{"title":"Variability of Air Temperature During Winter Between 1961-2022 in Southwest Romania (Oltenia)","authors":"I. Marinică, A. Marinică","doi":"10.24193/rcj2023_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2023_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124148213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The correlations between land use and landslides in the Territorial Administrative Unit of Mintiu Gherlii","authors":"Gheorghe Roșian, C. Horváth, L. Muntean","doi":"10.24193/rcj2023_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2023_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127108753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Evaluation of Lidar, EU-DEM and SRTM-Derived Terrain Parameters for Hydrologic Applications in Țibleș and Rodnei Mountains (Romania)","authors":"Carina Strapazan, István Kocsis, I. Irimuş","doi":"10.24193/rcj2023_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2023_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133336203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The summer of 2022, in southwest Romania, as in Romania and on the European continent, was particularly hot, marked by a progressive weather warming starting from the very last month of spring - May. According to the Hellmann criterion, June was warm (CL) with a monthly mean of 22.06°C and a deviation from normal of 2.65°C. July was warm (C) with a monthly average, for the entire Oltenia region, of 23.96°C and a deviation from normal of 2.45°C. August was warm (C) with a monthly mean of 23.59°C and a deviation from normal of 2.5°C. Summer was hot (C) with a seasonal mean of 23.2°C and a deviation from normal of 2.5°C. The heat waves had the temporal extension of 51.1% of the summer days, and after the 7.VIII a rainy period followed. The entire continent of Europe was affected by the drought and then by the rainy season. The paper analyses the climatic evolution of this summer, which was the third warmest in the history of the climate in Oltenia, and is useful to all those interested in the climate of south-western Romania.
{"title":"Exceptionally hot summer 2022 in south-west Romania","authors":"I. Marinică, A. Marinică","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_9","url":null,"abstract":"The summer of 2022, in southwest Romania, as in Romania and on the European continent, was particularly hot, marked by a progressive weather warming starting from the very last month of spring - May. According to the Hellmann criterion, June was warm (CL) with a monthly mean of 22.06°C and a deviation from normal of 2.65°C. July was warm (C) with a monthly average, for the entire Oltenia region, of 23.96°C and a deviation from normal of 2.45°C. August was warm (C) with a monthly mean of 23.59°C and a deviation from normal of 2.5°C. Summer was hot (C) with a seasonal mean of 23.2°C and a deviation from normal of 2.5°C. The heat waves had the temporal extension of 51.1% of the summer days, and after the 7.VIII a rainy period followed. The entire continent of Europe was affected by the drought and then by the rainy season. The paper analyses the climatic evolution of this summer, which was the third warmest in the history of the climate in Oltenia, and is useful to all those interested in the climate of south-western Romania.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123154119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hydro-energetic potential assessment of Sebeş River from the Southern Carpathians through the construction of several dams led to the appearance of Oaşa, Tău, Obreja de Căpâlna and Petreşti Reservoirs. The study of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lake water was the subject of many articles. This study wants to identify the particularities of the lake sedimentation because the sedimentation rate influences the water quality and the lake’s water volume, in fact the electric energy produced in the lake. For this were analysed the sedimentation sources and the indicators of the sedimentation rate, the sedimentation pace, the dynamic of sedimentation process and the characteristic volumes of each reservoir. Using the measurements made, sedimentation areas with maximum development sectors were highlighted. At the end, was analysed the influence of sedimentation process on the lake’s morphometric elements.
南喀尔巴阡山脉的sebeek河通过修建几座水坝进行了水能潜力评估，导致oa、turu、Obreja de crecurp和petre水库的出现。湖泊水的定量和定性特征的研究是许多文章的主题。本研究想要确定湖泊沉积的特殊性，因为沉积速率影响水质和湖泊的水量，实际上影响湖泊产生的电能。为此，分析了沉积来源、沉积速率指标、沉积速度、沉积过程动力和各储层的特征体积。利用所作的测量，突出了具有最大发展部门的沉积区。最后，分析了沉积过程对湖泊形态要素的影响。
{"title":"Reservoir sedimentation in the Sebeș hydrographic basin","authors":"Iulian Ioan Ștef","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_12","url":null,"abstract":"The hydro-energetic potential assessment of Sebeş River from the Southern Carpathians through the construction of several dams led to the appearance of Oaşa, Tău, Obreja de Căpâlna and Petreşti Reservoirs. The study of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lake water was the subject of many articles. This study wants to identify the particularities of the lake sedimentation because the sedimentation rate influences the water quality and the lake’s water volume, in fact the electric energy produced in the lake. For this were analysed the sedimentation sources and the indicators of the sedimentation rate, the sedimentation pace, the dynamic of sedimentation process and the characteristic volumes of each reservoir. Using the measurements made, sedimentation areas with maximum development sectors were highlighted. At the end, was analysed the influence of sedimentation process on the lake’s morphometric elements.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133153470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Every country's railway heritage is very important, given the fact that it represents an important part of a nation's identity. Romanian has a vast network of railways and rolling stock, from steam locomotives built in Resita in the 1900s, to modern day electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors built by Softronic Craiova. This article's goal is to showcase the reasons why conserving Romania's railway heritage is important, especially when it comes to locomotives. In this article we will analyse Romania's locomotives and their attributes. The results show us that, although locomotives are an important part of Romania's heritage that the country should be proud of, they are not valued to the fullest extent possible.
{"title":"Conserving the Romanian Railway Heritage. Case Study: Locomotives","authors":"Matei-Ștefan Lutz","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_8","url":null,"abstract":"Every country's railway heritage is very important, given the fact that it represents an important part of a nation's identity. Romanian has a vast network of railways and rolling stock, from steam locomotives built in Resita in the 1900s, to modern day electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors built by Softronic Craiova. This article's goal is to showcase the reasons why conserving Romania's railway heritage is important, especially when it comes to locomotives. In this article we will analyse Romania's locomotives and their attributes. The results show us that, although locomotives are an important part of Romania's heritage that the country should be proud of, they are not valued to the fullest extent possible.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127444343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides an updated analysis of the Danube’s hydrographic, hydrologic, and water quality features describing the characteristics of its entire course and focusing on the lower sector. The Danube is the second largest watercourse in Europe in terms of length (2860 km) and basin area (817,000 km2). In Romania, the Danube is 1,075 km long and drains over 97% of the country’s territory.. The Danube’s multiannual average discharge increases downstream collecting the tributaries waters - 1,470 m3/s at Passau, after the confluence with the river Inn; 1,920 m3/s in Vienna; 2,350 m3/s in Budapest and 5,300 m3/s after the Drava, Tisa, and Sava confluences. The Danube enters Romania at Baziaş with 5,523 m3/s (multiannual average flow during the 1931-2020 period). The maximum discharge is recorded by the high spring waters, but occasionally in summer, too: 15,800 m³/s at Baziaș in April 2006; 15,300 m3/s at Giurgiu, and 15,900 m3/s at Ceatal Chilia. The minimum discharge occurs in autumn and occasionally in winter: 1,040 m3/s at Baziaș in 1949; and 1,790 m3/s at Ceatal Chilia in 1947. The suspended sediments discharge (1840-2000) was on average 53 million tons/ year at Isaccea, that is, 1,681 kg/s. Since 1996, the qualitative monitoring of the water has been implemented through the Danube Transnational Monitoring Network (TNMN) of the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR). The spatial and temporal variation in the Pontic sector of the physical-chemical quality indicators, reflects the general characteristics and the effect/impact of the main pressures identified at the basin level for the 1996-2020 period, in monitoring stations (from Baziaș to Reni and on its 3 arms). From a complete and integrative perspective and in line with the Water Framework Directive provisions, the Danube water bodies, their typology, ecological status/potential, and chemical status have been presented. The lower Danube-associated natural protected areas that are established under the international, European and national legal requirements have been reviewed.
{"title":"The Danube and its delta. Hydrogeographic characteristics. Actual synthesis.","authors":"P. Gâștescu, Elena Țuchiu","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an updated analysis of the Danube’s hydrographic, hydrologic, and water quality features describing the characteristics of its entire course and focusing on the lower sector. The Danube is the second largest watercourse in Europe in terms of length (2860 km) and basin area (817,000 km2). In Romania, the Danube is 1,075 km long and drains over 97% of the country’s territory.. The Danube’s multiannual average discharge increases downstream collecting the tributaries waters - 1,470 m3/s at Passau, after the confluence with the river Inn; 1,920 m3/s in Vienna; 2,350 m3/s in Budapest and 5,300 m3/s after the Drava, Tisa, and Sava confluences. The Danube enters Romania at Baziaş with 5,523 m3/s (multiannual average flow during the 1931-2020 period). The maximum discharge is recorded by the high spring waters, but occasionally in summer, too: 15,800 m³/s at Baziaș in April 2006; 15,300 m3/s at Giurgiu, and 15,900 m3/s at Ceatal Chilia. The minimum discharge occurs in autumn and occasionally in winter: 1,040 m3/s at Baziaș in 1949; and 1,790 m3/s at Ceatal Chilia in 1947. The suspended sediments discharge (1840-2000) was on average 53 million tons/ year at Isaccea, that is, 1,681 kg/s. Since 1996, the qualitative monitoring of the water has been implemented through the Danube Transnational Monitoring Network (TNMN) of the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR). The spatial and temporal variation in the Pontic sector of the physical-chemical quality indicators, reflects the general characteristics and the effect/impact of the main pressures identified at the basin level for the 1996-2020 period, in monitoring stations (from Baziaș to Reni and on its 3 arms). From a complete and integrative perspective and in line with the Water Framework Directive provisions, the Danube water bodies, their typology, ecological status/potential, and chemical status have been presented. The lower Danube-associated natural protected areas that are established under the international, European and national legal requirements have been reviewed.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130168457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olt River represents one of the most complex hydrographic system, both in terms of the natural factors of the flow and the uses that influence the natural flow. Hydrometric stations on the main course provide good monitoring of the runoff. The most important uses are water supplies and reservoirs. The analysis refers to the degree of runoff influence and the type of influenced runoff. The degree of runoff influence is analysed at all seven hydrometric stations in absolute and relative values. The type of flow affected indicates relative constancy and does not change along the main course.
{"title":"Influenced runoff in the upper and middle basin of the Olt River","authors":"M. Vigh","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_11","url":null,"abstract":"Olt River represents one of the most complex hydrographic system, both in terms of the natural factors of the flow and the uses that influence the natural flow. Hydrometric stations on the main course provide good monitoring of the runoff. The most important uses are water supplies and reservoirs. The analysis refers to the degree of runoff influence and the type of influenced runoff. The degree of runoff influence is analysed at all seven hydrometric stations in absolute and relative values. The type of flow affected indicates relative constancy and does not change along the main course.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116144856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the ongoing rapid urbanization increases the vulnerability of cities to the impacts of climate change and threatens the existence of environmental assets. Therefore, the sustainable development of urban areas has become a real challenge for local governments. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations (UN) is also an instrument that holds governments accountable to achieve the targets set within its framework. The purpose of this study is to analyze the condition and determine the progress towards achieving SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) in the case of Cluj Metropolitan Area, Romania. Official statistical sources gave the base to our calculation and analysis, that were selected in terms of their availability and integrity on the level of local authorities situated in the study area. The results indicate that the CMA made a trifling progress in implementing both of the analyzed SDGs.
{"title":"Addressing environmental and ecological challenges through the implementation of sustainable development goals in a metropolitan context. Case study: Cluj Metropolitan Area.","authors":"J. Nagy, J. Benedek","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_2","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the ongoing rapid urbanization increases the vulnerability of cities to the impacts of climate change and threatens the existence of environmental assets. Therefore, the sustainable development of urban areas has become a real challenge for local governments. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations (UN) is also an instrument that holds governments accountable to achieve the targets set within its framework. The purpose of this study is to analyze the condition and determine the progress towards achieving SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) in the case of Cluj Metropolitan Area, Romania. Official statistical sources gave the base to our calculation and analysis, that were selected in terms of their availability and integrity on the level of local authorities situated in the study area. The results indicate that the CMA made a trifling progress in implementing both of the analyzed SDGs.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133673265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper aims to assess the suitability for spatial planning of a depression area. For this purpose, a spatial analysis model was developed using GIS techniques, integrating databases representing the morphometric parameters of the relief (depth of fragmentation, density of fragmentation, surface exposure, slope) and additional criteria (land use, the geology and the soil erosion rate.) These were qualitatively evaluated on a scale from 1 to 5 (1-very favourable; 5-unfavourable) and were used to generate the map of relief suitability for spatial planning. The obtained results highlight the fact that the analysed area has high and very high favourability for spatial planning, both as a whole and at the level of the individual analysis of the territorial administrative units.
{"title":"Multicriterial analysis of the relief suitability for spatial planning in Guruslău Depression.","authors":"A. Costea, I. Irimuş, Sorin Filip","doi":"10.24193/rcj2022_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2022_5","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims to assess the suitability for spatial planning of a depression area. For this purpose, a spatial analysis model was developed using GIS techniques, integrating databases representing the morphometric parameters of the relief (depth of fragmentation, density of fragmentation, surface exposure, slope) and additional criteria (land use, the geology and the soil erosion rate.) These were qualitatively evaluated on a scale from 1 to 5 (1-very favourable; 5-unfavourable) and were used to generate the map of relief suitability for spatial planning. The obtained results highlight the fact that the analysed area has high and very high favourability for spatial planning, both as a whole and at the level of the individual analysis of the territorial administrative units.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132679573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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