Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1103
Tamires Da Conceição Mendes Semedo, Geocleber Gomes de Sousa, Henderson Castelo Sousa, Bubacar Baldé, Carla Ingryd Nojosa Lessa, José Thomas Machado de Sousa
Salt stress negatively affects the emergence and initial growth of crops. However, the use of protected environments emerges as an alternative to enhance these parameters. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different environments and the salinity of the irrigation water on the emergence and development of yellow passion-fruit seedlings. The experiment was conducted at the University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, in the city of Redenção, Ceará. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a subdivided plot scheme, with four cultivation environments under different shading screens (black screen; white screen; red screen; all with 50% shading; and full sun), and two electrical conductivities of irrigation water: 0.3 dS m-1 and 3.0 dS m-1, with five repetitions of 25 seeds. The protected environment with 50% black roofing stood out from the others providing a better percentage of emergence, seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves and radicle length in yellow passion-fruit. The deleterious effects of salts on the rate of emergence and shoot dry matter were reduced when the 50% black shade cloth was used. Irrigation with water of higher conductivity caused reductions and retardation in the emergence of passion-fruit. Besides negatively affecting seedling height, stem diameter and shoot dry matter.
{"title":"Salt stress and ambience in the culture of yellow passion-fruit","authors":"Tamires Da Conceição Mendes Semedo, Geocleber Gomes de Sousa, Henderson Castelo Sousa, Bubacar Baldé, Carla Ingryd Nojosa Lessa, José Thomas Machado de Sousa","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1103","url":null,"abstract":"Salt stress negatively affects the emergence and initial growth of crops. However, the use of protected environments emerges as an alternative to enhance these parameters. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different environments and the salinity of the irrigation water on the emergence and development of yellow passion-fruit seedlings. The experiment was conducted at the University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, in the city of Redenção, Ceará. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a subdivided plot scheme, with four cultivation environments under different shading screens (black screen; white screen; red screen; all with 50% shading; and full sun), and two electrical conductivities of irrigation water: 0.3 dS m-1 and 3.0 dS m-1, with five repetitions of 25 seeds. The protected environment with 50% black roofing stood out from the others providing a better percentage of emergence, seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves and radicle length in yellow passion-fruit. The deleterious effects of salts on the rate of emergence and shoot dry matter were reduced when the 50% black shade cloth was used. Irrigation with water of higher conductivity caused reductions and retardation in the emergence of passion-fruit. Besides negatively affecting seedling height, stem diameter and shoot dry matter.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48518810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1098
Davidson Silva Ribeiro, Flávia Vilela Corrêa, Pâmela Rafanele França Pinto, M. Thebaldi, Fábio Ponciano de Deus, Adriano Valentim Diotto
The Trifluralin (TFN) is a pre-emergent herbicide which is widely used in agriculture. Usually, this pesticide is directly applied to the soil, where it can remain for long periods or can be transported. In this sense, knowing the dynamics of an herbicide soil transport is essential to avoid environmental contamination problems and risks to human health. Thus, this study aims to model and simulate TFN movement on soils with two different textures, a sandy loam and clay loam soil. It was considered that the herbicide was applied via chemigation trough a subsurface drip irrigation system, under a non-steady regime. Therefore, the transport parameters of TFN in these soils and physical-hydric characteristics of these were used, while the physical environment modeling were conducted using the Hydrus 2D software. The results showed that both in sandy and clayey soils, the TFN tends to be retained by the soil, close to where it was applied, not exceeding a layer greater than 2.5 mm outside the dripper radius, even in more favorable conditions such as the presence of irrigation. Finally, it could be concluded that this herbicide movement in the soil is of low potential, due to this product high solid-liquid partition coefficient (Kd), even in sandy soil, which has low cation exchange capacity (CEC).
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of trifluralin herbicide movement due to its application on soils by chemigation","authors":"Davidson Silva Ribeiro, Flávia Vilela Corrêa, Pâmela Rafanele França Pinto, M. Thebaldi, Fábio Ponciano de Deus, Adriano Valentim Diotto","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1098","url":null,"abstract":"The Trifluralin (TFN) is a pre-emergent herbicide which is widely used in agriculture. Usually, this pesticide is directly applied to the soil, where it can remain for long periods or can be transported. In this sense, knowing the dynamics of an herbicide soil transport is essential to avoid environmental contamination problems and risks to human health. Thus, this study aims to model and simulate TFN movement on soils with two different textures, a sandy loam and clay loam soil. It was considered that the herbicide was applied via chemigation trough a subsurface drip irrigation system, under a non-steady regime. Therefore, the transport parameters of TFN in these soils and physical-hydric characteristics of these were used, while the physical environment modeling were conducted using the Hydrus 2D software. The results showed that both in sandy and clayey soils, the TFN tends to be retained by the soil, close to where it was applied, not exceeding a layer greater than 2.5 mm outside the dripper radius, even in more favorable conditions such as the presence of irrigation. Finally, it could be concluded that this herbicide movement in the soil is of low potential, due to this product high solid-liquid partition coefficient (Kd), even in sandy soil, which has low cation exchange capacity (CEC).","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48828868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1097
J. V. José, Kelly Cristina da Silva Freitas, J. Costa, C. Quiloango-Chimarro, E. M. Bonfim-Silva, Tonny José Araújo da Silva
The State of Mato Grosso produces approximately 45% of cotton in Brazil, which makes it necessary to characterize the crop in this State. The objective was to analyze cotton production in the State of Mato Grosso through official data from the IBGE's Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (LSPA), both for micro-regions and meso-regions. Temporal graphs and maps were constructed for planted area, quantity produced and yield. Temperature and precipitation were analyzed for the crop cycle period. Northern Mato Grosso has the largest area and quantity of seed cotton production. It is also the mesoregion with the highest growth between 2005 and 2016. However, fluctuations in planted area were reported due to supply and demand issues. The Parecis micro-region is highlighted as the one with the highest production, area and productivity. In addition, climatic factors suggest that most micro-regions are ideal for cotton production. In conclusion, production and productivity in Mato Grosso State can continue to increase with a stable market and the introduction of technology.
{"title":"Characterization of cotton cultivation: spatio-temporal considerations for Mato Grosso State","authors":"J. V. José, Kelly Cristina da Silva Freitas, J. Costa, C. Quiloango-Chimarro, E. M. Bonfim-Silva, Tonny José Araújo da Silva","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1097","url":null,"abstract":"The State of Mato Grosso produces approximately 45% of cotton in Brazil, which makes it necessary to characterize the crop in this State. The objective was to analyze cotton production in the State of Mato Grosso through official data from the IBGE's Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (LSPA), both for micro-regions and meso-regions. Temporal graphs and maps were constructed for planted area, quantity produced and yield. Temperature and precipitation were analyzed for the crop cycle period. Northern Mato Grosso has the largest area and quantity of seed cotton production. It is also the mesoregion with the highest growth between 2005 and 2016. However, fluctuations in planted area were reported due to supply and demand issues. The Parecis micro-region is highlighted as the one with the highest production, area and productivity. In addition, climatic factors suggest that most micro-regions are ideal for cotton production. In conclusion, production and productivity in Mato Grosso State can continue to increase with a stable market and the introduction of technology.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46741360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1119
E. Z. Godinho, F. L. Caneppele, H. V. Gasparotto, Leonardo Pereira de Almeida Luciano
A high productivity in a culture mainly the corn it is associated with many factors, like technological application, integrated management of plagues and diseases, soil fertility, primarily for the disponibility in soil nutrients. The present study has a its objective to analyze statistically the corn productivity with a different dosage of the 5-10-10 mineral fertilizers and organic bovine composting and develop a logic-based system Fuzzy of the agronomic parameters. The experiment measured corn productivity in five different dosages of mineral and organic fertilizers, being developed in the field at Colégio Agrícola de Toledo (CAET), Toledo/PR, Brazil. The results showed that a specific range of fertilizer dosages (mineral and organic) can increase corn productivity in the second crop. With the Fuzzy model developed, it was possible to verify the importance of the use of optimization tools that can assist in the analysis of experimental data and allow performing simulations capable of inferring points that have not been determined experimentally in the field.
玉米作物的高生产力与许多因素有关，如技术应用、瘟疫和疾病的综合管理、土壤肥力，主要是土壤养分的消耗。本研究的目的是统计分析不同用量的5-10-10矿肥和有机牛堆肥对玉米产量的影响，并建立基于逻辑的农艺参数模糊系统。该试验测量了5种不同剂量的矿质和有机肥对玉米产量的影响，该试验正在巴西托莱多/PR的colsamio Agrícola de Toledo (CAET)开展。结果表明，一定范围的化肥用量(无机和有机)可提高玉米二季产量。随着模糊模型的开发，有可能验证使用优化工具的重要性，这些工具可以帮助分析实验数据，并允许执行能够推断尚未在现场实验中确定的点的模拟。
{"title":"Fuzzy modeling of the effects of the use of mineral and organic fertilizers on the productivity of second crop corn","authors":"E. Z. Godinho, F. L. Caneppele, H. V. Gasparotto, Leonardo Pereira de Almeida Luciano","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1119","url":null,"abstract":"A high productivity in a culture mainly the corn it is associated with many factors, like technological application, integrated management of plagues and diseases, soil fertility, primarily for the disponibility in soil nutrients. The present study has a its objective to analyze statistically the corn productivity with a different dosage of the 5-10-10 mineral fertilizers and organic bovine composting and develop a logic-based system Fuzzy of the agronomic parameters. The experiment measured corn productivity in five different dosages of mineral and organic fertilizers, being developed in the field at Colégio Agrícola de Toledo (CAET), Toledo/PR, Brazil. The results showed that a specific range of fertilizer dosages (mineral and organic) can increase corn productivity in the second crop. With the Fuzzy model developed, it was possible to verify the importance of the use of optimization tools that can assist in the analysis of experimental data and allow performing simulations capable of inferring points that have not been determined experimentally in the field.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43015151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1093
Michael Silveira Thebaldi, Flávia Vilela Corrêa, Pâmela Rafanele França Pinto, Luiz Antonio Lima, Adriano Valentim Diotto, Fábio Ponciano de Deus
Subsurface drip irrigation success depends on surpassing the backpressure obstacle, a phenomenon which occurs when the water application intensity exceeds the infiltration rate of soil, which reduces the emitter flow rate. Thus, this study aimed to determine the flow rate variation, in relation to surface flow, of four drip emitters when buried at two depths in a loam soil (Yolo Loam soil), and the backpressure generated by the soil on subsurface condition. The cavity radius developed around the emitters outlet was also obtained. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a strip-plot scheme, with three treatments: installation depth of driplines (two levels: 0.10 and 0.20 m); dripline type (four levels: D5000, JardiLine, TalDrip and and Hydro PCND) and irrigation time (three levels: 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 h). The results showed that the flow rate variation between the surface and subsurface application on Yolo Loam soil, with inlet pressure of 145 kPa, was greater the higher was the emitter flow rate. For pressure-compensating emitters, even under backpressure influence, this was not enough to cancel the pressure-compensating device operation, of the emitters. The emitters installation depth, as well the irrigation time, did not affect the backpressure and, consequently, the flow rate variation.
{"title":"Backpressure effects on emitters flow rate in subsurface drip irrigation","authors":"Michael Silveira Thebaldi, Flávia Vilela Corrêa, Pâmela Rafanele França Pinto, Luiz Antonio Lima, Adriano Valentim Diotto, Fábio Ponciano de Deus","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1093","url":null,"abstract":"Subsurface drip irrigation success depends on surpassing the backpressure obstacle, a phenomenon which occurs when the water application intensity exceeds the infiltration rate of soil, which reduces the emitter flow rate. Thus, this study aimed to determine the flow rate variation, in relation to surface flow, of four drip emitters when buried at two depths in a loam soil (Yolo Loam soil), and the backpressure generated by the soil on subsurface condition. The cavity radius developed around the emitters outlet was also obtained. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a strip-plot scheme, with three treatments: installation depth of driplines (two levels: 0.10 and 0.20 m); dripline type (four levels: D5000, JardiLine, TalDrip and and Hydro PCND) and irrigation time (three levels: 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 h). The results showed that the flow rate variation between the surface and subsurface application on Yolo Loam soil, with inlet pressure of 145 kPa, was greater the higher was the emitter flow rate. For pressure-compensating emitters, even under backpressure influence, this was not enough to cancel the pressure-compensating device operation, of the emitters. The emitters installation depth, as well the irrigation time, did not affect the backpressure and, consequently, the flow rate variation.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42603719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1096
Isabela Alvarenga Almeida, A. Colombo, Ana Cláudia Sátiro Araújo, Rafael Alvarenga Almeida, J. Costa, C. Quiloango-Chimarro
Pressure demand of a center-pivot can be controlled by variable frequency drives during irrigation system operations, leading to a rational use of electrical energy. However, numerous studies encountered problems due to the lack of field data to perform the simulations. The objective of this study was to simulate the reduction of the average value of the active electrical power required to drive the pumping unit of a center-pivot irrigation system by controlling the rotational speed through a frequency inverter. The simulation was conducted considering a complete rotation of the lateral line of a central pivot, installed in an area of 70-ha, in the municipality of Formiga-MG. The simulation demonstrated the possibility of reducing the active electrical power required for the pivot pump by 18%, from an average of 131 to 107 kW. For 1300 pumping hours per year, the investment's payback time would be two and four years for the highest (R$ 0.48 kWh-1) and lowest energy cost (R$ 0.32 kWh-1), respectively. Results suggest that irrigated areas by center-pivot with variations of topographic altitude require technical-economic evaluations for using frequency inverters.
{"title":"Energy consumption reduction of a center-pivot with the use of a variable-frequency drive","authors":"Isabela Alvarenga Almeida, A. Colombo, Ana Cláudia Sátiro Araújo, Rafael Alvarenga Almeida, J. Costa, C. Quiloango-Chimarro","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1096","url":null,"abstract":"Pressure demand of a center-pivot can be controlled by variable frequency drives during irrigation system operations, leading to a rational use of electrical energy. However, numerous studies encountered problems due to the lack of field data to perform the simulations. The objective of this study was to simulate the reduction of the average value of the active electrical power required to drive the pumping unit of a center-pivot irrigation system by controlling the rotational speed through a frequency inverter. The simulation was conducted considering a complete rotation of the lateral line of a central pivot, installed in an area of 70-ha, in the municipality of Formiga-MG. The simulation demonstrated the possibility of reducing the active electrical power required for the pivot pump by 18%, from an average of 131 to 107 kW. For 1300 pumping hours per year, the investment's payback time would be two and four years for the highest (R$ 0.48 kWh-1) and lowest energy cost (R$ 0.32 kWh-1), respectively. Results suggest that irrigated areas by center-pivot with variations of topographic altitude require technical-economic evaluations for using frequency inverters.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42980530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1102
Eldelita A. P. Franco, Nääs Irenilza de Alencar
The study objective was to evaluate the efficiency of using technology focusing on the thermal comfort of broilers in two poultry houses located in the metropolitan region of Teresina, Northeast Brazil, with different technological levels. One level uses cooling control of the housing and adopts high management of good production practices (Tech 1), while the second (Tech 2) was considered to use deficient technology during production. We analyzed the birds' surface temperature and the environment using infrared surface temperature data. Data were collected at a mean distance of 1 m from the birds using an infrared camera to construct the thermograms on the targets (broilers and surroundings). Data were processed using thermograms, and Boxplot graphs were built. It was found that broilers housed on the farm with higher environmental control (Tech1) obtained a better feed conversion and had more significant weight gain and greater profitability. This indicates that the greater the investment to mitigate heat stress, the better the producer's economic performance in this activity.
{"title":"Broiler production efficiency: An analysis using thermal infrared images","authors":"Eldelita A. P. Franco, Nääs Irenilza de Alencar","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1102","url":null,"abstract":"The study objective was to evaluate the efficiency of using technology focusing on the thermal comfort of broilers in two poultry houses located in the metropolitan region of Teresina, Northeast Brazil, with different technological levels. One level uses cooling control of the housing and adopts high management of good production practices (Tech 1), while the second (Tech 2) was considered to use deficient technology during production. We analyzed the birds' surface temperature and the environment using infrared surface temperature data. Data were collected at a mean distance of 1 m from the birds using an infrared camera to construct the thermograms on the targets (broilers and surroundings). Data were processed using thermograms, and Boxplot graphs were built. It was found that broilers housed on the farm with higher environmental control (Tech1) obtained a better feed conversion and had more significant weight gain and greater profitability. This indicates that the greater the investment to mitigate heat stress, the better the producer's economic performance in this activity.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43275519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1091
Sergio André Tapparo, Rubens Duarte Coelho, J. Costa, Sérgio Weine Paulino Chaves, Carlos Alberto Quiloango-Chimarro, Everton Dos Santos de Oliveira
For grasses and other crops in general, soil water potential has been widely studied to determine if there is a deficit or excess of water content in the soil. However, the plant water absorption process is not only modulated by soil water potential but also by the combination of meteorological, soil depth, and crop canopy factors, which could be elucidated through water relations responses. The objective of this work was to compare the water relations of grass species established in different soil depths and subjected to water stress. Santo Agostinho (Stenotaphrum secundatum), Esmeralda (Zoysia japonica), Tanzania (Panicum maximum) and Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) were used in this trial. The four species of grasses were tested in four different soil rooting depths: 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm. The grasses were irrigated at soil moisture field capacity level, until the time of imposing the water stress period. Soil depth had a direct influence on leaf water potential and soil water potential. Moreover, correlation coefficients are higher in deeper soil profiles. The strongest correlations between leaf water potential and soil water potential were found in the deeper soil depth treatments. Therefore, for the soil depth treatment of 40 cm, the average R² for the four species was 0.55, the highest being 0.70 in Tanzania grass. It is possible to relate leaf water potential and soil water potential independently of the grass species used or the depth of soil available to the roots, which would allow the creation of new irrigation management strategies.
{"title":"Relationships between leaf water potential and soil water potential in grasses subjected to water stress","authors":"Sergio André Tapparo, Rubens Duarte Coelho, J. Costa, Sérgio Weine Paulino Chaves, Carlos Alberto Quiloango-Chimarro, Everton Dos Santos de Oliveira","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1091","url":null,"abstract":"For grasses and other crops in general, soil water potential has been widely studied to determine if there is a deficit or excess of water content in the soil. However, the plant water absorption process is not only modulated by soil water potential but also by the combination of meteorological, soil depth, and crop canopy factors, which could be elucidated through water relations responses. The objective of this work was to compare the water relations of grass species established in different soil depths and subjected to water stress. Santo Agostinho (Stenotaphrum secundatum), Esmeralda (Zoysia japonica), Tanzania (Panicum maximum) and Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) were used in this trial. The four species of grasses were tested in four different soil rooting depths: 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm. The grasses were irrigated at soil moisture field capacity level, until the time of imposing the water stress period. Soil depth had a direct influence on leaf water potential and soil water potential. Moreover, correlation coefficients are higher in deeper soil profiles. The strongest correlations between leaf water potential and soil water potential were found in the deeper soil depth treatments. Therefore, for the soil depth treatment of 40 cm, the average R² for the four species was 0.55, the highest being 0.70 in Tanzania grass. It is possible to relate leaf water potential and soil water potential independently of the grass species used or the depth of soil available to the roots, which would allow the creation of new irrigation management strategies.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49395603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1095
Isabela Alvarenga Almeida, Diego José de Sousa Pereira, Jéfferson de Oliveira Costa, Carlos Alberto Quiloango-Chimarro, Rubens Duarte Coelho
Irrigation is a useful tool to achieve a better productivity and quality foods, which contributes to a higher efficient use of agriculture land. Drip irrigation is characterized by higher application efficiency, providing an efficient control of the irrigation depth required. Moreover, it has advantages such as lower evaporation loss and higher crop yields when associated with fertigation. However, dripper clogging is pointed out by several authors as the main limiting factor for a rapid adoption of drip irrigation on a larger scale. Emitter clogging susceptibility depends basically on five parameters: water quality, filtration system, fertilizer quality, labyrinth architectural layout and maintenance procedures. The adoption of chemical treatments helps to control biological agents and precipitates, making it possible to minimize the risk of clogging. This paper aims to understand how drip clogging process occurs, providing scientific arguments and support on the development of a standardized test pattern, making progress in order to identify commercial emitters that are less susceptible to clogging under field conditions.
{"title":"Dripper clogging: emphasis on the problem and how to minimize impact","authors":"Isabela Alvarenga Almeida, Diego José de Sousa Pereira, Jéfferson de Oliveira Costa, Carlos Alberto Quiloango-Chimarro, Rubens Duarte Coelho","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1095","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigation is a useful tool to achieve a better productivity and quality foods, which contributes to a higher efficient use of agriculture land. Drip irrigation is characterized by higher application efficiency, providing an efficient control of the irrigation depth required. Moreover, it has advantages such as lower evaporation loss and higher crop yields when associated with fertigation. However, dripper clogging is pointed out by several authors as the main limiting factor for a rapid adoption of drip irrigation on a larger scale. Emitter clogging susceptibility depends basically on five parameters: water quality, filtration system, fertilizer quality, labyrinth architectural layout and maintenance procedures. The adoption of chemical treatments helps to control biological agents and precipitates, making it possible to minimize the risk of clogging. This paper aims to understand how drip clogging process occurs, providing scientific arguments and support on the development of a standardized test pattern, making progress in order to identify commercial emitters that are less susceptible to clogging under field conditions.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41972705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1085
Paloma Couto Vieira De George Silva, José Alves, I. de Brito
Soybean cultivation has great economic and social impacts, meaning it offers many job opportunities. Studying the number of accidents in this field is essential for a better understanding of the quality of work related to it. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to verify if, in the field of soybean cultivation, there are correlations between productivity, product price, and the number of accidents, between the years of 1999 and 2018, in Brazil. For that, Pearson’s method was applied, allowing for a bivariate analysis that can quantify a degree of strength between different variables. As a result, it was found that soybean production and price are linearly related to the number of work-related accidents in cultivation. Therefore, it is concluded that, if an increase in price or production occurs, it will lead to an increase in accidents, and the opposite will also happen.
{"title":"Work accidents in agriculture: a study of Brazilian soybean production","authors":"Paloma Couto Vieira De George Silva, José Alves, I. de Brito","doi":"10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng.2022.v16.1085","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean cultivation has great economic and social impacts, meaning it offers many job opportunities. Studying the number of accidents in this field is essential for a better understanding of the quality of work related to it. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to verify if, in the field of soybean cultivation, there are correlations between productivity, product price, and the number of accidents, between the years of 1999 and 2018, in Brazil. For that, Pearson’s method was applied, allowing for a bivariate analysis that can quantify a degree of strength between different variables. As a result, it was found that soybean production and price are linearly related to the number of work-related accidents in cultivation. Therefore, it is concluded that, if an increase in price or production occurs, it will lead to an increase in accidents, and the opposite will also happen.","PeriodicalId":32292,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42278353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：