A diachronic analysis of the geomorphic units using a geographical information system (GIS) that integrates historical maps, aerial and satellite imagery is a useful method to explore fluvial morphodynamics. This study used the mentioned spatial data sources to investigate the morphological changes of the islands on the Low Danube River between Călărași and Cernavodă between 1864 and 2016. At the same time, the accuracy of the cartographic materials was evaluated to differentiate between real change caused by identification or positional errors. There is a general increase in area and number of islands in the study area in the context of decreasing sediment volume transported by the Danube.
{"title":"Morphological dynamics of the islands on the lower Danube river in the Călărași-Cernavodă sector and GIS error assessment","authors":"A. Chelu","doi":"10.24193/RCJ2018_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/RCJ2018_15","url":null,"abstract":"A diachronic analysis of the geomorphic units using a geographical information system (GIS) that integrates historical maps, aerial and satellite imagery is a useful method to explore fluvial morphodynamics. This study used the mentioned spatial data sources to investigate the morphological changes of the islands on the Low Danube River between Călărași and Cernavodă between 1864 and 2016. At the same time, the accuracy of the cartographic materials was evaluated to differentiate between real change caused by identification or positional errors. There is a general increase in area and number of islands in the study area in the context of decreasing sediment volume transported by the Danube.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114611918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Mareş, Satu-Mare Romania Colegiul Naţional „Mihai Eminescu”
Transformations of Someş River bed in the urban area of Satu Mare. The study captures the spatial-temporal evolution of the Someș river bed and the anthropic interference over it in the metropolitan area of Satu Mare. Over time the inhabitants of these lands led a permanent struggle with Someș waters, which flooded frequently. Due to the low drainage slope and the intense meandering in the urban sector, over time a series of hydro-technical works for rectifying the river bed and embankments to reduce the effects of the floods were needed. Before 1777 there were 39 meanders on the territory of the urban area, which through extensive works have now been suppressed. The works performed took place in three main stages. Through these works were converted into agricultural land and later in built surfaces about 800 ha of swamps and arms. Due to the hydro technical works the length of the course in the urban area decreased from 36.5 km to 13 km. The cross-sections made at the Satu Mare hydrometric station revealed a deepening of the river valley in its own alluviums due to the influence of several factors.
{"title":"Transformations of Someş River bed in the urban area of Satu Mare","authors":"C. Mareş, Satu-Mare Romania Colegiul Naţional „Mihai Eminescu”","doi":"10.24193/RCJ2018_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/RCJ2018_16","url":null,"abstract":"Transformations of Someş River bed in the urban area of Satu Mare. The study captures the spatial-temporal evolution of the Someș river bed and the anthropic interference over it in the metropolitan area of Satu Mare. Over time the inhabitants of these lands led a permanent struggle with Someș waters, which flooded frequently. Due to the low drainage slope and the intense meandering in the urban sector, over time a series of hydro-technical works for rectifying the river bed and embankments to reduce the effects of the floods were needed. Before 1777 there were 39 meanders on the territory of the urban area, which through extensive works have now been suppressed. The works performed took place in three main stages. Through these works were converted into agricultural land and later in built surfaces about 800 ha of swamps and arms. Due to the hydro technical works the length of the course in the urban area decreased from 36.5 km to 13 km. The cross-sections made at the Satu Mare hydrometric station revealed a deepening of the river valley in its own alluviums due to the influence of several factors.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116160839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danube Qualitative characteristics of the water in the Pontic sector. The article analyses the spatial and temporal variation in the lower Danube sector of the physico-chemical quality indicators, selected to reflect the general characteristics and the effect / impact of the main pressures identified at basin level for the period 1996-2015, in 6 monitoring sections (from Baziaș to Reni). Based on the minimum, average and maximum multi-year values for all physic-chemical determinants that reflect the degree of variability of the values of the concentrations monitored for the analysed periods, they were interpreted in particular from the perspective of the interdependence between these parameters, their behaviour, the aquatic transformations /reactions, as well as from the point of view of correlation with the contribution of tributaries and sources of pollution. Longitudinal (upstream / downstream) variations have also been established over the 20-year period, concluding that most determinants / pollutants have an increasing spatial trend. From a temporal point of view, all determinants analysed from the point of view of the water quality improvement trends were determined, namely the temporal trends (especially in the Reni section) and the possible causes of variation were identified.
{"title":"Danube - Qualitative characteristics of the water in the Pontic sector","authors":"Elena Țuchiu","doi":"10.24193/rcj2018_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2018_12","url":null,"abstract":"Danube Qualitative characteristics of the water in the Pontic sector. The article analyses the spatial and temporal variation in the lower Danube sector of the physico-chemical quality indicators, selected to reflect the general characteristics and the effect / impact of the main pressures identified at basin level for the period 1996-2015, in 6 monitoring sections (from Baziaș to Reni). Based on the minimum, average and maximum multi-year values for all physic-chemical determinants that reflect the degree of variability of the values of the concentrations monitored for the analysed periods, they were interpreted in particular from the perspective of the interdependence between these parameters, their behaviour, the aquatic transformations /reactions, as well as from the point of view of correlation with the contribution of tributaries and sources of pollution. Longitudinal (upstream / downstream) variations have also been established over the 20-year period, concluding that most determinants / pollutants have an increasing spatial trend. From a temporal point of view, all determinants analysed from the point of view of the water quality improvement trends were determined, namely the temporal trends (especially in the Reni section) and the possible causes of variation were identified.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129549380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Achim, Universitatea “Politehnica” din Bucureşti
. Geographic studies conducted in Southern Bărăgan Plain involve elements of water analysis related to the management of water resources. This is a problem because the studied field is a sensitive area to ensure the need for water, especially at certain times of the year, such as those related to the vegetation phases of the crop plants. Hydric phenomena and processes are unique manifestations that introduce disturbances in the economic activity linked mainly to agriculture, but also damage to constructions. In addition, they also generate environmental problems through the many interferences that may occur. Analyses in this regard require the adoption of a working methodology, observations and experimental and itinerant measurements, as well as the use of databases from meteorological stations as well as cadastral or pedological ones or from the agricultural department.
{"title":"Characteristics of hydric risk phenomena and processes from the southern Bărăgan Plain","authors":"F. Achim, Universitatea “Politehnica” din Bucureşti","doi":"10.24193/rcj2018_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2018_20","url":null,"abstract":". Geographic studies conducted in Southern Bărăgan Plain involve elements of water analysis related to the management of water resources. This is a problem because the studied field is a sensitive area to ensure the need for water, especially at certain times of the year, such as those related to the vegetation phases of the crop plants. Hydric phenomena and processes are unique manifestations that introduce disturbances in the economic activity linked mainly to agriculture, but also damage to constructions. In addition, they also generate environmental problems through the many interferences that may occur. Analyses in this regard require the adoption of a working methodology, observations and experimental and itinerant measurements, as well as the use of databases from meteorological stations as well as cadastral or pedological ones or from the agricultural department.","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133050593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
– Recent trends in the low-flow variability in Romania In the context of climate changes, knowing the low-flow trends is very important for establishing appropriate measures for water resources management, in order to ensure their sustainability. This paper focuses on Romanian rivers and aims to identify the recent trends (during the period 1980-2013) in the low-flow variability. The analysis is based on discharges data series (daily and monthly) recorded at 54 gauging stations, with a quasi-natural flow regime. The significance of trends for annual, monthly and seasonal low-flow in the analyzed period has been established using the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test. The variability of the lowest annual values of the mean daily and monthly discharges showed positive trends at gauging stations located mainly in the Carpathian area, while negative trends were found in lowland regions (plains and tablelands). During the winter there were identified positive low-flow trends, while negative trends were found in summer and spring. Increases in the minimum monthly flow were particularly evident in February, March and December, and negative trends were identified especially in the summer (July, June and August) and the autumn months (September and October).
{"title":"Recent trends in the low-flow variability in Romania","authors":"I. Tănase","doi":"10.24193/rcj2018_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/rcj2018_13","url":null,"abstract":"– Recent trends in the low-flow variability in Romania In the context of climate changes, knowing the low-flow trends is very important for establishing appropriate measures for water resources management, in order to ensure their sustainability. This paper focuses on Romanian rivers and aims to identify the recent trends (during the period 1980-2013) in the low-flow variability. The analysis is based on discharges data series (daily and monthly) recorded at 54 gauging stations, with a quasi-natural flow regime. The significance of trends for annual, monthly and seasonal low-flow in the analyzed period has been established using the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test. The variability of the lowest annual values of the mean daily and monthly discharges showed positive trends at gauging stations located mainly in the Carpathian area, while negative trends were found in lowland regions (plains and tablelands). During the winter there were identified positive low-flow trends, while negative trends were found in summer and spring. Increases in the minimum monthly flow were particularly evident in February, March and December, and negative trends were identified especially in the summer (July, June and August) and the autumn months (September and October).","PeriodicalId":326907,"journal":{"name":"Risks and Catastrophes Journal","volume":"420 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121822665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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