Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2015.15.2.319
Sang-Soo Hwang, Won-Sun Hwang, Byung-Jun Jang, Sang-Kyoo Han, Jeong-Il Kang
In this paper, we propose a cost-effective single switch multi-channel LED (light emitting diode) driver. While conventional LED drivers require as many non-isolated DC/DC converters as the number of LED channels, the proposed LED driver needs only one power switch and several balancing capacitors instead of expensive non-isolated DC/DC converters. Therefore, the proposed driver features a simpler structure, with lower cost, and higher efficiency. In particular, because its power switch can be turned off under the zero current switching condition, it has very desirable advantages such as improved electromagnetic interference characteristics and high efficiency. Moreover, it uses only a small number of DC blocking capacitors with no additional active devices for current balancing of multi-channel LEDs, so the proposed driver exhibits high reliability and is cost effective. To confirm the validity of the proposed driver, we perform a theoretical analysis, and present design considerations and experimental results obtained from a prototype that is applicable to a 46” LED-TV.
{"title":"Cost-effective single switch multi-channel LED driver","authors":"Sang-Soo Hwang, Won-Sun Hwang, Byung-Jun Jang, Sang-Kyoo Han, Jeong-Il Kang","doi":"10.6113/JPE.2015.15.2.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6113/JPE.2015.15.2.319","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a cost-effective single switch multi-channel LED (light emitting diode) driver. While conventional LED drivers require as many non-isolated DC/DC converters as the number of LED channels, the proposed LED driver needs only one power switch and several balancing capacitors instead of expensive non-isolated DC/DC converters. Therefore, the proposed driver features a simpler structure, with lower cost, and higher efficiency. In particular, because its power switch can be turned off under the zero current switching condition, it has very desirable advantages such as improved electromagnetic interference characteristics and high efficiency. Moreover, it uses only a small number of DC blocking capacitors with no additional active devices for current balancing of multi-channel LEDs, so the proposed driver exhibits high reliability and is cost effective. To confirm the validity of the proposed driver, we perform a theoretical analysis, and present design considerations and experimental results obtained from a prototype that is applicable to a 46” LED-TV.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127433394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980700
M. Habibullin, V. Pikalov, V. Mescheryakov, S. Valtchev
The growing number of consumers representing non-linear loads has led to an increase in the level of harmonics and poor power quality. It is not news to apply active power filtering (APF), but the drawback is the lower efficiency and complexity. The described here active power filter control system is simpler and more efficient. It is based on a relay current regulator and its converter uses the existing DC bus of the rectifier. The theoretical basis of the APF is described. A model of the proposed APF (with its suggested control system and the common DC link) is simulated in Matlab. The result of this simulation demonstrates that the level of the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the input current is less than 3 %. The input current matches the phase of the input (mains) voltage: i.e. the consumption of reactive power from the grid is minimized. The simulation is confirmed by experimental study of the APF with Common DC Link. The corresponding results are provided.
{"title":"Active power filter with common DC link for compensation of harmonic distortion in power grids","authors":"M. Habibullin, V. Pikalov, V. Mescheryakov, S. Valtchev","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980700","url":null,"abstract":"The growing number of consumers representing non-linear loads has led to an increase in the level of harmonics and poor power quality. It is not news to apply active power filtering (APF), but the drawback is the lower efficiency and complexity. The described here active power filter control system is simpler and more efficient. It is based on a relay current regulator and its converter uses the existing DC bus of the rectifier. The theoretical basis of the APF is described. A model of the proposed APF (with its suggested control system and the common DC link) is simulated in Matlab. The result of this simulation demonstrates that the level of the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the input current is less than 3 %. The input current matches the phase of the input (mains) voltage: i.e. the consumption of reactive power from the grid is minimized. The simulation is confirmed by experimental study of the APF with Common DC Link. The corresponding results are provided.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133787771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980547
S. Ryvkin, Marsel Valiyev, S. Fligl, J. Bauer
The induction machine in the operating mode of generator is a very valuable alternative to the synchronous machines. Especially in lower nominal power rating range, such solution can be more cost effective. Induction machine with a squirrel-cage rotor cannot generate a reactive power and even more it is a permanent consumer of the reactive power. In this paper, we strive to define theoretical limits of operation if the electronic source of reactive power is used.
{"title":"Control of island mode working induction generator based on state space controller","authors":"S. Ryvkin, Marsel Valiyev, S. Fligl, J. Bauer","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980547","url":null,"abstract":"The induction machine in the operating mode of generator is a very valuable alternative to the synchronous machines. Especially in lower nominal power rating range, such solution can be more cost effective. Induction machine with a squirrel-cage rotor cannot generate a reactive power and even more it is a permanent consumer of the reactive power. In this paper, we strive to define theoretical limits of operation if the electronic source of reactive power is used.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130709751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980697
S. Sezen, A. Aktaş, M. Uçar, E. Ozdemir
This paper presents a three-phase three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter based single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with shunt active power filter (APF) functionality. The proposed system can perform both the maximum real power injection with the perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm from the PV panels into the grid and active power filtering to compensate the load current harmonics. Thus, the PV system operates more efficiently compared to the conventional PV systems and can be useful for power system applications. Control of the proposed system is based on synchronous reference frame control algorithm and hysteresis band current control technique. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated with Matlab/Simulink simulations and validated through dSPACE DS1103 real-time control platform based laboratory experimental results.
{"title":"A three-phase three-level NPC inverter based grid-connected photovoltaic system with active power filtering","authors":"S. Sezen, A. Aktaş, M. Uçar, E. Ozdemir","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980697","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a three-phase three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter based single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with shunt active power filter (APF) functionality. The proposed system can perform both the maximum real power injection with the perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm from the PV panels into the grid and active power filtering to compensate the load current harmonics. Thus, the PV system operates more efficiently compared to the conventional PV systems and can be useful for power system applications. Control of the proposed system is based on synchronous reference frame control algorithm and hysteresis band current control technique. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated with Matlab/Simulink simulations and validated through dSPACE DS1103 real-time control platform based laboratory experimental results.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116865190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980513
Z. Taif, M. M. Lafifi, B. Boulebtateche
In the context of the electricity production, the solar energy is appropriate and endless. At present the technologies of solar concentration are the one which present most possibilities for commercial use. Thus, it is necessary not only to design processes of conversion of energy, but it is also important to assure an availability of these equipment by the conception of fault detection and isolation (FDI) systems. To improve the behavior of the solar power plant, we use a model based on differential algebraic equations to describe variations of the solar radiation, ambient temperature, flow rate and temperature of fluid. These phenomena are highly nonlinear. Moreover, a large class of nonlinear systems can be well approximated by T-S fuzzy models. The diagnosis scheme is based on a fuzzy observer to estimate faults and faulty system states; a proportional (P) observer to estimate constant faults in then adopted. Using descriptor redundancy property, a solution is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The performance of the proposed approach is pointed out by focusing on a model of solar power plant through numerical results.
{"title":"Diagnosis of a solar power plant using TS fuzzy-based multimodel approach","authors":"Z. Taif, M. M. Lafifi, B. Boulebtateche","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980513","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the electricity production, the solar energy is appropriate and endless. At present the technologies of solar concentration are the one which present most possibilities for commercial use. Thus, it is necessary not only to design processes of conversion of energy, but it is also important to assure an availability of these equipment by the conception of fault detection and isolation (FDI) systems. To improve the behavior of the solar power plant, we use a model based on differential algebraic equations to describe variations of the solar radiation, ambient temperature, flow rate and temperature of fluid. These phenomena are highly nonlinear. Moreover, a large class of nonlinear systems can be well approximated by T-S fuzzy models. The diagnosis scheme is based on a fuzzy observer to estimate faults and faulty system states; a proportional (P) observer to estimate constant faults in then adopted. Using descriptor redundancy property, a solution is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The performance of the proposed approach is pointed out by focusing on a model of solar power plant through numerical results.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134416707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980702
D. Stănescu, P. Nicolae, I. Bojoi
The paper presents an optimization of an indirect vector control strategy for induction motor drives. Based on the mathematic model of the induction motor which considers the iron loss resistance, a control algorithm has been conceived to reduce the difference between the measured and estimated torques. Two cases are presented in the paper. In the first case the iron loss resistance is neglected in the control algorithm, but it is considered in the second case. The indirect vector control algorithm was implemented on a dSPACE DS 1104 platform controlling an inverter fed 2.2 kW induction motor.
{"title":"On the optimization of the rotor flux vector control used in induction motors drive systems","authors":"D. Stănescu, P. Nicolae, I. Bojoi","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980702","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an optimization of an indirect vector control strategy for induction motor drives. Based on the mathematic model of the induction motor which considers the iron loss resistance, a control algorithm has been conceived to reduce the difference between the measured and estimated torques. Two cases are presented in the paper. In the first case the iron loss resistance is neglected in the control algorithm, but it is considered in the second case. The indirect vector control algorithm was implemented on a dSPACE DS 1104 platform controlling an inverter fed 2.2 kW induction motor.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134556445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980555
Ayato Sagehashi, K. Kusaka, K. Orikawa, J. Itoh, Akio Momma
This paper investigates differences of parasitic inductances caused by DC bus bar patterns on printed circuit boards(PCB). The DC bus bar pattern on the PCB is limited depending on the layout of main circuits and the control circuits. Two patterns which are a laminated wiring pattern and a plane wiring pattern are compared in experiments and simulations. In this paper, it will be clarified that effects of the DC bus bars on PCBs such as a surge voltage of a switch in terms of the parasitic inductance depending on the circuits on PCBs. As a result, if the same parasitic inductance which is 20 nH, is realized between each wiring pattern at the same length, the plane wiring pattern requires over ten times of the pattern width compared with that of the laminated wiring pattern. Hence, the circuit size can be downsized when the laminated pattern is used. From the experimental results, the maximum surge voltage in the plane wiring pattern is larger than that in the laminated wiring pattern. In this case, the parasitic inductance value of the plane wiring pattern is three times that of the laminated wiring pattern. However, the surge voltage in the laminated pattern is reduced by 7% compared with the plane wiring pattern. As a consequence, the ratio of the surge voltage does not match that of the parasitic inductance. As a result, not only the parasitic inductance of the DC bus bar but also it is necessary to consider other parasitic inductances on PCBs such as parasitic inductances into input capacitors and the path between an upper MOSFET and a lower one and so on.
{"title":"Pattern design criteria of main circuit using printed circuit boards for parasitic inductance reduction","authors":"Ayato Sagehashi, K. Kusaka, K. Orikawa, J. Itoh, Akio Momma","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980555","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates differences of parasitic inductances caused by DC bus bar patterns on printed circuit boards(PCB). The DC bus bar pattern on the PCB is limited depending on the layout of main circuits and the control circuits. Two patterns which are a laminated wiring pattern and a plane wiring pattern are compared in experiments and simulations. In this paper, it will be clarified that effects of the DC bus bars on PCBs such as a surge voltage of a switch in terms of the parasitic inductance depending on the circuits on PCBs. As a result, if the same parasitic inductance which is 20 nH, is realized between each wiring pattern at the same length, the plane wiring pattern requires over ten times of the pattern width compared with that of the laminated wiring pattern. Hence, the circuit size can be downsized when the laminated pattern is used. From the experimental results, the maximum surge voltage in the plane wiring pattern is larger than that in the laminated wiring pattern. In this case, the parasitic inductance value of the plane wiring pattern is three times that of the laminated wiring pattern. However, the surge voltage in the laminated pattern is reduced by 7% compared with the plane wiring pattern. As a consequence, the ratio of the surge voltage does not match that of the parasitic inductance. As a result, not only the parasitic inductance of the DC bus bar but also it is necessary to consider other parasitic inductances on PCBs such as parasitic inductances into input capacitors and the path between an upper MOSFET and a lower one and so on.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134574834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980524
M. Baskin, Bulent Caglar
This paper presents the use of new particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for tuning the PID speed controller adaptively for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives. The new PSO algorithm minimizes the integral square error of speed response for a PMSM drives. This algorithm uses a modified cost function that includes information about position following and overshoot error of the step response. Simulation results show that the controller that is tuned with this new PSO algorithm is superior to the traditionally tuned one in such a way that it has a smaller torque ripple and a smaller speed reference tracking error. Moreover, considering nonlinear structure of the inverter, optimization through actual system takes long time. In order to shorten the optimization time, new method that simplifies the current loop is applied.
{"title":"A modified design of PID controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives using particle swarm optimization","authors":"M. Baskin, Bulent Caglar","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980524","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the use of new particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for tuning the PID speed controller adaptively for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives. The new PSO algorithm minimizes the integral square error of speed response for a PMSM drives. This algorithm uses a modified cost function that includes information about position following and overshoot error of the step response. Simulation results show that the controller that is tuned with this new PSO algorithm is superior to the traditionally tuned one in such a way that it has a smaller torque ripple and a smaller speed reference tracking error. Moreover, considering nonlinear structure of the inverter, optimization through actual system takes long time. In order to shorten the optimization time, new method that simplifies the current loop is applied.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133270593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980598
C. Engelhard, A. Lohner, Magnus Boh
This paper presents the development of a multifunctional DC-DC converter which combines the function of two, normally separate converters, for use in Plug-in electrical-or hybrid electrical vehicles. A bidirectional high power DC-DC converter connects the traction battery and the DC-Link. The same hardware is able to load the traction battery from a single phase power grid, with a Power Factor Correction (PFC) to ensure the compliance of standards. In case of reduced hardware components cost and construction volume can be decreased.
{"title":"Development of a multifunctional multiphase DC/DC-converter for traction battery coupling with integrated charging function","authors":"C. Engelhard, A. Lohner, Magnus Boh","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980598","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a multifunctional DC-DC converter which combines the function of two, normally separate converters, for use in Plug-in electrical-or hybrid electrical vehicles. A bidirectional high power DC-DC converter connects the traction battery and the DC-Link. The same hardware is able to load the traction battery from a single phase power grid, with a Power Factor Correction (PFC) to ensure the compliance of standards. In case of reduced hardware components cost and construction volume can be decreased.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124053237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-11DOI: 10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980678
E. Kontos, R. T. Pinto, P. Bauer, E. Wiggelinkhuizen
The increasing global energy needs have led to the realization of interconnectors to strengthen regional electricity systems. As interconnectors are often placed offshore, combining those with wind farm grids can increase profitability compared to separate infrastructure and improve the grid integration, offering higher security of supply and controllability. However, a systematic approach for selecting the best transmission options for offshore multi-terminal networks is still missing in literature. This paper investigates options for interconnecting two offshore wind farms (OWFs) to two onshore asynchronous grids in a multi-terminal network. The options are presented for a case study comprising the Dutch and the British grid along with two OWFs in the coastal zone of each country. A review of the available technologies regarding high-voltage ac (HVac) and high-voltage dc (HVdc) transmission systems is given and, on this basis, six technical scenarios are identified and evaluated. For each scenario, the technical specifications are elaborated and a rough cost calculation is made. Based on the design possibilities for a four-terminal network, the technical bottlenecks and the most important research challenges for its realization are presented.
{"title":"Multi-terminal network options for the interconnection of offshore wind farms: A case study between Britain and The Netherlands","authors":"E. Kontos, R. T. Pinto, P. Bauer, E. Wiggelinkhuizen","doi":"10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2014.6980678","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global energy needs have led to the realization of interconnectors to strengthen regional electricity systems. As interconnectors are often placed offshore, combining those with wind farm grids can increase profitability compared to separate infrastructure and improve the grid integration, offering higher security of supply and controllability. However, a systematic approach for selecting the best transmission options for offshore multi-terminal networks is still missing in literature. This paper investigates options for interconnecting two offshore wind farms (OWFs) to two onshore asynchronous grids in a multi-terminal network. The options are presented for a case study comprising the Dutch and the British grid along with two OWFs in the coastal zone of each country. A review of the available technologies regarding high-voltage ac (HVac) and high-voltage dc (HVdc) transmission systems is given and, on this basis, six technical scenarios are identified and evaluated. For each scenario, the technical specifications are elaborated and a rough cost calculation is made. Based on the design possibilities for a four-terminal network, the technical bottlenecks and the most important research challenges for its realization are presented.","PeriodicalId":325670,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129362102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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