This essay is a subjective reflection on the nature of the computer bug. Using a statement-driven writing style that is inspired by the structure of code, I propose a new categorisation of bugs based on why and where they occur. What are the particular failures that lead to software and hardware errors? What do they tell us about the constitution of the digital world? And what can they teach us about ourselves and our relationship to machines? Drawing on my professional experience as both a software developer and an artist, I try to capture the bug not just as the technical problem it is most often described as but instead as a multi-layered phenomenon and a personal experience.
{"title":"The Bug (Up Close and Personal)","authors":"Philip Ullrich","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.05.a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.05.a6","url":null,"abstract":"This essay is a subjective reflection on the nature of the computer bug. Using a statement-driven writing style that is inspired by the structure of code, I propose a new categorisation of bugs based on why and where they occur. What are the particular failures that lead to software\u0000 and hardware errors? What do they tell us about the constitution of the digital world? And what can they teach us about ourselves and our relationship to machines? Drawing on my professional experience as both a software developer and an artist, I try to capture the bug not just as the technical\u0000 problem it is most often described as but instead as a multi-layered phenomenon and a personal experience.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127191234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This short (5.43 min) online video and accompanying research materials (an online collaborative board) situate DoriO's research into the platform-capitalism apparatus of Airbnb. Through a digital collage of screen captures and 3D photogrammetry, the work experiments with the aesthetics of Airbnb, inserting text-based interventions and spoken word into the interface that foreground the 'fails n errors' that the online marketplace propagates. Within this context, concerns about infrastructure are brought to the fore and questions populate the search bars of the website. DoriO began working on 'Earthbnb' during the Covid-19 pandemic. Confined during lockdown, the group each scanned their rooms using a 3D application and joined these together to form an online home of sorts. The film and accompanying materials share the process of conducting collaborative practice-based research during the pandemic.
{"title":"Earthbnb, from Platform to Planet: How the Interface Transforms Private and Public Space","authors":"DoriO","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.05.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.05.a3","url":null,"abstract":"This short (5.43 min) online video and accompanying research materials (an online collaborative board) situate DoriO's research into the platform-capitalism apparatus of Airbnb. Through a digital collage of screen captures and 3D photogrammetry, the work experiments with the aesthetics\u0000 of Airbnb, inserting text-based interventions and spoken word into the interface that foreground the 'fails n errors' that the online marketplace propagates. Within this context, concerns about infrastructure are brought to the fore and questions populate the search bars of the website. DoriO\u0000 began working on 'Earthbnb' during the Covid-19 pandemic. Confined during lockdown, the group each scanned their rooms using a 3D application and joined these together to form an online home of sorts. The film and accompanying materials share the process of conducting collaborative practice-based\u0000 research during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127200423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using artificial intelligence (AI)-authored texts as a baseline for reading literary originals can help us discern what is new about today's literature, rather than relying on the AI itself to embody that newness. GPT-3 is a language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text. Its writing is (in)credible at first sight, but, like dreams, quickly becomes boring, nonsensical, or both. Engineers suggest this shortcoming indicates a complexity issue, but it also reveals an aspect of literary innovation: how stylistic tendencies are extended to disrupt normative reading habits in ways that are analogous to the disruptive experience our present and emergent reality. There is a dark irony to GPT-3's inability to write coherently into the future: large language models are exploitative and wasteful technologies accessible only to multi-million-pound corporations. The commercial ambitions of the tool are evident in a curiously banal kind of writing, entirely symptomatic of the corporate-engineered sense of normalcy that obscures successive, irreversible crises as we sleep walk through the glitch era. Contrary to this, experimental literary practices can provoke critical-sensory engagement with the difficulties of our time. I propose that GPT-3 can be a measure of what effective literary difficulty is. I test this using two recent works,The Employees, a novel by Olga Ravn, and the 'Septology' series of novels by Jon Fosse. I contrast their 'experiential literature' with blankly convincing machine-authored versions of their work.
{"title":"Experiential Literature? Comparing the Work of AI and Human Authors","authors":"Nathan C. Jones","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.05.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.05.a5","url":null,"abstract":"Using artificial intelligence (AI)-authored texts as a baseline for reading literary originals can help us discern what is new about today's literature, rather than relying on the AI itself to embody that newness. GPT-3 is a language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like\u0000 text. Its writing is (in)credible at first sight, but, like dreams, quickly becomes boring, nonsensical, or both. Engineers suggest this shortcoming indicates a complexity issue, but it also reveals an aspect of literary innovation: how stylistic tendencies are extended to disrupt normative\u0000 reading habits in ways that are analogous to the disruptive experience our present and emergent reality. There is a dark irony to GPT-3's inability to write coherently into the future: large language models are exploitative and wasteful technologies accessible only to multi-million-pound\u0000 corporations. The commercial ambitions of the tool are evident in a curiously banal kind of writing, entirely symptomatic of the corporate-engineered sense of normalcy that obscures successive, irreversible crises as we sleep walk through the glitch era. Contrary to this, experimental literary\u0000 practices can provoke critical-sensory engagement with the difficulties of our time. I propose that GPT-3 can be a measure of what effective literary difficulty is. I test this using two recent works,The Employees, a novel by Olga Ravn, and the 'Septology' series of novels by\u0000 Jon Fosse. I contrast their 'experiential literature' with blankly convincing machine-authored versions of their work.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128720012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The term 'hallucination' is used in relation to both human perception and machine learning. ZYX is a sound work that considers how Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) might be made to hallucinate and how that differs from human hallucination, specifically hallucinations triggered by LSD and grief. The work consists of a voice-over accompanied by filtered speech sounds. Both elements were made through the development and application of an audio filter that overemphasises disfluencies in speech in order to force errors in ASR. The script for the voice-over was written using erroneous output generated this way. Given the problematic ethics of the capitalist development of ASR systems that misrecognise large parts of human speech, the work proposes the forcing of errors as a potential form of resistance—as a disruption to 'smoothness' and also as a generative writing method. The sound piece should be listened to on its own, preferably with your eyes closed. A link to endnotes will appear afterwards.
{"title":"ZYX","authors":"Anna Barham","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.05.a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.05.a2","url":null,"abstract":"The term 'hallucination' is used in relation to both human perception and machine learning. ZYX is a sound work that considers how Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) might be made to hallucinate and how that differs from human hallucination, specifically hallucinations triggered by\u0000 LSD and grief. The work consists of a voice-over accompanied by filtered speech sounds. Both elements were made through the development and application of an audio filter that overemphasises disfluencies in speech in order to force errors in ASR. The script for the voice-over was written using\u0000 erroneous output generated this way. Given the problematic ethics of the capitalist development of ASR systems that misrecognise large parts of human speech, the work proposes the forcing of errors as a potential form of resistance—as a disruption to 'smoothness' and also as a generative\u0000 writing method. The sound piece should be listened to on its own, preferably with your eyes closed. A link to endnotes will appear afterwards.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128264247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
'Democratise the Cyberspace!' is a personal reflection on the larger technological developments that fundamentally shape how we tell stories. It draws on discourses from media theory, art, activism, and media. I describe three phenomena that I identify as failures and errors, reflecting on how they influence storytelling. The first is the invisibilities of subjects and their lives that accompany these technological developments, which are reinforced along imperial and postcolonial axes. The second error is the public's widespread digital illiteracy due to a lack of a broader discourse and the manifestation of micro-temporal processing in digital devices. The final error is the potential for distortion of realities through artificial intelligence and the overreliance on the accuracy of numbers. The essay ends with a suggestion of how cultural workers can face these shortcomings.
{"title":"Democratise the Cyberspace! Storytelling in the Digital Era","authors":"Maria-Cecilia Quadri","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.05.a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.05.a4","url":null,"abstract":"'Democratise the Cyberspace!' is a personal reflection on the larger technological developments that fundamentally shape how we tell stories. It draws on discourses from media theory, art, activism, and media. I describe three phenomena that I identify as failures and errors, reflecting\u0000 on how they influence storytelling. The first is the invisibilities of subjects and their lives that accompany these technological developments, which are reinforced along imperial and postcolonial axes. The second error is the public's widespread digital illiteracy due to a lack of a broader\u0000 discourse and the manifestation of micro-temporal processing in digital devices. The final error is the potential for distortion of realities through artificial intelligence and the overreliance on the accuracy of numbers. The essay ends with a suggestion of how cultural workers can face these\u0000 shortcomings.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134195219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The field of feminist infrastructures has shown that technologies are not neutral and, in fact, embody patriarchal and colonial assumptions. The emerging literature and practices of this field show that feminist infrastructures are not limited to the status-quo—there will always be escapes and hacks. By carrying out a two-year action-research project on community networks and feminist infrastructure in a traditionally black Brazilian community (the quilombos), we realised that social interactions with autonomous infrastructure and networks are intersected by discussions, conflicts and negotiations. Similarly, so is the process of researching. What are the challenges when translating feminist intentions to building infrastructure and digital networks while doing participatory research? This article explores what feminist by design means in our experience. Our main sources of information are the field notes and partial reports from our action-research project, the literature reviewed in this process, and semi-structured interviews conducted with community members. Rather than arriving at final answers, we intend to reflect on what we learned from our project. We hope to open our own experience to others and promote knowledge exchange around feminist practices, ethics, technologies and research.
{"title":"Feminist by Design and Designed by Diverse Feminists: Reflections on a Community\u0000 Network Project in Brazil","authors":"Bruna Zanolli, D. Prado","doi":"10.37198/apria.04.04.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.04.04.a5","url":null,"abstract":"The field of feminist infrastructures has shown that technologies are not neutral and, in fact, embody patriarchal and colonial assumptions. The emerging literature and practices of this field show that feminist infrastructures are not limited to the status-quo—there will always be escapes and hacks. By carrying out a two-year action-research project on community networks and feminist infrastructure in a traditionally black Brazilian community (the quilombos), we realised that social interactions with autonomous infrastructure and networks are intersected by discussions, conflicts and negotiations. Similarly, so is the process of researching. What are the challenges when translating feminist intentions to building infrastructure and digital networks while doing participatory research? This article explores what feminist by design means in our experience. Our main sources of information are the field notes and partial reports from our action-research project, the literature reviewed in this process, and semi-structured interviews conducted with community members. Rather than arriving at final answers, we intend to reflect on what we learned from our project. We hope to open our own experience to others and promote knowledge exchange around feminist practices, ethics, technologies and research.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"12 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123651857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urgent Publishing After the Artist's Book: Making Public in Movements Towards Liberation","authors":"Paul Soulellis","doi":"10.37198/apria.03.03.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.03.03.a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124318931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we try to outline the philosophical and technical background that informs the architecture of our web-based project 'All Sources Are Broken,' an online publishing platform that enables cross-referencing media, as well as an artistic experiment about the archive and hyperlink obsolescence. We also address the artistic practices that contribute to defining the project as a decelerated post-digital strategy, in order to frame it within the context of what we feel like is the main urgency in the scope of information systems today: media and self-education and cultural activism.
{"title":"Reframe the Network: Parallel Narratives and Media Obsolescence as Post-Digital Publishing Practice","authors":"Labor Neunzehn","doi":"10.37198/apria.03.03.a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37198/apria.03.03.a4","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we try to outline the philosophical and technical background that informs the architecture of our web-based project 'All Sources Are Broken,' an online publishing platform that enables cross-referencing media, as well as an artistic experiment about the archive and\u0000 hyperlink obsolescence. We also address the artistic practices that contribute to defining the project as a decelerated post-digital strategy, in order to frame it within the context of what we feel like is the main urgency in the scope of information systems today: media and self-education\u0000 and cultural activism.","PeriodicalId":322497,"journal":{"name":"APRIA Journal","volume":"37 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126087697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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