Pub Date : 2021-03-22DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-311355/V1
A. Pilehvar, Amin Harasani
The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the extent of regional differences in terms of human development and economic development indices. In this study, the level of national-regional development in the two provinces of Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan is measured by the above two indices to highlight discrepancies in regional development in Iran. In this applied research, a descriptive-analytical method has been adopted. The research data were obtained from the official Census of 2011 as well as the last official Census in 2016. The economic index was measured by Izard model and the conclusions were informed by the human development index. The results manifest that the studied indices have been affected by geographical factors and micro/macro policies of the government in the four decades since the 1979 Revolution, contributing to the widening of regional development gap. The HDI was 0.720 in Tehran and 0.494 in Sistan and Baluchestan. Also, the per capita income index of Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan were 0.497 and 269.0, respectively, which indicates a marked difference. As for the average years of study, the index of Tehran (0.780) was nearly two-fold higher than that of Sistan and Baluchestan (0.439). However, the life expectancy index exhibited a smaller difference than the overall average. The results of the research based on the Izard model also demonstrate that Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan with an average of 126% and 172% in economic sectors are above the national average (112%), the only difference being that the development process in Sistan and Baluchestan is changing rapidly.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Regional Development in Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan","authors":"A. Pilehvar, Amin Harasani","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-311355/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-311355/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the extent of regional differences in terms of human development and economic development indices. In this study, the level of national-regional development in the two provinces of Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan is measured by the above two indices to highlight discrepancies in regional development in Iran. In this applied research, a descriptive-analytical method has been adopted. The research data were obtained from the official Census of 2011 as well as the last official Census in 2016. The economic index was measured by Izard model and the conclusions were informed by the human development index. The results manifest that the studied indices have been affected by geographical factors and micro/macro policies of the government in the four decades since the 1979 Revolution, contributing to the widening of regional development gap. The HDI was 0.720 in Tehran and 0.494 in Sistan and Baluchestan. Also, the per capita income index of Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan were 0.497 and 269.0, respectively, which indicates a marked difference. As for the average years of study, the index of Tehran (0.780) was nearly two-fold higher than that of Sistan and Baluchestan (0.439). However, the life expectancy index exhibited a smaller difference than the overall average. The results of the research based on the Izard model also demonstrate that Tehran and Sistan and Baluchestan with an average of 126% and 172% in economic sectors are above the national average (112%), the only difference being that the development process in Sistan and Baluchestan is changing rapidly.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42152423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper shows how drones can help with construction inspection, which is currently costly in terms of the safety of workers and time. The paper depicts the use of drones to collect construction data with drone software that allows people to create 2D plans and 3D models. Moreover, the study explains how unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, could improve job site safety and reduce material waste in the construction industry. Finally, this paper presents an exploratory study that identifies specific ways in which UAVs could improve safety at construction sites. Data collection of large construction projects uses surveyors' tape measures, laser rangefinders, total stations, and mapping software. However, these are time-consuming and costly methods that are impractical for measuring more significant amounts of space. In contrast, the use of UAVs would enable the next level of data collection to occur more efficiently. Specific examples using 3D software will demonstrate the potential applications within the construction industry and the challenges that limit their implementation into the industry. A UAV can monitor worksites and equipment to provide information to those responsible for operations, health, and safety in a timely fashion. The footage creates inspection reports from a distance, thus reducing pressure on-site and providing accurate reports faster. UAVs for inspections will eliminate or reduce the need for risk assessments, supply chain audits, and quality control audits during construction.
{"title":"Applications of UAV technology within the construction industry","authors":"Zbyněk Škoda, J. Holcman","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows how drones can help with construction inspection, which is currently costly in terms of the safety of workers and time. The paper depicts the use of drones to collect construction data with drone software that allows people to create 2D plans and 3D models. Moreover, the study explains how unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, could improve job site safety and reduce material waste in the construction industry. Finally, this paper presents an exploratory study that identifies specific ways in which UAVs could improve safety at construction sites. Data collection of large construction projects uses surveyors' tape measures, laser rangefinders, total stations, and mapping software. However, these are time-consuming and costly methods that are impractical for measuring more significant amounts of space. In contrast, the use of UAVs would enable the next level of data collection to occur more efficiently. Specific examples using 3D software will demonstrate the potential applications within the construction industry and the challenges that limit their implementation into the industry. A UAV can monitor worksites and equipment to provide information to those responsible for operations, health, and safety in a timely fashion. The footage creates inspection reports from a distance, thus reducing pressure on-site and providing accurate reports faster. UAVs for inspections will eliminate or reduce the need for risk assessments, supply chain audits, and quality control audits during construction.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with the description of the current situation on the real estate market in the Czech Republic during the covid-19 pandemic using several selected parameters. It analyses the structure of the real estate market in terms of the number of published offers in real estate advertising per month in the category of apartments for sale and for rent. Statistical results were obtained using EVAL software, which the author of this article has been developing since 2007 at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague. This software continuously collects, analyses and evaluates advertised offers of real estate in the Czech Republic in a monthly period.
{"title":"Mapping the number of properties offered on the real estate market","authors":"E. Hromada","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the description of the current situation on the real estate market in the Czech Republic during the covid-19 pandemic using several selected parameters. It analyses the structure of the real estate market in terms of the number of published offers in real estate advertising per month in the category of apartments for sale and for rent. Statistical results were obtained using EVAL software, which the author of this article has been developing since 2007 at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague. This software continuously collects, analyses and evaluates advertised offers of real estate in the Czech Republic in a monthly period.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of small and medium businesses is the main driving force in the sustainable economic development of the country. The main reasons for this are that the development of small and medium enterprises is of exceptional importance in terms of diversifying the economy, increasing its competitiveness, ensuring employment. To achieve these goals, a Strategic Roadmap has been developed to ensure the competitiveness, inclusion, and sustainability of the economy in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Research shows that small and medium enterprises should be considered as a socio-economic system with the characteristics of an economic-cybernetic system. Therefore, a mathematical modeling mechanism of quantitative analysis should be used to establish optimal behavioral and development strategies for this economic-cybernetic system. We will use the econometric research mechanism of mathematical modeling, especially the correlation-regression analysis mechanism, to quantify the impact of environmental factors on small and medium enterprises. In the process of research, data characterizing the activities of small and medium enterprises in the country will be used as a statistical basis.
{"title":"Econometric analysis of factors influencing the development of small and medium enterprises: the case of Azerbaijan","authors":"Orkhan Musayev","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"The development of small and medium businesses is the main driving force in the sustainable economic development of the country. The main reasons for this are that the development of small and medium enterprises is of exceptional importance in terms of diversifying the economy, increasing its competitiveness, ensuring employment. To achieve these goals, a Strategic Roadmap has been developed to ensure the competitiveness, inclusion, and sustainability of the economy in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Research shows that small and medium enterprises should be considered as a socio-economic system with the characteristics of an economic-cybernetic system. Therefore, a mathematical modeling mechanism of quantitative analysis should be used to establish optimal behavioral and development strategies for this economic-cybernetic system. We will use the econometric research mechanism of mathematical modeling, especially the correlation-regression analysis mechanism, to quantify the impact of environmental factors on small and medium enterprises. In the process of research, data characterizing the activities of small and medium enterprises in the country will be used as a statistical basis.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Eklová, J. Kupec, R. Schneiderová Heralová, Petr Dlask, Z. Prostějovská
{"title":"Evaluation criteria of sustainable solutions in buildings based on the three pillars of sustainability","authors":"K. Eklová, J. Kupec, R. Schneiderová Heralová, Petr Dlask, Z. Prostějovská","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The raw concrete material, that influenced architecture in the 1950’s is back. The comeback can be found in the building automation called Contour crafting. This 3D printing technology is a new challenge in the world of construction for architects, engineers and building company. The enormous advantages in terms of design, low-cost production, low-waste materials and fast execution make this new generation of buildings one of the greatest interesting technology for the future. Contour crafting is useful in a wide range of circumstances, from counter the disproportionate increase in the prices of ordinary construction and limited availability of manpower -applying it in case of future pandemics like the one we recently experiencedto being used by NASA for projects on other planets. The article will help to better understand the development of this technology in the coming years and will be used by the author for further insights.
{"title":"Contour crafting technology: the toothpaste for constructions","authors":"Andrea Palazzo, D. Macek","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The raw concrete material, that influenced architecture in the 1950’s is back. The comeback can be found in the building automation called Contour crafting. This 3D printing technology is a new challenge in the world of construction for architects, engineers and building company. The enormous advantages in terms of design, low-cost production, low-waste materials and fast execution make this new generation of buildings one of the greatest interesting technology for the future. Contour crafting is useful in a wide range of circumstances, from counter the disproportionate increase in the prices of ordinary construction and limited availability of manpower -applying it in case of future pandemics like the one we recently experiencedto being used by NASA for projects on other planets. The article will help to better understand the development of this technology in the coming years and will be used by the author for further insights.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Profit distributed from Czech construction subsidiaries to foreign parent company","authors":"J. Berny, J. Frková","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the time of the pandemic, direct supply without storage capacity turned out to be a short-term solution. Many have hence found out that it is necessary to have operational stocks, and thus storage space; the most advantageous for this purpose are warehouses. The companies either focus on the construction of their own halls, or they deal with the situation by leases in logistic centres. That is why the industrial, and warehouse real estate market is currently doing exceptionally well, with record volumes of construction, and rental activity, historically lowest vacancy levels, and significant increase in rent prices. The share of warehouse construction in the Czech Republic represents only 2 to 3% of the structure of construction in the country. When we take into account the development of the last two years, a significant increase can be expected.
{"title":"Transport infrastructure and logistics","authors":"Václav Tatýrek, Dana Měšťanová","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"At the time of the pandemic, direct supply without storage capacity turned out to be a short-term solution. Many have hence found out that it is necessary to have operational stocks, and thus storage space; the most advantageous for this purpose are warehouses. The companies either focus on the construction of their own halls, or they deal with the situation by leases in logistic centres. That is why the industrial, and warehouse real estate market is currently doing exceptionally well, with record volumes of construction, and rental activity, historically lowest vacancy levels, and significant increase in rent prices. The share of warehouse construction in the Czech Republic represents only 2 to 3% of the structure of construction in the country. When we take into account the development of the last two years, a significant increase can be expected.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digitization of the construction industry in the Czech Republic","authors":"L. Rudl","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article mainly investigates the illicit exploitation of natural resources, goods, and products by Armenia during the occupation of Azerbaijani territories. The current legal and economic assessment of the property rights belong to those Azerbaijani lands are thoroughly conducted upon their liberation from occupation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal and economic scope of illegal activities after the occupation carried out by Armenia in the ancient lands of Azerbaijan. The selected topic is considered very high relevance not only in analytical respect but also in practical terms and has never deeply been researched before. Thus the economic and legal analysis of the illegalities committed during the occupation and measures taken after the liberation of Azerbaijani territories is comparatively estimated. In international politics, based on geographical indicators, property rights regulation in those territories has become a crucial problem in the process of illegal use of goods, items, and other resources amid the occupation. The country’s rules and regulations, as well as provisions on property rights, its main contradictions, and emerging problems regarding the enforcement of property rights, are scrutinized in the article.
{"title":"Economic and legal assessment of the violation of property rights during the occupation of Azerbaijani territories","authors":"N. Hajiyeva, I. Karimli","doi":"10.14311/bit.2021.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14311/bit.2021.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article mainly investigates the illicit exploitation of natural resources, goods, and products by Armenia during the occupation of Azerbaijani territories. The current legal and economic assessment of the property rights belong to those Azerbaijani lands are thoroughly conducted upon their liberation from occupation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal and economic scope of illegal activities after the occupation carried out by Armenia in the ancient lands of Azerbaijan. The selected topic is considered very high relevance not only in analytical respect but also in practical terms and has never deeply been researched before. Thus the economic and legal analysis of the illegalities committed during the occupation and measures taken after the liberation of Azerbaijani territories is comparatively estimated. In international politics, based on geographical indicators, property rights regulation in those territories has become a crucial problem in the process of illegal use of goods, items, and other resources amid the occupation. The country’s rules and regulations, as well as provisions on property rights, its main contradictions, and emerging problems regarding the enforcement of property rights, are scrutinized in the article.","PeriodicalId":32332,"journal":{"name":"Business IT","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67107513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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