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Lifestyle Changes and COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study 生活方式改变与COVID-19感染:一项横断面研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14011
Omid Toupchian, Sepideh Soltani, Elham Hosseini-Marnani, Fatemeh Eslami, Salar Poorbarat, Cain C. T. Clark, Javad Heshmati, Rezvan Rajabzadeh, Shima Abdollahi
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has evidently influenced people's lifestyle, particularly their health. In this study, the authors examined the association between dietary intake and lifestyle changes, and COVID-19 infection in adults living in Bojnurd, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted on 4425 adults from Bojnurd city, Iran, regarding changes in food consumption, physical activity, sleep duration, and the history of COVID-19 infection; data were collected online using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The associations between lifestyle changes and COVID-19 infection were assessed by multivariate- adjusted logistic regression models. Results: There were significant associations between lower odds of COVID-19, increased legumes consumption (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96), and increased physical activity (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95) during the pandemic; this was while increased intakes of refined grain (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.63), butter oil (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.73), processed meat (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.82), fast foods (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.40), honey (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.64), and coffee (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.09) were associated with higher odds of infection. Moreover, higher sleep duration (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.52), increased intake of multivitamins/minerals (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.35, 2.05), vitamin D (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47), and vitamin C (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.26, 1.84) were significantly associated with higher odds of infection, compared to the cases with no change. Conclusion: Increased intake of refined grain and high-fat foods may be associated with lower odds of infection. However, the cross-sectional design of the present study precludes causal inferences.
背景:新冠肺炎疫情对人们的生活方式尤其是健康产生了明显影响。在这项研究中,作者研究了生活在伊朗Bojnurd的成年人的饮食摄入量和生活方式改变与COVID-19感染之间的关系。方法:在这项对来自伊朗Bojnurd市的4425名成年人进行的横断面研究中,研究了食物消耗、身体活动、睡眠时间和COVID-19感染史的变化;数据通过研究人员设计的问卷在线收集。通过多因素调整logistic回归模型评估生活方式改变与COVID-19感染之间的关系。 结果:较低的COVID-19发病率与增加的豆类食用量之间存在显著相关性(OR: 0.76;95% CI: 0.61, 0.96),增加身体活动(OR: 0.74;95%置信区间:0.57,0.95);与此同时,精制谷物的摄入量增加(OR: 1.32;95% CI: 1.06, 1.63),黄油(OR: 1.34;95% CI: 1.03, 1.73),加工肉类(OR: 1.36;95% CI: 1.01, 1.82),快餐(OR: 1.65;95% CI: 1.13, 2.40),蜂蜜(OR: 1.34;95% CI: 1.10, 1.64)和咖啡(OR: 1.61;95% CI: 1.24, 2.09)与较高的感染几率相关。此外,较高的睡眠时间(OR: 1.25;95% CI: 1.02, 1.52),增加多种维生素/矿物质的摄入(OR: 1.66;95% CI: 1.35, 2.05),维生素D (OR: 1.22;95% CI: 1.01, 1.47)和维生素C (OR: 1.52;95% CI: 1.26, 1.84)与无变化的病例相比,感染几率较高。 结论:增加精制谷物和高脂肪食物的摄入可能与降低感染几率有关。然而,本研究的横断面设计排除了因果推论。
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 Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted on 4425 adults from Bojnurd city, Iran, regarding changes in food consumption, physical activity, sleep duration, and the history of COVID-19 infection; data were collected online using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The associations between lifestyle changes and COVID-19 infection were assessed by multivariate- adjusted logistic regression models.
 Results: There were significant associations between lower odds of COVID-19, increased legumes consumption (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96), and increased physical activity (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.95) during the pandemic; this was while increased intakes of refined grain (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.63), butter oil (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.73), processed meat (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.82), fast foods (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.40), honey (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.64), and coffee (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.09) were associated with higher odds of infection. Moreover, higher sleep duration (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.52), increased intake of multivitamins/minerals (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.35, 2.05), vitamin D (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47), and vitamin C (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.26, 1.84) were significantly associated with higher odds of infection, compared to the cases with no change.
 Conclusion: Increased intake of refined grain and high-fat foods may be associated with lower odds of infection. However, the cross-sectional design of the present study precludes causal inferences.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrition Transition in Iran: An Analytical Study of the Factors Related to Life-Style Regarding Non-Communicable Diseases in Recent Decades 伊朗的营养转型:近几十年来与非传染性疾病有关的生活方式相关因素的分析研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14005
Mahdieh Abbasalizad-Farhangi, Maliheh Barzegari
Background: In the current scoping review, nutrition transition and its consequences in Iran have been reviewed, and relevant health improvement policies have been described. Methods: This was an analytical study which concerned demographic, economic and socio-political context, nutrition, dietary patterns and related metabolic syndrome, or their consequences among Iranian population in recent decades. Results: In the last decades, socio-economic problems increased food insecurity, and unhealthy diet has been common. The prevalence of obesity was higher in urban areas compared with rural areas. There was also a high prevalence of nutritional risk factors; food choices tended to be less healthy; high-fat food choices has been increased, and there was lower physical activity. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases and metabolic syndrome including hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are progressively elevated. Conclusions: Urgent preventive strategies and policies by the government and healthcare community are essential. These strategies are necessary for promoting national health, increasing life expectancy, and decreasing metabolic syndrome, diet-related and lethal diseases including cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.
背景:在目前的范围审查中,审查了伊朗的营养转变及其后果,并描述了相关的健康改善政策。方法:这是一项分析性研究,涉及近几十年来伊朗人口的人口、经济和社会政治背景、营养、饮食模式和相关代谢综合征,或其后果。结果:在过去的几十年里,社会经济问题增加了粮食不安全,不健康的饮食已经很普遍。城市地区的肥胖患病率高于农村地区。营养风险因素也很普遍;食物选择往往不太健康;高脂肪食物的选择增加了,体育活动减少了。非传染性疾病和代谢综合征(包括高血压和2型糖尿病)的患病率逐渐上升。结论:政府和医疗界的紧急预防策略和政策是必要的。这些战略对于促进国民健康、延长预期寿命和减少代谢综合征、与饮食有关的致命疾病,包括心血管疾病和糖尿病是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Selenium Supplementation in Psoriasis Patients 银屑病患者补充硒的研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14001
Hadis Gerami, Atie Sadat Khorasanian, Azadeh Lesani
The Article Abstract is not available.
没有文章摘要。 ;
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 The Article Abstract is not available.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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引用次数: 0
Household Food Insecurity and Its Determinant Factors in Eastern Ethiopia in 2021 2021年埃塞俄比亚东部家庭粮食不安全及其决定因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14017
Tariku Derese, Yalelet Belay, Dilnessa Fentie, Kirubel Derese
Background: Many households in urban areas suffer from severe food insecurity. In Ethiopia, current economic recession, pandemic, locust invasion, and conflict, disproportionately aggravated the problems. This study aims to assess food insecurity in household and its factors in the Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess 616 households in urban areas of Eastern Ethiopia using simple random sampling. FANTA Indicator Guide (v.3) Questionnaires were used as data collection tool. Then, the information was entered into Epi-data version 3.02 and exported to SPSS version 21. To determine factors affecting household food insecurity, binary regression analysis was performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Model fitness was checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Results: The prevalence of household food insecurity was 41.7% (95% CI: 37.4–45.6). The following factors were determined as food insecurity predictors: household head's sex [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=1.75, 95% CI: 1.08–2.84], household head's education (AOR= 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.99), mother's occupation [AOR= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19–0.57], households with the medium wealth index (AOR =1.72, 95% CI: 1.06–2.78) and households with the lowest wealth index (AOR=4.01, 95% CI: 2.35–6.86). Conclusions: The prevalence of household food insecurity in urban areas of Eastern Ethiopia is high. The food insecurity was significantly affected by residency, education, occupation, and wealth index. The government should focus on socio-economic policies targeting the vulnerable and improve their economic status.
背景:城市地区的许多家庭遭受严重的粮食不安全。在埃塞俄比亚,目前的经济衰退、流行病、蝗灾和冲突不成比例地加剧了这些问题。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部家庭粮食不安全状况及其影响因素。方法:采用简单随机抽样的方法,对埃塞俄比亚东部城市地区的616户家庭进行了以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用问卷调查作为数据收集工具。然后输入Epi-data版本3.02,导出到SPSS版本21。为了确定影响家庭粮食不安全的因素,进行了二元回归分析,p值为<95%置信区间的0.05被认为具有统计学意义。采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验模型适应度。结果:家庭粮食不安全患病率为41.7% (95% CI: 37.4-45.6)。以下因素被确定为粮食不安全的预测因子:户主性别[调整优势比(AOR)=1.75, 95% CI: 1.08-2.84]、户主教育程度(AOR= 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33-0.99)、母亲职业[AOR= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19-0.57]、中等财富指数家庭(AOR= 1.72, 95% CI: 1.06-2.78)和最低财富指数家庭(AOR=4.01, 95% CI: 2.35-6.86)。结论:埃塞俄比亚东部城市地区家庭粮食不安全的发生率很高。居住、教育、职业和财富指数对粮食不安全有显著影响。政府应该把重点放在针对弱势群体的社会经济政策上,改善他们的经济状况。
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引用次数: 0
Weight Gain and Obesity during Quarantine due to COVID-19 COVID-19隔离期间体重增加和肥胖
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i4.14000
Mehrnoosh Shirdeli, Matthew Shirani, Ameneh Marzban
The Article Abstract is not available.
没有文章摘要。 ;
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引用次数: 0
Towards New and Robust Food and Nutrition Security and Sovereignty Outcomes in CARICOM Countries 在加勒比共同体国家实现新的和强有力的粮食和营养安全和主权成果
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.12691/jfs-11-2-5
Tigerjeet Ballayram, Fitzroy J. Henry
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引用次数: 0
Food Insecurity and Its Determinants among Rural Households in the Southern Region of Lesotho 莱索托南部地区农村家庭的粮食不安全及其决定因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.12691/jfs-11-2-3
Mamakase Grace Sello, Mahalieo Flora Motanyane, Nthabiseng Anna Mokhesi, Relebohile Ntsieane
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy of Children by Agro-ecological Zones of Ghana 加纳农业生态区儿童的饮食多样性和营养充足性
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.12691/jfs-11-2-2
Isaac Anane, Nie Fengying, Huang Jiaqi
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引用次数: 0
Dehydration among the Elderly: A Comparison between Nine Different Clinical and Metabolic Criteria 老年人脱水:九种不同临床和代谢标准的比较
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i3.13285
H. Raeisi-Dehkordi, Samira Shekarkhand, S. Faghih
Background: Dehydration, as a common problem in older adults, plays a significant role in morbidity and mortality. The elderly are more susceptible to dehydration and fluid deficiency due to age-related factors. There is not much literature concerning fluid intake in older adults. This study aims to investigate fluid intake and dehydration prevalence in older people and compare the accuracy of potential markers in the detection of dehydration. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 127 old people (48 males and 79 females) selected from a nursing home in Shiraz, Iran. Socioeconomic status was assessed via interview. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), urine specific gravity (USG), urine color (UC) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), and total body water (TBW) were measured. The fluid intakes were recorded using a beverage and fluid intake questionnaire. Total fluid intakes were compared using two fluid intake guidelines (European guidelines and US guidelines) as well. Furthermore, anthropometric indices were measured. Results: The mean age of participants was 73.01± 5.70 year. Fluid intake was 2.32 ± 0.48 liter/day.  Based on urine specific gravity (USG) (˃1.020) and SBP (SBP ˂ 100 mmHg), 9.4% and 14.2% of the participants were dehydrated respectively. Among all hydration criteria, ECW had the highest potential for detection which identified 72.4% of participants as dehydrated. Among fluid intake guidelines, US guidelines were the best in dehydration diagnosis (112 individuals out of 127). Conclusions: Although urinary markers and physical indexes (SBP and HR) could not be used to determine hydration status, BIA measurements, especially ECW, have the potential to detect dehydration. In addition, daily fluid intakes are still practical for assessment of hydration status.
背景:脱水是老年人的常见问题,在发病率和死亡率中起着重要作用。由于与年龄有关的因素,老年人更容易脱水和体液缺乏。关于老年人液体摄入的文献并不多。本研究旨在调查老年人的液体摄入量和脱水患病率,并比较潜在标志物在检测脱水方面的准确性。方法:本横断面研究选取了伊朗设拉子一家养老院的127名老年人(48名男性,79名女性)。通过访谈评估社会经济地位。测量心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、尿比重(USG)、尿颜色(UC)、生物电阻抗分析(BIA)、细胞外水(ECW)、细胞内水(ICW)、全身水(TBW)。使用饮料和液体摄入问卷记录液体摄入量。使用两种液体摄入指南(欧洲指南和美国指南)对总液体摄入量进行比较。此外,测量了人体测量指数。结果:参与者平均年龄为73.01±5.70岁。液体摄入量为2.32±0.48升/天。根据尿比重(USG)(1.020)和收缩压(SBP小于100 mmHg),分别有9.4%和14.2%的参与者脱水。在所有水合标准中,ECW的检测潜力最高,确定72.4%的参与者为脱水。在液体摄入指南中,美国指南在脱水诊断方面表现最好(127人中有112人)。结论:虽然尿液标志物和生理指标(收缩压和心率)不能用于确定水合状态,但BIA测量,特别是ECW,有可能检测脱水。此外,每日液体摄入量仍然是评估水合状态的实用方法。
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引用次数: 0
Chaya (Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius) for Enhancing Food and Nutrition Security of Arid Lands of Ethiopia 提高埃塞俄比亚干旱地区粮食和营养安全的刺槐(Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius)
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v8i3.13293
D. Gobena, Anbesse Girma Shewa, S. Abera, Kebede W/Tsadik, Getachew Neme, Wasu Mahamed
Background: Chaya is a drought tolerant, fast growing, perennial and nutritionally rich leaf. Its nutritional values vary depending on the environment and agronomic practices. Methods: Proximate compositions, minerals, and phytochemicals analysis of the newly introduced Chaya leaf grown at Dire Dawa (arid land), Ethiopia, were determined using official standard methods. Results: Moisture content, protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and carbohydrate were 5.63, 23.96, 8.98, 2.87, 9.05, and 49.49%, respectively. In addition, the energy content of leaf was found 374.62 kcal/100g. Mean values of each mineral such as calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) were 253.68, 68.02, and 4.85 mg/100g, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed that phenols, tannin and hydrogen cyanide contents of Chaya leaf were 1916.66, 176.53, and 102.00 mg/100g, respectively. Conclusions: Proximate composition, minerals, and phytochemicals make the plant valuable and a health promoting diet for communities settled in dry areas of the country. Therefore, Chaya has the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security, and health for the community suffering from malnutrition in drought prone areas.
背景:茶叶是一种耐旱、生长快、多年生、营养丰富的植物。其营养价值因环境和农艺实践而异。方法:采用官方标准方法对生长在埃塞俄比亚干旱地区的新引进的恰亚叶进行了近似成分、矿物质和植物化学分析。结果:水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、灰分和碳水化合物含量分别为5.63%、23.96%、8.98、2.87、9.05和49.49%。叶片能量含量为374.62 kcal/100g。钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)和锌(Zn)的平均值分别为253.68、68.02和4.85 mg/100g。植物化学分析表明,茶叶酚类物质含量为1916.66 mg/100g,单宁含量为176.53 mg/100g,氰化氢含量为102.00 mg/100g。结论:接近的成分、矿物质和植物化学物质使该植物对居住在该国干旱地区的社区具有价值和促进健康的饮食。因此,Chaya有潜力促进粮食和营养安全,以及干旱易发地区遭受营养不良的社区的健康。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Nutrition and Food Security
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