Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2022-8-2-73-94
Denis Manakov
The author analyzes the methodology of working with contingent events and how the concept of contingent and other related concepts is conceptualized in post-Tridentine scholastic philosophy. In particular, the article examines the theory of moral modalities that emerged in the XVI–XVII centuries, describing knowledge about contingent and patterns of human behavior; the separation of physical and moral in the context of contingent reality produced by human will; as well as the concepts of probabilistic knowledge and the methodology of the sciences about contingent facts. Based on the analysis of the data of scholastic ideas and concepts, the author identifies the key characteristics of knowledge about the contingent and identifies the common core of approaches to the theorization of contingent events in post-Trident scholasticism.
{"title":"The Concept of Contingent in Post-Tridentine Scholastic Philosophy","authors":"Denis Manakov","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2022-8-2-73-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2022-8-2-73-94","url":null,"abstract":"The author analyzes the methodology of working with contingent events and how the concept of contingent and other related concepts is conceptualized in post-Tridentine scholastic philosophy. In particular, the article examines the theory of moral modalities that emerged in the XVI–XVII centuries, describing knowledge about contingent and patterns of human behavior; the separation of physical and moral in the context of contingent reality produced by human will; as well as the concepts of probabilistic knowledge and the methodology of the sciences about contingent facts. Based on the analysis of the data of scholastic ideas and concepts, the author identifies the key characteristics of knowledge about the contingent and identifies the common core of approaches to the theorization of contingent events in post-Trident scholasticism.","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122549259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-116-133
K. Jaspers
The paper presents an author’s translation of fragments of previously unpublished in Russian «Psychology of Worldviews» by the German philosopher Karl Jaspers. The excerpts have been chosen to illustrate the basic considerations of the philosopher and psychiatrist regarding the metaphor of the shell introduced to describe a rigid worldview standpoint that people take to obtain support and shelter from the vulnerability and the uncertainty of environment, while, at the same time, paying for the seeming stability and certainty with the loss of their vitality and intensity of experiencing their own life. As Jaspers highlights, the shell as antinomic in its nature, and the inner contradictions related to the antinomies are resolved at the psychological level of existence, when the shell is melted and moulded into a new form, rather than at the level of formal logic, involving the reason. The author also supplies the translation with some comments and his own considerations on the topic.
{"title":"Psychology of Worldviews (selective translation)","authors":"K. Jaspers","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-116-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-116-133","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an author’s translation of fragments of previously unpublished in Russian «Psychology of Worldviews» by the German philosopher Karl Jaspers. The excerpts have been chosen to illustrate the basic considerations of the philosopher and psychiatrist regarding the metaphor of the shell introduced to describe a rigid worldview standpoint that people take to obtain support and shelter from the vulnerability and the uncertainty of environment, while, at the same time, paying for the seeming stability and certainty with the loss of their vitality and intensity of experiencing their own life. As Jaspers highlights, the shell as antinomic in its nature, and the inner contradictions related to the antinomies are resolved at the psychological level of existence, when the shell is melted and moulded into a new form, rather than at the level of formal logic, involving the reason. The author also supplies the translation with some comments and his own considerations on the topic.","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125302755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-62-80
Igor V. Chindin
{"title":"Mythopoetry of V. Ivanov & Creativity of the Myth of D. Andreyev","authors":"Igor V. Chindin","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-62-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-62-80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134074498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-2-159-170
O. Tsvetkova
The article considers the problem of love and madness as opposite modes of human existence. Using the example of human interaction with artificial intelligence it has been analyzed from the point of view of the phenomenology of love and Ludwig Binswanger's Dasein analysis the reciprocal influence of madness and disintegration of intersubjectivity in the context of an anthropocrisis. It has been demonstrated that the full realization of a person is impossible in isolation from others, it is possible only in relationships with others, the highest form of which is love. A human being is a born possibility of a "generalized We", his task is to realize this possibility in a direct meeting of "We". Only through "We" can Dasein achieve its fullest realization. Love is defined as the essential structure of the human, the "fundamental form" that structures the human being and its failure causes madness. It has been considered the hypothesis of L. Binswanger about the failure of love in a psychopathological state, in connection with the perception of others as objects and the consequent impossibility of creating "We" as being-in-the-world-together, and about the form of treatment, which consists in opening the possibility of "We". A hypothesis has been put forward that the forced external limitation of the realization of intentionality to "We" can also affect the narrowing of the world-project and lead to madness.
{"title":"The Disintegration of Intersubjectivity: Madness as the Failure of Love (according to L. Binswanger)","authors":"O. Tsvetkova","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-2-159-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-2-159-170","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of love and madness as opposite modes of human existence. Using the example of human interaction with artificial intelligence it has been analyzed from the point of view of the phenomenology of love and Ludwig Binswanger's Dasein analysis the reciprocal influence of madness and disintegration of intersubjectivity in the context of an anthropocrisis. It has been demonstrated that the full realization of a person is impossible in isolation from others, it is possible only in relationships with others, the highest form of which is love. A human being is a born possibility of a \"generalized We\", his task is to realize this possibility in a direct meeting of \"We\". Only through \"We\" can Dasein achieve its fullest realization. Love is defined as the essential structure of the human, the \"fundamental form\" that structures the human being and its failure causes madness. It has been considered the hypothesis of L. Binswanger about the failure of love in a psychopathological state, in connection with the perception of others as objects and the consequent impossibility of creating \"We\" as being-in-the-world-together, and about the form of treatment, which consists in opening the possibility of \"We\". A hypothesis has been put forward that the forced external limitation of the realization of intentionality to \"We\" can also affect the narrowing of the world-project and lead to madness.","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"53 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114039917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-81-101
A. Maidansky
{"title":"Education and Nature: Lessons from the Zagorsk Experiment","authors":"A. Maidansky","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-81-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-81-101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116396829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-189-206
I. Sizemskaya
{"title":"Personalistic vision of the world – modus of Russian philosophical thought","authors":"I. Sizemskaya","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-189-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2019-5-1-189-206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128060171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-185-204
G. Levin
The article shows that all modern theories of analysis and synthesis, on one basis, are divided into classical and non-classical, and on the other, into realistic and anti-realistic. A realistic version of the classical theory, according to which analysis is a real or mental decomposition of the phenomena of the objective and subjective world into components, and synthesis is a real or mental combination of these components into a whole, is considered. The naive understanding of analysis, which includes in its task the cognition of the components of the object under study, and those relations that form it from these components, has been criticized. It is shown that the cognition of such relations is a task of synthesis. The history of the study of the problem of mental synthesis from Plato to modern nominalism is considered. Mental analysis and synthesis are compared with practical ones. Two stages of the history of practical analysis and synthesis are investigated — pre-scientific and scientific. The theories of analysis and synthesis, formed at these stages, are compared.
{"title":"Realistic Theory of Classical Analysis and Synthesis","authors":"G. Levin","doi":"10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-185-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2021-7-1-185-204","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows that all modern theories of analysis and synthesis, on one basis, are divided into classical and non-classical, and on the other, into realistic and anti-realistic. A realistic version of the classical theory, according to which analysis is a real or mental decomposition of the phenomena of the objective and subjective world into components, and synthesis is a real or mental combination of these components into a whole, is considered. The naive understanding of analysis, which includes in its task the cognition of the components of the object under study, and those relations that form it from these components, has been criticized. It is shown that the cognition of such relations is a task of synthesis. The history of the study of the problem of mental synthesis from Plato to modern nominalism is considered. Mental analysis and synthesis are compared with practical ones. Two stages of the history of practical analysis and synthesis are investigated — pre-scientific and scientific. The theories of analysis and synthesis, formed at these stages, are compared.","PeriodicalId":319029,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical anthropology","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123242297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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