E. Yuliwati, H. Porawati, Elfidiah Elfidiah, Ani Melani
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membranes were prepared via phase inversion method by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO2) in the dope solution. It is aimed to study the effects of TiO2 on the membrane surface properties and thus its separation performance. The PVDF membranes modified by various TiO2 contents were characterized with respect to cross-sectional structure, average pore size, effective porosity, hydrophilicity, permeability and rejection. Maximum values of membrane hydrophilicity, membrane porosity and average pore size were achieved upon addition of 1.95% TiO2. It is found that changes in the membrane surface properties are closely corresponded with the membrane fouling. The maximum flux and rejection of organic pollutants from palm oil wastewater were recorded at 82.5 L/m2 h and 98.8 %, respectively using PVDF composite membrane incorporated with 1.95% TiO2.
{"title":"Performance of Composite Membrane for Palm Oil Wastewater Treatment","authors":"E. Yuliwati, H. Porawati, Elfidiah Elfidiah, Ani Melani","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.147","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membranes were prepared via phase inversion method by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO2) in the dope solution. It is aimed to study the effects of TiO2 on the membrane surface properties and thus its separation performance. The PVDF membranes modified by various TiO2 contents were characterized with respect to cross-sectional structure, average pore size, effective porosity, hydrophilicity, permeability and rejection. Maximum values of membrane hydrophilicity, membrane porosity and average pore size were achieved upon addition of 1.95% TiO2. It is found that changes in the membrane surface properties are closely corresponded with the membrane fouling. The maximum flux and rejection of organic pollutants from palm oil wastewater were recorded at 82.5 L/m2 h and 98.8 %, respectively using PVDF composite membrane incorporated with 1.95% TiO2.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132264748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celluloses are natural polysaccharides that have garnered attentions in recent years due to their sustainability, availability and notable applications in various fields. Whilst demand of clean water sources keep increasing, modified nano-structured cellulose derived from agricultural waste showed a good prospect in adsorbing pollutants from water. To date, large number of studies have reported the performance of nanocellulose in removing wide range of pollutants from effluents. The purpose of this mini review is to present an overview of existing literatures on the utilization of nanocellulose-based materials as adsorbent for water remediation and make aware of possible development of integrating adsorption and nanotechnology for water separation and purification.
{"title":"Nano-structured Cellulose as Green Adsorbents for Water Purification: A Mini Review","authors":"H. Ibrahim, N. Sazali, I. Ibrahim, M. Sharip","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.154","url":null,"abstract":"Celluloses are natural polysaccharides that have garnered attentions in recent years due to their sustainability, availability and notable applications in various fields. Whilst demand of clean water sources keep increasing, modified nano-structured cellulose derived from agricultural waste showed a good prospect in adsorbing pollutants from water. To date, large number of studies have reported the performance of nanocellulose in removing wide range of pollutants from effluents. The purpose of this mini review is to present an overview of existing literatures on the utilization of nanocellulose-based materials as adsorbent for water remediation and make aware of possible development of integrating adsorption and nanotechnology for water separation and purification.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132468748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aziz, P. Goh, M. A. Azali, M. Abidin, M. H. A. Ba'dah
Protonated carbon nitride (pCN) prepared from acid treatment of carbon nitride (CN) was incorporated in the polysulfone (PSf) substrate and polyamide (PA) layer to produce thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane. The hydrophilicity of CN is expected to improve the surface hydrophilicity of the membrane and acid treatment of nanoparticle is aimed to further enhance the surface structure and prevent the agglomeration of nanomaterial from taking place. pCN loading used in the PSf substrate was 0.5% while in the PA layer was varied as 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15%. All the membrane prepared were characterized in terms of morphology, structural properties, and surface chemistry. Reverse osmosis dead-end filtration system was used to determine the water permeability and the salt rejection. It was observed that, all the membrane prepared could maintain the salt rejection with improvement of water permeability. However, the salt rejection was sacrificed when higher loading of 0.15% pCN was tested, although the water permeability of the membrane has reached approximately 0.5 LMHbar. This work demonstrates that the use of pCN in RO membrane can improve the water permeability without sacrificing the salt rejection.
{"title":"Protonated Carbon Nitride Incorporated Polyamide Thin Film Nanocomposite for Reverse Osmosis Desalination","authors":"A. Aziz, P. Goh, M. A. Azali, M. Abidin, M. H. A. Ba'dah","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.153","url":null,"abstract":"Protonated carbon nitride (pCN) prepared from acid treatment of carbon nitride (CN) was incorporated in the polysulfone (PSf) substrate and polyamide (PA) layer to produce thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane. The hydrophilicity of CN is expected to improve the surface hydrophilicity of the membrane and acid treatment of nanoparticle is aimed to further enhance the surface structure and prevent the agglomeration of nanomaterial from taking place. pCN loading used in the PSf substrate was 0.5% while in the PA layer was varied as 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15%. All the membrane prepared were characterized in terms of morphology, structural properties, and surface chemistry. Reverse osmosis dead-end filtration system was used to determine the water permeability and the salt rejection. It was observed that, all the membrane prepared could maintain the salt rejection with improvement of water permeability. However, the salt rejection was sacrificed when higher loading of 0.15% pCN was tested, although the water permeability of the membrane has reached approximately 0.5 LMHbar. This work demonstrates that the use of pCN in RO membrane can improve the water permeability without sacrificing the salt rejection.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128253912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive nitrate discharge into the aquatic environment from human activities is the main contributor to groundwater and surface water contamination. Its toxicity in water is a serious concern as it gives huge impacts on aquatic life since it damages the ecosystem and water sources around the globe. Recently, the development of nanomaterials as nano-adsorbent makes adsorption the most attractive solution among them. Nano-adsorbents pose high efficiency to remove pollutants from aqueous media. The exclusive chemical and structural properties of the developed nano-adsorbents are the determinative effects of nitrate adsorption performance. In this mini review, the state-of-the-art development of nano-adsorbents and nano-adsorbents-modified membranes for nitrate from water is discussed, and some challenges faced in this field are also highlighted.
{"title":"Modified-Nano-Adsorbents for Nitrate Efficient Removal: A Review","authors":"Nur Diyana Suzaimi, P. Goh, N. Malek","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.161","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive nitrate discharge into the aquatic environment from human activities is the main contributor to groundwater and surface water contamination. Its toxicity in water is a serious concern as it gives huge impacts on aquatic life since it damages the ecosystem and water sources around the globe. Recently, the development of nanomaterials as nano-adsorbent makes adsorption the most attractive solution among them. Nano-adsorbents pose high efficiency to remove pollutants from aqueous media. The exclusive chemical and structural properties of the developed nano-adsorbents are the determinative effects of nitrate adsorption performance. In this mini review, the state-of-the-art development of nano-adsorbents and nano-adsorbents-modified membranes for nitrate from water is discussed, and some challenges faced in this field are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117307133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zanariah Rajis, N. Azmi, S. Makhtar, M. A. Norddin, A. Mustafa
This study proposed an effective method of methylene blue (MB) removal using a membrane with photocatalytic properties. The photocatalytic membrane, made of polyethersulfone (PESf) was incorporated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silver oxide (Ag2O) as the photocatalyst during the phase inversion process. TiO2 was synthesized using sol-gel method before being modified by Ag2O via wet pre-deposition method. The PESf/TiO2/Ag2O (PTA) membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscope coupled with elementary dispersion X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), attenuated Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and ultraviolet visible near infrared (UV-vis NIR). The PTA membrane with 0.2 wt.% loading of TiO2/Ag2O shows uniform distribution of the photocatalyst materials and exhibits the highest degradation of MB at 85%. The TiO2/Ag2O presence was confirmed by the crystallinity analysis using XRD. UV-Vis NIR revealed that the band gap of TiO2 reduced from 3.2 to 2.1 eV when modified with Ag2O. This proved that membrane separation assisted with photocatalytic degradation is able to perform high degradation of MB dyes and has potential to be applied in industrial application.
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization and Performances of Photocatalytic TiO2-Ag2O/PESf Membrane for Methylene Blue Removal","authors":"Zanariah Rajis, N. Azmi, S. Makhtar, M. A. Norddin, A. Mustafa","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.160","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposed an effective method of methylene blue (MB) removal using a membrane with photocatalytic properties. The photocatalytic membrane, made of polyethersulfone (PESf) was incorporated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silver oxide (Ag2O) as the photocatalyst during the phase inversion process. TiO2 was synthesized using sol-gel method before being modified by Ag2O via wet pre-deposition method. The PESf/TiO2/Ag2O (PTA) membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscope coupled with elementary dispersion X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), attenuated Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and ultraviolet visible near infrared (UV-vis NIR). The PTA membrane with 0.2 wt.% loading of TiO2/Ag2O shows uniform distribution of the photocatalyst materials and exhibits the highest degradation of MB at 85%. The TiO2/Ag2O presence was confirmed by the crystallinity analysis using XRD. UV-Vis NIR revealed that the band gap of TiO2 reduced from 3.2 to 2.1 eV when modified with Ag2O. This proved that membrane separation assisted with photocatalytic degradation is able to perform high degradation of MB dyes and has potential to be applied in industrial application.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126347144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is the intention of the authors to let the students understand the underlying principles of membrane separation processes by solving the problems numerically, in general. In particular, in this article problems and answers are presented for reverse osmosis (RO), one of the membrane separation processes driven by the transmembrane hydraulic pressure difference. The transport theories for RO were developed in early nineteen sixties, when the industrial membrane separation processes emerged. These problems are solved step by step using a simple calculator or Excel in computer.
{"title":"Fundamentals of RO Membrane Separation Process: Problems and Solutions","authors":"A. Ismail, T. Matsuura","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N3.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N3.166","url":null,"abstract":"It is the intention of the authors to let the students understand the underlying principles of membrane separation processes by solving the problems numerically, in general. In particular, in this article problems and answers are presented for reverse osmosis (RO), one of the membrane separation processes driven by the transmembrane hydraulic pressure difference. The transport theories for RO were developed in early nineteen sixties, when the industrial membrane separation processes emerged. These problems are solved step by step using a simple calculator or Excel in computer.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132228976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. H. Jamaludin, K. Rangasamy, T. Wong, T. Li, S. A. Razak
A series of bio-based photocrosslinked polyester membranes, poly(1,8-octanediol-itaconate-citrate-dodecandioate), (POSCI) were synthesized through polycondensation followed by photocrosslinking under UV irradiation in the presence of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as photoinitiator (PI). Upon varied UV exposure time and DMPA content, the corresponding changes in chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the polymer were studied. The transmission peak of FTIR spectrum centred at 1725 cm-1 indicates the formation of ester structure. Contact angle results suggested all of the synthesized POSCI membranes had hydrophilic properties as their contact angle is less than 90 °. Sol-gel analysis shows that the swelling ratio of POSCI decreases while the gel fraction increases with increasing in photocrosslinking time. The tensile strength of POSCI, thus, increased correspondingly with longer UV exposure. Excess DMPA, however, proved otherwise.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Photocrosslinked Biobased Polyester Membrane","authors":"F. H. Jamaludin, K. Rangasamy, T. Wong, T. Li, S. A. Razak","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N2.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N2.148","url":null,"abstract":"A series of bio-based photocrosslinked polyester membranes, poly(1,8-octanediol-itaconate-citrate-dodecandioate), (POSCI) were synthesized through polycondensation followed by photocrosslinking under UV irradiation in the presence of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as photoinitiator (PI). Upon varied UV exposure time and DMPA content, the corresponding changes in chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the polymer were studied. The transmission peak of FTIR spectrum centred at 1725 cm-1 indicates the formation of ester structure. Contact angle results suggested all of the synthesized POSCI membranes had hydrophilic properties as their contact angle is less than 90 °. Sol-gel analysis shows that the swelling ratio of POSCI decreases while the gel fraction increases with increasing in photocrosslinking time. The tensile strength of POSCI, thus, increased correspondingly with longer UV exposure. Excess DMPA, however, proved otherwise.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131083111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Chiam, M. Nurashiqin, K. Zykamilia, N. M. Ismail, K. Duduku, S. Rosalam
This work reports the effect of the membrane pore size distribution on the oil droplets size distribution in permeate using the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The sponge-like structures of the PVDF membranes were fabricated via the phase inversion technique using 30% v/v ethanol aqueous solution as coagulation medium. Water and polyethylene glycol (PEG1000) were used as the pore forming additives in the dope solutions. Microfiltration was employed to coalesce the oil droplets at the transmembrane pressure of 2.5 bar. Simulated alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) produced water was tested as the feed solution. Results revealed that the PVDF membranes with sponge-like structure were formed. The additives in the dope solutions have induced the membranes to become thicker due to more porous, spongy and resilient structure. The membrane pore sizes increased with the presence of the additives in the dope solutions especially when larger molecular weight of the additive, i.e., PEG1000 was used. The mode of the oil droplets radius increased from 61.2 nm in the feed solution to 95.1, 356.2 and 1335 nm in the permeates by the corresponding membranes without additive, with water and PEG1000 as the additives. The membranes with larger pore sizes as well as more open structure were able to trap and coalesce more oil droplets which produced larger size of the oil droplets in the permeates.
{"title":"Coalescence of Oil Droplets using Sponge-like Structure of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes","authors":"C. Chiam, M. Nurashiqin, K. Zykamilia, N. M. Ismail, K. Duduku, S. Rosalam","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.140","url":null,"abstract":"This work reports the effect of the membrane pore size distribution on the oil droplets size distribution in permeate using the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The sponge-like structures of the PVDF membranes were fabricated via the phase inversion technique using 30% v/v ethanol aqueous solution as coagulation medium. Water and polyethylene glycol (PEG1000) were used as the pore forming additives in the dope solutions. Microfiltration was employed to coalesce the oil droplets at the transmembrane pressure of 2.5 bar. Simulated alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) produced water was tested as the feed solution. Results revealed that the PVDF membranes with sponge-like structure were formed. The additives in the dope solutions have induced the membranes to become thicker due to more porous, spongy and resilient structure. The membrane pore sizes increased with the presence of the additives in the dope solutions especially when larger molecular weight of the additive, i.e., PEG1000 was used. The mode of the oil droplets radius increased from 61.2 nm in the feed solution to 95.1, 356.2 and 1335 nm in the permeates by the corresponding membranes without additive, with water and PEG1000 as the additives. The membranes with larger pore sizes as well as more open structure were able to trap and coalesce more oil droplets which produced larger size of the oil droplets in the permeates.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"9 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132388687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell as a sustainable green technology has been developed throughout the years as it provides several benefits compared to Nafion-based fuel cells (e.g., CO tolerance, improved kinetic and enhance water management). Polybenzimidazole which one of the best membrane candidates was extensively studied due to excellent properties to be used in high-temperature application. Impregnating polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid are most commonly practised as an electrolyte membrane in the PEMFC. In this paper, recent advancement of the existing literature regarding work revolving polybenzimidazole to improve the performance of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell are reviewed. Notable works such as using aluminium containing silicate (Al-Si), silicon carbide whisker (mSiC) and sulfonated graphene oxide in the composite PBI derivatives were observed. Proton conductivity are recorded at 0.371, 0.271 and 0.280 S/cm, respectively.
{"title":"Advancement in Phosphoric Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole Membrane for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells: A Review","authors":"A. A. Tahrim, I. N. H. M. Amin","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.136","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell as a sustainable green technology has been developed throughout the years as it provides several benefits compared to Nafion-based fuel cells (e.g., CO tolerance, improved kinetic and enhance water management). Polybenzimidazole which one of the best membrane candidates was extensively studied due to excellent properties to be used in high-temperature application. Impregnating polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid are most commonly practised as an electrolyte membrane in the PEMFC. In this paper, recent advancement of the existing literature regarding work revolving polybenzimidazole to improve the performance of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell are reviewed. Notable works such as using aluminium containing silicate (Al-Si), silicon carbide whisker (mSiC) and sulfonated graphene oxide in the composite PBI derivatives were observed. Proton conductivity are recorded at 0.371, 0.271 and 0.280 S/cm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130975257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study mainly investigated the potential use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the chemical cleaning agent to restore the permeate flux of organically fouled polyethersulfone (PES) nanofiltration (NF) membranes under varying applied pressures. The cleaning efficiency was quantified based on flux recovery rate. The results showed that the optimum EDTA concentration is 1.0 wt%, within the range investigated, which proved that higher concentration does not necessary enhance the cleaning efficiency. The results also demonstrated that the highest flux recovery was achieved at the applied pressure of 14 bar regardless of EDTA concentration. Overall, the maximum flux recovery that could be achieved is only 35.03%, implying EDTA is not very effective in removing foulants from the PES NF membranes.
{"title":"Chemical Cleaning of Fouled Polyethersulphone Nanofiltration Membranes with Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid","authors":"V. Y. Chong, C. Koo, H. S. Thiam, S. Lai","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.146","url":null,"abstract":"This study mainly investigated the potential use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the chemical cleaning agent to restore the permeate flux of organically fouled polyethersulfone (PES) nanofiltration (NF) membranes under varying applied pressures. The cleaning efficiency was quantified based on flux recovery rate. The results showed that the optimum EDTA concentration is 1.0 wt%, within the range investigated, which proved that higher concentration does not necessary enhance the cleaning efficiency. The results also demonstrated that the highest flux recovery was achieved at the applied pressure of 14 bar regardless of EDTA concentration. Overall, the maximum flux recovery that could be achieved is only 35.03%, implying EDTA is not very effective in removing foulants from the PES NF membranes.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128542840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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