Pub Date : 2022-06-19DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9722
Azam Delavarinejad, Elaheh Hooshmand, J. Moghri, Ali Vafaeenjar
Background: The health insurance extent of coverage was decided by the Health Insurance Organization in order to manage costs. In this plan, to determine the extent of payment by each medical center, the performance of the year 2017 was considered the base point. Furthermore, it should not cost more than the performance of the year 2017 or 10 % less. This issue had caused challenges in public hospitals; so, the purpose of this study is to explain the challenges of health insurance extent of coverage from the perspectives of the experts from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and propose solutions. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted through content analysis method in 2022. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The research population included experts such as staff and hospital managers, Medical group managers, and insurance managers and experts. It was done through purposeful sampling. Data collection continued until the codes were completed, and finally 17 people were interviewed. In each phase, data analysis and data collection were performed simultaneously, using content analysis method and MaxQDA10 software. Results: In this study, the 2 main concepts were management challenges (including sub-concepts of motivation, performance evaluation, patient admission, and hospital costs), and planning challenges (including sub-concepts of education, infrastructures, cross-sectional coordination, and foresight). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study and the challenges expressed, Health Insurance Organization can take steps toward upgrading the plan by considering the necessary prerequisites and providing solutions such as performance monitoring evaluation system, cost management, training the target groups, and appropriate clarification and announcements.
{"title":"Elaborating the Challenges of Health Insurance Extent of Coverage and Proposing Solutions from Experts Perspectives","authors":"Azam Delavarinejad, Elaheh Hooshmand, J. Moghri, Ali Vafaeenjar","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9722","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The health insurance extent of coverage was decided by the Health Insurance Organization in order to manage costs. In this plan, to determine the extent of payment by each medical center, the performance of the year 2017 was considered the base point. Furthermore, it should not cost more than the performance of the year 2017 or 10 % less. This issue had caused challenges in public hospitals; so, the purpose of this study is to explain the challenges of health insurance extent of coverage from the perspectives of the experts from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and propose solutions. \u0000Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted through content analysis method in 2022. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The research population included experts such as staff and hospital managers, Medical group managers, and insurance managers and experts. It was done through purposeful sampling. Data collection continued until the codes were completed, and finally 17 people were interviewed. In each phase, data analysis and data collection were performed simultaneously, using content analysis method and MaxQDA10 software. \u0000Results: In this study, the 2 main concepts were management challenges (including sub-concepts of motivation, performance evaluation, patient admission, and hospital costs), and planning challenges (including sub-concepts of education, infrastructures, cross-sectional coordination, and foresight). \u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study and the challenges expressed, Health Insurance Organization can take steps toward upgrading the plan by considering the necessary prerequisites and providing solutions such as performance monitoring evaluation system, cost management, training the target groups, and appropriate clarification and announcements.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121025773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-19DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9719
Aaliyeh Mirzaei, Malike Beheshti Far, Mohammad Zeyaadini
Background: In recent decades, increasing productivity and reducing losses through the improvement of behavioral abnormalities at work has been considered by experts in organizational behavior, especially health researchers. Employee' abnormal behavior is a voluntary behavior that violates important norms of the organization, and thereby, threatens the goodness of the organization, its members, or both. The purpose of this study was to design a model for antecedents and outcomes of behavioral abnormalities of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the summer of 2021. Library and Delphi study methods were used to collect information. Factors were identified and extracted using library studies. Then, experts were asked to determine the importance of each of the identified factors using verbal variables. After that, the verbal variables were converted to triangular fuzzy numbers and the triangular fuzzy mean was decaphasized using the Minkowski formula. Using the fuzzy Delphi method, during 3 stages, experts reached a consensus on the antecedents and outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education by experts and developed a model. Results: A total of 21 factors were identified as antecedents and 13 factors as outcomes of outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources. The highest agreement in the field of antecedents was with the component of poverty and livelihood problems and weakness of self-control and the lowest agreement was with the component of meaninglessness of the universe and the imperfect physical condition and socialization, which have been completely eliminated. Migration has been recognized as the least agreed upon factor. In the field of outcomes, the highest agreement was with dissatisfaction and decreased motivation and the lowest was with suicide and sexual harassment. Conclusion: Considering that poverty and livelihood problems and poor self-control were the most important antecedents of abnormal behavior, authorities can reduce abnormal behaviors of the employees by improving their living conditions and increasing their salaries and benefits, as well as increasing employees' ability to control themselves and improve their self-management skills.
{"title":"Providing a Model for Antecedents and Outcomes of Behavioral Abnormalities of Human Resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education","authors":"Aaliyeh Mirzaei, Malike Beheshti Far, Mohammad Zeyaadini","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9719","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent decades, increasing productivity and reducing losses through the improvement of behavioral abnormalities at work has been considered by experts in organizational behavior, especially health researchers. Employee' abnormal behavior is a voluntary behavior that violates important norms of the organization, and thereby, threatens the goodness of the organization, its members, or both. The purpose of this study was to design a model for antecedents and outcomes of behavioral abnormalities of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. \u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the summer of 2021. Library and Delphi study methods were used to collect information. Factors were identified and extracted using library studies. Then, experts were asked to determine the importance of each of the identified factors using verbal variables. After that, the verbal variables were converted to triangular fuzzy numbers and the triangular fuzzy mean was decaphasized using the Minkowski formula. Using the fuzzy Delphi method, during 3 stages, experts reached a consensus on the antecedents and outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education by experts and developed a model. \u0000Results: A total of 21 factors were identified as antecedents and 13 factors as outcomes of outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources. The highest agreement in the field of antecedents was with the component of poverty and livelihood problems and weakness of self-control and the lowest agreement was with the component of meaninglessness of the universe and the imperfect physical condition and socialization, which have been completely eliminated. Migration has been recognized as the least agreed upon factor. In the field of outcomes, the highest agreement was with dissatisfaction and decreased motivation and the lowest was with suicide and sexual harassment. \u0000Conclusion: Considering that poverty and livelihood problems and poor self-control were the most important antecedents of abnormal behavior, authorities can reduce abnormal behaviors of the employees by improving their living conditions and increasing their salaries and benefits, as well as increasing employees' ability to control themselves and improve their self-management skills.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131567659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-19DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9721
H. Azimi, Navideh Pourahmadi Laleh
Background: Brand can impart a unique meaning of the organization to consumers and create many comparative advantages. This relationship is created through trust, connection, loyalty and emotional commitment to the brand and their impact on advocacy and the development of emotional relationships between the customer and the organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of loyalty to, confidence in and emotional commitment to brand regarding brand advocacy. Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by professors and experts. Convergent validity with a mean variance of more than 0.5 and divergent validity using Fornell and Larker methods were confirmed. Also, the reliability of the instrument was confirmed with the Cronbach's alpha of more than 0.7. The statistical population was patients of Shiraz Namazi Hospital in 2020. After conducting a pre-test and confirming the validity and reliability and determining the variance deviation of the prototype, using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size was determined to be 300. The final questionnaires were distributed and collected among patients through convenience sampling method. Finally, after data analysis, the conceptual model of the research was fitted using the structural equation model and PLS3 software. Results: The conceptual model of the research was fitted using various indicators and the results showed that the model has appropriate quality and acceptable validity. Quantitatively, findings indicated that brand confidence of 0.228 had a significant effect on brand advocacy, but emotional commitment and loyalty with a coefficient of 0.049 and 0.007, respectively, had no significant effect on brand advocacy. Conclusion: Results suggest that brand confidence is achieved by patients through perceived quality, brand credibility and customer-oriented behavior of the hospital staff. Moreover, the influence of reference groups and the social responsibility on the hospital, with the help of confidence in brand, creates emotional commitment in patients.
{"title":"The Effect of Loyalty to, Confidence in and Emotional Commitment to Brand Regarding Brand Advocacy in Shiraz Namazi Hospital","authors":"H. Azimi, Navideh Pourahmadi Laleh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9721","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brand can impart a unique meaning of the organization to consumers and create many comparative advantages. This relationship is created through trust, connection, loyalty and emotional commitment to the brand and their impact on advocacy and the development of emotional relationships between the customer and the organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of loyalty to, confidence in and emotional commitment to brand regarding brand advocacy. \u0000Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by professors and experts. Convergent validity with a mean variance of more than 0.5 and divergent validity using Fornell and Larker methods were confirmed. Also, the reliability of the instrument was confirmed with the Cronbach's alpha of more than 0.7. The statistical population was patients of Shiraz Namazi Hospital in 2020. After conducting a pre-test and confirming the validity and reliability and determining the variance deviation of the prototype, using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size was determined to be 300. The final questionnaires were distributed and collected among patients through convenience sampling method. Finally, after data analysis, the conceptual model of the research was fitted using the structural equation model and PLS3 software. \u0000Results: The conceptual model of the research was fitted using various indicators and the results showed that the model has appropriate quality and acceptable validity. Quantitatively, findings indicated that brand confidence of 0.228 had a significant effect on brand advocacy, but emotional commitment and loyalty with a coefficient of 0.049 and 0.007, respectively, had no significant effect on brand advocacy. \u0000Conclusion: Results suggest that brand confidence is achieved by patients through perceived quality, brand credibility and customer-oriented behavior of the hospital staff. Moreover, the influence of reference groups and the social responsibility on the hospital, with the help of confidence in brand, creates emotional commitment in patients.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116761829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-19DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9715
Z. Rahimi, R. Babaki, Mahnaz Efati
Background: In recent decades, the human development index has become one of the most practical indicators for measuring the level of development in countries. There are several factors that affect the human development index, including health expenditures that increase human development along with manpower and physical capital. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of health costs on human development index for the period 2005-18. Methods: The present study examined the effects of health on human development index in different countries. The study population includes 187 countries with 3 types of divisions (continental, oil and income distribution). The data used by the World Bank were collected and analyzed using data panel regression or composite data. Results: Findings from estimation of models indicated that health expenditures in continents of Europe, South America, Africa and Oceania had a positive and significant effect on human development index. But in Asia, the effect of health expenditure was negative and significant. The effect of per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the continents of Asia, North and South America, Africa and Oceania had been positive and significant, but it was positive and insignificant in continental Europe. In oil-rich countries, the effect of educational expenditures, GDP per capita on human development index was positive and significant, but the effect of health expenditures was positive and insignificant. Also, the effect of mortality index on human development index had been negative and significant. Similar results had been obtained for non-oil countries, albeit with different coefficients. The percentage of health expenditures, compared with GDP, had a direct and significant relationship with the human development index in countries with relatively equal and relatively unequal income distribution; considering the fact that this value for the group of countries with completely unequal income distribution suggested an insignificant value in the model. The percentage of educational expenditures showed a direct and significant relationship on human development in all income groups, and GDP per capita for all groups with different income distributions had a significant and direct effect on the human development index. Also, the under-5 mortality rate in all groups with different income distributions had an inverse and significant relationship with the human development index. Conclusion: Results showed a significant effect of health expenditures on improvement of the health status and development of the studied countries except oil countries, North America and countries with unequal income distribution. Furthermore, increasing the cost of health care is an important step in achieving countries' development goals. Therefore, it is necessary for managers and policy makers of the health system to consider the efficiency in allocating health expenditures to different sectors.
{"title":"Investigating the Relationship between Health Expenditures and Human Development Index: A Cross Country Analysis","authors":"Z. Rahimi, R. Babaki, Mahnaz Efati","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9715","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent decades, the human development index has become one of the most practical indicators for measuring the level of development in countries. There are several factors that affect the human development index, including health expenditures that increase human development along with manpower and physical capital. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of health costs on human development index for the period 2005-18. \u0000Methods: The present study examined the effects of health on human development index in different countries. The study population includes 187 countries with 3 types of divisions (continental, oil and income distribution). The data used by the World Bank were collected and analyzed using data panel regression or composite data. \u0000Results: Findings from estimation of models indicated that health expenditures in continents of Europe, South America, Africa and Oceania had a positive and significant effect on human development index. But in Asia, the effect of health expenditure was negative and significant. The effect of per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the continents of Asia, North and South America, Africa and Oceania had been positive and significant, but it was positive and insignificant in continental Europe. In oil-rich countries, the effect of educational expenditures, GDP per capita on human development index was positive and significant, but the effect of health expenditures was positive and insignificant. Also, the effect of mortality index on human development index had been negative and significant. Similar results had been obtained for non-oil countries, albeit with different coefficients. The percentage of health expenditures, compared with GDP, had a direct and significant relationship with the human development index in countries with relatively equal and relatively unequal income distribution; considering the fact that this value for the group of countries with completely unequal income distribution suggested an insignificant value in the model. The percentage of educational expenditures showed a direct and significant relationship on human development in all income groups, and GDP per capita for all groups with different income distributions had a significant and direct effect on the human development index. Also, the under-5 mortality rate in all groups with different income distributions had an inverse and significant relationship with the human development index. \u0000Conclusion: Results showed a significant effect of health expenditures on improvement of the health status and development of the studied countries except oil countries, North America and countries with unequal income distribution. Furthermore, increasing the cost of health care is an important step in achieving countries' development goals. Therefore, it is necessary for managers and policy makers of the health system to consider the efficiency in allocating health expenditures to different sectors.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125119073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-19DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9716
Saghar Ebtehaj, Hojjat Taheri Goodarzi
Complete Article Title: The Effect of Dark Personality Traits (Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Antisocialism) on Organizational Misconduct by Explaining the Mediating Role of Organizational Mindfulness (A study on the Field of Disaster and Emergency Medical Management - Lorestan's 115 Emergency) Background: Organizational misconduct as a destructive or negative phenomenon has challenged common social values, norms and organizational expectations. Therefore, the study of predictors of organizational misconduct, with the aim of reducing the effect of unpleasant personality traits of employees by directing employees towards behavioral standards, policies and organizational strategies in health care systems seems necessary. Therefore, in this study, dark personality traits and organizational mindfulness were investigated to reduce organizational misconduct. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted with the structural equation modeling approach in 2021. The target population was the staff of the 115 Emergency from Medical Emergency Management Department of Lorestan. The sample size was calculated 217 based on Krejcie-Morgan table. Divergent and convergent validity were used to determine the validity of the structures, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling through SPSS 23 and Smart PLS 3.5 softwares. Results: Findings showed that dark personality traits with the significant value of 6.232 and path coefficient of 0.401 had a positive and significant effect on organizational misconduct and with the significant level of 8.741 and path coefficient of - 0.455, it had a negative and significant effect on organizational mindfulness. Organizational mindfulness with a significant level of 5.187 and the path coefficient of - 0.373 had a negative and significant effect on organizational misconduct. Moreover, organizational mindfulness with direct impact factor of - 0.455 , indirect impact factor of - 0.373, direct significance level of 5.187, and indirect significance of 8.741 (- 1.96 < t < 1.96) determines the mediating role between dark personality traits and organizational misconduct. The quality of the final research model with GOF index (0.379) had a suitable fit. Conclusion: Given the significant role of dark personality traits and organizational mindfulness in relation to predicting organizational misconduct of the employees, while identifying and managing these traits, it is suggested that the managers of 115 emergency medical services in Lorestan, prevent the intentional violation of organizational norms by employees through strengthening the organizational mindfulness of employees.
{"title":"The Effect of Dark Personality Traits (Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Antisocialism) on Organizational Misconduct by Explaining the Mediating Role of Organizational Mindfulness","authors":"Saghar Ebtehaj, Hojjat Taheri Goodarzi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v7i1.9716","url":null,"abstract":"Complete Article Title: The Effect of Dark Personality Traits (Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Antisocialism) on Organizational Misconduct by Explaining the Mediating Role of Organizational Mindfulness (A study on the Field of Disaster and Emergency Medical Management - Lorestan's 115 Emergency) \u0000Background: Organizational misconduct as a destructive or negative phenomenon has challenged common social values, norms and organizational expectations. Therefore, the study of predictors of organizational misconduct, with the aim of reducing the effect of unpleasant personality traits of employees by directing employees towards behavioral standards, policies and organizational strategies in health care systems seems necessary. Therefore, in this study, dark personality traits and organizational mindfulness were investigated to reduce organizational misconduct. \u0000Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted with the structural equation modeling approach in 2021. The target population was the staff of the 115 Emergency from Medical Emergency Management Department of Lorestan. The sample size was calculated 217 based on Krejcie-Morgan table. Divergent and convergent validity were used to determine the validity of the structures, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling through SPSS 23 and Smart PLS 3.5 softwares. \u0000Results: Findings showed that dark personality traits with the significant value of 6.232 and path coefficient of 0.401 had a positive and significant effect on organizational misconduct and with the significant level of 8.741 and path coefficient of - 0.455, it had a negative and significant effect on organizational mindfulness. Organizational mindfulness with a significant level of 5.187 and the path coefficient of - 0.373 had a negative and significant effect on organizational misconduct. Moreover, organizational mindfulness with direct impact factor of - 0.455 , indirect impact factor of - 0.373, direct significance level of 5.187, and indirect significance of 8.741 (- 1.96 < t < 1.96) determines the mediating role between dark personality traits and organizational misconduct. The quality of the final research model with GOF index (0.379) had a suitable fit. \u0000Conclusion: Given the significant role of dark personality traits and organizational mindfulness in relation to predicting organizational misconduct of the employees, while identifying and managing these traits, it is suggested that the managers of 115 emergency medical services in Lorestan, prevent the intentional violation of organizational norms by employees through strengthening the organizational mindfulness of employees.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130372294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8989
M. H. Motevalli, Amirreza Dowlati Beirami, A. Salimi, N. Yousefi
Background: Supporting domestic production, by assuming its effect on the increase of accessibility, has been acknowledged as one of the main pharmaceutical policies from two dimensions of better provision of the drugs in the market and the increase of affordability by reducing prices. Therefore, it is expected from the domestic industries to produce pharmaceutical products that, in addition to increasing access and a sustainable supply of drugs, have competitive prices compared to the rival imported products, and reduce the medical costs imposed on patients and the health system. In this study the price of domestically produced drugs were compared with the price of the similar generic ones in India. Methods: In this study, first, India was selected for comparison due to reasons such as low price, good quality, and the possibility of commerce despite sanctions. Then, from the Iranian pharmaceutical statistics, drugs which were only produced in Iran and were highly consumed with respect to the number of sales were included in the study. Prices of Iranian and Indian medicines were extracted from related valid websites. Finally, the price of 110 drugs were compared to determine the success rate of the domestic production industry in offering a reasonable price in the absence of foreign competitors. Results: According to the findings from 57 % of the drugs under study, the median consumer price of these drugs in India was lower than the Iranian consumer price. If this comparison was made with the minimum price of the Indian medicine, this percentage would reach 88. Conclusion: According to the findings mentioned above, it can be concluded that reducing the drugs prices and costs does not occur in all cases of domestic production, and this alone cannot be a good justification for a complete support of the domestic production of drugs; however, it should be noted that reducing costs is not the only reason to support domestic production of these products, and policy makers may act with regard to other factors in line with supportive policies; thus, the reasons regarding each case should be clearly defined for the health system.
{"title":"Comparison of Price regarding the Domesticly Produced Medicine with the Price of the Similar Generic Medicine in India","authors":"M. H. Motevalli, Amirreza Dowlati Beirami, A. Salimi, N. Yousefi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8989","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Supporting domestic production, by assuming its effect on the increase of accessibility, has been acknowledged as one of the main pharmaceutical policies from two dimensions of better provision of the drugs in the market and the increase of affordability by reducing prices. Therefore, it is expected from the domestic industries to produce pharmaceutical products that, in addition to increasing access and a sustainable supply of drugs, have competitive prices compared to the rival imported products, and reduce the medical costs imposed on patients and the health system. In this study the price of domestically produced drugs were compared with the price of the similar generic ones in India. \u0000Methods: In this study, first, India was selected for comparison due to reasons such as low price, good quality, and the possibility of commerce despite sanctions. Then, from the Iranian pharmaceutical statistics, drugs which were only produced in Iran and were highly consumed with respect to the number of sales were included in the study. Prices of Iranian and Indian medicines were extracted from related valid websites. Finally, the price of 110 drugs were compared to determine the success rate of the domestic production industry in offering a reasonable price in the absence of foreign competitors. \u0000Results: According to the findings from 57 % of the drugs under study, the median consumer price of these drugs in India was lower than the Iranian consumer price. If this comparison was made with the minimum price of the Indian medicine, this percentage would reach 88. \u0000Conclusion: According to the findings mentioned above, it can be concluded that reducing the drugs prices and costs does not occur in all cases of domestic production, and this alone cannot be a good justification for a complete support of the domestic production of drugs; however, it should be noted that reducing costs is not the only reason to support domestic production of these products, and policy makers may act with regard to other factors in line with supportive policies; thus, the reasons regarding each case should be clearly defined for the health system.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127767138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8986
Aynaz Bagherzadi, H. Habibzadeh, Alireza Didarloo, Hamid Reza Kalkhali
Background: Health belief model is a preventive model for health problems such as heart diseases. The aim of this study was defining the effect of educational intervention according to the health belief model on the beliefs of patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome regarding preventive behaviors of readmission. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was done on patients with the primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, discharging from Seyed-al-Shohada Hospital of Urmia, who were randomly selected and put into 2 groups of intervention and control (35 subjects). A researcher- made questionnaire titled “preventive behaviors of cardiac disease and readmission” was used just before, 1, and 3 months after the intervention. For statistical analysis, multiple comparisons of Bonferroni, t-test, chi-square and SPSS 17 software were used. Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores of all the studied areas were not significantly different in the 2 groups of intervention and control (p > 0.05), indicating that the scores of the 2 groups were similar before the study. But, after calculating the difference between the mean scores of preventive behaviors regarding readmission, in the areas of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and preventive behaviors regarding readmission 1 month after the intervention, and in the areas of knowledge, perceived barriers, and guidelines for preventive behaviors and actions regarding readmission 3 months after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The intervention, 1 and 3 months after the implementation, had no effect on the perceived sensitivity and benefits of heart patients (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of implementing the health belief model on health beliefs and preventive behaviors regarding Readmission, it is possible to improve health behaviors by holding regular training sessions and following up on patients’ status, and prevent from patients’ Readmission and hospitalization costs, which also increases the quality of their life.
{"title":"The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Preventive Behaviors of Readmission in Patients with Early Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome","authors":"Aynaz Bagherzadi, H. Habibzadeh, Alireza Didarloo, Hamid Reza Kalkhali","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8986","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health belief model is a preventive model for health problems such as heart diseases. The aim of this study was defining the effect of educational intervention according to the health belief model on the beliefs of patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome regarding preventive behaviors of readmission. \u0000Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was done on patients with the primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, discharging from Seyed-al-Shohada Hospital of Urmia, who were randomly selected and put into 2 groups of intervention and control (35 subjects). A researcher- made questionnaire titled “preventive behaviors of cardiac disease and readmission” was used just before, 1, and 3 months after the intervention. For statistical analysis, multiple comparisons of Bonferroni, t-test, chi-square and SPSS 17 software were used. \u0000Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores of all the studied areas were not significantly different in the 2 groups of intervention and control (p > 0.05), indicating that the scores of the 2 groups were similar before the study. But, after calculating the difference between the mean scores of preventive behaviors regarding readmission, in the areas of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and preventive behaviors regarding readmission 1 month after the intervention, and in the areas of knowledge, perceived barriers, and guidelines for preventive behaviors and actions regarding readmission 3 months after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The intervention, 1 and 3 months after the implementation, had no effect on the perceived sensitivity and benefits of heart patients (p > 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of implementing the health belief model on health beliefs and preventive behaviors regarding Readmission, it is possible to improve health behaviors by holding regular training sessions and following up on patients’ status, and prevent from patients’ Readmission and hospitalization costs, which also increases the quality of their life.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122158540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8991
Nadali Olfatpor, M. Mousakhani, K. Daneshfard, Mehdi Irannejad Parizi
Background: One important goal of policymakers regarding economy in developed countries is to improve quality, standard and level of well-being in society. The purpose of this study was to provide a model that leads to improving the quality of public welfare in the country's governance system. Methods: This was a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research conducted in 2020. To collect data in the qualitative section, exploratory interviews based on theme analysis, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire, were used. Analysis of the qualitative section was done through MaxQDA 18 software, and in the quantitative section, it was done by SPSS 22 and SmartPLS 2 software. The statistical population in the qualitative method included experts in the field of policymaking and social welfare. Purposive and snowball sampling were used, which resulted in 18 interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative method included 150 managers from the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare selected based on Cochran's formula 108. Results: In the qualitative part, after recording the data from the interviews, 99 initial indicators were identified. After coding based on theme analysis method, 69 indicators, 8 dimensions (social capital; public policies and policymaking; domestic and international environment; public participation and management; transparency in affairs; social security; social health; quality of governance and public welfare), and 5 components (causal, intervention, and contextual causes, strategies and consequences) were approved, and led to the creation of a public welfare governance model based on theme analysis. The results of the quantitative part indicated that the dimensions of public policies and policymaking and social capital affect domestic and international environment, public participation and management, as well as the dimension of transparency in affairs. They also affect social security and health, which in turn, affect the quality of public welfare governance. Conclusion: One of the requirements for establishing and improving the governance of public welfare in Iran is addressing the 8 components and 69 indicators extracted in this model.
{"title":"Designing a Model for Public Welfare Governance in Iran","authors":"Nadali Olfatpor, M. Mousakhani, K. Daneshfard, Mehdi Irannejad Parizi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8991","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One important goal of policymakers regarding economy in developed countries is to improve quality, standard and level of well-being in society. The purpose of this study was to provide a model that leads to improving the quality of public welfare in the country's governance system. \u0000Methods: This was a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research conducted in 2020. To collect data in the qualitative section, exploratory interviews based on theme analysis, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire, were used. Analysis of the qualitative section was done through MaxQDA 18 software, and in the quantitative section, it was done by SPSS 22 and SmartPLS 2 software. The statistical population in the qualitative method included experts in the field of policymaking and social welfare. Purposive and snowball sampling were used, which resulted in 18 interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative method included 150 managers from the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare selected based on Cochran's formula 108. \u0000Results: In the qualitative part, after recording the data from the interviews, 99 initial indicators were identified. After coding based on theme analysis method, 69 indicators, 8 dimensions (social capital; public policies and policymaking; domestic and international environment; public participation and management; transparency in affairs; social security; social health; quality of governance and public welfare), and 5 components (causal, intervention, and contextual causes, strategies and consequences) were approved, and led to the creation of a public welfare governance model based on theme analysis. The results of the quantitative part indicated that the dimensions of public policies and policymaking and social capital affect domestic and international environment, public participation and management, as well as the dimension of transparency in affairs. They also affect social security and health, which in turn, affect the quality of public welfare governance. \u0000Conclusion: One of the requirements for establishing and improving the governance of public welfare in Iran is addressing the 8 components and 69 indicators extracted in this model.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129336216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8983
Mohsen Radpour, Seyed Hasan Hataminasab, S. Nayebzadeh
Background: Having an inclusive approach and explaining involvement practices and the roles played by the actors in healthcare ecosystems is a critical factor in healthcare industry. The aim of this study was to design the process pattern of value co-creation in the healthcare ecosystem. Methods: This study was practical in terms of the goal, and descriptive-survey with a two-staged qualitative method in terms of data collection. At first, 23 articles and scientific reports regarding theoretical foundations of value co-creation in healthcare were reviewed using the systematic review, and the basic pattern was designed. Then, in order to confirm and complete the identified factors in the first stage, 10 academic and professional experts familiar with value co-creation and health care ecosystem in the country were interviewed ,selected by combining targeted judgmental and chain sampling. The data gathered from these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Result: In this study, 3 categories and 54 subcategories concerning health ecosystem were extracted. According to the results, the final pattern was designed in 3 stages of process readiness, value network and process achievements in 3 micro, meso and macro levels. Accordingly, the roles and tasks of the actors in the health service ecosystem were explained. Conclusion: Clarity of the role of the actors and making necessary preparations to implement them, paves the way for structural innovations of value co-creation process. In addition, establishing technical and legislative grounds to facilitate participation, leads to more participation. The suggested pattern can be used as a guide for value co-creation in the health service ecosystem.
{"title":"The Process Pattern of Value Co-creation in Healthcare Service Ecosystem","authors":"Mohsen Radpour, Seyed Hasan Hataminasab, S. Nayebzadeh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8983","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Having an inclusive approach and explaining involvement practices and the roles played by the actors in healthcare ecosystems is a critical factor in healthcare industry. The aim of this study was to design the process pattern of value co-creation in the healthcare ecosystem. \u0000Methods: This study was practical in terms of the goal, and descriptive-survey with a two-staged qualitative method in terms of data collection. At first, 23 articles and scientific reports regarding theoretical foundations of value co-creation in healthcare were reviewed using the systematic review, and the basic pattern was designed. Then, in order to confirm and complete the identified factors in the first stage, 10 academic and professional experts familiar with value co-creation and health care ecosystem in the country were interviewed ,selected by combining targeted judgmental and chain sampling. The data gathered from these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. \u0000Result: In this study, 3 categories and 54 subcategories concerning health ecosystem were extracted. According to the results, the final pattern was designed in 3 stages of process readiness, value network and process achievements in 3 micro, meso and macro levels. Accordingly, the roles and tasks of the actors in the health service ecosystem were explained. \u0000Conclusion: Clarity of the role of the actors and making necessary preparations to implement them, paves the way for structural innovations of value co-creation process. In addition, establishing technical and legislative grounds to facilitate participation, leads to more participation. The suggested pattern can be used as a guide for value co-creation in the health service ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134249914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8981
Mitra Moradinia, Atefeh Vaezi
Background: The Comprehensive Child Development Center was established in 2012 in the center of Isfahan province to rapidly identify and intervene in the developmental problems of children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of this program. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted based on the framework for evaluating public health programs established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of United States of America with regard to evaluation of infrastructure, process and outcome. The infrastructure’s checklist included an area of land, equipment, workforce and equipment completed with presence of researcher at the center. Process and outcome evaluation was performed for 127 registered children during 2019. A satisfaction questionnaire was completed in person or remotely by parents of 144 children referred to the center in 2019 and 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA was carried out through SPSS 16 software. Results: The overall compliance of infrastructure with standards was 75.42%, with the highest compliance related to the equipment and the lowest related to the specialized workforce. The degree of compliance of the process compared with the standard one varied in different dimensions. 6.30 % of the children were cured and 76.38 % quit treatment. The most common reasons for treatment discontinuation were lack of appointment (29.53 %) and long distance (18.12 %). The overall satisfaction score was 83.90 ± 14.08. The satisfaction of the parents who completed the questionnaire in person was higher than those who completed the questionnaire remotely. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the rate of complete cure is low and the rate of treatment discontinuation is high, whose main reasons were the lack of appointment to admit children with developmental disorders and long distance. It is suggested that, in order to solve the problem, the Ministry of Health establish more centers and provide the required workforce.
{"title":"Evaluating the Implementation of Child Development and Care Program in Isfahan Comprehensive Child Development Center","authors":"Mitra Moradinia, Atefeh Vaezi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i4.8981","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Comprehensive Child Development Center was established in 2012 in the center of Isfahan province to rapidly identify and intervene in the developmental problems of children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of this program. \u0000Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted based on the framework for evaluating public health programs established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of United States of America with regard to evaluation of infrastructure, process and outcome. The infrastructure’s checklist included an area of land, equipment, workforce and equipment completed with presence of researcher at the center. Process and outcome evaluation was performed for 127 registered children during 2019. A satisfaction questionnaire was completed in person or remotely by parents of 144 children referred to the center in 2019 and 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA was carried out through SPSS 16 software. \u0000Results: The overall compliance of infrastructure with standards was 75.42%, with the highest compliance related to the equipment and the lowest related to the specialized workforce. The degree of compliance of the process compared with the standard one varied in different dimensions. 6.30 % of the children were cured and 76.38 % quit treatment. The most common reasons for treatment discontinuation were lack of appointment (29.53 %) and long distance (18.12 %). The overall satisfaction score was 83.90 ± 14.08. The satisfaction of the parents who completed the questionnaire in person was higher than those who completed the questionnaire remotely. \u0000Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the rate of complete cure is low and the rate of treatment discontinuation is high, whose main reasons were the lack of appointment to admit children with developmental disorders and long distance. It is suggested that, in order to solve the problem, the Ministry of Health establish more centers and provide the required workforce. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115402222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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