Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_2_24
Kingsley Simon, Kevin Alphones, B. G. Priyadharshini
Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) are a serious problem to our blood centers as they necessitate utilization of massive resources and labor to detect and remove infected blood donations and also turn out to be a source of great distress to the patients recieving blood components and the doctors treating them. The main diseases that are made mandatory by the government to be screened are hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis. Adding to this, India does not have a centralized donor notification system to notify the donors of their TTI positivity status causing the blood centers to be blind and not having a system to verify the credentials of donors making sure they were not tested positive in other centers in the country. We have done a retrospective study that aims to analyze blood center samples and look for the number of TTI positivity in our donations and compare with the total number of donations during the period of January 2016 to March 2023. The data were collected from the blood donor questionnaire and data were put up in an Excel sheet which was later analyzed on the Statistical P program. During the study period, 14,257 donors donated blood. Of which 11,674 (83%) were voluntary donors and 2413 (17%) were replacement donors. About 98.7% were male donors. Among the total donors, 182 (1.27%) were positive for transfusion-transmitted infections. Among the 182 serology-positive donors, 179 (98.3%) were males and 3 (1.7%) were females. Among the 14,257 donors, 160 (1.12%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), 2 (0.014%) for HCV, 2 (0.014%) for HIV, and 18 (0.126%) for syphilis. Among the 182 positive TTI, 160 (87.9%) donors were positive for HBsAg, 18 (9.9%) were positive for syphilis, 2 (1.1%) donors with HIV, and 2 (1.1%) with HCV positivity. Among the 182 donors positive for TTI, 81 (44.5%) donors had donated previously in various hospitals and they were not aware of their positive status. This study mainly aims to bring awareness to the problems that blood centers face in TTI from having to screen every sample to independently verifying donors making sure that they have never tested positive for TTI and counseling them on further tests and referrals.
{"title":"Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infection and reactive donor response rate in a tertiary care hospital in South India: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Kingsley Simon, Kevin Alphones, B. G. Priyadharshini","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_2_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_2_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) are a serious problem to our blood centers as they necessitate utilization of massive resources and labor to detect and remove infected blood donations and also turn out to be a source of great distress to the patients recieving blood components and the doctors treating them. The main diseases that are made mandatory by the government to be screened are hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis. Adding to this, India does not have a centralized donor notification system to notify the donors of their TTI positivity status causing the blood centers to be blind and not having a system to verify the credentials of donors making sure they were not tested positive in other centers in the country.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We have done a retrospective study that aims to analyze blood center samples and look for the number of TTI positivity in our donations and compare with the total number of donations during the period of January 2016 to March 2023. The data were collected from the blood donor questionnaire and data were put up in an Excel sheet which was later analyzed on the Statistical P program.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 During the study period, 14,257 donors donated blood. Of which 11,674 (83%) were voluntary donors and 2413 (17%) were replacement donors. About 98.7% were male donors. Among the total donors, 182 (1.27%) were positive for transfusion-transmitted infections. Among the 182 serology-positive donors, 179 (98.3%) were males and 3 (1.7%) were females. Among the 14,257 donors, 160 (1.12%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), 2 (0.014%) for HCV, 2 (0.014%) for HIV, and 18 (0.126%) for syphilis. Among the 182 positive TTI, 160 (87.9%) donors were positive for HBsAg, 18 (9.9%) were positive for syphilis, 2 (1.1%) donors with HIV, and 2 (1.1%) with HCV positivity. Among the 182 donors positive for TTI, 81 (44.5%) donors had donated previously in various hospitals and they were not aware of their positive status.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study mainly aims to bring awareness to the problems that blood centers face in TTI from having to screen every sample to independently verifying donors making sure that they have never tested positive for TTI and counseling them on further tests and referrals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_37_24
S. Dhanger, Ravindra Bhat, Kena Shah, P. Prawin Kumar
{"title":"Capnography troubleshooting: Lessons learned from laparoscopic hernia surgery","authors":"S. Dhanger, Ravindra Bhat, Kena Shah, P. Prawin Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_37_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_37_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141653744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_19_24
S. Niveda, O. M. F. Rahiman, P. K. Sreenadh, M. L. L. Prasanth
The discovery of antibiotics has caused a huge impact on the history of the entire health-care system. The irrational and excessive use of antibiotics has become futile and has given rise to another serious issue known as antibiotic resistance, which is now a threat to the health-care sector. Due to this, millions of deaths are occurring worldwide every year as infections are becoming difficult to treat as a result of resistance to the antibiotics that are used to treat them. Thus, the confidence of the global health-care system is ruined. The WHO has recognized antibiotic resistance as a serious issue that needs to be addressed and has declared tackling it a high priority. Even though complete eradication of antibiotic resistance is not possible, the spread and the incidence of resistance can be reduced by taking adequate measures. Combating antimicrobial resistance is, therefore, a prime need of the and various strategies have been adopted globally. This article primarily focuses on the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, the mechanisms of resistance, various reasons that contribute to it, and the strategies adopted to combat the global crisis. Here, we have reviewed articles on antibiotic resistance from scientific websites such as PubMed Central, NCBI, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, and the strategies have been taken from the official website of the WHO, Indian Council of Medical Research, and the guidelines issued on this by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India and Government of Kerala.
抗生素的发现对整个医疗保健系统的历史产生了巨大影响。抗生素的不合理和过度使用已变得徒劳无益，并引发了另一个严重问题，即抗生素耐药性，目前已对医疗保健领域构成威胁。由于对用于治疗感染的抗生素产生抗药性，感染变得难以治疗，全世界每年有数百万人因此而死亡。因此，全球医疗保健系统的信心受到了破坏。世卫组织已认识到抗生素耐药性是一个亟待解决的严重问题，并已宣布将解决这一问题列为高度优先事项。尽管不可能完全根除抗生素耐药性，但可以通过采取适当措施减少耐药性的传播和发生。因此，应对抗菌药耐药性是当务之急，全球已采取了各种战略。本文主要关注抗生素耐药性现象、耐药性产生的机制、导致耐药性产生的各种原因以及应对全球危机所采取的策略。在此，我们从 PubMed Central、NCBI、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar 等科学网站上查阅了有关抗生素耐药性的文章，并从世界卫生组织官方网站、印度医学研究理事会以及印度政府卫生与家庭福利部和喀拉拉邦政府发布的相关指南中选取了相关策略。
{"title":"A review on the crisis of antibiotic resistance and the strategies to combat resistance","authors":"S. Niveda, O. M. F. Rahiman, P. K. Sreenadh, M. L. L. Prasanth","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_19_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_19_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The discovery of antibiotics has caused a huge impact on the history of the entire health-care system. The irrational and excessive use of antibiotics has become futile and has given rise to another serious issue known as antibiotic resistance, which is now a threat to the health-care sector. Due to this, millions of deaths are occurring worldwide every year as infections are becoming difficult to treat as a result of resistance to the antibiotics that are used to treat them. Thus, the confidence of the global health-care system is ruined. The WHO has recognized antibiotic resistance as a serious issue that needs to be addressed and has declared tackling it a high priority. Even though complete eradication of antibiotic resistance is not possible, the spread and the incidence of resistance can be reduced by taking adequate measures. Combating antimicrobial resistance is, therefore, a prime need of the and various strategies have been adopted globally. This article primarily focuses on the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, the mechanisms of resistance, various reasons that contribute to it, and the strategies adopted to combat the global crisis. Here, we have reviewed articles on antibiotic resistance from scientific websites such as PubMed Central, NCBI, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, and the strategies have been taken from the official website of the WHO, Indian Council of Medical Research, and the guidelines issued on this by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India and Government of Kerala.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_48_24
P. Kumarasamy, Mohamed Razeen Syed Ibrahim, S. Nagoor
Coryneforms other than Corynebacterium diphtheriae are part of bacterial flora of human skin and mucous membrane. Corynebacterium jeikeium is a rarely reported species from clinical samples, although reported from oral or pharyngeal samples of healthy individuals. Here, we report a case of exudative pharyngitis due to C. jeikeium.
除白喉棒状杆菌外，其他棒状杆菌也是人体皮肤和粘膜细菌群的一部分。尽管有报道称健康人的口腔或咽部样本中检出了鸡眼棒状杆菌，但临床样本中却极少检出鸡眼棒状杆菌。在此，我们报告了一例由 C. jeikeium 引起的渗出性咽炎病例。
{"title":"Corynebacterium jeikeium from exudative pharyngitis: A close mimicker of Corynebacterium diphtheriae","authors":"P. Kumarasamy, Mohamed Razeen Syed Ibrahim, S. Nagoor","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_48_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_48_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Coryneforms other than Corynebacterium diphtheriae are part of bacterial flora of human skin and mucous membrane. Corynebacterium jeikeium is a rarely reported species from clinical samples, although reported from oral or pharyngeal samples of healthy individuals. Here, we report a case of exudative pharyngitis due to C. jeikeium.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_1_24
Pavithra Venugopal, Hariharasudan Subramanian, M. Manoharlal
Various educational methods have been used by professional physical therapy teachers for their students. Since physical therapy includes both theory and practical, students may need to critically think about each patient’s intervention based on the stage of their illness. It is necessary to teach and assess students’ clinical reasoning abilities, so as to deal with the patients. The aim of the study was to find the impact of evidence-based pedagogical approach on clinical reasoning among undergraduate physical therapy students. The study was conducted in our institution and it was a pre- and post-test experimental study design. Forty students in their 3rd year of undergraduate physical therapy (BPT) degree program were randomly assigned to experimental group (evidence-based pedagogical approach, n = 20) and to control group (traditional pedagogical approach, n = 20). They were assessed with Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning (SACRR), clinical reasoning assessment tool (CRAT) (3 domains), and multiple-choice test, at the baseline and after 4 weeks of training. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test. Experimental group showed a significant difference in SACRR (t = 3.4446, P < 0.05), CRAT (Content knowledge and Conceptual reasoning domains showed significant differences with t = 3.2110; 2.7973, P<0.05, but Procedural knowledge domain was not significant with t = 0.7791, P<0.05), and multiple-choice test (t = 5.8538, P < 0.05) scores than the control group. The use of evidence-based pedagogical approach may be more effective than the traditional pedagogical approach for improving clinical reasoning among undergraduate physical therapy students.
{"title":"Impact of evidence-based pedagogical approach on clinical reasoning among undergraduate physical therapy students","authors":"Pavithra Venugopal, Hariharasudan Subramanian, M. Manoharlal","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_1_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_1_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Various educational methods have been used by professional physical therapy teachers for their students. Since physical therapy includes both theory and practical, students may need to critically think about each patient’s intervention based on the stage of their illness. It is necessary to teach and assess students’ clinical reasoning abilities, so as to deal with the patients. The aim of the study was to find the impact of evidence-based pedagogical approach on clinical reasoning among undergraduate physical therapy students.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study was conducted in our institution and it was a pre- and post-test experimental study design. Forty students in their 3rd year of undergraduate physical therapy (BPT) degree program were randomly assigned to experimental group (evidence-based pedagogical approach, n = 20) and to control group (traditional pedagogical approach, n = 20). They were assessed with Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning (SACRR), clinical reasoning assessment tool (CRAT) (3 domains), and multiple-choice test, at the baseline and after 4 weeks of training. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Experimental group showed a significant difference in SACRR (t = 3.4446, P < 0.05), CRAT (Content knowledge and Conceptual reasoning domains showed significant differences with t = 3.2110; 2.7973, P<0.05, but Procedural knowledge domain was not significant with t = 0.7791, P<0.05), and multiple-choice test (t = 5.8538, P < 0.05) scores than the control group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The use of evidence-based pedagogical approach may be more effective than the traditional pedagogical approach for improving clinical reasoning among undergraduate physical therapy students.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_44_23
Priyanka Singh
Atrial myxomas are rare cardiac tumors. It has to be surgically resected early when diagnosed, due to possible complications such as intracardiac obstruction, embolus, and metastasis. It becomes more challenging when found as an incidental finding in routine evaluation for a case of a ruptured aneurysm. Atrial myxoma is a common cause of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, but in 10%–15% of cases, it is associated with the development of metastatic intracranial aneurysms which is a rare complication of myxomatous emboli. We report the case of a 42-year-old female patient presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage, posted for the repair of left paraclinoid internal carotid artery aneurysm under general anesthesia with left interatrial septum myxoma.
{"title":"Anesthetic management of a patient posted for ruptured aneurysm repair with asymptomatic atrial myxoma","authors":"Priyanka Singh","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_44_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_44_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Atrial myxomas are rare cardiac tumors. It has to be surgically resected early when diagnosed, due to possible complications such as intracardiac obstruction, embolus, and metastasis. It becomes more challenging when found as an incidental finding in routine evaluation for a case of a ruptured aneurysm. Atrial myxoma is a common cause of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, but in 10%–15% of cases, it is associated with the development of metastatic intracranial aneurysms which is a rare complication of myxomatous emboli. We report the case of a 42-year-old female patient presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage, posted for the repair of left paraclinoid internal carotid artery aneurysm under general anesthesia with left interatrial septum myxoma.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_134_23
M. Arulselvan, Trishna Vaishali Muthurathinam
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a benign condition characterized by hyperplasia and proliferation of the epidermis and adnexal epithelium which can mimic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In our first case, a 55-year-old female with a prior history of split skin graft presented with dark verrucous growth over the graft site with a nonhealing ulcer of 3 cm × 2 cm seen over the ventral aspect of the left foot. Our second case, a 59-year-old male with a prior history of split skin grafting presented with dark verrucous growth and pain over the right forefoot for 3 months. The third case, a 58-year-old man with diabetic foot ulcer with verrucous growth over the toes. In all the cases, the biopsy was done and diagnosed to be PEH. We report this case series of PEH for the proper distinction from the SCC of the skin.
{"title":"Three cases of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia mimicking squamous cell carcinoma of the foot: A case series","authors":"M. Arulselvan, Trishna Vaishali Muthurathinam","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_134_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_134_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a benign condition characterized by hyperplasia and proliferation of the epidermis and adnexal epithelium which can mimic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In our first case, a 55-year-old female with a prior history of split skin graft presented with dark verrucous growth over the graft site with a nonhealing ulcer of 3 cm × 2 cm seen over the ventral aspect of the left foot. Our second case, a 59-year-old male with a prior history of split skin grafting presented with dark verrucous growth and pain over the right forefoot for 3 months. The third case, a 58-year-old man with diabetic foot ulcer with verrucous growth over the toes. In all the cases, the biopsy was done and diagnosed to be PEH. We report this case series of PEH for the proper distinction from the SCC of the skin.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_125_23
Nandini Vasudevan, Sawantharia Jaganathan, Priya Jose, P. Kommu
Tropical infections are common in South Asia, including India. However, coinfections among the different diseases are rare in children. We report a case of malaria-scrub typhus coinfection in a toddler from South India. A 3-year-old boy presented with fever. He was pale, dull-looking and had hepatosplenomegaly.. There was mild leukocytosis with positive C reactive protein. Rapid malarial antigen was positive, and started on antimalarial therapy. Fever was persisting after 48 h and doxycycline was started. Scrub typhus immunoglobulin M was positive. He responded dramatically to doxycycline, and in 24 hours, he became afebrile. The prevalence of this coinfection was studied by Wilairatana et al. in 2021 and showed a low prevalence of 0%–1%. Our case is unique and rare as this has not been reported in a toddler. Children with acute undifferentiated fever which is not responding to therapy within 48 hours must be investigated for concurrent infection.
{"title":"Coinfection of malaria and scrub typhus in a toddler: First report from South India","authors":"Nandini Vasudevan, Sawantharia Jaganathan, Priya Jose, P. Kommu","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_125_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_125_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tropical infections are common in South Asia, including India. However, coinfections among the different diseases are rare in children. We report a case of malaria-scrub typhus coinfection in a toddler from South India. A 3-year-old boy presented with fever. He was pale, dull-looking and had hepatosplenomegaly.. There was mild leukocytosis with positive C reactive protein. Rapid malarial antigen was positive, and started on antimalarial therapy. Fever was persisting after 48 h and doxycycline was started. Scrub typhus immunoglobulin M was positive. He responded dramatically to doxycycline, and in 24 hours, he became afebrile. The prevalence of this coinfection was studied by Wilairatana et al. in 2021 and showed a low prevalence of 0%–1%. Our case is unique and rare as this has not been reported in a toddler. Children with acute undifferentiated fever which is not responding to therapy within 48 hours must be investigated for concurrent infection.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_98_23
Shyam Kumar Sasidhara Kurup, Femitha Pournami, A. Prithvi, A. Kolisambeevi, A. Panackal, Jyothi Prabhakar, Naveen Jain
Neurosonogram (NSG) is a widely used, noninvasive bedside investigation in neonatal intensive care. Yet, actual data on the proportions of abnormal findings, specific conclusions, and its ability to predict outcomes are sparse. We aimed to study these aspects in very preterm infants who are a high-risk group. This retrospective descriptive study aimed at analyzing reports of postnatal age-specific NSG reports done in very preterm neonates, and their associations with risk factors. Follow-up information prospectively recorded by the child development services was analyzed for the association of NSG abnormalities with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). Clinical and radiological details of 323 very preterm neonates were analyzed. Abnormal NSG (defined as ≥Grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage/≥Grade 2 periventricular leukomalacia/ventriculomegaly) was reported in 42 infants (13%) at or less than term postmenstrual age; 8% of babies at ≤2 weeks postnatal age; and 12% at 36–40 weeks. Choroid plexus cyst was the most common “other” findings. Gestational age <28 weeks, chorioamnionitis, extensive resuscitation, ventilation >24 h, and culture-proven sepsis were independent risk factors for abnormal NSG in the first 2 weeks of life. Of the babies followed up, 19.25% babies had NDI. The sensitivity of any abnormal NSG was only 16% and the specificity was 91% to predict NDI. The negative predictive value of abnormal NSG for NDI was 79.5%. In very preterm, any abnormal NSG (till term postmenstrual age) was reported in 13% of very preterm. The ability to predict NDI using abnormal NSG reports has a test accuracy of 73.8%.
{"title":"Neurosonograms in very preterm neonates: Findings, risk factors, and association with neurodevelopmental outcome: A retrospective study","authors":"Shyam Kumar Sasidhara Kurup, Femitha Pournami, A. Prithvi, A. Kolisambeevi, A. Panackal, Jyothi Prabhakar, Naveen Jain","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_98_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_98_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Neurosonogram (NSG) is a widely used, noninvasive bedside investigation in neonatal intensive care. Yet, actual data on the proportions of abnormal findings, specific conclusions, and its ability to predict outcomes are sparse. We aimed to study these aspects in very preterm infants who are a high-risk group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This retrospective descriptive study aimed at analyzing reports of postnatal age-specific NSG reports done in very preterm neonates, and their associations with risk factors. Follow-up information prospectively recorded by the child development services was analyzed for the association of NSG abnormalities with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Clinical and radiological details of 323 very preterm neonates were analyzed. Abnormal NSG (defined as ≥Grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage/≥Grade 2 periventricular leukomalacia/ventriculomegaly) was reported in 42 infants (13%) at or less than term postmenstrual age; 8% of babies at ≤2 weeks postnatal age; and 12% at 36–40 weeks. Choroid plexus cyst was the most common “other” findings. Gestational age <28 weeks, chorioamnionitis, extensive resuscitation, ventilation >24 h, and culture-proven sepsis were independent risk factors for abnormal NSG in the first 2 weeks of life. Of the babies followed up, 19.25% babies had NDI. The sensitivity of any abnormal NSG was only 16% and the specificity was 91% to predict NDI. The negative predictive value of abnormal NSG for NDI was 79.5%.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In very preterm, any abnormal NSG (till term postmenstrual age) was reported in 13% of very preterm. The ability to predict NDI using abnormal NSG reports has a test accuracy of 73.8%.\u0000","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_144_23
I. Dinesh, Yogindher Singh
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