The emergence of this school is connected with the name of the author of this article, and its autobiographical nature is determined by this fact. To begin with I moved to Yerevan in autumn 1957 after completing the postgraduate program at the Mechanics and Mathematics Faculty at Moscow State University, which was conducted under the supervision of professor Alexei Andreevich Lyapunov. It was the time when our country was actively developing electronic machines, computer centers and departments of Computational Mathematics were opening all over the country. Armenia kept up with the times. In 1956 Yerevan Research Institute of Mathematical Machines (YerRI MM) was established, whose task was to develop computers both for general and special purpose. Its first director was corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences Sergei Nikitovich Mergelian. Later, he entered the first Scientific Council on Cybernetics and his activities on YerRI MM organization found reflection in Yerevan society in the name of this institution as “Mergelian's institute”. In late 1957, a Computing Centre was organized as a part of the Armenian Academy of Sciences.
{"title":"On Creation and Work of the Yerevan School of Programming","authors":"R. Podlovchenko","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.12","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of this school is connected with the name of the author of this article, and its autobiographical nature is determined by this fact. To begin with I moved to Yerevan in autumn 1957 after completing the postgraduate program at the Mechanics and Mathematics Faculty at Moscow State University, which was conducted under the supervision of professor Alexei Andreevich Lyapunov. It was the time when our country was actively developing electronic machines, computer centers and departments of Computational Mathematics were opening all over the country. Armenia kept up with the times. In 1956 Yerevan Research Institute of Mathematical Machines (YerRI MM) was established, whose task was to develop computers both for general and special purpose. Its first director was corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences Sergei Nikitovich Mergelian. Later, he entered the first Scientific Council on Cybernetics and his activities on YerRI MM organization found reflection in Yerevan society in the name of this institution as “Mergelian's institute”. In late 1957, a Computing Centre was organized as a part of the Armenian Academy of Sciences.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129280918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper dwells on the national practices of applying the methods typical of exact sciences -- mathematics and computer science -- to humanities such as historical studies, source studies, museology, archive science and librarianship, insofar as the collection of artifacts and the historical, scholarly and cultural heritage are concerned. The methodological foundation of this interaction is interdisciplinarity.
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Interaction of Exact Sciences and Humanities: Methodology and History","authors":"A. Marchuk, I. Krayneva","doi":"10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.44","url":null,"abstract":"The paper dwells on the national practices of applying the methods typical of exact sciences -- mathematics and computer science -- to humanities such as historical studies, source studies, museology, archive science and librarianship, insofar as the collection of artifacts and the historical, scholarly and cultural heritage are concerned. The methodological foundation of this interaction is interdisciplinarity.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127524312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several typical features of the science-and technology picture of that time, primarily in computer engineering, numerical methods and programming are described.
描述了当时科学技术图景的几个典型特征，主要是在计算机工程、数值方法和程序设计方面。
{"title":"At the Rise of Creation of Real-Time Control Programs","authors":"G. Ryabov","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.34","url":null,"abstract":"Several typical features of the science-and technology picture of that time, primarily in computer engineering, numerical methods and programming are described.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"52 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123471464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computer Technologies to Support Research and Development Activities in the Project of the Aerospace System Buran
支持航空航天系统项目研究和发展活动的计算机技术
{"title":"Computer Technologies to Support Research and Development Activities in the Project of the Aerospace System Buran","authors":"V. Krivoruchenko","doi":"10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.20","url":null,"abstract":"Computer Technologies to Support Research and Development Activities in the Project of the Aerospace System Buran","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129563635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article investigates problems concerned the history of electric power systems automation in the creation of the Unified Energy System of the Soviet Union (USSR UES). Through the efforts of the scientific staff of the Energy Institute named after G.M. Krzhyzhanovsky in the first half of the 1970s, the automated system covered the entire process of industrial production, transmission and distribution of electricity, as well as the procedure for making management decisions.
{"title":"Soviet Experience in Implementation of Industrial ACS: To the History of the Unified Energy System of the USSR (1957-1975 Years)","authors":"Rimma Paramonova","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.37","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates problems concerned the history of electric power systems automation in the creation of the Unified Energy System of the Soviet Union (USSR UES). Through the efforts of the scientific staff of the Energy Institute named after G.M. Krzhyzhanovsky in the first half of the 1970s, the automated system covered the entire process of industrial production, transmission and distribution of electricity, as well as the procedure for making management decisions.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122891828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper highlights certain important pages of computer science history that are virtually unknown not only to the general scientific community both in Russia and abroad, but to many computer and telecommunications specialists as well. Attention is brought to achievements of the team of scientists and engineers at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (LPI) attained in development of real-time computerized systems designed in mid-90th to support launching missiles and putting artificial Earth satellites in orbit. Discussed are problems related to early ballistic trajectories parameters' measurement and processing, which necessitated innovative design and construction of specialized digital computers of the Quartz and Temp series. Described is the subsequent invention of unique hardware that was based on original diodless ferrite logic elements (ferrite-ferrite logic) en mass assembled and packaged into compact shielded construction modules ("plates"). The variety of ready-made off-the-shelf plates has offered a wide range of complex functionality and has led to design of various extremely reliable automated control systems (ACS) that were extensively used both in the space research and the defense projects of the USSR. The key role of University research is emphasized and the progress stages of Professor Taras N. Sokolov's school of thought are mentioned. The relevant events in the period of confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the cold war and the space race are revealed. The text is accompanied by numerous links to serve as a guide to references given in bibliography.
{"title":"Automated Measurement and Control Systems for Spacecrafts and Missile Launches in the USSR: The Pioneering Role of the Elite Engineering Corps of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute","authors":"A. Glebovsky, V. Ivanov","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.18","url":null,"abstract":"The paper highlights certain important pages of computer science history that are virtually unknown not only to the general scientific community both in Russia and abroad, but to many computer and telecommunications specialists as well. Attention is brought to achievements of the team of scientists and engineers at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (LPI) attained in development of real-time computerized systems designed in mid-90th to support launching missiles and putting artificial Earth satellites in orbit. Discussed are problems related to early ballistic trajectories parameters' measurement and processing, which necessitated innovative design and construction of specialized digital computers of the Quartz and Temp series. Described is the subsequent invention of unique hardware that was based on original diodless ferrite logic elements (ferrite-ferrite logic) en mass assembled and packaged into compact shielded construction modules (\"plates\"). The variety of ready-made off-the-shelf plates has offered a wide range of complex functionality and has led to design of various extremely reliable automated control systems (ACS) that were extensively used both in the space research and the defense projects of the USSR. The key role of University research is emphasized and the progress stages of Professor Taras N. Sokolov's school of thought are mentioned. The relevant events in the period of confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the cold war and the space race are revealed. The text is accompanied by numerous links to serve as a guide to references given in bibliography.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126054109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the History of "Microprocessor Devices and Systems" Journal
摘自《微处理器设备与系统》历史期刊
{"title":"From the History of \"Microprocessor Devices and Systems\" Journal","authors":"G. Gromov","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.49","url":null,"abstract":"From the History of \"Microprocessor Devices and Systems\" Journal","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134639130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Internal memory devices and systems of four generations of computers and computer systems have been considered in this paper. These devices and systems were developed by M.A. Kartsev and under his supervision since early 1950s until 1983, from the computer M-2 to the system M-13. Features and positive properties of memory developments have been noted. They have largely determined high performance characteristics of computing devices in general.
{"title":"Internal Memory Devices and Systems in the Works of M.A. Kartsev","authors":"A. Krupski, V. Zenin","doi":"10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SoRuCom.2014.13","url":null,"abstract":"Internal memory devices and systems of four generations of computers and computer systems have been considered in this paper. These devices and systems were developed by M.A. Kartsev and under his supervision since early 1950s until 1983, from the computer M-2 to the system M-13. Features and positive properties of memory developments have been noted. They have largely determined high performance characteristics of computing devices in general.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134484096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Works of Gaines B. R., Poppelbaum W. J., Ribeiro S. T. laid the foundation for the development of the class of stochastic computing machines (SCM), the main arithmetic units of which are implemented on a digital element base. In this case, an algorithm for solving problems in analog computing machines (ACM) as well as in digital integrating machines (DIM), is determined through the method of combining elements that perform mathematical operations and real variables in general are linearly related to machine variables in the form of probabilities of random symbols 1 or 0 occurrence at discrete points in time t. Such choice of machine variables and, as a consequence, the stochastic (probabilistic) principle of operations implementation is associated with specific sequences of characters abstraction that introduces specifics not only into methods of constructing SCM devices but also into methods of their research.
Gaines B. R.， Poppelbaum W. J.， Ribeiro S. T.的作品为随机计算机(SCM)的发展奠定了基础，其中主要的算术单元是在数字元素基础上实现的。在这种情况下，解决模拟计算机(ACM)和数字积分机(DIM)问题的算法是通过将执行数学运算的元素和实际变量组合在一起的方法确定的，这些变量通常以随机符号1或0在时间t离散点出现的概率的形式与机器变量线性相关。操作实现的随机(概率)原理与特定的字符序列有关，抽象不仅在构造SCM设备的方法中引入了细节，而且还引入了研究它们的方法。
{"title":"Computing Machines and Devices Based on Probabilistic Principle","authors":"Boris Kiryanov, Valeriy A Kuznetsov, V. Pesoshin","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.23","url":null,"abstract":"Works of Gaines B. R., Poppelbaum W. J., Ribeiro S. T. laid the foundation for the development of the class of stochastic computing machines (SCM), the main arithmetic units of which are implemented on a digital element base. In this case, an algorithm for solving problems in analog computing machines (ACM) as well as in digital integrating machines (DIM), is determined through the method of combining elements that perform mathematical operations and real variables in general are linearly related to machine variables in the form of probabilities of random symbols 1 or 0 occurrence at discrete points in time t. Such choice of machine variables and, as a consequence, the stochastic (probabilistic) principle of operations implementation is associated with specific sequences of characters abstraction that introduces specifics not only into methods of constructing SCM devices but also into methods of their research.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132492358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This report presents the results of the research, study and formation of the array of archival documents as a base for the biography of academician Guriy Ivanovich Marchuk, a distinguished Russian scientist and organizer of science.
{"title":"Academician G.I. Marchuk: Documentary Biography Pages","authors":"N. Kupershtokh","doi":"10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SORUCOM.2014.7","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents the results of the research, study and formation of the array of archival documents as a base for the biography of academician Guriy Ivanovich Marchuk, a distinguished Russian scientist and organizer of science.","PeriodicalId":322555,"journal":{"name":"2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133060687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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