Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-490-497
E. N. Krotkova, V. E. Kratenok, T. V. Yasyulya, K. S. Ihumnava, V. M. Khauratovich, V. V. Kulinkina
The article considers the indicators of the staff composition within the infectious diseases service of the Republic of Belarus in different periods from an epidemic point of view. Calculations of infectiologists staffing levels and positions held concurrently as well as the approximate number of specialists involved in providing medical care to patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), were performed, the daily workload per infectious disease doctor was assessed.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF PHYSICIAN STAFFING WITHIN THE INFECTIOUS DISEASES SERVICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN 2016-2022","authors":"E. N. Krotkova, V. E. Kratenok, T. V. Yasyulya, K. S. Ihumnava, V. M. Khauratovich, V. V. Kulinkina","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-490-497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-490-497","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the indicators of the staff composition within the infectious diseases service of the Republic of Belarus in different periods from an epidemic point of view. Calculations of infectiologists staffing levels and positions held concurrently as well as the approximate number of specialists involved in providing medical care to patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), were performed, the daily workload per infectious disease doctor was assessed.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"60 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-498-503
S. N. Demidik, K. M. Surmach, E. N. Aleksa, N. G. Borisovskaja
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Thoracic radiography is used to detect pathological changes in the lungs or intrathoracic lymph nodes. The classic image finding of pulmonary sarcoidosis is bilateral, symmetrical hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement. Lymph nodes are spherical or ovoid shape and homogeneous structure, with smooth clear contours, and without perifocal infiltration and sclerosis. Atypical manifestations of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis can be detected rarely. The presented clinical case indicates the importance of high-resolution computed tomography in patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy syndrome. It has to be noted that the detection of unilateral or asymmetric enlargement of hilar lymph nodes, the enlargement of mediastinal and pericardial groups of lymph nodes does not exclude sarcoidosis as a possible cause of pathology and requires morphological confirmation of the diagnosis. The case is discussed from the standpoint of personalized medicine and clinical recommendations.
{"title":"INTRATHORACIC LYMPH NODES SARCOIDOSIS. A CLINICAL CASE REPORT IN INTERNAL MEDICINE PRACTICE","authors":"S. N. Demidik, K. M. Surmach, E. N. Aleksa, N. G. Borisovskaja","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-498-503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-498-503","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Thoracic radiography is used to detect pathological changes in the lungs or intrathoracic lymph nodes. The classic image finding of pulmonary sarcoidosis is bilateral, symmetrical hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement. Lymph nodes are spherical or ovoid shape and homogeneous structure, with smooth clear contours, and without perifocal infiltration and sclerosis. Atypical manifestations of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis can be detected rarely. The presented clinical case indicates the importance of high-resolution computed tomography in patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy syndrome. It has to be noted that the detection of unilateral or asymmetric enlargement of hilar lymph nodes, the enlargement of mediastinal and pericardial groups of lymph nodes does not exclude sarcoidosis as a possible cause of pathology and requires morphological confirmation of the diagnosis. The case is discussed from the standpoint of personalized medicine and clinical recommendations.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 s81","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-466-476
A. Ye. Hancharou, S. E. Aliakseichyk, A. H. Rynda, N. G. Antonevich, Yu. Yu. Pankratova
Background. The difficulty in diagnosing COVID-19 is associated with the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, and treatment is difficult because the course of the disease varies from asymptomatic to severe viral pneumonia, with a cytokine storm and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Certain hopes in the treatment of COVID-19 and ARDS are currently pinned on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their ability to influence the immune system and activate the regeneration of damaged tissues. The aim of the study was to improve the clinical efficacy of existing methods of treating patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome using cell therapy with pooled MSCs. Material and methods. The subjects of the study were patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia (U07.1 according to ICD-10), severe course, acute respiratory syndrome (U04) (study group (n=14) and comparison group (n=18)). Clinical and laboratory studies were carried out by routine methods using commercial test systems. Results. Good tolerability and safety of the method of treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 complicated by ARDS using pooled MSCs were shown. 57% of patients who received pooled MSCs did not need to be transferred to mechanical ventilation in the next 7 days. In the study group, 43% of patients survived (6 out of 14), which was significantly higher than in the control group (5.6%, 1 out of 18) (z=2.07; p=0.038). A correlation was found between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the outcome of a severe form of coronavirus infection, and criteria were established for selecting patients for cell therapy based on the level of LDH increase by no more than 1.85 times. Administration of pooled MSCs at LDH level higher than 519.8 U/l was ineffective.
{"title":"CLINICAL EFFICACY OF THE APPLICATION OF POOLED MESENCHIMAL STEM CELLS OF THE OLFACTORY LINING FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA COMPLICATED BY ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME","authors":"A. Ye. Hancharou, S. E. Aliakseichyk, A. H. Rynda, N. G. Antonevich, Yu. Yu. Pankratova","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-466-476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-466-476","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The difficulty in diagnosing COVID-19 is associated with the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, and treatment is difficult because the course of the disease varies from asymptomatic to severe viral pneumonia, with a cytokine storm and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Certain hopes in the treatment of COVID-19 and ARDS are currently pinned on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their ability to influence the immune system and activate the regeneration of damaged tissues. The aim of the study was to improve the clinical efficacy of existing methods of treating patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome using cell therapy with pooled MSCs. Material and methods. The subjects of the study were patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia (U07.1 according to ICD-10), severe course, acute respiratory syndrome (U04) (study group (n=14) and comparison group (n=18)). Clinical and laboratory studies were carried out by routine methods using commercial test systems. Results. Good tolerability and safety of the method of treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 complicated by ARDS using pooled MSCs were shown. 57% of patients who received pooled MSCs did not need to be transferred to mechanical ventilation in the next 7 days. In the study group, 43% of patients survived (6 out of 14), which was significantly higher than in the control group (5.6%, 1 out of 18) (z=2.07; p=0.038). A correlation was found between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the outcome of a severe form of coronavirus infection, and criteria were established for selecting patients for cell therapy based on the level of LDH increase by no more than 1.85 times. Administration of pooled MSCs at LDH level higher than 519.8 U/l was ineffective.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-483-489
Zh. M. Kozich, V. N. Martinkov, J. N. Pugacheva, N. N. Klimkovich
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease with the development of relapses, sometimes with an uncontrolled course leading to death regardless of the age of the patient. The use of new schemes and methods of treatment has not only significantly improved outcomes in younger MM patients but also improved the quality of life and survival in people over 65 years of age. Objective: to determine the clinical features of the course of the disease and response to therapy in patients of different age groups with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Material and Methods: An analysis of the data of 139 patients with newly diagnosed MM was carried out. The median follow-up was 25 months, with a maximum of 58 months. Patients were divided into study groups depending on age at the time of diagnosis: the first group - age up to 65 years (n=65); the second group - age from 65 years and older (n=74). The material of the study was clinical and anamnestic data, the results of laboratory blood tests: biochemical analysis and immunochemical analysis. All the patients underwent the whole body CT scan, diffusely weighted whole body MRI and bone marrow aspiration biopsy with immunophenotypic study. As an induction therapy, according to international recommendations, courses of chemotherapy were used using various regimens containing bortezomib, depending on age and comorbidity. Results. The MM variant with IgA secretion occurred 1.76 times more often in the first group (p=0.128). In the first group hypercalcemia was somewhat more common (2.4 times, p=0.099) and an excess of LDH levels (2.9 times, p=0.072). In contrast, the presence of infectious complications (by 1.2 times, p=0.392), excess of the level of β2-microglobulin > 3 mg/l (by 1.6 times, p=0.086) and kidney damage (by 1.45 times, p=0.037) were more common in the second group, and in the latter case the differences were statistically significant. Disease stage (p=0.0001), excess of β2 microglobulin level (p=0.004), excess of LDH level (p=0.03), presence of anemic syndrome (p=0.003), hypercalcemia (p=0.02), presence of infectious complications (p=0.01) at the time of diagnosis were predictors of worse survival in the general group of MM patients. Conclusion. The active use of new therapeutic strategies and regimens improves treatment outcomes not only in patients under 65 years of age, but also in older patients. New studies are needed to identify prognostic factors in individuals of different age groups in order to start personalized therapy and improve treatment outcomes.
{"title":"MULTIPLE MYELOMA: FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND RESPONSE TO THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS","authors":"Zh. M. Kozich, V. N. Martinkov, J. N. Pugacheva, N. N. Klimkovich","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-483-489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-483-489","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease with the development of relapses, sometimes with an uncontrolled course leading to death regardless of the age of the patient. The use of new schemes and methods of treatment has not only significantly improved outcomes in younger MM patients but also improved the quality of life and survival in people over 65 years of age. Objective: to determine the clinical features of the course of the disease and response to therapy in patients of different age groups with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Material and Methods: An analysis of the data of 139 patients with newly diagnosed MM was carried out. The median follow-up was 25 months, with a maximum of 58 months. Patients were divided into study groups depending on age at the time of diagnosis: the first group - age up to 65 years (n=65); the second group - age from 65 years and older (n=74). The material of the study was clinical and anamnestic data, the results of laboratory blood tests: biochemical analysis and immunochemical analysis. All the patients underwent the whole body CT scan, diffusely weighted whole body MRI and bone marrow aspiration biopsy with immunophenotypic study. As an induction therapy, according to international recommendations, courses of chemotherapy were used using various regimens containing bortezomib, depending on age and comorbidity. Results. The MM variant with IgA secretion occurred 1.76 times more often in the first group (p=0.128). In the first group hypercalcemia was somewhat more common (2.4 times, p=0.099) and an excess of LDH levels (2.9 times, p=0.072). In contrast, the presence of infectious complications (by 1.2 times, p=0.392), excess of the level of β2-microglobulin > 3 mg/l (by 1.6 times, p=0.086) and kidney damage (by 1.45 times, p=0.037) were more common in the second group, and in the latter case the differences were statistically significant. Disease stage (p=0.0001), excess of β2 microglobulin level (p=0.004), excess of LDH level (p=0.03), presence of anemic syndrome (p=0.003), hypercalcemia (p=0.02), presence of infectious complications (p=0.01) at the time of diagnosis were predictors of worse survival in the general group of MM patients. Conclusion. The active use of new therapeutic strategies and regimens improves treatment outcomes not only in patients under 65 years of age, but also in older patients. New studies are needed to identify prognostic factors in individuals of different age groups in order to start personalized therapy and improve treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"60 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-504-508
O. V. Gulinskaya, N. I. Prokopchik, A. V. Zhigimont, S. I. Zanevsky
There is now a significant increase in the detection of nodular thyroid masses worldwide, leading to fine-needle aspiration biopsies after ultrasound examination. Most cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (follicular and papillary types) present as nodular goiter, and the uncertainty of cytological diagnosis (Bethesda category III and IV) complicates the choice of treatment tactics for patients. Therefore, additional preoperative diagnostic methods are required to understand the nature of the mass, reduce the number of unnecessary operations, and improve the quality of treatment. A multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of nodular thyroid masses enables to make timely diagnosis, surgical treatment and a favorable prognosis.
{"title":"THYROID NODULES: MODERN STRATEGY AND CLINICAL EXPERIENCE","authors":"O. V. Gulinskaya, N. I. Prokopchik, A. V. Zhigimont, S. I. Zanevsky","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-504-508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-504-508","url":null,"abstract":"There is now a significant increase in the detection of nodular thyroid masses worldwide, leading to fine-needle aspiration biopsies after ultrasound examination. Most cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (follicular and papillary types) present as nodular goiter, and the uncertainty of cytological diagnosis (Bethesda category III and IV) complicates the choice of treatment tactics for patients. Therefore, additional preoperative diagnostic methods are required to understand the nature of the mass, reduce the number of unnecessary operations, and improve the quality of treatment. A multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of nodular thyroid masses enables to make timely diagnosis, surgical treatment and a favorable prognosis.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-460-465
S. A. Lialikau, S. B. Volf, I. A. Kurstak, S. N. Demidik, O. N. Mahiliavets, E. V. Kotova, N. E. Markevich
To date, over 270 million people have been ill with COVID-19 and more than 2 million have died. Tens of thousands of new cases of the disease are still registered in the world every day, so the assessment of the methods for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 associated pathology remains highly relevant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the variability of clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection depending on the results of serological diagnostics. Material and methods. 170 patients (88 women, 82 men aged 23 to 90 years) diagnosed with community-acquired interstitial pneumonia following SARS-CoV-2 infection were examined in accordance with the clinical protocol, in 80 of them the blood levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, CXCL8, and interferon-α were determined. Results. It was found that only in 34.09% of cases a negative PCR result for the presence of the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses in patients diagnosed with interstitial pneumonia coincided with a negative result of testing for IgG and/or IgM to the viral antigen. A positive PCR result was confirmed by the presence of elevated levels of antibodies in 64.29% of cases. In PCR-positive patients, stage II III respiratory failure was determined significantly more often than in PCR-negative ones (in 40.28% and 16.32% of cases, respectively, p<0.01), and their condition was more often regarded as severe and extremely severe (in 31.94% and 10.0% of cases, respectively, p<0.05). The level of antibodies was associated with the severity of the immune response to a viral infection: the volume of lung damage, the blood level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18, acute phase inflammation proteins, and the activity of intracellular enzymes were significantly higher in patients with elevated levels of IgG and/or IgM than in patients with negative results of these tests. Conclusions. The determining of IgM and IgG specific to the Spike antigen of the SARS-CoV-2 virus does not duplicate, but complements the molecular genetic study. PCR helps to detect the presence of the genetic material of the virus. Detection of the level of antibodies can be used to make a conclusion about the intensity and stage of the immune response to a viral infection.
{"title":"FEATURES OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2 INFECTION DEPENDING ON THE RESULTS OF SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS","authors":"S. A. Lialikau, S. B. Volf, I. A. Kurstak, S. N. Demidik, O. N. Mahiliavets, E. V. Kotova, N. E. Markevich","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-460-465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-460-465","url":null,"abstract":"To date, over 270 million people have been ill with COVID-19 and more than 2 million have died. Tens of thousands of new cases of the disease are still registered in the world every day, so the assessment of the methods for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 associated pathology remains highly relevant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the variability of clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection depending on the results of serological diagnostics. Material and methods. 170 patients (88 women, 82 men aged 23 to 90 years) diagnosed with community-acquired interstitial pneumonia following SARS-CoV-2 infection were examined in accordance with the clinical protocol, in 80 of them the blood levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, CXCL8, and interferon-α were determined. Results. It was found that only in 34.09% of cases a negative PCR result for the presence of the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 viruses in patients diagnosed with interstitial pneumonia coincided with a negative result of testing for IgG and/or IgM to the viral antigen. A positive PCR result was confirmed by the presence of elevated levels of antibodies in 64.29% of cases. In PCR-positive patients, stage II III respiratory failure was determined significantly more often than in PCR-negative ones (in 40.28% and 16.32% of cases, respectively, p<0.01), and their condition was more often regarded as severe and extremely severe (in 31.94% and 10.0% of cases, respectively, p<0.05). The level of antibodies was associated with the severity of the immune response to a viral infection: the volume of lung damage, the blood level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18, acute phase inflammation proteins, and the activity of intracellular enzymes were significantly higher in patients with elevated levels of IgG and/or IgM than in patients with negative results of these tests. Conclusions. The determining of IgM and IgG specific to the Spike antigen of the SARS-CoV-2 virus does not duplicate, but complements the molecular genetic study. PCR helps to detect the presence of the genetic material of the virus. Detection of the level of antibodies can be used to make a conclusion about the intensity and stage of the immune response to a viral infection.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-477-482
I. V. Nikalayeva, V. M. Sheibak, O. B. Astrouskaya, E. M. Doroshenko, V. Yu. Smirnov
Background. This article analyzes the effect of a course intragastric administration of oregonin on the microbiocenosis of parietal mucin, the morphological structure of the intestinal mucosa, as well as the formation of the amino acid fund of the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, liver and plasma. Objective. The aim of the study was to identify the mechanisms of the biological activity of oregonin when administered to normal animals. Material and methods. The experiments were performed on white female rats weighing 180-240 g. The animals were enterally administered with 0.005% aqueous solution of oregonin at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight for 10 days daily. The control group received equivalent volumes of saline. In samples of the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, liver and plasma, the concentrations of free amino acids and their nitrogen-containing metabolites were determined by HPLC. Morphological and microbiological studies were carried out according to standard methods. Results. In animals treated with oregonin, there were no negative changes in the structure of the jejunal wall. In the microbiome of the parietal mucin, an increase in the population of anaerobes was observed, due to the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. At the same time, a bacteriostatic effect was recorded against lactose-negative and gas -forming microflora. In the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, after the enteral administration of oregonin, the total levels of amino acids and nitrogen-containing derivatives, which are produced mainly by facultative anaerobic microflora, decreased. In the liver, the intake of oregonin led to an increase in the total amount of amino acids and their derivatives. The total content of proteinogenic amino acids and their nitrogen-containing derivatives also decreased in the blood plasma. Conclusion. Oregonin demonstrates a high biological activity when administered enterally to animals. Positive changes in the intestinal microbiome and increased production of mucin, on the one hand, probably inhibit the production of nitrogen-containing products by facultative anaerobes, and on the other hand, initiate the use of free amino acids for biosynthetic purposes in tissues, while preventing their catabolism.
{"title":"EFFECT OF OREGONIN ON THE MICROBIOME AND FORMATION OF THE AMINO ACID FUND OF THE INTESTINE, LIVER AND PLASMA","authors":"I. V. Nikalayeva, V. M. Sheibak, O. B. Astrouskaya, E. M. Doroshenko, V. Yu. Smirnov","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-477-482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-477-482","url":null,"abstract":"Background. This article analyzes the effect of a course intragastric administration of oregonin on the microbiocenosis of parietal mucin, the morphological structure of the intestinal mucosa, as well as the formation of the amino acid fund of the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, liver and plasma. Objective. The aim of the study was to identify the mechanisms of the biological activity of oregonin when administered to normal animals. Material and methods. The experiments were performed on white female rats weighing 180-240 g. The animals were enterally administered with 0.005% aqueous solution of oregonin at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight for 10 days daily. The control group received equivalent volumes of saline. In samples of the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, liver and plasma, the concentrations of free amino acids and their nitrogen-containing metabolites were determined by HPLC. Morphological and microbiological studies were carried out according to standard methods. Results. In animals treated with oregonin, there were no negative changes in the structure of the jejunal wall. In the microbiome of the parietal mucin, an increase in the population of anaerobes was observed, due to the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. At the same time, a bacteriostatic effect was recorded against lactose-negative and gas -forming microflora. In the microbial-tissue complex of the small intestine, after the enteral administration of oregonin, the total levels of amino acids and nitrogen-containing derivatives, which are produced mainly by facultative anaerobic microflora, decreased. In the liver, the intake of oregonin led to an increase in the total amount of amino acids and their derivatives. The total content of proteinogenic amino acids and their nitrogen-containing derivatives also decreased in the blood plasma. Conclusion. Oregonin demonstrates a high biological activity when administered enterally to animals. Positive changes in the intestinal microbiome and increased production of mucin, on the one hand, probably inhibit the production of nitrogen-containing products by facultative anaerobes, and on the other hand, initiate the use of free amino acids for biosynthetic purposes in tissues, while preventing their catabolism.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-453-459
T. V. Artsiukh, E. A. Sidorovich, D. V. Tapalskiy
This article presents up-to-date information on the phenomenon of intercellular communication in bacteria, its role in the expression of virulence genes and, in particular, in the spread of antibiotic resistance. The basic principles of quorum functioning inherent in all currently known bacterial communication systems are highlighted. The main signaling molecules (autoinducers) of intraspecies, interspecies, epinephrine and peptide communication have been analyzed. The role of blocking information communication (signaling molecules) between bacteria as an alternative to the discovery of new antibiotics against bacteria with extreme and complete antibiotic resistance have been evaluated. Key words: quorum sensing, signaling molecules, receptors, gene expression, quorum suppression.
{"title":"GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF BACTERIAL COMMUNICATION","authors":"T. V. Artsiukh, E. A. Sidorovich, D. V. Tapalskiy","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-453-459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-453-459","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents up-to-date information on the phenomenon of intercellular communication in bacteria, its role in the expression of virulence genes and, in particular, in the spread of antibiotic resistance. The basic principles of quorum functioning inherent in all currently known bacterial communication systems are highlighted. The main signaling molecules (autoinducers) of intraspecies, interspecies, epinephrine and peptide communication have been analyzed. The role of blocking information communication (signaling molecules) between bacteria as an alternative to the discovery of new antibiotics against bacteria with extreme and complete antibiotic resistance have been evaluated. Key words: quorum sensing, signaling molecules, receptors, gene expression, quorum suppression.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"39 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-509-514
Е. G. Koroleva, E. A. Klimovich, М. P. Mazalkova
The aim of the article is to analyze the most modern and effective approach to the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This disorder occurs quite often - up to 6.6% among other neuroses. To prescribe the right therapy, first of all, it is necessary to accurately diagnose it. Since GAD has a rather high comorbidity (combination with other neurotic disorders), diagnosis is often difficult, as a result of which the selection of therapy may be inaccurate. In addition, a number of factors play a role in the etiology of GAD - genetic, social (various stressful moments), as well as somatic predisposition. To date, no preference has been given in its etiology to any specific factor. They may vary from patient to patient. In this connection, in the diagnosis of GAD, a strict individual approach is important in the selection of therapy.
{"title":"GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER, ITS IMPACT ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND MODERN APPROACHES TO THERAPY","authors":"Е. G. Koroleva, E. A. Klimovich, М. P. Mazalkova","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-509-514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-509-514","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to analyze the most modern and effective approach to the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This disorder occurs quite often - up to 6.6% among other neuroses. To prescribe the right therapy, first of all, it is necessary to accurately diagnose it. Since GAD has a rather high comorbidity (combination with other neurotic disorders), diagnosis is often difficult, as a result of which the selection of therapy may be inaccurate. In addition, a number of factors play a role in the etiology of GAD - genetic, social (various stressful moments), as well as somatic predisposition. To date, no preference has been given in its etiology to any specific factor. They may vary from patient to patient. In this connection, in the diagnosis of GAD, a strict individual approach is important in the selection of therapy.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"61 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-429-433
S. L. Boyko, V. I. Voronets, A. Yu. Pavlyukovets
The article provides an outline of the history of the Faculty of Mental Health Medicine from the decision to create a new direction in medical education to the present 30th anniversary. The main stages in the formation of the faculty as well as brief biographies of the deans of the faculty are covered; the graduates who the university and the country are proud of are also mentioned.
{"title":"GRODNO STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY – 65 YEARS! THE FACULTY OF MENTAL HEALTH MEDICINE – 30 YEARS! OUR HISTORY AND OUR GRADUATES – OUR PRIDE AND CONFIDENCE IN THE FUTURE","authors":"S. L. Boyko, V. I. Voronets, A. Yu. Pavlyukovets","doi":"10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-429-433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-5-429-433","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an outline of the history of the Faculty of Mental Health Medicine from the decision to create a new direction in medical education to the present 30th anniversary. The main stages in the formation of the faculty as well as brief biographies of the deans of the faculty are covered; the graduates who the university and the country are proud of are also mentioned.","PeriodicalId":32244,"journal":{"name":"Zurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Medicinskogo Universiteta","volume":"115 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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