A Szovjetunió felbomlása és a Független Államok Közösségének (FÁK, Közösség) megalakulása – amely a balti államokon kívül valamennyi volt tagköztársaságot magába foglalt – gyökeresen új helyzetet teremtett a térségben. Az események alakulásához nagymértékben hozzájárultak az Ukrajnában végbemenő folyamatok, különösen az 1991. december 1-jén megrendezett referendum eredményei. A tanulmány ezzel összefüggésben vizsgálja a Közösség történetének első három államfői találkozóját, mégpedig a belavezsai, az alma-atai, illetve minszki találkozókat. Végül bemutatjuk a FÁK ukrán külpolitikában betöltött szerepét.
{"title":"A Független Államok Közösségének létrejötte – a három államfői találkozó, különös tekintettel Ukrajnára","authors":"Marianna Gál","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2021.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2021.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"A Szovjetunió felbomlása és a Független Államok Közösségének (FÁK, Közösség) megalakulása – amely a balti államokon kívül valamennyi volt tagköztársaságot magába foglalt – gyökeresen új helyzetet teremtett a térségben. Az események alakulásához nagymértékben hozzájárultak az Ukrajnában végbemenő folyamatok, különösen az 1991. december 1-jén megrendezett referendum eredményei. A tanulmány ezzel összefüggésben vizsgálja a Közösség történetének első három államfői találkozóját, mégpedig a belavezsai, az alma-atai, illetve minszki találkozókat. Végül bemutatjuk a FÁK ukrán külpolitikában betöltött szerepét.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114448679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A II. világháború során megszületett rohamtüzér csapatnem jelentős változást hozott a tüzérség történetében. Az önjáró és páncélozott tüzérségi löveg új harceljárások kidolgozását, új szervezeti struktúrát és csapatszellemet követelt meg, így az 1.rohamtüzér osztály felállítása során levonható hadtörténelmi tapasztalatok hasznosak lehetnek a Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program keretében felállítandó új, önjáró tüzérosztály megszervezésekor.
{"title":"Hadtörténelmi tanulságok egy új csapatnem megszervezéséről – Rohamtüzérség, avagy önjáró tüzérség","authors":"Botond Hunor Mátyás","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2021.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2021.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"A II. világháború során megszületett rohamtüzér csapatnem jelentős változást hozott a tüzérség történetében. Az önjáró és páncélozott tüzérségi löveg új harceljárások kidolgozását, új szervezeti struktúrát és csapatszellemet követelt meg, így az 1.rohamtüzér osztály felállítása során levonható hadtörténelmi tapasztalatok hasznosak lehetnek a Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program keretében felállítandó új, önjáró tüzérosztály megszervezésekor.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132031601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern kori világunkban a felgyorsult események és folyamatosan változó jelenségek kihatással vannak a jogszabályalkotás területére is. A rohamos tempójú globális és hazai változások szükségessé teszik a meglévő jogi szabályozások felülvizsgálatát és jogszabályaink módosítását. A honvédelmi kérdésekkel összefüggésben 2019. év folyamán indokolttá vált a szabályozásnak a felmerült és hangsúlyossá váló követelményekhez való igazítása. Ennek a folyamatnak az eredményeképpen 2020. január 1-jén sor került a honvédelmi törvény módosítására.A szerző ebben a cikkben megvizsgálja, hogy milyen előzmények, szabályozási szükségszerűségek indokolták a honvédelmi törvény módosítását. Saját szempontrendszer alapján – kategorizálva az egyes módosító rendelkezéseket – általános, átfogó képet ad a törvényi szabályozás változásairól. Kiemelten vizsgálja a védelmi igazgatás rendszerét, azon belül a megyei és helyi védelmi bizottságok szervezeti és feladatrendszerét érintő módosításokat. Célja, hogy rámutasson a szabályozás pozitív vonásai mellett az esetleges ellentmondásokra, hiányosságokra, ezzel megfontolandó felvetéseket szolgáltatva a későbbi alacsonyabb szintű szabályozás során azok megszüntetéséhez.
{"title":"A honvédelmi törvény védelmi igazgatást érintő, 2020. január 1-jén hatályba lépett módosításai, különös tekintettel a védelmi bizottságokat érintő módosításokra","authors":"V. László","doi":"10.32563/HSZ.2021.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/HSZ.2021.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Modern kori világunkban a felgyorsult események és folyamatosan változó jelenségek kihatással vannak a jogszabályalkotás területére is. A rohamos tempójú globális és hazai változások szükségessé teszik a meglévő jogi szabályozások felülvizsgálatát és jogszabályaink módosítását. A honvédelmi kérdésekkel összefüggésben 2019. év folyamán indokolttá vált a szabályozásnak a felmerült és hangsúlyossá váló követelményekhez való igazítása. Ennek a folyamatnak az eredményeképpen 2020. január 1-jén sor került a honvédelmi törvény módosítására.A szerző ebben a cikkben megvizsgálja, hogy milyen előzmények, szabályozási szükségszerűségek indokolták a honvédelmi törvény módosítását. Saját szempontrendszer alapján – kategorizálva az egyes módosító rendelkezéseket – általános, átfogó képet ad a törvényi szabályozás változásairól. Kiemelten vizsgálja a védelmi igazgatás rendszerét, azon belül a megyei és helyi védelmi bizottságok szervezeti és feladatrendszerét érintő módosításokat. Célja, hogy rámutasson a szabályozás pozitív vonásai mellett az esetleges ellentmondásokra, hiányosságokra, ezzel megfontolandó felvetéseket szolgáltatva a későbbi alacsonyabb szintű szabályozás során azok megszüntetéséhez.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131662469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
My study deals with the application of hybrid methods through the Southeastern European regional influence of Russia in the Western Balkans. The preparatory phase of hybrid warfare uses several soft tools that are present in a variety of forms and intensity in the field of application. The Western Balkans carries much vulnerability that provides opportunities for hybrid methods so it can be used on a larger surface. By analysing these areas, I would like to show the critical security areas of the Western Balkans and finally point to the counter activities of NATO and the European Union.
{"title":"Orosz hibrid módszerek a Nyugat-Balkánon","authors":"Rita Bihari","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"My study deals with the application of hybrid methods through the Southeastern European regional influence of Russia in the Western Balkans. The preparatory phase of hybrid warfare uses several soft tools that are present in a variety of forms and intensity in the field of application. The Western Balkans carries much vulnerability that provides opportunities for hybrid methods so it can be used on a larger surface. By analysing these areas, I would like to show the critical security areas of the Western Balkans and finally point to the counter activities of NATO and the European Union.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131914462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the natural conditions and vulnerability to water damages of Hungary, the magnitude of the protection system is unique, which crosses national borders. In order to protect Hungary against water damage, cross-border cooperation is extremely important which is based on the nearly 100-year-old water agreements with our neighbouring countries. In recent years, the countries have made significant interventions on the cross-border river basins changing natural surface runoff conditions. Ensuring water demand to create a good ecological status by WDF (Water-Framework Directive) and also the need to share natural water resources is becoming highly important, especially to mitigate the effects of climate change. This process is reinforced by various international conventions which also has an impact on the current cross-border water agreements.
{"title":"Magyarország határvízi egyezményei a belvízvédekezés tükrében","authors":"Priváczki-Juhászné Hajdu Zsuzsanna","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the natural conditions and vulnerability to water damages of Hungary, the magnitude of the protection system is unique, which crosses national borders. In order to protect Hungary against water damage, cross-border cooperation is extremely important which is based on the nearly 100-year-old water agreements with our neighbouring countries. In recent years, the countries have made significant interventions on the cross-border river basins changing natural surface runoff conditions. Ensuring water demand to create a good ecological status by WDF (Water-Framework Directive) and also the need to share natural water resources is becoming highly important, especially to mitigate the effects of climate change. This process is reinforced by various international conventions which also has an impact on the current cross-border water agreements.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130097685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays it is widely discussed both in the civilian and the military sector that the increasing value of human resources concurrently with a lack of effective / suitable labour force create problems at strategic level in the day-to-day operation of several organisations. Beside the fact that the lack of labour force is evident in the labour market and the negative effects of that are obvious in all sectors, it is more and more difficult to find valuable human resources / capital who not only meet the various health, psychological and psysical requirements but also have those personal core values that provide a basis for the development of military skills. The aim of my study is to review these human values and skills, and to examine the ways they can be improved with respect to / within the framework of the present education and training system.
{"title":"Gondolatok a katonai értékek változásáról az oktatás-képzés és kiképzés terén","authors":"T. Varga","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays it is widely discussed both in the civilian and the military sector that the increasing value of human resources concurrently with a lack of effective / suitable labour force create problems at strategic level in the day-to-day operation of several organisations. Beside the fact that the lack of labour force is evident in the labour market and the negative effects of that are obvious in all sectors, it is more and more difficult to find valuable human resources / capital who not only meet the various health, psychological and psysical requirements but also have those personal core values that provide a basis for the development of military skills. The aim of my study is to review these human values and skills, and to examine the ways they can be improved with respect to / within the framework of the present education and training system.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126890135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, those challenges and risks associated with the susceptibility of European Christian sacred sites to attacks and threats, and their protection and security are analysed, which have been identified in the context of the perpetration of terrorist acts affecting certain Member States of the European Union. In the research, the Christian sacred sites are examined in terms of the specialised field of facility protection. The model presented in the study uses a structural system of critical infrastructure that highlights theoretical and practical capabilities of the law enforcement sector and the private security sector in order to demonstrate the hypotheses outlined. To identify and explore security challenges and risks associated with Christian sacred sited, it is necessary to analyse the domestic and international legislative systems and guidelines of the facility protection, and the possibilities for intervening by the state and the private security sector, as well as relevant international examples enabling us to highlight the need to protect European Christian sacred sites.
{"title":"Az európai katolikus keresztény szent helyeket érintő új típusú biztonsági kihívások elemzése a kritikus infrastruktúraként történő azonosításának érdekében","authors":"Csaba Szabó","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, those challenges and risks associated with the susceptibility of European Christian sacred sites to attacks and threats, and their protection and security are analysed, which have been identified in the context of the perpetration of terrorist acts affecting certain Member States of the European Union. In the research, the Christian sacred sites are examined in terms of the specialised field of facility protection. The model presented in the study uses a structural system of critical infrastructure that highlights theoretical and practical capabilities of the law enforcement sector and the private security sector in order to demonstrate the hypotheses outlined. To identify and explore security challenges and risks associated with Christian sacred sited, it is necessary to analyse the domestic and international legislative systems and guidelines of the facility protection, and the possibilities for intervening by the state and the private security sector, as well as relevant international examples enabling us to highlight the need to protect European Christian sacred sites.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133029508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doctrine is a very important factor in the history of the country based on historical retrospect, because the President formulates the guiding principles for the general public and combines a military strategy, which means that it does not agree with other nations, and gives the United States of America free hands. With Obama, “an immense hopes of hope” started, hoping that the leadership of the international community would become constructive. Obama’s rhetorical abilities have enabled him to “hope” and “change” the voters. He could freely interpret his ideas from head to head, but with time it proved that his policy was only at the rhetorical level, the promised steps were often not taken. In addition to excellent speeches, foreign policy has lost its guiding principle. The authors, in their scientific dissertation, primarily focused on presenting the American health policy system, but they touch on some details of the US presidential election system and some elements of the security policy.
{"title":"Az „Obama-doktrína” biztonságpolitikai és egészségpolitikai vetületei","authors":"Sándor Pellek, Dávid Pellek","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Doctrine is a very important factor in the history of the country based on historical retrospect, because the President formulates the guiding principles for the general public and combines a military strategy, which means that it does not agree with other nations, and gives the United States of America free hands. With Obama, “an immense hopes of hope” started, hoping that the leadership of the international community would become constructive. Obama’s rhetorical abilities have enabled him to “hope” and “change” the voters. He could freely interpret his ideas from head to head, but with time it proved that his policy was only at the rhetorical level, the promised steps were often not taken. In addition to excellent speeches, foreign policy has lost its guiding principle. The authors, in their scientific dissertation, primarily focused on presenting the American health policy system, but they touch on some details of the US presidential election system and some elements of the security policy.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122561107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social Engineering (SE) uses methods and techniques of manipulation to obtain confidential information. Psychological operations (PSYOPS) is responsible for influencing and manipulating opposing parties. The similarity of the two definitions assumes correlation as follows. Information obtained by SE techniques can be used during the execution of PSYOPS for manipulation purposes. In this paper, I classify the information types required for a successful psychological operation in cyberspace and I propose SE techniques for each information type to obtain during PSYOPS.
{"title":"Social engineering alapú információszerzés a kibertérben megvalósuló lélektani műveletek során","authors":"Deák Veronika","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Social Engineering (SE) uses methods and techniques of manipulation to obtain confidential information. Psychological operations (PSYOPS) is responsible for influencing and manipulating opposing parties. The similarity of the two definitions assumes correlation as follows. Information obtained by SE techniques can be used during the execution of PSYOPS for manipulation purposes. \u0000In this paper, I classify the information types required for a successful psychological operation in cyberspace and I propose SE techniques for each information type to obtain during PSYOPS.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134595365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to show the historical development of the care for the poor especially military solicitude from the Ancient Near East to the Ancient Hellas and the Roman Empire. This paper presents the basic functions of the poor law systems (military solicitude), including the similarities of and differences between their in-kind benefits and pension payments and also outlines the prominent roles of the ancient associations and foundations. The article could be useful for all those who want to have a general overview of the disabled veteran’s, widow’s and orphan’s pensions and benefits.
{"title":"A szegények gondozása („hadigondozás”) az ókori Hellászban és a Római Birodalomban","authors":"Mihók Sándor","doi":"10.32563/hsz.2019.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2019.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to show the historical development of the care for the poor especially military solicitude from the Ancient Near East to the Ancient Hellas and the Roman Empire. This paper presents the basic functions of the poor law systems (military solicitude), including the similarities of and differences between their in-kind benefits and pension payments and also outlines the prominent roles of the ancient associations and foundations. The article could be useful for all those who want to have a general overview of the disabled veteran’s, widow’s and orphan’s pensions and benefits.","PeriodicalId":319017,"journal":{"name":"Hadtudományi Szemle","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130775748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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