Background: Conflicts between work and family wants are inevitable in organizations and families. This, in turn, creates psychological problems in people's personal and working life. The aim of this study is to present a model of work-family conflict management among employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 2021. The statistical population of the research included 14 thematic and executive experts who were selected with judgmental-purposive method. The analytical model of the research was deductive-inductive and based on the qualitative method of thematic analysis. Data were collected by document method and through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with experts of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The content validity of the research model was 85%. Retest reliability was 70% and coder reliability was 87%. Results: After five stages of content analysis, 67 basic themes, 7 comprehensive themes (family stress stimulus ( 3 themes)), supportive job variables (11 themes), moderating variables (7 themes), stress management (12 themes), negative consequences (17 themes), positive outcomes (2 themes), (work stress stimuli(15 themes)) were counted and added. Finally, a work-family for the staff of Iran University of Medical Sciences was designed. Conclusion: According to the current research model, work-family conflict management in the period of COVID-19 requires a new way of working. It should be independent, flexible and compatible with individual conditions and preferences of employees more than before. Considering the importance of the negative consequences of work-family conflict, the vice-chancellor of management and resource development in the university can use the model presented in this research to prepare training programs needed by employees. He can also manage the negative consequences of work-family conflict and develop support and counseling programs needed by employees to be used during COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Presenting a Model of Work-Family Conflict Management Regarding the Non-Clinical Employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Salimeh Latifi jaliseh, Hossein Safari palangi, Hamed Khamechi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11393","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Conflicts between work and family wants are inevitable in organizations and families. This, in turn, creates psychological problems in people's personal and working life. The aim of this study is to present a model of work-family conflict management among employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences during COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 2021. The statistical population of the research included 14 thematic and executive experts who were selected with judgmental-purposive method. The analytical model of the research was deductive-inductive and based on the qualitative method of thematic analysis. Data were collected by document method and through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with experts of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The content validity of the research model was 85%. Retest reliability was 70% and coder reliability was 87%. \u0000Results: After five stages of content analysis, 67 basic themes, 7 comprehensive themes (family stress stimulus ( 3 themes)), supportive job variables (11 themes), moderating variables (7 themes), stress management (12 themes), negative consequences (17 themes), positive outcomes (2 themes), (work stress stimuli(15 themes)) were counted and added. Finally, a work-family for the staff of Iran University of Medical Sciences was designed. \u0000Conclusion: According to the current research model, work-family conflict management in the period of COVID-19 requires a new way of working. It should be independent, flexible and compatible with individual conditions and preferences of employees more than before. Considering the importance of the negative consequences of work-family conflict, the vice-chancellor of management and resource development in the university can use the model presented in this research to prepare training programs needed by employees. He can also manage the negative consequences of work-family conflict and develop support and counseling programs needed by employees to be used during COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115233184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11391
Mohammad Ali Sadid, A. Taghipour, Elaheh Hooshmand, Zahra Khodadadi, J. Moghri
Background: Access to services is one of the main intermediate outcomes of health system which directly affects people's health. Increasing demand for services, on the one hand, and insufficiency of existing beds according to the relevant standards in many hospitals in the country, on the other hand, necessitate the optimal use of existing beds. The present study aims to investigate the challenges of bed management in the referral educational hospitals of Mashhad. Methods: This was a qualitative study using content analysis method. The study population consisted of managers working in Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, as referral hospitals in Mashhad, and staff managers. Authors continued data collection until saturation was reached. Researchers used in-depth and semi-structured interviews to collect data. For data analysis, the authors transcribed and coded interviews, and at the same time, collected data using MaxQDA 11 software. Results: Data were continuously compared in terms of similarities and differences to similar codes. They can be integrated together, leading to the creation of 7 main concepts. They included challenges regarding admission, bed allocation, sustainability, discharge, process, structure, and human resources. Conclusion: Attention to the challenges of bed management in this study can greatly assist the correct emergency organization and patient flow in the hospital. Authorities need to recognize the problems arising from bed management and movie towards solving them. By doing so, the health system will enjoy higher productivity, and the patients ' access to health care will be enhanced without the need to increase the cost.
{"title":"Investigating Challenges of Bed Management in Referral Teaching Hospitals in Mashhad","authors":"Mohammad Ali Sadid, A. Taghipour, Elaheh Hooshmand, Zahra Khodadadi, J. Moghri","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11391","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Access to services is one of the main intermediate outcomes of health system which directly affects people's health. Increasing demand for services, on the one hand, and insufficiency of existing beds according to the relevant standards in many hospitals in the country, on the other hand, necessitate the optimal use of existing beds. The present study aims to investigate the challenges of bed management in the referral educational hospitals of Mashhad. \u0000Methods: This was a qualitative study using content analysis method. The study population consisted of managers working in Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, as referral hospitals in Mashhad, and staff managers. Authors continued data collection until saturation was reached. Researchers used in-depth and semi-structured interviews to collect data. For data analysis, the authors transcribed and coded interviews, and at the same time, collected data using MaxQDA 11 software. \u0000Results: Data were continuously compared in terms of similarities and differences to similar codes. They can be integrated together, leading to the creation of 7 main concepts. They included challenges regarding admission, bed allocation, sustainability, discharge, process, structure, and human resources. \u0000Conclusion: Attention to the challenges of bed management in this study can greatly assist the correct emergency organization and patient flow in the hospital. Authorities need to recognize the problems arising from bed management and movie towards solving them. By doing so, the health system will enjoy higher productivity, and the patients ' access to health care will be enhanced without the need to increase the cost.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121946898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11392
M. Karami, Masoumeh Abbasi-shavazi, M. Ehrampoush, A. Dehghani, O. Yousefianzadeh
Background: Today, entrepreneurship development, as an important engine of economic growth, requires a high spirit of entrepreneurship. In universities, students are the mainstay of entrepreneurship. In this way, the present study has measured the entrepreneurial traits of graduate students in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. Authors selected 235 graduate students based on quota sampling and used Cochran's formula. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire to measure entrepreneurial spirit. Data were entered into SPSS 21 statistical software and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. This included independent t-test, ANOVA, and regression. Results: The total score of entrepreneurial spirit was evaluated as good with an average of 62.50 %. Among all the dimensions, the achievement seeking dimension got the highest score with an average of 75.50 %, and the independence sought dimension received the lowest score with an average of 50.50 %. There was a significant relationship between the total score of entrepreneurial spirit and marital status (p = 0.046), gender (p = 0.033), father's job (p = 0.020), and mother's job (p = 0.001). The regression model also showed that gender, age, and mother's employment are effective factors regarding the entrepreneurial spirit of students (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Planning with a focus on male and older students can strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in the university. Of course, considering the increase in the number of female students in universities, it is vital to improve their entrepreneurial characteristics and motivate them for self-employment.
{"title":"Measuring the Entrepreneurial Traits of Graduate Students: A Step towards a Third Generation University","authors":"M. Karami, Masoumeh Abbasi-shavazi, M. Ehrampoush, A. Dehghani, O. Yousefianzadeh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11392","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, entrepreneurship development, as an important engine of economic growth, requires a high spirit of entrepreneurship. In universities, students are the mainstay of entrepreneurship. In this way, the present study has measured the entrepreneurial traits of graduate students in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd. \u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. Authors selected 235 graduate students based on quota sampling and used Cochran's formula. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire to measure entrepreneurial spirit. Data were entered into SPSS 21 statistical software and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. This included independent t-test, ANOVA, and regression. \u0000Results: The total score of entrepreneurial spirit was evaluated as good with an average of 62.50 %. Among all the dimensions, the achievement seeking dimension got the highest score with an average of 75.50 %, and the independence sought dimension received the lowest score with an average of 50.50 %. There was a significant relationship between the total score of entrepreneurial spirit and marital status (p = 0.046), gender (p = 0.033), father's job (p = 0.020), and mother's job (p = 0.001). The regression model also showed that gender, age, and mother's employment are effective factors regarding the entrepreneurial spirit of students (p < 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Planning with a focus on male and older students can strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in the university. Of course, considering the increase in the number of female students in universities, it is vital to improve their entrepreneurial characteristics and motivate them for self-employment.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134466549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11395
Vali Haddadi, J. Mehrabi, M. Ataee
Background: As a job design technique, job enrichment emphasizes intra-job motivation in job duties and responsibilities to achieve appropriate behavioral outcomes. The present study aims to design and explain a job enrichment model considering the behavioral dimension of employees in Social Security Organization. Methods: The research method was conducted based on qualitative content analysis and testing structural equations from quantitative perspective. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews with a purposive judgmental sampling. It was conducted on 14 people (academic experts, managers and deputies of Tehran's Social Security Organization). Researchers collected quantitative data by a 66-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale distributed among 327 employees of Tehran's Social Security Organization. It was done through Cochran's formula and convenience sampling method. Coding approach was used to analyze qualitative data, and the interview scripts and the SEM test in the Smart PLS 2 package were used to test the hypotheses. Results: Qualitative findings focused on components such as job policymaking (developing job resource, recruitment structure, and job brand; and job responsibilities' management); trends in job enrichment (enriching the core job characteristics, job knowledge characteristics, and job social characteristics); employee's job psychological perceptions; environmental factors (working environment conditions, organization and team's climate, organizational culture, leadership style); behavioral responses (attitudes, performance, motivation; behavioral, cognitive, psychological well-beings) in the structure of job enrichment. Quantitative findings also indicated that the components of job policymaking and environmental factors have a significant effect on the dynamics of trends in job enrichment. Trends in job enrichment, in turn, have direct and indirect impacts on the components of behavioral responses through employees' psychological perceptions. Conclusion: This study's paradigm emphasizes the importance of a holistic view with a dynamic capability for job enrichment. Accordingly, 2 factors of job policymaking and intra- organizational environmental factors should be considered by insurance organizations to increase the opportunities for self-realization of job enrichment.
{"title":"Designing and Explaining the Model of Job Enrichment with the Emphasis on Employee's Behavioral Dimension in Social Security Organization","authors":"Vali Haddadi, J. Mehrabi, M. Ataee","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11395","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As a job design technique, job enrichment emphasizes intra-job motivation in job duties and responsibilities to achieve appropriate behavioral outcomes. The present study aims to design and explain a job enrichment model considering the behavioral dimension of employees in Social Security Organization. \u0000Methods: The research method was conducted based on qualitative content analysis and testing structural equations from quantitative perspective. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews with a purposive judgmental sampling. It was conducted on 14 people (academic experts, managers and deputies of Tehran's Social Security Organization). Researchers collected quantitative data by a 66-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale distributed among 327 employees of Tehran's Social Security Organization. It was done through Cochran's formula and convenience sampling method. Coding approach was used to analyze qualitative data, and the interview scripts and the SEM test in the Smart PLS 2 package were used to test the hypotheses. \u0000Results: Qualitative findings focused on components such as job policymaking (developing job resource, recruitment structure, and job brand; and job responsibilities' management); trends in job enrichment (enriching the core job characteristics, job knowledge characteristics, and job social characteristics); employee's job psychological perceptions; environmental factors (working environment conditions, organization and team's climate, organizational culture, leadership style); behavioral responses (attitudes, performance, motivation; behavioral, cognitive, psychological well-beings) in the structure of job enrichment. Quantitative findings also indicated that the components of job policymaking and environmental factors have a significant effect on the dynamics of trends in job enrichment. Trends in job enrichment, in turn, have direct and indirect impacts on the components of behavioral responses through employees' psychological perceptions. \u0000Conclusion: This study's paradigm emphasizes the importance of a holistic view with a dynamic capability for job enrichment. Accordingly, 2 factors of job policymaking and intra- organizational environmental factors should be considered by insurance organizations to increase the opportunities for self-realization of job enrichment.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129687026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11390
Faeze Valaee Sharif, P. Ghasemzadeh
Pandemics are associated with significant and destructive national and global impacts on health, economy, society, and security. COVID-19 pandemic has imposed adverse economic consequences on the whole population. This is while the elderly and those with comorbidities, the economically disadvantaged and ethnic minorities were at increased risk of viral infection. Moreover, the mortality rate and the disease burden have been higher in these three groups. Social determinants of health are conditions in which people are born, live, work, grow up, and age. They are among the potential factors affecting health equity in communities. Regarding illness and health, the lower the socioeconomic level, the worse the health condition and the prevalence of underlying chronic conditions would be. In this paper, some of the existing inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated. They include age; having comorbidities; and social determinants of health such as employment status, income, living and working conditions, housing, and ethnic minorities. Measures should be taken to eliminate factors that exacerbate existing health and economic inequalities.
{"title":"Health Inequalities during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Faeze Valaee Sharif, P. Ghasemzadeh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11390","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemics are associated with significant and destructive national and global impacts on health, economy, society, and security. COVID-19 pandemic has imposed adverse economic consequences on the whole population. This is while the elderly and those with comorbidities, the economically disadvantaged and ethnic minorities were at increased risk of viral infection. Moreover, the mortality rate and the disease burden have been higher in these three groups. Social determinants of health are conditions in which people are born, live, work, grow up, and age. They are among the potential factors affecting health equity in communities. Regarding illness and health, the lower the socioeconomic level, the worse the health condition and the prevalence of underlying chronic conditions would be. In this paper, some of the existing inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated. They include age; having comorbidities; and social determinants of health such as employment status, income, living and working conditions, housing, and ethnic minorities. Measures should be taken to eliminate factors that exacerbate existing health and economic inequalities.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126210165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11394
Habib Ansari Samani, Donya Shajirat, Nooshin Yoshany
Background: Ranking provinces in terms of access to healthcare services facilitates a more accurate planning in order to identify the potential and weaknesses and fair allocation of the budgets of the Ministry of Health. Therefore, the present study is carried out with the aim of ranking the provinces of the country and also investigating the position of Yazd province in terms of access to the indicators of the health sector. Methods: In terms of purpose, the present study is considered to be of an applied type with a survey-descriptive nature, and cross-sectional, in terms of time. The statistical population included all provinces of Yazd. The data which is required to access indicators of the health and treatment sector were extracted based on the information of the country's statistical yearbook in 2018. Shannon and TOPSIS entropy method and Excel 2016 and TOPSIS 2016 software were used to perform the analysis. Results: Entropy weighting method showed that medical diagnosis laboratory and genetic index had the highest weight and rehabilitation centers had the lowest weight.TOPSIS ranking method showed that regarding access to healthcare indicators, Yazd province was in the fourth place, and South Khorasan, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces were in the first and second places. West Azarbaijan province came in last place. Conclusion: Laboratory indicators of medical diagnosis and genetics, pharmacists, general practitioners, emergency centers and beds in medical institutions respectively have the highest weights and effects in the ranking of provinces from regarding access to health and treatment indicators. Therefore, it is suggested to the planners and officials of the health and treatment sector to determine the priorities according to the extent the provinces benefit the mentioned indicators. This is done in order to increase ranking and reduce the inequalities. In order to reduce imbalance, health policymakers and officials are recommended to consider the developmental rankings of the provinces while allocating resources.
{"title":"Ranking Iranian Provinces in Terms of Access to Healthcare Indicators with Emphasis on Yazd Province","authors":"Habib Ansari Samani, Donya Shajirat, Nooshin Yoshany","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11394","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ranking provinces in terms of access to healthcare services facilitates a more accurate planning in order to identify the potential and weaknesses and fair allocation of the budgets of the Ministry of Health. Therefore, the present study is carried out with the aim of ranking the provinces of the country and also investigating the position of Yazd province in terms of access to the indicators of the health sector. Methods: In terms of purpose, the present study is considered to be of an applied type with a survey-descriptive nature, and cross-sectional, in terms of time. The statistical population included all provinces of Yazd. The data which is required to access indicators of the health and treatment sector were extracted based on the information of the country's statistical yearbook in 2018. Shannon and TOPSIS entropy method and Excel 2016 and TOPSIS 2016 software were used to perform the analysis. Results: Entropy weighting method showed that medical diagnosis laboratory and genetic index had the highest weight and rehabilitation centers had the lowest weight.TOPSIS ranking method showed that regarding access to healthcare indicators, Yazd province was in the fourth place, and South Khorasan, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces were in the first and second places. West Azarbaijan province came in last place. Conclusion: Laboratory indicators of medical diagnosis and genetics, pharmacists, general practitioners, emergency centers and beds in medical institutions respectively have the highest weights and effects in the ranking of provinces from regarding access to health and treatment indicators. Therefore, it is suggested to the planners and officials of the health and treatment sector to determine the priorities according to the extent the provinces benefit the mentioned indicators. This is done in order to increase ranking and reduce the inequalities. In order to reduce imbalance, health policymakers and officials are recommended to consider the developmental rankings of the provinces while allocating resources.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132839396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11396
S. Ghorbani, A. Rezapour, Mahmoud Eisavi, S. B. Faradonbeh, Ahmad Moiedfar
Background: One of the criteria for measuring the performance of governments and their survival is the degree of success in reducing and stabilizing the misery index. The misery index is obtained from the sum of inflation and unemployment. Inflation and unemployment are the most important factors affecting family's income. If the misery index is high, families will have less money to buy their consumer goods, including the use of healthcare services and treatment. Therefore, this research has evaluated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system. Methods: Using time series data of 1998-2019, this study has investigated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system. For this purpose, the Dickey-Fuller test was used to check the durability of the variables, the Todayamamoto causality test was used to check the causality relationship between the variables, and the autoregression method with distribution breaks was used to check the existence of a long-term relationship. In addition, the data and results were analyzed using Eview 9 software. Results: The results showed that there was a bi-directional causal relationship between the misery index and the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system. Furthermore, with increasing 1 unit of misery index 1.27 units of out-of-pocket payments increased. The correction error coefficient was 0.312, which meant this amount was adjusted each period by 0.312 from short-term imbalance to achieve long-term balance. In other words, it takes more than 3 years and less than 4 years to eliminate the short-term imbalances and reach its long-term relationship. Conclusion: As the misery index increases, patients' out-of-pocket payments also increase. Therefore, the government should reduce the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system by adopting appropriate policies to reduce unemployment and inflation. Basic insurance coverage for essential services for patients should be increased. The extent of complementary medical insurance should be increased at the community level, especially in the lower deciles. In fact, the government should bear the cost of this part of the insurance for the four lower deciles. This is done in order to reduce the patients' out-of-pocket payments.
{"title":"Investigating the Relationship between Misery Index and Patients' Out-of-pocket Payments in Iran's Health System","authors":"S. Ghorbani, A. Rezapour, Mahmoud Eisavi, S. B. Faradonbeh, Ahmad Moiedfar","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11396","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the criteria for measuring the performance of governments and their survival is the degree of success in reducing and stabilizing the misery index. The misery index is obtained from the sum of inflation and unemployment. Inflation and unemployment are the most important factors affecting family's income. If the misery index is high, families will have less money to buy their consumer goods, including the use of healthcare services and treatment. Therefore, this research has evaluated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system. \u0000Methods: Using time series data of 1998-2019, this study has investigated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system. For this purpose, the Dickey-Fuller test was used to check the durability of the variables, the Todayamamoto causality test was used to check the causality relationship between the variables, and the autoregression method with distribution breaks was used to check the existence of a long-term relationship. In addition, the data and results were analyzed using Eview 9 software. \u0000Results: The results showed that there was a bi-directional causal relationship between the misery index and the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system. Furthermore, with increasing 1 unit of misery index 1.27 units of out-of-pocket payments increased. The correction error coefficient was 0.312, which meant this amount was adjusted each period by 0.312 from short-term imbalance to achieve long-term balance. In other words, it takes more than 3 years and less than 4 years to eliminate the short-term imbalances and reach its long-term relationship. \u0000Conclusion: As the misery index increases, patients' out-of-pocket payments also increase. Therefore, the government should reduce the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system by adopting appropriate policies to reduce unemployment and inflation. Basic insurance coverage for essential services for patients should be increased. The extent of complementary medical insurance should be increased at the community level, especially in the lower deciles. In fact, the government should bear the cost of this part of the insurance for the four lower deciles. This is done in order to reduce the patients' out-of-pocket payments.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129643104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11397
Abolfazl Sadeqi-Arani, Z. sadeqi-arani, R. Askari, F. Madadizadeh, M. Bahrami, Meghdad Rahati, R. Montazeralfaraj
Background: From the perspective of health promotion, the most critical mission of hospitals is to change the treatment-oriented mindset to a health-oriented one. Health promoting hospitals seek to institutionalize the concept of prevention and health promotion. Therefore, the current research aims to study Kashan, Aran and Bidgol hospitals in achieving health promotion standards in 2020. Methods: The current study is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted cross-sectionally in 2020. The statistical sample studied was 65 managers and officials of 4 hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities (1 government hospital, 3 non-government hospitals). Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO)'s health promotion standards questionnaire. The authors used Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests to compare the mean performance scores among the hospitals. Bonferroni test was used for parallel comparison of the hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software with a significance level of 5%. Results: Findings indicated that regarding the standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, promotion of a healthy workplace, continuity of treatment and cooperation, performance score of non-government hospitals (private and Social Security Organization) were significantly higher than the studied government hospital in this study (p < 0.001). The total score of health promotion standards in the non-government hospitals was significantly higher than the government hospital (p < 0.001). This difference was significant. Conclusion One of the variables influencing the quality of health promotion standards in hospitals is the type of hospital in terms of ownership (government, non-government). It seems that organizations using government funds, typically, have worked less than other organizations with regard to improving and upgrading their quality. Therefore, managers of government hospitals need to plan for developing standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, upgrading a healthy and standard work environment continuity of treatment and cooperation. Then, authorities need to monitor and evaluate these processes.
{"title":"Investigating the status of hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities in achieving health promotion standards in 2020","authors":"Abolfazl Sadeqi-Arani, Z. sadeqi-arani, R. Askari, F. Madadizadeh, M. Bahrami, Meghdad Rahati, R. Montazeralfaraj","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i3.11397","url":null,"abstract":"Background: From the perspective of health promotion, the most critical mission of hospitals is to change the treatment-oriented mindset to a health-oriented one. Health promoting hospitals seek to institutionalize the concept of prevention and health promotion. Therefore, the current research aims to study Kashan, Aran and Bidgol hospitals in achieving health promotion standards in 2020. \u0000Methods: The current study is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted cross-sectionally in 2020. The statistical sample studied was 65 managers and officials of 4 hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities (1 government hospital, 3 non-government hospitals). Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO)'s health promotion standards questionnaire. The authors used Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests to compare the mean performance scores among the hospitals. Bonferroni test was used for parallel comparison of the hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software with a significance level of 5%. \u0000Results: Findings indicated that regarding the standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, promotion of a healthy workplace, continuity of treatment and cooperation, performance score of non-government hospitals (private and Social Security Organization) were significantly higher than the studied government hospital in this study (p < 0.001). The total score of health promotion standards in the non-government hospitals was significantly higher than the government hospital (p < 0.001). This difference was significant. \u0000Conclusion One of the variables influencing the quality of health promotion standards in hospitals is the type of hospital in terms of ownership (government, non-government). It seems that organizations using government funds, typically, have worked less than other organizations with regard to improving and upgrading their quality. Therefore, managers of government hospitals need to plan for developing standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, upgrading a healthy and standard work environment continuity of treatment and cooperation. Then, authorities need to monitor and evaluate these processes.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129686399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10680
Majid Mehrvarz, Shiva Madahian, Z. Shokooh, S. Salajegheh
Background: Knowledge management helps organizations to improve their capabilities using the intelligence and skills of employees. Knowledge management impacts the improvement of organizational performance and its development. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between knowledge management criteria and the level of development in medical universities. Methods: This was a descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. The statistical population was all the faculty members of medical universities with a sample size of 377 people. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. Data collection tools included Lawson’s knowledge management questionnaire and the development questionnaire of Andesh et al. whose validity and reliability were assessed and confirmed. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software through descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics of univariate t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results showed that the mean score of knowledge management in medical universities was more than average. The highest and lowest mean were related to the dimensions of knowledge creation and knowledge storage, respectively. Furthermore, the mean of development was moderate to high. The highest and lowest mean were related to the dimensions of students' educational facilities and university's education and research facilities, respectively. In addition, there was a significant relationship between knowledge management and its dimensions, except for the knowledge creation dimension, and the level of development. Conclusion: The overall result of this study indicated that the development level in the country’s medical universities has been at a moderate to high level. Since knowledge management has a positive and significant effect on the development of universities, more attention to knowledge management can be useful in the universities’ development.
{"title":"Investigating the Relationship between Knowledge Management Criteria and the Level of Development in Medical Universities","authors":"Majid Mehrvarz, Shiva Madahian, Z. Shokooh, S. Salajegheh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10680","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knowledge management helps organizations to improve their capabilities using the intelligence and skills of employees. Knowledge management impacts the improvement of organizational performance and its development. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between knowledge management criteria and the level of development in medical universities. \u0000Methods: This was a descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. The statistical population was all the faculty members of medical universities with a sample size of 377 people. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. Data collection tools included Lawson’s knowledge management questionnaire and the development questionnaire of Andesh et al. whose validity and reliability were assessed and confirmed. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software through descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics of univariate t-test and ANOVA. \u0000Results: Results showed that the mean score of knowledge management in medical universities was more than average. The highest and lowest mean were related to the dimensions of knowledge creation and knowledge storage, respectively. Furthermore, the mean of development was moderate to high. The highest and lowest mean were related to the dimensions of students' educational facilities and university's education and research facilities, respectively. In addition, there was a significant relationship between knowledge management and its dimensions, except for the knowledge creation dimension, and the level of development. \u0000Conclusion: The overall result of this study indicated that the development level in the country’s medical universities has been at a moderate to high level. Since knowledge management has a positive and significant effect on the development of universities, more attention to knowledge management can be useful in the universities’ development.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115159247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-18DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10675
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, F. Azizi, Aida Asghari, Maryam Babaei
One of the serious challenges regarding interactions between Iran’s social security system and health system is basic health insurance stewardship. It has existed for a long time and has been given a special place concerning the related laws and policies in recent years. In this regard, it seems that approving of rules conflicting with upstream laws and policies has increased existing conflicts. This is done by creating ambiguity in the position of basic health insurance. But, it should not be forgotten that the main goal is universal health coverage and effective insurance protection against financial risks caused by illness. Therefore, any decision in these areas should be made with respect to the social, cultural, economic and political conditions of the country and according to the historical experiences and structural characteristics.
{"title":"Basic Health Insurance Stewardship in Line with the Upstream Laws and Policies: Conflicts and Contradictions!!!","authors":"Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, F. Azizi, Aida Asghari, Maryam Babaei","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i2.10675","url":null,"abstract":"One of the serious challenges regarding interactions between Iran’s social security system and health system is basic health insurance stewardship. It has existed for a long time and has been given a special place concerning the related laws and policies in recent years. In this regard, it seems that approving of rules conflicting with upstream laws and policies has increased existing conflicts. This is done by creating ambiguity in the position of basic health insurance. But, it should not be forgotten that the main goal is universal health coverage and effective insurance protection against financial risks caused by illness. Therefore, any decision in these areas should be made with respect to the social, cultural, economic and political conditions of the country and according to the historical experiences and structural characteristics.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130600497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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