N. Sazali, W. Salleh, N. Arsat, Z. Harun, K. Kadirgama
In this study, the effect of carbonization temperature on the performance of carbon membrane was being investigated. P84 co-polyimide-based tubular carbon membrane were fabricated through the dip-coating technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by using the thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. CO2, N2, and CH4 pure gas were utilized in determination of the carbon membrane’s permeation attributes. In order to enhance the membrane’s performance, carbonization process was performed in Ar environment; with the flow rate of 200 ml/min. The carbonization process was done at various temperature, namely 600 oC, 700 oC, 800 oC and 900 oC in a constant heating rate of 3 oC/min. The increased in the temperature of carbonization leads to the production of small pores size carbon membrane. Carbon membrane prepared at 800 oC showed the highest CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivity of 63.2±5.2 and 61.3±1.7, respectively.
{"title":"P84 Co-Polyimide-based Tubular Carbon Membrane: Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature","authors":"N. Sazali, W. Salleh, N. Arsat, Z. Harun, K. Kadirgama","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.121","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of carbonization temperature on the performance of carbon membrane was being investigated. P84 co-polyimide-based tubular carbon membrane were fabricated through the dip-coating technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by using the thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. CO2, N2, and CH4 pure gas were utilized in determination of the carbon membrane’s permeation attributes. In order to enhance the membrane’s performance, carbonization process was performed in Ar environment; with the flow rate of 200 ml/min. The carbonization process was done at various temperature, namely 600 oC, 700 oC, 800 oC and 900 oC in a constant heating rate of 3 oC/min. The increased in the temperature of carbonization leads to the production of small pores size carbon membrane. Carbon membrane prepared at 800 oC showed the highest CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivity of 63.2±5.2 and 61.3±1.7, respectively.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129274457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrophilic membranes exhibit good flux and low fouling tendency, which are the crucial criteria for a good membrane. Attempts have been done by researchers over the past decades to enhance the hydrophilicity of membrane by using nanoparticles and grafting. However, these processes are tedious and costly. This study improves the hydrophilicity of cellulose acetate (CA) membranes by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via simple blending method. Recent study showed that fouled membrane which was cleaned by EDTA exhibited high water flux performance. However, the use of EDTA in formulating a membrane has not been disclosed elsewhere. Thus, the objective of this study is to conduct a series of experiments to find out the role of EDTA in improving the hydrophilicity of CA membranes. Membranes with varying EDTA concentration were prepared via dry-wet phase inversion technique. Contact angle, porosity and water flux of the resultant membranes were determined. Additionally, the morphologies of the membranes were imaged using FESEM. Results showed that EDTA was a good pore former, which can be seen clearly from FESEM images. This explains for the high porosity properties in CA-EDTA membranes. Membrane with 1 wt% of EDTA showed the highest water flux, which was ~15 L/(h.m2). Meanwhile, no water flux was observed after three hours when pure CA membrane was used in a dead-end filtration cell. In conclusion, EDTA is a promising additive in improving the hydrophilicity of membranes.
{"title":"Improved Hydrophilicity of Membrane by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Modification","authors":"M. Chan, M. Letchumanan","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.135","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrophilic membranes exhibit good flux and low fouling tendency, which are the crucial criteria for a good membrane. Attempts have been done by researchers over the past decades to enhance the hydrophilicity of membrane by using nanoparticles and grafting. However, these processes are tedious and costly. This study improves the hydrophilicity of cellulose acetate (CA) membranes by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via simple blending method. Recent study showed that fouled membrane which was cleaned by EDTA exhibited high water flux performance. However, the use of EDTA in formulating a membrane has not been disclosed elsewhere. Thus, the objective of this study is to conduct a series of experiments to find out the role of EDTA in improving the hydrophilicity of CA membranes. Membranes with varying EDTA concentration were prepared via dry-wet phase inversion technique. Contact angle, porosity and water flux of the resultant membranes were determined. Additionally, the morphologies of the membranes were imaged using FESEM. Results showed that EDTA was a good pore former, which can be seen clearly from FESEM images. This explains for the high porosity properties in CA-EDTA membranes. Membrane with 1 wt% of EDTA showed the highest water flux, which was ~15 L/(h.m2). Meanwhile, no water flux was observed after three hours when pure CA membrane was used in a dead-end filtration cell. In conclusion, EDTA is a promising additive in improving the hydrophilicity of membranes.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114986996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Rosdi, M. Sokri, N. M. Rashid, M. S. C. Chik, M. S. Musa
Chitosan membrane has the potential to separate lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. However, the kind of membrane has a drawback due to the low structural properties. Thus, this study investigates the role of silica in improving chitosan-based flat sheet membrane for removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. The functional groups and structural morphologies were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectrometer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. The membrane performance in terms of adsorption study was conducted at different pHs and initial concentration of lead(II) solution. The FTIR-ATR spectrum showed the existence of new absorption peak of chitosan/silica membrane. SEM images revealted the presence of microvoids on the cross-section of the chitosan/silica membrane whereas pure chitosan membrane possessed dense structure. The adsorption study showed that the composite membrane exhibited higher efficiency of lead(II) removal at optimum pH of 7.0 which was 89.27% as compared to 11.50% of pure chitosan membrane. The amount of lead(II) adsorbed onto the membrane was 57.60 mg/g. Therefore, it indicates the potential use of silica to improve the properties of chitosan membrane for removal of heavy metal from water solution.
{"title":"Chitosan/Silica Composite Membrane: Adsorption of Lead(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution","authors":"N. Rosdi, M. Sokri, N. M. Rashid, M. S. C. Chik, M. S. Musa","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.141","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan membrane has the potential to separate lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. However, the kind of membrane has a drawback due to the low structural properties. Thus, this study investigates the role of silica in improving chitosan-based flat sheet membrane for removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. The functional groups and structural morphologies were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectrometer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. The membrane performance in terms of adsorption study was conducted at different pHs and initial concentration of lead(II) solution. The FTIR-ATR spectrum showed the existence of new absorption peak of chitosan/silica membrane. SEM images revealted the presence of microvoids on the cross-section of the chitosan/silica membrane whereas pure chitosan membrane possessed dense structure. The adsorption study showed that the composite membrane exhibited higher efficiency of lead(II) removal at optimum pH of 7.0 which was 89.27% as compared to 11.50% of pure chitosan membrane. The amount of lead(II) adsorbed onto the membrane was 57.60 mg/g. Therefore, it indicates the potential use of silica to improve the properties of chitosan membrane for removal of heavy metal from water solution.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131422582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Q. Ng, S. Lai, K. C. Chong, S. S. Lee, C. Koo, W. Chong
High consumption and production of palm oil have led to the massive generation of palm oil mill effluent (POME). This study was intended to reduce the total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and colour using hybrid coagulation-ultrafiltration process. POME was pre-treated with coagulation process using polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and optimization of operating condition for coagulation process was performed. The coagulation results revealed that optimum pH, dosage of coagulant and rapid mixing speed were pH 4, 600 mg/L and 200 rpm, respectively. It achieved the highest percent reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour with 99.74%, 94.44% and 94.60%, respectively. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was fabricated using polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle. Different concentrations ranging from zero and 1.0 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles were added into the dope solution. The characterization studies of UF membranes confirmed that higher concentration of TiO2 provided higher pure water permeability and more porous structure in the UF membranes. The amount of TiO2 in membrane only affected the permeate flux but had no obvious effects on the reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour. The optimum transmembrane pressure was found to be 3 bar, resulting in the greatest reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour.
{"title":"Reduction of Total Suspended Solids, Turbidity and Colour of Palm Oil Mill Effluent using Hybrid Coagulation-Fltrafiltration Process","authors":"W. Q. Ng, S. Lai, K. C. Chong, S. S. Lee, C. Koo, W. Chong","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V23N1.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V23N1.144","url":null,"abstract":"High consumption and production of palm oil have led to the massive generation of palm oil mill effluent (POME). This study was intended to reduce the total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and colour using hybrid coagulation-ultrafiltration process. POME was pre-treated with coagulation process using polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and optimization of operating condition for coagulation process was performed. The coagulation results revealed that optimum pH, dosage of coagulant and rapid mixing speed were pH 4, 600 mg/L and 200 rpm, respectively. It achieved the highest percent reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour with 99.74%, 94.44% and 94.60%, respectively. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was fabricated using polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle. Different concentrations ranging from zero and 1.0 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles were added into the dope solution. The characterization studies of UF membranes confirmed that higher concentration of TiO2 provided higher pure water permeability and more porous structure in the UF membranes. The amount of TiO2 in membrane only affected the permeate flux but had no obvious effects on the reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour. The optimum transmembrane pressure was found to be 3 bar, resulting in the greatest reduction of TSS, turbidity and colour.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130686158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies were conducted to investigate the blocking mechanism and flux decline behavior while treating organic solutes contained in glycerin-water solutions (triglycerides, TG and fatty acid, FA). Two ultrafiltration membranes were tested, polyethersulphone (PES 25 kDa) and polyvinylidenfluoride (PVDF 30 kDa) membranes. Influence of TG and its combination (TG-FA mixtures) as foulant models, pH of feed solutions (3–10) and membrane surface chemistry were investigated. Combined blocking model was applied and the fitting were discriminate that the flux decline of PES membrane was dominated by pore blockage at the early stage and later by cake resistance during the entire filtration time. However, for PVDF membrane, cake formation mechanism was acknowledged as the major contributor to the fouling mechanism for all the parameters tested. On the other hand, the model predicts there are two stages of filtration appeared to occur, involving pore blockage at the early stage followed by cake formation.
{"title":"Verification of a Combined Fouling Model to Predict Flux Decline during Ultrafiltration of Organic Solutes","authors":"I. N. H. M. Amin, A. Mohammad","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.138","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted to investigate the blocking mechanism and flux decline behavior while treating organic solutes contained in glycerin-water solutions (triglycerides, TG and fatty acid, FA). Two ultrafiltration membranes were tested, polyethersulphone (PES 25 kDa) and polyvinylidenfluoride (PVDF 30 kDa) membranes. Influence of TG and its combination (TG-FA mixtures) as foulant models, pH of feed solutions (3–10) and membrane surface chemistry were investigated. Combined blocking model was applied and the fitting were discriminate that the flux decline of PES membrane was dominated by pore blockage at the early stage and later by cake resistance during the entire filtration time. However, for PVDF membrane, cake formation mechanism was acknowledged as the major contributor to the fouling mechanism for all the parameters tested. On the other hand, the model predicts there are two stages of filtration appeared to occur, involving pore blockage at the early stage followed by cake formation.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126657043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. Ilham, N. Khoiroh, S. Jovita, R. M. Iqbal, L. Harmelia, S. D. Nurherdiana, W. P. Utomo, H. Fansuri
The aim of this work is to study the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the modification of microstructure formation correlated with the mechanical strength properties of perovskite-based membrane in form of a flat sheet. LSCF 7328 flat membrane was potentially promoted as an oxygen separator and catalyst for partial oxidation of methane reaction at high temperature. In this study, the phase-inversion followed by sintering process was used as the membrane fabrication method using varied PEG concentration of 0.55, 1.00, and 3.00 wt% with different molecular weight, i.e., PEG 300, 600, 1500, and 4000 Da for each PEG concentration. The result of morphology observation shows that almost every membrane hasthe asymmetric structure with finger-like pores and thin dense layer. Increasing PEG concentration as well as molecular weight increases pore size and affects on porosity, pore's volume, and physical properties of membrane. The largest pore size, pore volume and porosity of the membrane after sintering were found in the addition of 3.00% PEG 4000 (Da) additive with the value of 110.45 μm, 81.34 ml.g-1 and 120.6%, respectively. In addition, the mechanical properties of membrane were tested using the Vickers micro hardness method with the greatest value found in the addition of 3.00% PEG 1500 (Da) additive with the value of 13.58 Hv and the lowest is 3.00% PEG 4000 (Da) with the value of 1.2 Hv.
{"title":"Morphological and Physical Study of La0.7Sr0.3Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF 7328) Flat Membranes Modified by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)","authors":"A. M. Ilham, N. Khoiroh, S. Jovita, R. M. Iqbal, L. Harmelia, S. D. Nurherdiana, W. P. Utomo, H. Fansuri","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.131","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to study the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the modification of microstructure formation correlated with the mechanical strength properties of perovskite-based membrane in form of a flat sheet. LSCF 7328 flat membrane was potentially promoted as an oxygen separator and catalyst for partial oxidation of methane reaction at high temperature. In this study, the phase-inversion followed by sintering process was used as the membrane fabrication method using varied PEG concentration of 0.55, 1.00, and 3.00 wt% with different molecular weight, i.e., PEG 300, 600, 1500, and 4000 Da for each PEG concentration. The result of morphology observation shows that almost every membrane hasthe asymmetric structure with finger-like pores and thin dense layer. Increasing PEG concentration as well as molecular weight increases pore size and affects on porosity, pore's volume, and physical properties of membrane. The largest pore size, pore volume and porosity of the membrane after sintering were found in the addition of 3.00% PEG 4000 (Da) additive with the value of 110.45 μm, 81.34 ml.g-1 and 120.6%, respectively. In addition, the mechanical properties of membrane were tested using the Vickers micro hardness method with the greatest value found in the addition of 3.00% PEG 1500 (Da) additive with the value of 13.58 Hv and the lowest is 3.00% PEG 4000 (Da) with the value of 1.2 Hv.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127869242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Chin, S. Lai, K. C. Chong, S. S. Lee, C. Koo, H. S. Thiam
The study was concerned with the treatment of tank dewatering produced water using hybrid microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) processes. The pre-treatment MF membrane was fabricated with polyethersulfone (PES), n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The UF membranes meanwhile contained additional component, i.e., titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in the range of zero to 1.0 wt.%. The membrane performances were analysed with respect to permeate flux, oil removal and flux recovery ratio. An increase in TiO2 nanoparticles enhanced the pore formation, porosity and pure water permeability due to improved hydrophilicity. The permeate flux of UF membranes increased with the increase of TiO2 nanoparticles and pressure. The oil removal rate by MF process was only 52.35%, whereas the oil rejection efficiency was between 82.34% and 95.71% for UF process. It should be highlighted that the overall oil removal rate could achieve as high as 97.96%. Based on the results, the PES membrane incorporated with 1.0 wt.% TiO2 was proved to be the most promising membrane at a transmembrane pressure of 3 bar. Although 1.0 M NaOH solution could be used as cleaning agent to recover membrane water flux, it is not capable of achieving good results as only 52.18% recovery rate was obtained.
{"title":"Treatment of Synthetic Produced Water using Hybrid Membrane Processes","authors":"N. Chin, S. Lai, K. C. Chong, S. S. Lee, C. Koo, H. S. Thiam","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.145","url":null,"abstract":"The study was concerned with the treatment of tank dewatering produced water using hybrid microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) processes. The pre-treatment MF membrane was fabricated with polyethersulfone (PES), n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The UF membranes meanwhile contained additional component, i.e., titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in the range of zero to 1.0 wt.%. The membrane performances were analysed with respect to permeate flux, oil removal and flux recovery ratio. An increase in TiO2 nanoparticles enhanced the pore formation, porosity and pure water permeability due to improved hydrophilicity. The permeate flux of UF membranes increased with the increase of TiO2 nanoparticles and pressure. The oil removal rate by MF process was only 52.35%, whereas the oil rejection efficiency was between 82.34% and 95.71% for UF process. It should be highlighted that the overall oil removal rate could achieve as high as 97.96%. Based on the results, the PES membrane incorporated with 1.0 wt.% TiO2 was proved to be the most promising membrane at a transmembrane pressure of 3 bar. Although 1.0 M NaOH solution could be used as cleaning agent to recover membrane water flux, it is not capable of achieving good results as only 52.18% recovery rate was obtained.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132382938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the sorption amount of alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol) vapors on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membrane was measured resulting in high increase in sorption. Sorption amount increases as the molecular volume of vapor decreases in the low-pressure region. The sorption amount of branched 2-propanol is lower than that of linear 1-propanol. In the high-pressure region, the PLA film tends to swell or plasticize as the cluster size increases, thereby increasing sorption. In addition, the alcohol vapor sorbed in the PLA film causes vapor-induced crystallization, which is in contrast to solvent- and thermally-induced crystallization, and forms an unknown crystal structure.
{"title":"Vapor-induced Crystallization in Alcoholic Sorption using Poly(lactic acid) Films","authors":"Y. Moriizumi, K. Nagai","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.125","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the sorption amount of alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol) vapors on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membrane was measured resulting in high increase in sorption. Sorption amount increases as the molecular volume of vapor decreases in the low-pressure region. The sorption amount of branched 2-propanol is lower than that of linear 1-propanol. In the high-pressure region, the PLA film tends to swell or plasticize as the cluster size increases, thereby increasing sorption. In addition, the alcohol vapor sorbed in the PLA film causes vapor-induced crystallization, which is in contrast to solvent- and thermally-induced crystallization, and forms an unknown crystal structure.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129759861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decades, hollow fibre membranes (HFMs) have attracted much interest of the researchers due to their extensive industrial usage in CO2 separation processes. In the current study, we have reported the effect of take-up speed on the fabrication of cellulose acetate (CA) HFMs in gas separation. The morphology of the resultant HFMs was examined by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The gas permeation results obtained in this work revealed that, when take-up speed increased from free fall to 12.2 m/min, CO2, N2 and CH4 permeances of the resultant CA HFM were reduced 55.68%, 87.25% and 82.00%, respectively. Meanwhile, gas pair selectivities were increased 146.18% and 247.76% respectively. These results were mainly due to the increment of polymer orientation and chain packing which suppressed the macro-voids in the HFMs and thus, the gas pair selectivities were improved. Furthermore, it was found that CA HFM spun at take-up speed of 12.2 m/min showed highest CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 ideal selectivities of 3.9 and 3.6, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of Take-up Speed on the Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fibre Membrane in CO2 Separation from N2 and CH4","authors":"M. Mubashir, Y. Yeong, T. Chew, K. K. Lau","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.129","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, hollow fibre membranes (HFMs) have attracted much interest of the researchers due to their extensive industrial usage in CO2 separation processes. In the current study, we have reported the effect of take-up speed on the fabrication of cellulose acetate (CA) HFMs in gas separation. The morphology of the resultant HFMs was examined by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The gas permeation results obtained in this work revealed that, when take-up speed increased from free fall to 12.2 m/min, CO2, N2 and CH4 permeances of the resultant CA HFM were reduced 55.68%, 87.25% and 82.00%, respectively. Meanwhile, gas pair selectivities were increased 146.18% and 247.76% respectively. These results were mainly due to the increment of polymer orientation and chain packing which suppressed the macro-voids in the HFMs and thus, the gas pair selectivities were improved. Furthermore, it was found that CA HFM spun at take-up speed of 12.2 m/min showed highest CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 ideal selectivities of 3.9 and 3.6, respectively.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129743125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sazali, W. Salleh, M. N. Izwanne, Z. Harun, K. Kadirgama
The rapid expansion of gas separation technology since it was first introduced is promoted by the beneficial selective permeability capability of the polymeric membranes. Up to the currently available information, a large number of studies have reported polymeric membranes permeability and selectivity performances for a different type of gasses. However, trends showed that separation of gases using as per in synthesized polymers had reached a bottlenecks performance limits. Due to this reason, membranes in the form of asymmetric and composite structures is seen as an interesting option of membrane modification to improve the performance and economic value of the membranes alongside with an introduction of new processes to the field. An introduction of new polymers during membrane fabrication leads to a formation of its unique structure depending on the polymers. Thus, structured studies are needed to determine the kinetic behavior of the new addition to membrane structures. This review examines the ongoing progress made in understanding the effects of the different polymers additives to the structural modification and the gas separation performances of the carbon membranes. A reduction of defects consisted of pore holes, and cracks on carbon membranes could be minimized with the right selection of polymer precursor.
{"title":"Precursor Selection for Carbon Membrane Fabrication: A Review","authors":"N. Sazali, W. Salleh, M. N. Izwanne, Z. Harun, K. Kadirgama","doi":"10.11113/AMST.V22N2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/AMST.V22N2.122","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of gas separation technology since it was first introduced is promoted by the beneficial selective permeability capability of the polymeric membranes. Up to the currently available information, a large number of studies have reported polymeric membranes permeability and selectivity performances for a different type of gasses. However, trends showed that separation of gases using as per in synthesized polymers had reached a bottlenecks performance limits. Due to this reason, membranes in the form of asymmetric and composite structures is seen as an interesting option of membrane modification to improve the performance and economic value of the membranes alongside with an introduction of new processes to the field. An introduction of new polymers during membrane fabrication leads to a formation of its unique structure depending on the polymers. Thus, structured studies are needed to determine the kinetic behavior of the new addition to membrane structures. This review examines the ongoing progress made in understanding the effects of the different polymers additives to the structural modification and the gas separation performances of the carbon membranes. A reduction of defects consisted of pore holes, and cracks on carbon membranes could be minimized with the right selection of polymer precursor.","PeriodicalId":326334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","volume":"307 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116334173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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