Background: Medical equipment plays an important role in community health in critical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine and identify the factors affecting the management of medical equipment in crisis situations. Methods: The present study was conducted as a mixed qualitative and quantitative study in 2020. In the qualitative section using the targeted sampling method, ten medical equipment management experts and in the quantitative section using available sampling method, 200 managers and experts active in this field from hospitals and related companies were selected for this study. The qualitative part was conducted in two stages of reviewing texts and interviewing experts and in the quantitative part we evaluated the validity of the structure and the reliability of the questionnaire. Results: The validity of the structure was assessed using heuristic factor analysis. KMO index was 0.971 and Bartlett test was significant (P < 0.05). All six approved components in the content validity section, based on the mathematical model, explain and determine more than 77% of the variance related to the purpose of the study which is the management of medical equipment in COVID-19 pandemic situations. Conclusion: The results showed that the instructions, management, information technology, equipment, manpower, and physical space components had the highest and lowest priority in the management of medical equipment in critical situations, respectively. In this regard, appropriate instructions should be provided first and localized protocols should be communicated from the same source at the same time.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Medical Equipment Management in the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Study","authors":"V. khodadadi, A. Bakrani, M. Vafaie","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical equipment plays an important role in community health in critical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine and identify the factors affecting the management of medical equipment in crisis situations. Methods: The present study was conducted as a mixed qualitative and quantitative study in 2020. In the qualitative section using the targeted sampling method, ten medical equipment management experts and in the quantitative section using available sampling method, 200 managers and experts active in this field from hospitals and related companies were selected for this study. The qualitative part was conducted in two stages of reviewing texts and interviewing experts and in the quantitative part we evaluated the validity of the structure and the reliability of the questionnaire. Results: The validity of the structure was assessed using heuristic factor analysis. KMO index was 0.971 and Bartlett test was significant (P < 0.05). All six approved components in the content validity section, based on the mathematical model, explain and determine more than 77% of the variance related to the purpose of the study which is the management of medical equipment in COVID-19 pandemic situations. Conclusion: The results showed that the instructions, management, information technology, equipment, manpower, and physical space components had the highest and lowest priority in the management of medical equipment in critical situations, respectively. In this regard, appropriate instructions should be provided first and localized protocols should be communicated from the same source at the same time.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73010265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dilceu Silveira Tolentino Júnior, Eliseu Miranda de Assis, R. C. D. Oliveira
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from acute obstruction of a coronary artery which is responsible for a high mortality rate worldwide. The consequences depend on the degree and location of the obstruction and vary from unstable angina to non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. The symptoms are similar in each of these syndromes (except for sudden death), involving chest discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. The diagnosis is possible; thanks to the electrocardiogram that is essential and the existence or absence of serological markers. In addition to these initial resources, other diagnostic methods are noteworthy, such as stress electrocardiogram, echocardiography, nuclear cardiology, computed tomography angiography, and exercise test. Other necessary measures are the stratification of the identified cases according to the degree of risk, availability of a coronary intensive care unit, and the establishment of the opportune treatment that consists of oxygen therapy, analgesia, sedation, antiplatelet, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers drugs, reperfusion of emergency with fibrinolytic drugs, percutaneous intervention or, occasionally, myocardial revascularization surgery to provide the recovery and consequently a better quality of life for the patient. This brief review aims to discuss the available diagnostic and therapeutic resources and the appropriate risk stratification for adequate care for the victims of acute coronary heart disease promptly in a hospital setting.
{"title":"Diagnostic and Therapeutic Resources for Risk Stratification of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome","authors":"Dilceu Silveira Tolentino Júnior, Eliseu Miranda de Assis, R. C. D. Oliveira","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.01","url":null,"abstract":"Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from acute obstruction of a coronary artery which is responsible for a high mortality rate worldwide. The consequences depend on the degree and location of the obstruction and vary from unstable angina to non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. The symptoms are similar in each of these syndromes (except for sudden death), involving chest discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. The diagnosis is possible; thanks to the electrocardiogram that is essential and the existence or absence of serological markers. In addition to these initial resources, other diagnostic methods are noteworthy, such as stress electrocardiogram, echocardiography, nuclear cardiology, computed tomography angiography, and exercise test. Other necessary measures are the stratification of the identified cases according to the degree of risk, availability of a coronary intensive care unit, and the establishment of the opportune treatment that consists of oxygen therapy, analgesia, sedation, antiplatelet, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers drugs, reperfusion of emergency with fibrinolytic drugs, percutaneous intervention or, occasionally, myocardial revascularization surgery to provide the recovery and consequently a better quality of life for the patient. This brief review aims to discuss the available diagnostic and therapeutic resources and the appropriate risk stratification for adequate care for the victims of acute coronary heart disease promptly in a hospital setting.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"74 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85946167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Serum lipid levels are known to be affected by the level of smoking of individuals in an environment. The prevalence of current smokers in Nigeria is 10.4%. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the blood lipid levels of selected people of Sagamu, Nigeria. Methods: This study involved 100 subjects selected using random sampling method in Sagamu, aged 25 to 54 years. Hypertensive and Diabetic subjects were exempted. The weight in kg and height in meters of each subject were measured. The body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) was calculated. Lipid profile (LP) was determined by analytical method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 80 males and 20 females in the study population. 40 (80.0%) males and 10 (20.0%) females were smokers in the study group. There were 24 (48.0%) smokers and 27 (54.0%) non-smokers in the age group 25 and 34 years. Two (4.0%) smokers of the study group were obese while 4 (8.0%) were obese non-smokers. Eighteen (36.0%) smokers and 14 (28.0%) non-smokers were overweight. The average total cholesterol (TC) of 198.71 ± 2.30 mg/dL in smokers was significantly greater than 174.62 ± 1.51 mg/dL in non-smokers (P < 0.05). The mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of 56.74 ± 1.15 mg/dL in non-smokers was significantly higher than 40.87 ± 1.32 mg/dL in smokers (P < 0.05). The average TC of 195.38 ± 2.22 mg/dL in male smokers was significantly greater than 166.04 ±1.51 mg/dL in male non-smokers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The HDL levels in smokers are lower than non-smokers. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and TC in smokers are however higher. The lipid levels of smokers gotten from this study can be used as a baseline for future study.
{"title":"Comparing Lipid Levels of Smokers and Non-smokers in Sagamu, South-West, Nigeria","authors":"E. Taiwo., L. Thanni","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Serum lipid levels are known to be affected by the level of smoking of individuals in an environment. The prevalence of current smokers in Nigeria is 10.4%. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the blood lipid levels of selected people of Sagamu, Nigeria. Methods: This study involved 100 subjects selected using random sampling method in Sagamu, aged 25 to 54 years. Hypertensive and Diabetic subjects were exempted. The weight in kg and height in meters of each subject were measured. The body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) was calculated. Lipid profile (LP) was determined by analytical method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 80 males and 20 females in the study population. 40 (80.0%) males and 10 (20.0%) females were smokers in the study group. There were 24 (48.0%) smokers and 27 (54.0%) non-smokers in the age group 25 and 34 years. Two (4.0%) smokers of the study group were obese while 4 (8.0%) were obese non-smokers. Eighteen (36.0%) smokers and 14 (28.0%) non-smokers were overweight. The average total cholesterol (TC) of 198.71 ± 2.30 mg/dL in smokers was significantly greater than 174.62 ± 1.51 mg/dL in non-smokers (P < 0.05). The mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of 56.74 ± 1.15 mg/dL in non-smokers was significantly higher than 40.87 ± 1.32 mg/dL in smokers (P < 0.05). The average TC of 195.38 ± 2.22 mg/dL in male smokers was significantly greater than 166.04 ±1.51 mg/dL in male non-smokers (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The HDL levels in smokers are lower than non-smokers. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and TC in smokers are however higher. The lipid levels of smokers gotten from this study can be used as a baseline for future study.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81256562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Farshidmehr, Roozbeh Cheraghali, Hossein Zabihi Mahmoud Abadi, M. Nazari, A. Gilani, E. Rahimpour
Background: The primary patency rate (PPR) is still controversial in angioplasty and heart bypass surgery for blood vessel repair and reconstruction in patients with femoropopliteal disease. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prolonged PPR rate in patients with stenosis/occlusion of the femoropopliteal artery undergoing superficial femoral artery (SFA) and popliteal angioplasty. Methods: A case series study population consisted of patients demonstrating femoropopliteal artery occlusion referred to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran for angiography during 2016-2018. After angiography, patients underwent either stent placement or balloon angioplasty in the case of stenosis/occlusion of femoropopliteal arteries. After angioplasty, patients were followed up in the 3rd, 12th, and 24th months for re-examination, and color Doppler ultrasonography of femoropopliteal arteries was also performed to measure the patency rate. The SPSS Statistics version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. The Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test were utilized to evaluate this rate. Results: Sixty patients were included in the study, from which 44 were women (73.3%) and 16 were men (26.6%) with a mean age of 69.9 years. Fifty-two, 41, and 29 patients were examined at intervals of 3, 12, 24 months, with PPRs of 86%, 79%, and 68%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between claudication degree and procedure success (P = 0.02). Conclusion: The prolonged PPR rate of patients after femoropopliteal artery angioplasty was acceptable and was a safe and effective treatment. For future studies, an increase in the number of study variables, a more comprehensive classification, and PPR-related variables are suggested.
{"title":"Primary Patency Rate of Superficial Femoral Artery Angioplasty in Patients with Stenosis/Occlusion of Femoropopliteal Artery","authors":"P. Farshidmehr, Roozbeh Cheraghali, Hossein Zabihi Mahmoud Abadi, M. Nazari, A. Gilani, E. Rahimpour","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The primary patency rate (PPR) is still controversial in angioplasty and heart bypass surgery for blood vessel repair and reconstruction in patients with femoropopliteal disease. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prolonged PPR rate in patients with stenosis/occlusion of the femoropopliteal artery undergoing superficial femoral artery (SFA) and popliteal angioplasty. Methods: A case series study population consisted of patients demonstrating femoropopliteal artery occlusion referred to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran for angiography during 2016-2018. After angiography, patients underwent either stent placement or balloon angioplasty in the case of stenosis/occlusion of femoropopliteal arteries. After angioplasty, patients were followed up in the 3rd, 12th, and 24th months for re-examination, and color Doppler ultrasonography of femoropopliteal arteries was also performed to measure the patency rate. The SPSS Statistics version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. The Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test were utilized to evaluate this rate. Results: Sixty patients were included in the study, from which 44 were women (73.3%) and 16 were men (26.6%) with a mean age of 69.9 years. Fifty-two, 41, and 29 patients were examined at intervals of 3, 12, 24 months, with PPRs of 86%, 79%, and 68%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between claudication degree and procedure success (P = 0.02). Conclusion: The prolonged PPR rate of patients after femoropopliteal artery angioplasty was acceptable and was a safe and effective treatment. For future studies, an increase in the number of study variables, a more comprehensive classification, and PPR-related variables are suggested.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"172 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86715107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farshid Rahimibashar, A. vahedian-azimi, M. Salesi, Masoum Khosh Fetrat
Background: Endotracheal intubation (EI) associated with mechanical ventilation (MV) is frequently performed in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of important factors on the duration of tracheal intubation in patients with sepsis at the ICU admission. Methods: Adult patients admitted to the mixed medical–surgical ICUs with sepsis at the ICU admission who needs prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) (≥ 21 days) were included in this retrospective secondary analysis study. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of all patients were assessed as risk factors associated with the duration of MV by univariate and multivariate Binary logistic regression. Results: Eighty-five patients required more than 21 days of MV. Out of the 85 patients, 52 (61.2%) patients were intubated within 30 to 34.50 days and 33 (38.8%) patients had intubation within 34.51 to 65 days, and categorized as PMV and very prolonged MV groups, respectively. Two parameters were significantly associated with very prolonged MV which are as follows: older age 1.229 (95% CI: 1.002-1.507, P=0.048) and long hospital stay (LOS) 2.996 (95% CI: 1.676-5.356, P<0.001). No significant survival difference was observed between the two groups of study. (33.3% vs. 25%, P=0.406). Conclusion: Our observations showed that the older age and LOS as pre-ICU stay in patients with positive sepsis at the ICU admission can prolong the duration of intubation. In addition, no significant survival difference was observed between patients with PMV and very prolonged MV.
{"title":"Age and the Length of Hospital Stay in Patients With Sepsis at the ICU Admission can Prolong the Duration of Endotracheal Intubation","authors":"Farshid Rahimibashar, A. vahedian-azimi, M. Salesi, Masoum Khosh Fetrat","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endotracheal intubation (EI) associated with mechanical ventilation (MV) is frequently performed in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of important factors on the duration of tracheal intubation in patients with sepsis at the ICU admission. Methods: Adult patients admitted to the mixed medical–surgical ICUs with sepsis at the ICU admission who needs prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) (≥ 21 days) were included in this retrospective secondary analysis study. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of all patients were assessed as risk factors associated with the duration of MV by univariate and multivariate Binary logistic regression. Results: Eighty-five patients required more than 21 days of MV. Out of the 85 patients, 52 (61.2%) patients were intubated within 30 to 34.50 days and 33 (38.8%) patients had intubation within 34.51 to 65 days, and categorized as PMV and very prolonged MV groups, respectively. Two parameters were significantly associated with very prolonged MV which are as follows: older age 1.229 (95% CI: 1.002-1.507, P=0.048) and long hospital stay (LOS) 2.996 (95% CI: 1.676-5.356, P<0.001). No significant survival difference was observed between the two groups of study. (33.3% vs. 25%, P=0.406). Conclusion: Our observations showed that the older age and LOS as pre-ICU stay in patients with positive sepsis at the ICU admission can prolong the duration of intubation. In addition, no significant survival difference was observed between patients with PMV and very prolonged MV.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78208470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Kashyap, R. Jhamb, N. Singh, Krishna Sarkar, R. Avasthi, A. Khanna
Background: In December 2019, in Wuhan, China; a new coronavirus emerged that had not been previously identified in humans. Hence is crucial to characterize the infection risk among infected health care workers (HCWs), being responsible for secondary transmission to patients, and others. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the disease burden among the front-line warriors and efficiently planned the preventive and management strategies for such infections. Methods: HCWs with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection, who reported to Fever Clinic for possible diagnosis by Truenat testing, were enrolled through a self-reporting Risk Assessment form. An oropharyngeal swab was subjected to Truenat testing based on the principle of Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Doctors comprised 60% of our HCWs. Eighty-three percent of the HCWs under study reported either the presence of BCG scar or gave a history of BCG immunization at birth. The maximum number of HCWs (29.16%) took Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis for four weeks. Seventy-four percent of the HCWs affirmed the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at the time of exposure. The most common mode of infection reported was the exposure to COVID-19 patients. Fever was the most common reported symptom. Truenat was positive in 9 of 100 HCWs who were tested, giving an infection rate of 9%. Conclusion: The study provides insights into the burden of COVID-19 infection among HCWs, and guides us to evaluate and plan our preventive measures and management strategies for such infections.
{"title":"Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of Health Care Workers Diagnosed for COVID-19 by Truenat at a Tertiary Care COVID Hospital","authors":"B. Kashyap, R. Jhamb, N. Singh, Krishna Sarkar, R. Avasthi, A. Khanna","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In December 2019, in Wuhan, China; a new coronavirus emerged that had not been previously identified in humans. Hence is crucial to characterize the infection risk among infected health care workers (HCWs), being responsible for secondary transmission to patients, and others. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the disease burden among the front-line warriors and efficiently planned the preventive and management strategies for such infections. Methods: HCWs with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection, who reported to Fever Clinic for possible diagnosis by Truenat testing, were enrolled through a self-reporting Risk Assessment form. An oropharyngeal swab was subjected to Truenat testing based on the principle of Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Doctors comprised 60% of our HCWs. Eighty-three percent of the HCWs under study reported either the presence of BCG scar or gave a history of BCG immunization at birth. The maximum number of HCWs (29.16%) took Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis for four weeks. Seventy-four percent of the HCWs affirmed the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at the time of exposure. The most common mode of infection reported was the exposure to COVID-19 patients. Fever was the most common reported symptom. Truenat was positive in 9 of 100 HCWs who were tested, giving an infection rate of 9%. Conclusion: The study provides insights into the burden of COVID-19 infection among HCWs, and guides us to evaluate and plan our preventive measures and management strategies for such infections.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78897780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Due to the expansion of addiction treatment clinics and the costs that these clinics incur on the government and the families of addicts, monitoring the performance of these clinics and the need to pay attention to the principles of management, efficiency, and effectiveness is essential. Objectives: The present study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the management of addiction treatment clinics. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-applied and cross-sectional study conducted in 2019. Experts and academic experts have been considered as the research community, and 18 people were selected as the research sample by the purposeful snowball method. Data collection tools were the review of relevant national and international documents as well as semi-structured exploratory interviews. Finally, after collecting information from the interview sections and reviewing the sources, the data foundation and coding methods (open, axial, and selective) were used to classify the data. Results: The findings of the study showed that the effective factors in the management of addiction treatment clinics are dimensions such as organization, planning, control, guidance as well as leadership and treatment management. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the effective factors in the management of addiction treatment clinics can be a good basis to evaluate managers so that the policies and programs of the organization can be upgraded, modified, and reviewed.
{"title":"Identifying the Factors Affecting the Management of Addiction Treatment Clinics: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Iraj Abdi, Ali Komeili, L. Riahi, S. Tabibi","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the expansion of addiction treatment clinics and the costs that these clinics incur on the government and the families of addicts, monitoring the performance of these clinics and the need to pay attention to the principles of management, efficiency, and effectiveness is essential. Objectives: The present study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the management of addiction treatment clinics. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-applied and cross-sectional study conducted in 2019. Experts and academic experts have been considered as the research community, and 18 people were selected as the research sample by the purposeful snowball method. Data collection tools were the review of relevant national and international documents as well as semi-structured exploratory interviews. Finally, after collecting information from the interview sections and reviewing the sources, the data foundation and coding methods (open, axial, and selective) were used to classify the data. Results: The findings of the study showed that the effective factors in the management of addiction treatment clinics are dimensions such as organization, planning, control, guidance as well as leadership and treatment management. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the effective factors in the management of addiction treatment clinics can be a good basis to evaluate managers so that the policies and programs of the organization can be upgraded, modified, and reviewed.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76874919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Poor teaching and lack of proper relations between teacher and student and various other causes affect students’ academic burnout. Objectives: Present study was conducted to determine the relationship between educational justice and academic burnout in medical interns of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This study was descriptive and analytical. The number of samples was equal to 300 medical interns identified and entered by the census sampling method. Data were completed by two questionnaires (researcher-made educational justice and burnout standard) whose reliability and validity were confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 22. Results: There was no significant relationship between educational justice and academic burnout (P>0.05). Also, educational justice was below average and academic burnout was above average. There was a significant relationship between educational justice score and gender (P<0.05), and there was no critical relationship with other demographic variables (P>0.05). There was no significant relationship between academic burnout score and all demographic variables (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that causes other than educational justice have been influential on students’ academic burnout. Hence, it suggested that studies be conducted on high academic burnout and identify influential variables. On the other hand, although the relationship between the two variables was not significant, due to the low level of educational justice, the university’s need for fair educational opportunities, especially professors, should be considered.
背景:教学质量差、师生关系不合理等多种原因影响着学生的学业倦怠。目的:本研究旨在了解伊朗阿瓦士Jundishapur医科大学实习医师的教育公平与学业倦怠之间的关系。方法:采用描述性和分析性研究方法。样本数量为采用普查抽样法确定并输入的300名实习医生。数据采用两份问卷(研究者自编教育公平和职业倦怠标准)完成，并对其信度和效度进行了验证。数据采用SPSS Version 22进行分析。结果:教育公平与学业倦怠无显著相关(P>0.05)。此外，教育公正低于平均水平，学业倦怠高于平均水平。教育公平得分与性别有显著相关(P0.05)。学业倦怠得分与人口学变量均无显著相关(P>0.05)。结论:教育公平以外的因素对学生学业倦怠有影响。因此，本研究建议对高学业倦怠进行研究，并确定影响变量。另一方面，虽然这两个变量之间的关系并不显著，但由于教育公平水平较低，应该考虑大学对公平教育机会的需求，特别是教授的需求。
{"title":"Relationship Between Educational Justice and Academic Burnout in Medical Interns","authors":"A. Malakian, Mehdi Sayyah, Kowsar Motamed","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2021.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2021.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Poor teaching and lack of proper relations between teacher and student and various other causes affect students’ academic burnout. Objectives: Present study was conducted to determine the relationship between educational justice and academic burnout in medical interns of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This study was descriptive and analytical. The number of samples was equal to 300 medical interns identified and entered by the census sampling method. Data were completed by two questionnaires (researcher-made educational justice and burnout standard) whose reliability and validity were confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 22. Results: There was no significant relationship between educational justice and academic burnout (P>0.05). Also, educational justice was below average and academic burnout was above average. There was a significant relationship between educational justice score and gender (P<0.05), and there was no critical relationship with other demographic variables (P>0.05). There was no significant relationship between academic burnout score and all demographic variables (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that causes other than educational justice have been influential on students’ academic burnout. Hence, it suggested that studies be conducted on high academic burnout and identify influential variables. On the other hand, although the relationship between the two variables was not significant, due to the low level of educational justice, the university’s need for fair educational opportunities, especially professors, should be considered.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80759339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bidaki, Seyed Nader Mostafavi, S. Al-Saeed, M. Zarch, Motahhareh Karimoddini, F. Dehghani
Introduction: Parquet poisoning has been elaborated to be very common among developing countries, particularly in regions with agriculture economy. One of the most common presentations of paraquat poisoning is oropharyngeal burns. Herein, we report a patient from a dry and warm district in the geographic center of Iran where agriculture and, as a result, paraquat poisoning are not commonly reported. Case Presentation: A 25-year-old man presented to hospital subsequent to a suicide attempt by ingesting oral paraquat poison. He gradually developed odynophagia and trismus-like appearance that, after a psychiatric consultation, was misdiagnosed as a drug side effect in the form of dystonia. Upon further physical examination, oral ulcers on his tongue were revealed to be responsible for the symptom. Paraquat poisoning agriculture activities. In any patient with poisoning, however, it is necessary to consider intraoral examination to rule out any other suspected diagnosis.
{"title":"Giant Oral Ulcers Following Suicide Attempt by Paraquat Herbicide","authors":"R. Bidaki, Seyed Nader Mostafavi, S. Al-Saeed, M. Zarch, Motahhareh Karimoddini, F. Dehghani","doi":"10.34172/HPR.2020.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/HPR.2020.22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parquet poisoning has been elaborated to be very common among developing countries, particularly in regions with agriculture economy. One of the most common presentations of paraquat poisoning is oropharyngeal burns. Herein, we report a patient from a dry and warm district in the geographic center of Iran where agriculture and, as a result, paraquat poisoning are not commonly reported. Case Presentation: A 25-year-old man presented to hospital subsequent to a suicide attempt by ingesting oral paraquat poison. He gradually developed odynophagia and trismus-like appearance that, after a psychiatric consultation, was misdiagnosed as a drug side effect in the form of dystonia. Upon further physical examination, oral ulcers on his tongue were revealed to be responsible for the symptom. Paraquat poisoning agriculture activities. In any patient with poisoning, however, it is necessary to consider intraoral examination to rule out any other suspected diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87962809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aso Nasih Qadir, Bakhtiar Mohamed Mahmoud, T. Mahwi, Delman Al-Attar, S. O. Mahmood
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are responsible for days of costly hospitalization and are the major cause of medical lower limb amputations. Determining the appropriate antimicrobial therapy for DFUs is highly dependent on recognizing the microorganisms that cause them. Many reports have indicated that there has been a remarkable increase in antibiotic resistance. Objectives: The present study examined various cultures of patients with DFUs to detect the prevalence of microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity profiles. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 92 patients with DFUs admitted to Shar Teaching Hospital and Shahid Hemin Teaching Hospital. Wagner Classification was used to assess the severity and location of the DFUs. Patients were asked questions about their practices of foot care and hygiene, and their answers were recorded. Samples required for testing were taken using sterile swabs. Results: A total of 100 microorganisms were isolated from 92 patients with DFUs, 10 of which were polymicrobial and 2 were culture-negative. There was a highly significant association between the isolated gram-negative microorganisms and higher grades of DFU (P<0.001). A highly significant association was also observed between bad patient knowledge of hygiene practices and gram-negative microorganisms (P<0.001). Osteomyelitis was present in 40 (43.4%) patients. Conclusion: Among gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli were, respectively, the most frequent organisms isolated. The antibiotic imipenem was found to be effective against microorganisms. Tetracycline, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone, however, were highly resistant to antibiotics. To sum up, since different microorganisms are involved and multidrugresistant strains might emerge, clinicians are recommended to take cultures into account before they initiate empirical therapy.
{"title":"Prevalence of Microorganisms and Antibiotic Sensitivity Among Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Sulaimani City, Iraq","authors":"Aso Nasih Qadir, Bakhtiar Mohamed Mahmoud, T. Mahwi, Delman Al-Attar, S. O. Mahmood","doi":"10.34172/hpr.2020.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2020.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are responsible for days of costly hospitalization and are the major cause of medical lower limb amputations. Determining the appropriate antimicrobial therapy for DFUs is highly dependent on recognizing the microorganisms that cause them. Many reports have indicated that there has been a remarkable increase in antibiotic resistance. Objectives: The present study examined various cultures of patients with DFUs to detect the prevalence of microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity profiles. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 92 patients with DFUs admitted to Shar Teaching Hospital and Shahid Hemin Teaching Hospital. Wagner Classification was used to assess the severity and location of the DFUs. Patients were asked questions about their practices of foot care and hygiene, and their answers were recorded. Samples required for testing were taken using sterile swabs. Results: A total of 100 microorganisms were isolated from 92 patients with DFUs, 10 of which were polymicrobial and 2 were culture-negative. There was a highly significant association between the isolated gram-negative microorganisms and higher grades of DFU (P<0.001). A highly significant association was also observed between bad patient knowledge of hygiene practices and gram-negative microorganisms (P<0.001). Osteomyelitis was present in 40 (43.4%) patients. Conclusion: Among gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli were, respectively, the most frequent organisms isolated. The antibiotic imipenem was found to be effective against microorganisms. Tetracycline, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone, however, were highly resistant to antibiotics. To sum up, since different microorganisms are involved and multidrugresistant strains might emerge, clinicians are recommended to take cultures into account before they initiate empirical therapy.","PeriodicalId":32113,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Practices and Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73719494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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