Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_96_23
Gowri Subbiah, Anushiya Periyannan, P. Santhanakumarasamy, Surendar Subramanian, Sumathi Ramalingam
Chronic persistent inflammation associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection accelerates vascular complications which are prone to cause atherogenesis and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was undertaken to assess the significance of the association between H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) serostatus and the occurrence of CAD among hypertensives. A total of 90 hypertensive subjects without stroke and CAD symptoms were tested for serum H. pylori IgG. Their electrocardiogram and echocardiogram (ECHO) outcomes were analyzed after 3 months. Among the 90 subjects, 52 (57.8%) were H. pylori IgG positive. The adjusted odds ratio for abnormal ECHO outcome and H. pylori IgG positivity was 2.494. There was a positive correlation between H. pylori IgG positivity, sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, and elevated serum C-reactive protein and abnormal ECHO findings suggestive of CAD. This study found a positive correlation between H. pylori IgG seropositivity and abnormal ECHO outcomes. The prevention of CAD with antimicrobial therapy for H. pylori is simple and innovative. Lifestyle modification and hand hygiene can obviate the adverse circumstances of CAD to some extent.
{"title":"Association between anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G status and coronary artery disease among hypertensives: Myth or fact?","authors":"Gowri Subbiah, Anushiya Periyannan, P. Santhanakumarasamy, Surendar Subramanian, Sumathi Ramalingam","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_96_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_96_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Chronic persistent inflammation associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection accelerates vascular complications which are prone to cause atherogenesis and coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was undertaken to assess the significance of the association between H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) serostatus and the occurrence of CAD among hypertensives.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 90 hypertensive subjects without stroke and CAD symptoms were tested for serum H. pylori IgG. Their electrocardiogram and echocardiogram (ECHO) outcomes were analyzed after 3 months.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Among the 90 subjects, 52 (57.8%) were H. pylori IgG positive. The adjusted odds ratio for abnormal ECHO outcome and H. pylori IgG positivity was 2.494. There was a positive correlation between H. pylori IgG positivity, sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, and elevated serum C-reactive protein and abnormal ECHO findings suggestive of CAD.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study found a positive correlation between H. pylori IgG seropositivity and abnormal ECHO outcomes. The prevention of CAD with antimicrobial therapy for H. pylori is simple and innovative. Lifestyle modification and hand hygiene can obviate the adverse circumstances of CAD to some extent.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_85_23
P. Mohan, S. Dineshkumar, D. Mohapatra, P. Penumadu, M. Friji, R. Chittoria
Flap monitoring plays an important role in avoiding morbidity in free flap. Clinical monitoring is considered the gold standard, but it is subjective. Digital thermal imaging captures and displays the infrared radiation emitted from an object. This is useful in assessing temperature difference between two surfaces, as well as variation of temperature. Smartphone thermal imaging can be used to assess the tissue perfusion, which requires little training. The aim was to assess the validity of Digital Thermal Imaging in early diagnosis of flap failure, compared to conventional clinical methods. Eleven patients of microvascular-free flap reconstruction for defects following malignancy and trauma were included in the study for January 25, 2019–March 25, 2021. Flaps were monitored using three different methods – clinical monitoring, biochemical monitoring, and digital thermal imaging done at the following interval: (1) intraoperative (end of surgery), (2) hourly – for the first 48 h, (3) every 4th hourly on postoperative days 3–5, and (4) every 6th hourly on postoperative days 5–10, and the results were tabulated. Flap temperature was observed to be higher compared to the surrounding skin when there was an event of venous thrombosis. The surrounding skin temperature was to be measured on the side opposite to the side where the flap was raised to do vascular anastomosis. The increase in the temperature difference almost coincided with the clinical and biochemical indicator of failing flaps. Monitoring of the flap temperature and comparing it with the surrounding skin temperature can be incorporated along with the gold standard. It is a simple, objective, and noncontact method compared to clinical monitoring and biochemical methods. A large sample size, multicentric, randomized controlled study is required to validate the same.
{"title":"Clinical utility of smartphone-based digital infrared thermal imaging in predicting vascular compromise in free flaps","authors":"P. Mohan, S. Dineshkumar, D. Mohapatra, P. Penumadu, M. Friji, R. Chittoria","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_85_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_85_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Flap monitoring plays an important role in avoiding morbidity in free flap. Clinical monitoring is considered the gold standard, but it is subjective. Digital thermal imaging captures and displays the infrared radiation emitted from an object. This is useful in assessing temperature difference between two surfaces, as well as variation of temperature. Smartphone thermal imaging can be used to assess the tissue perfusion, which requires little training.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim was to assess the validity of Digital Thermal Imaging in early diagnosis of flap failure, compared to conventional clinical methods. Eleven patients of microvascular-free flap reconstruction for defects following malignancy and trauma were included in the study for January 25, 2019–March 25, 2021. Flaps were monitored using three different methods – clinical monitoring, biochemical monitoring, and digital thermal imaging done at the following interval: (1) intraoperative (end of surgery), (2) hourly – for the first 48 h, (3) every 4th hourly on postoperative days 3–5, and (4) every 6th hourly on postoperative days 5–10, and the results were tabulated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Flap temperature was observed to be higher compared to the surrounding skin when there was an event of venous thrombosis. The surrounding skin temperature was to be measured on the side opposite to the side where the flap was raised to do vascular anastomosis. The increase in the temperature difference almost coincided with the clinical and biochemical indicator of failing flaps.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Monitoring of the flap temperature and comparing it with the surrounding skin temperature can be incorporated along with the gold standard. It is a simple, objective, and noncontact method compared to clinical monitoring and biochemical methods. A large sample size, multicentric, randomized controlled study is required to validate the same.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_107_23
S. R. Kannan, R. Rajalakshmi, Varun Babu, Kandasamy Ravichandran
Epilepsy is a recurrent and common neurological disorder with less awareness about epilepsy among the public. Sociocultural attitudes have a role to play in epilepsy management. This could be due to misconceptions of the public on witnessing an epileptic seizure. Hence, the current study evaluated knowledge, attitude, and perception of neurology outpatient department and inpatients and their caregivers, at the tertiary care hospital in South India. A mixed methods research with a single hospital-based, cross-sectional, quantitative study and the phenomenological type of qualitative study with focused group discussion were performed. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a total of 140 participants for the quantitative study using the Public Attitudes toward Epilepsy questionnaire. Among 140 participants, although 80% have heard of epilepsy through witnessing the episode or mass media, 42% were unaware of it. Seventy percent do not know about triggering factors, or measures to prevent injury during epilepsy and 55% do not know the first aid measures. Forty-nine percent had an unfavorable attitude about epilepsy. Thirty-eight percent of the participants still believe that epilepsy is a kind of insanity. Only 48% believe that person with epilepsy can have a normal life like others. Knowledge and attitude toward epilepsy have improved, however, it is found to be low despite increased literacy rate and access to technology. Community-based health educational campaigns by medical fraternities will be beneficial to alleviate negative attitudes and improve knowledge about epilepsy among the public.
{"title":"Knowledge and attitude on epilepsy among neurology patients and their attendants: Mixed methods research at a tertiary hospital","authors":"S. R. Kannan, R. Rajalakshmi, Varun Babu, Kandasamy Ravichandran","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_107_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_107_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Epilepsy is a recurrent and common neurological disorder with less awareness about epilepsy among the public. Sociocultural attitudes have a role to play in epilepsy management. This could be due to misconceptions of the public on witnessing an epileptic seizure. Hence, the current study evaluated knowledge, attitude, and perception of neurology outpatient department and inpatients and their caregivers, at the tertiary care hospital in South India.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A mixed methods research with a single hospital-based, cross-sectional, quantitative study and the phenomenological type of qualitative study with focused group discussion were performed. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a total of 140 participants for the quantitative study using the Public Attitudes toward Epilepsy questionnaire.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Among 140 participants, although 80% have heard of epilepsy through witnessing the episode or mass media, 42% were unaware of it. Seventy percent do not know about triggering factors, or measures to prevent injury during epilepsy and 55% do not know the first aid measures. Forty-nine percent had an unfavorable attitude about epilepsy. Thirty-eight percent of the participants still believe that epilepsy is a kind of insanity. Only 48% believe that person with epilepsy can have a normal life like others.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Knowledge and attitude toward epilepsy have improved, however, it is found to be low despite increased literacy rate and access to technology. Community-based health educational campaigns by medical fraternities will be beneficial to alleviate negative attitudes and improve knowledge about epilepsy among the public.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"119 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_83_23
Gargi Pushpalal, S. Balasundaram, Karthick Subramanian, Mohamed Hanifah
Comorbid physical illnesses worsen the morbidity and mortality in patients with mental illness. There is inadequate consensus regarding the optimal level of laboratory investigations and there is a need to know regarding the assessment of physical morbidity. Our study was conducted to study the frequency of prescription of laboratory investigation in evaluating psychiatric inpatients in a tertiary care center. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the inpatient psychiatry unit of a tertiary care hospital for one and a half years. Patients diagnosed with any mental illness and required hospitalization were included in the study. Sociodemographic data, illness details, and data regarding frequency and indications of laboratory investigations were recorded using a semistructured pro forma. For inferential analysis, P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. One hundred and sixty-two participants were included in the study. “Endocrine, nutritional, or metabolic diseases” were the most common preexisting and newly diagnosed group of physical illness. A total of 705 additional tests were ordered for the study sample. Blood biochemistry was the most frequently ordered investigation. The most frequent blood biochemistry test, hematological test, and imaging were the estimation of glycemic indices, complete blood count, and ultrasound abdomen, respectively. One in two additional laboratory tests had abnormal or out-of-reference range (ORR) values in the results. Hematological tests were the most common, with abnormal or ORR values, followed by imaging and blood biochemistry. Clinician judgment was the most frequent reason for ordering an additional investigation. The study revealed that age, gender, the type of psychiatric illness, and the illness course-related characteristics significantly influenced the prescribing frequency of additional investigations and the proportion of abnormal/outside reference range results.
{"title":"Frequency and prescription patterns of laboratory investigations in evaluating physical morbidity among psychiatric inpatients – A cross-sectional study","authors":"Gargi Pushpalal, S. Balasundaram, Karthick Subramanian, Mohamed Hanifah","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_83_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_83_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Comorbid physical illnesses worsen the morbidity and mortality in patients with mental illness. There is inadequate consensus regarding the optimal level of laboratory investigations and there is a need to know regarding the assessment of physical morbidity. Our study was conducted to study the frequency of prescription of laboratory investigation in evaluating psychiatric inpatients in a tertiary care center.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the inpatient psychiatry unit of a tertiary care hospital for one and a half years. Patients diagnosed with any mental illness and required hospitalization were included in the study. Sociodemographic data, illness details, and data regarding frequency and indications of laboratory investigations were recorded using a semistructured pro forma. For inferential analysis, P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 One hundred and sixty-two participants were included in the study. “Endocrine, nutritional, or metabolic diseases” were the most common preexisting and newly diagnosed group of physical illness. A total of 705 additional tests were ordered for the study sample. Blood biochemistry was the most frequently ordered investigation. The most frequent blood biochemistry test, hematological test, and imaging were the estimation of glycemic indices, complete blood count, and ultrasound abdomen, respectively. One in two additional laboratory tests had abnormal or out-of-reference range (ORR) values in the results. Hematological tests were the most common, with abnormal or ORR values, followed by imaging and blood biochemistry. Clinician judgment was the most frequent reason for ordering an additional investigation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study revealed that age, gender, the type of psychiatric illness, and the illness course-related characteristics significantly influenced the prescribing frequency of additional investigations and the proportion of abnormal/outside reference range results.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"124 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_84_23
P. Sookaromdee, V. Wiwanitkit
{"title":"War and impact on parasitic incidence disease: View from Indochina and further implication for current Ukraine war crisis","authors":"P. Sookaromdee, V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_84_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_84_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"123 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_38_22
Avanish Jha, S. Abraham, A. Mathew, Areeba Ahmad, Jeryl Jacob, Sudipti Shandilya, K. P. Prabhakar Abhilash
Background: Patients with malignancies present to the emergency department (ED) with a varied spectrum of presentations. Data on oncological emergencies are scant; hence, we aimed to determine the profile, outcome, and awareness of their treatment of patients with malignancies presenting to the ED. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the adult ED of a large tertiary care hospital in South India between February and August of 2018. A convenient sample of patients presenting to the ED with a known or newly diagnosed malignancy was included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Results: During the study, we recruited 110 patients presenting to the ED. The mean age of the patients was 48 (15.9) years. There was a female preponderance (56.4%). A quarter of the patients had malignancy of the genitourinary tract while 10% had breast carcinoma and 9% had bronchogenic carcinoma. Vomiting (44%) was the most common symptom at presentation followed by fever (39%) and abdominal pain (38%). Anemia (81%) and hyponatremia (54.5%) were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Antiemetics (61%), antibiotics (32%), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (27%) were the most commonly used medications. Chemotherapy-related complications (35.5%) and mass effects (28%) were the most common reasons for ED visits. The majority (83%) were previously diagnosed with malignancies. Most patients were aware of the duration (86%) and common side effects of chemotherapy (79%). However, most were unaware of the chemotherapy drugs' names (25%) and how to manage side effects (54%). Sixty percent required admission and three patients died during their in-hospital stay. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms and fever are the most common causes of presentation to the ED among patients with malignancies. Although most patients were aware of the duration and side effects of treatment, half of them were ignorant of the emergency first aid for side effects of the medications they were on.
{"title":"Oncological emergencies: Profile and patient awareness of treatment","authors":"Avanish Jha, S. Abraham, A. Mathew, Areeba Ahmad, Jeryl Jacob, Sudipti Shandilya, K. P. Prabhakar Abhilash","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_38_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_38_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with malignancies present to the emergency department (ED) with a varied spectrum of presentations. Data on oncological emergencies are scant; hence, we aimed to determine the profile, outcome, and awareness of their treatment of patients with malignancies presenting to the ED. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the adult ED of a large tertiary care hospital in South India between February and August of 2018. A convenient sample of patients presenting to the ED with a known or newly diagnosed malignancy was included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Results: During the study, we recruited 110 patients presenting to the ED. The mean age of the patients was 48 (15.9) years. There was a female preponderance (56.4%). A quarter of the patients had malignancy of the genitourinary tract while 10% had breast carcinoma and 9% had bronchogenic carcinoma. Vomiting (44%) was the most common symptom at presentation followed by fever (39%) and abdominal pain (38%). Anemia (81%) and hyponatremia (54.5%) were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Antiemetics (61%), antibiotics (32%), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (27%) were the most commonly used medications. Chemotherapy-related complications (35.5%) and mass effects (28%) were the most common reasons for ED visits. The majority (83%) were previously diagnosed with malignancies. Most patients were aware of the duration (86%) and common side effects of chemotherapy (79%). However, most were unaware of the chemotherapy drugs' names (25%) and how to manage side effects (54%). Sixty percent required admission and three patients died during their in-hospital stay. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms and fever are the most common causes of presentation to the ED among patients with malignancies. Although most patients were aware of the duration and side effects of treatment, half of them were ignorant of the emergency first aid for side effects of the medications they were on.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"17 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77582487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resilience is considered an important factor in managing psychological adversities during pandemics. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has proven to be a test for the population, especially health-care workers (HCWs), for their resilience in coping with the pandemic situation. Multiple factors influence resilience among people, including the HCWs who have endured the pandemic, such as stress, social support, and burnout. The review involved a search for original articles assessing resilience and the impact of COVID-19 on resilience among general population and HCWs. Among the general population, resilience mediated the severity of depression, stress, and anxiety. A greater resilience was associated with increased physical activity, perceived social support, better sleep quality, quality of life, hopeful, and prayer-related activities. Further, being male, older, without mental health issues, having subjective well-being, and high identification with all humanity were associated with higher resilience. Apart from the general factors affecting resilience, the female gender, trainee doctors, those involved in treating COVID-19, prolonged working hours, and limited access to information in management have significantly impacted the resilience among HCWs. Physicians of clinical specialties, especially emergency medicine, experienced lower resilience levels. Similar to doctors, the female gender, long working hours, lack of social support, lack of adequate training and knowledge, and those involved in managing COVID-19 patients were found to impair resilience among nurses. Deficiencies in core training of medical trainees, academic pressure, preclinical training, female gender, testing positive for COVID-19, or having a family member with COVID-19 were associated with lower resilience among medical students. Higher levels of perceived self-efficacy, self-esteem, and involvement in frontline medical services positively effect on medical students. Among the coping strategies, increased physical activity, better sleep quality, and activities promoting self-awareness were found to improve resilience. Involving a mental health professional, using mindfulness-based therapies, availability of peer consultation and support groups, and enabling independent decision making among frontline HCWs can alleviate mental distress. Effective screening strategies and interventions to build resilience are warranted, especially in HCWs.
{"title":"The effect of COVID pandemic on human resilience and recovery","authors":"Karthick Subramanian, Vigneshvar Chandrasekaran, A. Monica Jasmin, Avin Muthuramalingam, Pooja Govind","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_94_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_94_22","url":null,"abstract":"Resilience is considered an important factor in managing psychological adversities during pandemics. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has proven to be a test for the population, especially health-care workers (HCWs), for their resilience in coping with the pandemic situation. Multiple factors influence resilience among people, including the HCWs who have endured the pandemic, such as stress, social support, and burnout. The review involved a search for original articles assessing resilience and the impact of COVID-19 on resilience among general population and HCWs. Among the general population, resilience mediated the severity of depression, stress, and anxiety. A greater resilience was associated with increased physical activity, perceived social support, better sleep quality, quality of life, hopeful, and prayer-related activities. Further, being male, older, without mental health issues, having subjective well-being, and high identification with all humanity were associated with higher resilience. Apart from the general factors affecting resilience, the female gender, trainee doctors, those involved in treating COVID-19, prolonged working hours, and limited access to information in management have significantly impacted the resilience among HCWs. Physicians of clinical specialties, especially emergency medicine, experienced lower resilience levels. Similar to doctors, the female gender, long working hours, lack of social support, lack of adequate training and knowledge, and those involved in managing COVID-19 patients were found to impair resilience among nurses. Deficiencies in core training of medical trainees, academic pressure, preclinical training, female gender, testing positive for COVID-19, or having a family member with COVID-19 were associated with lower resilience among medical students. Higher levels of perceived self-efficacy, self-esteem, and involvement in frontline medical services positively effect on medical students. Among the coping strategies, increased physical activity, better sleep quality, and activities promoting self-awareness were found to improve resilience. Involving a mental health professional, using mindfulness-based therapies, availability of peer consultation and support groups, and enabling independent decision making among frontline HCWs can alleviate mental distress. Effective screening strategies and interventions to build resilience are warranted, especially in HCWs.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":"5 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78325724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_69_22
Mohammed Afzal Ali, N. Palaniappan, P. Chellappa
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders that have high morbidity. Diabetic patients are prone to developing chronic nonhealing foot ulcers, a leading cause of limb amputations. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains proteins rich in multiple growth factors (GFs) used in treating chronic diabetic foot ulcers and helps in early tissue repair and regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and enhanced efficacy of autologous PRP, in the healing rate of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Methodology: This was a randomized control open clinical study of 18-month duration involving 50 patients in each group. Patients admitted with type 2 diabetes mellitus–with hemoglobin A1c >6.5 and chronic healing long-standing ulcer of >1-month duration were included. Patients with severe anemia and cardiac illness, osteomyelitis were excluded as they are independent risk factors that affect ulcer healing. Admitted patients were randomly allocated to receive either PRP or normal saline dressings using computer-generated random numbers. Simple debridement was done to remove necrotic tissue on the day of admission before the first application of PRP or normal saline dressing. PRP was prepared after centrifugation of autologous whole blood (10 ml). In the study group, prepared and stored PRP (1–2 ml) was applied topically in drops using a syringe to cover the floor of the ulcer and covered with a sterile transparent dressing. In the control group, normal saline was soaked in the gauze and kept over the surface of the ulcer covered with a transparent dressing. The patient will receive dressings with PRP or saline according to the group they were placed in. Progress was monitored, and the dressing was changed every 3rd day for up to 21 days. The wound area measurement was done by measuring the surface area of the wound with the help of a transparent sheet and graph. A transparent sheet was placed on the ulcer, and the total area of the ulcer was marked and recorded. The marked transparent sheet was placed over a graph sheet, and the outline was plotted. The area was calculated and recorded in cm2. The growth and healing of the wound are considered when a part of the wound shows an increase in granulation and a decrease in slough. Periodic photographs were taken on day 3, day 7, day 14, and day 21 and assessed. Two groups were compared for wound size reduction and duration of healing. The collected data were entered in Excel 2010 and measured using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and in percentage for dichotomous and categorical variables. Two groups were compared using an independent t-test for continuous variables and a Chi-square test for dichotomous and categorical variables. Results: In our study on 100 patients, 50 in each group with ulcers of Wagner's Grade 1 and Grade 2, the appearance of granulation and size reduction rate is delayed with normal saline dressing (44/50 patients [88%]). In the autolog
{"title":"Effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich plasma dressing in healing chronic diabetic foot ulcers in comparison with saline dressing. A randomized control study","authors":"Mohammed Afzal Ali, N. Palaniappan, P. Chellappa","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_69_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_69_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders that have high morbidity. Diabetic patients are prone to developing chronic nonhealing foot ulcers, a leading cause of limb amputations. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains proteins rich in multiple growth factors (GFs) used in treating chronic diabetic foot ulcers and helps in early tissue repair and regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and enhanced efficacy of autologous PRP, in the healing rate of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Methodology: This was a randomized control open clinical study of 18-month duration involving 50 patients in each group. Patients admitted with type 2 diabetes mellitus–with hemoglobin A1c >6.5 and chronic healing long-standing ulcer of >1-month duration were included. Patients with severe anemia and cardiac illness, osteomyelitis were excluded as they are independent risk factors that affect ulcer healing. Admitted patients were randomly allocated to receive either PRP or normal saline dressings using computer-generated random numbers. Simple debridement was done to remove necrotic tissue on the day of admission before the first application of PRP or normal saline dressing. PRP was prepared after centrifugation of autologous whole blood (10 ml). In the study group, prepared and stored PRP (1–2 ml) was applied topically in drops using a syringe to cover the floor of the ulcer and covered with a sterile transparent dressing. In the control group, normal saline was soaked in the gauze and kept over the surface of the ulcer covered with a transparent dressing. The patient will receive dressings with PRP or saline according to the group they were placed in. Progress was monitored, and the dressing was changed every 3rd day for up to 21 days. The wound area measurement was done by measuring the surface area of the wound with the help of a transparent sheet and graph. A transparent sheet was placed on the ulcer, and the total area of the ulcer was marked and recorded. The marked transparent sheet was placed over a graph sheet, and the outline was plotted. The area was calculated and recorded in cm2. The growth and healing of the wound are considered when a part of the wound shows an increase in granulation and a decrease in slough. Periodic photographs were taken on day 3, day 7, day 14, and day 21 and assessed. Two groups were compared for wound size reduction and duration of healing. The collected data were entered in Excel 2010 and measured using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and in percentage for dichotomous and categorical variables. Two groups were compared using an independent t-test for continuous variables and a Chi-square test for dichotomous and categorical variables. Results: In our study on 100 patients, 50 in each group with ulcers of Wagner's Grade 1 and Grade 2, the appearance of granulation and size reduction rate is delayed with normal saline dressing (44/50 patients [88%]). In the autolog","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"61 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89365817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_18_23
A. Radjou, S. Vasudevan, S. Sevvel, G. Sriramulu
{"title":"Overview of the organ transplant scene in India and an attempt to flag issues","authors":"A. Radjou, S. Vasudevan, S. Sevvel, G. Sriramulu","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_18_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_18_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"69 1","pages":"11 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91365016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_57_22
Judah Rajendran, S. Ramya, S. Anandhalakshmi, R. Kanungo
Background: Diabetics are more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) than nondiabetics ranging from dysuria to pyelonephritis. Diabetics have a higher prevalence of both asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI, additionally, recurrent complications. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of UTI in diabetics and nondiabetics and to determine the pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns in diabetic patients with UTI. Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study conducted at the clinical laboratory of the department of microbiology. The study included all the UTI patients diagnosed from January 2018 to December 2018. They were subsequently divided into diabetic and non-diabetic patients. All patients who had >126 mg/dl of fasting blood sugar and >200 mg/dl postprandial blood sugar were diagnosed positive for diabetes mellitus and the remaining were grouped under nondiabetics. Of these, 151 subjects were selected by simple random sampling from each group, respectively. Clinical data, microorganisms isolated, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and clinical outcomes were recorded. Results: There was equal sex predisposition among the diabetics, while there was female preponderance in the case of nondiabetics who developed UTI (P = 0.036). Fever was the most common presenting symptom among diabetics P < 0.0001. Pyelonephritis was more common among diabetics with P < 0.0001. Diabetics were more prone to sepsis compared to nondiabetics P = 0.036. Conclusions: The prevalence of pyelonephritis and urosepsis is significantly higher in diabetics than in nondiabetics. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was similar among both diabetics and nondiabetics.
{"title":"Clinical profile, predisposing risk factors for urinary tract infections and its outcome in diabetics and nondiabetics: The significant variants","authors":"Judah Rajendran, S. Ramya, S. Anandhalakshmi, R. Kanungo","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetics are more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) than nondiabetics ranging from dysuria to pyelonephritis. Diabetics have a higher prevalence of both asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic UTI, additionally, recurrent complications. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of UTI in diabetics and nondiabetics and to determine the pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns in diabetic patients with UTI. Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study conducted at the clinical laboratory of the department of microbiology. The study included all the UTI patients diagnosed from January 2018 to December 2018. They were subsequently divided into diabetic and non-diabetic patients. All patients who had >126 mg/dl of fasting blood sugar and >200 mg/dl postprandial blood sugar were diagnosed positive for diabetes mellitus and the remaining were grouped under nondiabetics. Of these, 151 subjects were selected by simple random sampling from each group, respectively. Clinical data, microorganisms isolated, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and clinical outcomes were recorded. Results: There was equal sex predisposition among the diabetics, while there was female preponderance in the case of nondiabetics who developed UTI (P = 0.036). Fever was the most common presenting symptom among diabetics P < 0.0001. Pyelonephritis was more common among diabetics with P < 0.0001. Diabetics were more prone to sepsis compared to nondiabetics P = 0.036. Conclusions: The prevalence of pyelonephritis and urosepsis is significantly higher in diabetics than in nondiabetics. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was similar among both diabetics and nondiabetics.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"67 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90497869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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