIARY LEVEL STUDENTS: THE IMPACT OF SPECIFICITY 专一性对大学生二语文章供给的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme200415035v
Marta Veličković
The aim of this paper was to determine the role of specificity in the English article suppliance of L1 Serbian speakers. Its impact on the suppliance of the definite article (the), the indefinite article (a/an), and the zero article (Ɵ) was determined based on a 40-item questionnaire. The items were classified into four groups defined by the combinations of two semantic features: [±specific] and [±definite]. Differences in article suppliance were studied between a group of English and non-English language majors in order to take into account the level of L2 proficiency. The population of L1 Serbian/L2 English speakers was chosen since Serbian is an articleless language and is, unlike English, considered to code specificity. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the participants in terms of correct article suppliance and L2 proficiency in favor of the English language majors. However, no impact of specificity on article suppliance was noted for either group of participants.
本文的目的是确定专一性在母语塞尔维亚语的英语冠词提供中的作用。它对提供定冠词(the)、不定冠词(a/an)和零冠词(Ɵ)的影响是根据40项问卷调查确定的。根据[±specific]和[±definite]两个语义特征的组合,将条目分为四组。为了考虑到二语熟练程度,我们研究了一组英语和非英语专业学生在文章供应方面的差异。之所以选择母语为塞尔维亚语/母语为英语的人群,是因为塞尔维亚语是一种无冠词的语言,与英语不同,塞尔维亚语被认为具有编码特异性。结果显示,英语专业学生在正确冠词供应和二语熟练程度方面存在显著差异。然而,两组参与者均未注意到特异性对物品供应的影响。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPACT OF SERVING PRACTICES ON CHILDREN’S FOOD INTAKE IN SCHOOLS 服务方式对学校儿童食物摄入的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme211009040f
J. Filipović, S. Veljković
The purpose of this study was to investigate the ambience factors which affect children’s consumption of school meals, in order to provide policy makers and school canteen managers with practical recommendations on how to improve children’s food intake in the future. The study was conducted in four schools in Belgrade, over a period of two weeks, adopting the techniques of in-field observation and content analysis. Overall, forty visits to school restaurants were performed and 205 pictures were gathered on those occasions. The results show that all three investigated aspects (i.e. kitchenscape, tablescape and platescape) affect children’s food consumption, as well as their willingness to eat specific food items. The avenues of further research as regards this topic are also addressed.
本研究的目的是探讨影响儿童校餐消费的环境因素,以期为政策制定者和学校食堂管理者提供未来如何改善儿童食物摄入的实用建议。这项研究是在贝尔格莱德的四所学校进行的,为期两周,采用了实地观察和内容分析的技术。总的来说,在学校餐厅进行了40次访问,并在这些场合收集了205张照片。结果表明,厨房环境、餐桌环境和餐盘环境这三个方面都会影响儿童的食物消费,以及他们对特定食物的食用意愿。本文还讨论了进一步研究这一课题的途径。
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引用次数: 0
ASPIRING EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS’ SELF-PERCEPTION OF THEIR COMPETENCE IN THE INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE 有抱负的幼儿教师对其将数字技术融入幼儿教育实践的能力的自我认知
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme220304034s
Gordana Stepić
The aim of this research is to consider the differences in aspiring early childhood teachers’ self-perception of their competence in the integration of digital technologies into early childhood educational practice, before and after the realization of the teaching process, and before and after passing the exam for the elective course titled “An early childhood teacher in a digital environment”. The research sample consisted of thirty-five third-year students of the Preschool Teacher Training and Business Informatics College of Applied Studies - Sirmium, who took and passed the exam in the elective subject “An early childhood teacher in a digital environment”. The results of the study show that aspiring early childhood teachers assess their competence for the integration of digital technologies into early childhood educational practice more positively after attending classes and taking the exam in the course “An early childhood teacher in a digital environment”. Future early childhood teachers feel more competent in applying digital technologies to all four areas of early childhood teachers’ work: direct work with children, real program development, professional development and professional public action.
本研究的目的是考虑有抱负的幼儿教师在实现教学过程之前和之后对其将数字技术融入幼儿教育实践的能力的自我感知的差异,以及通过题为“数字环境中的幼儿教师”的选修课考试前后。研究样本由Sirmium学前教师培训和商业信息学应用研究学院的35名三年级学生组成,他们参加并通过了选修科目“数字环境中的幼儿教师”的考试。研究结果表明,有抱负的幼儿教师在参加“数字环境中的幼儿教师”课程的课堂和考试后,会更积极地评估他们将数字技术融入幼儿教育实践的能力。未来的幼儿教师在将数字技术应用于幼儿教师工作的所有四个领域方面感到更有能力:与儿童的直接合作、真实的程序开发、专业发展和专业公共行动。
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引用次数: 0
IDENTIFYING THE DIMENSIONS OF THE SCHOOL CLIMATE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS 从小学生的角度识别学校氛围的维度
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme210210036j
B. Jevtić, Danijela Milošević
The school climate is a significant factor in the development of students’ cognitive, emotional and social competencies. Starting from the fact that the quality of educational work largely depends on the school climate, the aim of this research was to identify the factors influencing the development of a positive school climate, and to determine the differences in the perception of its dimensions in relation to gender and student success. The sample for this research consisted of 216 primary school students in the Republic of Serbia. An instrument composed of 43 items was used in the research. Factor analysis identified 6 factors that affect the school climate: support and consistency in the work of teachers, student autonomy, the academic support of teachers, negative peer relationships, disciplinary rigor and collaborative peer learning. The students’ perception of the dimensions of the school climate was influenced by school success and the gender of the students. This research offers a comprehensive theoretical perspective for all researchers for whom the field of school climate is at the center of interest, as well as potential solutions in terms of improvement in educational practice.
学校氛围是学生认知、情感和社会能力发展的重要因素。从教育工作的质量在很大程度上取决于学校氛围这一事实出发,本研究的目的是确定影响积极学校氛围发展的因素,并确定对其维度的感知与性别和学生成功之间的差异。这项研究的样本包括塞尔维亚共和国的216名小学生。研究中使用了一种由43个项目组成的仪器。因子分析确定了影响学校氛围的6个因素:教师工作的支持和一致性、学生自主性、教师的学术支持、消极的同伴关系、纪律严谨性和协作式同伴学习。学生对学校氛围维度的感知受到学校成功和学生性别的影响。这项研究为所有以学校气候领域为兴趣中心的研究人员提供了一个全面的理论视角,并为改善教育实践提供了潜在的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
THE CHALLENGES OF THE PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT OF WOMEN IN THE SERBIAN ARMED FORCES 在塞尔维亚武装部队中提高妇女职业地位所面临的挑战
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme220308038s
Jovanka Šaranović, N. Stanojević, J. Marček
This paper examines the roots of the disproportionately low representation of women in command and management positions as compared to their outstanding involvement in all the activities of the Serbian Armed Forces. The key source for this empirical research is the data compiled by surveying military personnel of both sexes on the functioning of the gender-mixed military and organizational units of the Serbian Armed Forces. Within this authentic pool of information about the respondents’ opinions, attitudes, and sentiments, the paper aims to identify whether, and to what extent, the advancement of women in military service lags due to gender stereotypes, which structures contribute to this problem the most, and whether there are other reasons for such a low representation of women in high-ranking positions. The methods applied are statistical analysis and Chi-squared statistics (c2), which determine the deviations in the answers of groups of respondents, and the assessment of the statistical significance of this deviation (p-value). The results indicated two groups of causes: sporadic informal slowing of progress by senior officers, and the psychological and physical maladaptation of a significant number of women to field tasks.
本文探讨了妇女担任指挥和管理职务的人数与她们出色地参与塞尔维亚武装部队的所有活动相比比例过低的根源。这项实证研究的主要来源是调查男女军事人员所收集的关于塞尔维亚武装部队男女混合军事和组织单位运作情况的数据。在这一真实的关于受访者的意见、态度和情绪的信息库中,本文旨在确定女性在军事服务中的进步是否以及在多大程度上由于性别刻板印象而滞后,哪些结构对这一问题的贡献最大,以及是否有其他原因导致女性在高级职位中的代表性如此之低。所采用的方法是统计分析和卡方统计(c2),它们确定了被调查者群体的答案中的偏差,并评估这种偏差的统计显著性(p值)。调查结果显示出两组原因:高级官员偶尔非正式地放慢进展,以及大量妇女在心理和身体上不适应外地任务。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 AS THE MAGNIFYING GLASS OF CHINA’S FOREIGN POLICY FOR A NEW ERA 新冠肺炎是新时期中国外交政策的放大镜
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme220306037m
D. Mitrović
The COVID-19 pandemic functioned as a catalyst for the already tense relations between the People’s Republic of China and its major Western partners. It also made room for the global span of China’s ‘wolf-war diplomacy’ and ‘mask-diplomacy’ as two simultaneously exposed faces of its foreign policy. This analysis focuses on China’s foreign policy apparatus’ performance during COVID-19, and its effect on China’s domestic and foreign economic and political agendas. Starting from the theoretical point that China’s forceful foreign policy derives from its domestic political dynamism, the analysis shows that such effects were modest. It claims that China’s posting will continue to be resistant to the surroundings’ impact as long as it serves as a good tool for fulfilling domestic stability and security goals.
新冠肺炎大流行是中华人民共和国与其主要西方伙伴之间本已紧张的关系的催化剂。它还为中国“狼战外交”和“口罩外交”的全球范围腾出了空间,这两种外交政策同时暴露在外。本文分析了新冠肺炎期间中国外交政策机构的表现及其对中国国内外经济和政治议程的影响。从中国强有力的外交政策源于其国内政治活力这一理论观点出发,分析表明,这种影响是适度的。它声称,只要中国的派驻机构是实现国内稳定和安全目标的好工具,它将继续抵抗周围环境的影响。
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引用次数: 0
THE NEXUS BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH, BANKING SECTOR DEPTH, AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SELECT CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 某些中欧和东欧国家的经济增长、银行业深度和外国直接投资之间的关系
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme211012041v
Nevena Veselinović, D. Despotović, Mirjana Stevanović
The goal of this research is to consider the influences of foreign direct investment and banking sector depth on economic growth, by analysing these factors in six Central and Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania) in the period between 2000 and 2018. Cointegration among the variables was confirmed using the Westerlund panel cointegration test. The outcomes of the panel autoregressive distributed lag model confirmed the positive influence of foreign direct investment and the negative impact of the banking sector depth on the economic growth in the observed countries. The results of the short-term analysis revealed the insignificant influence of the banking sector depth and the notable positive influence of foreign direct investment on economic growth. 
本研究的目标是通过分析2000年至2018年期间六个中欧和东欧国家(保加利亚、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、匈牙利、波兰和罗马尼亚)的外国直接投资和银行业深度对经济增长的影响。使用Westerlund面板协整检验来确认变量之间的协整关系。面板自回归分布滞后模型的结果证实了外国直接投资对所观察国家经济增长的积极影响和银行业深度的负面影响。短期分析结果表明,银行业深度对经济增长的影响不显著,外商直接投资对经济增长有显著的正向影响。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF AUGMENTED REALITY ON ONLINE USER EXPERIENCES 增强现实对在线用户体验的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22190/teme210611039r
Jovana Radoičić, Sonja Vujović, Tanja Vujović
The subject of this paper is the analysis of the impact of augmented reality on online user experiences. The analysis was performed on users’ experience with the Ikea Place App by IKEA. Users were surveyed through the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), through which the information about their online experiences related to the analyzed application was collected. The aim of this paper is to determine whether augmented reality and augmented reality applications complement the online user experience, based on the analysis of their user experience and experience related to the dimensions of the presented application. The intention is to contribute to the creation of  the business and academic public’ interest in the concept of augmented reality as a model, which, by offering a ‘customized’ shopping experience, contributes to improving the level of consumer satisfaction.
本文的主题是分析增强现实对在线用户体验的影响。该分析是对用户使用宜家家居应用程序的体验进行的。通过用户体验问卷(User Experience Questionnaire, UEQ)对用户进行调查,收集用户与所分析应用相关的在线体验信息。本文的目的是确定增强现实和增强现实应用程序是否补充在线用户体验,基于对其用户体验和与所呈现应用程序的维度相关的体验的分析。其目的是促进商业和学术界公众对增强现实概念的兴趣,将其作为一种模式,通过提供“定制”的购物体验,有助于提高消费者满意度。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPACT OF INTERNET ON TOURISM DEMAND 互联网对旅游需求的影响
Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.22190/teme220505033b
Marija Bratić, J. Petrović, Željko Anđelković
In the XXI century, one of the trends in tourism as a leading service sector is Internet usage. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the use of the Internet (by companies and individuals) has a different impact on domestic and inbound tourism demand in the European Union for the 2010-2019 period. The results of the research indicate that the Internet usage by companies has an important positive impact on the domestic and inbound tourism expenditure in developed and transition countries in European Union while the Internet usage by individuals has an important negative impact only on the domestic tourism expenditure in transition countries in European Union. At the same time, results show that Internet usage by companies has a higher impact on domestic tourism expenditure than on inbound tourism expenditure in developed and transition countries.
在21世纪,旅游业作为主要服务部门的趋势之一是互联网的使用。本文的目的是研究互联网的使用(公司和个人)是否对欧盟2010-2019年期间的国内和入境旅游需求产生不同的影响。研究结果表明,企业互联网使用对欧盟发达国家和转轨国家的国内旅游支出和入境旅游支出具有重要的正向影响,而个人互联网使用仅对欧盟转轨国家的国内旅游支出具有重要的负向影响。与此同时,研究结果表明,在发达国家和转型国家,企业使用互联网对国内旅游支出的影响高于对入境旅游支出的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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