Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765471
Arslan Ali, G. Fischer
This paper presents very promising radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting techniques for the terminal-based detection of fake base station (FBS) in a wireless cellular network. The proposed schemes are based on identifying the analog hardware impairments of the transmitter. In this regard, phase noise analysis and its measured signatures reveal that low to medium end software defined radio (SDR) acting as FBS can certainly be detected if the detecting terminal’s own phase noise is at least 10-dB better than the transmitter. However, for medium to high end FBS, a computationally efficient network synchronized carrier frequency offset (CFO) approach has been proposed and the measurement results confirm that the regular base stations (RBS) that are clock synchronized show identical CFO values whereas, the FBS show large and random offset values. Furthermore, the CFO stability (Frequency offset vs. time) signatures illustrate that an FBS running by its own lazy clock show a large instability in the frequency offset values and even in case of a precision clock, fluctuations vanish though the stabilized offset is still large enough for a user terminal to distinguish the FBS from the RBS.
本文提出了一种非常有前途的射频指纹技术，用于无线蜂窝网络中基于终端的假基站检测。所提出的方案是基于识别发射机的模拟硬件损伤。在这方面，相位噪声分析及其测量特征表明，如果检测终端自身的相位噪声至少比发射机好10db，则可以检测到充当FBS的中低端软件定义无线电(SDR)。然而，对于中高端FBS，提出了一种计算效率高的网络同步载波频偏(CFO)方法，测量结果证实，时钟同步的常规基站(RBS)显示相同的CFO值，而FBS显示大且随机的偏移值。此外，CFO稳定性(Frequency offset vs. time)特征表明，使用自己的惰性时钟运行的FBS在频率偏移值上表现出很大的不稳定性，即使是在精确时钟的情况下，波动也会消失，尽管稳定的偏移量仍然足够大，用户终端可以将FBS与RBS区分开来。
{"title":"The Phase Noise and Clock Synchronous Carrier Frequency Offset based RF Fingerprinting for the Fake Base Station Detection","authors":"Arslan Ali, G. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765471","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents very promising radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting techniques for the terminal-based detection of fake base station (FBS) in a wireless cellular network. The proposed schemes are based on identifying the analog hardware impairments of the transmitter. In this regard, phase noise analysis and its measured signatures reveal that low to medium end software defined radio (SDR) acting as FBS can certainly be detected if the detecting terminal’s own phase noise is at least 10-dB better than the transmitter. However, for medium to high end FBS, a computationally efficient network synchronized carrier frequency offset (CFO) approach has been proposed and the measurement results confirm that the regular base stations (RBS) that are clock synchronized show identical CFO values whereas, the FBS show large and random offset values. Furthermore, the CFO stability (Frequency offset vs. time) signatures illustrate that an FBS running by its own lazy clock show a large instability in the frequency offset values and even in case of a precision clock, fluctuations vanish though the stabilized offset is still large enough for a user terminal to distinguish the FBS from the RBS.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130925656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765458
Kunyi Zhang, R. Amineh, Z. Dong, David J. Nadler
Improved data acquisition with autonomous sensor networks for fine-grained data sampling and collection is critical for ensuring urban water sustainability. It leads to better analysis, predictability, and optimization of water resources. To address this need, here, we propose a microwave sensor array composed of five complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) operating in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz. The use of an array provides the opportunity to acquire more information regarding the water pollutants. Here, the design of the proposed sensor array is presented along with the results of testing that with water samples with heavy metal pollutants including Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg).
{"title":"A Microwave Sensor Array for Water Quality Testing","authors":"Kunyi Zhang, R. Amineh, Z. Dong, David J. Nadler","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765458","url":null,"abstract":"Improved data acquisition with autonomous sensor networks for fine-grained data sampling and collection is critical for ensuring urban water sustainability. It leads to better analysis, predictability, and optimization of water resources. To address this need, here, we propose a microwave sensor array composed of five complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) operating in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz. The use of an array provides the opportunity to acquire more information regarding the water pollutants. Here, the design of the proposed sensor array is presented along with the results of testing that with water samples with heavy metal pollutants including Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg).","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133739359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765444
Michael Wagner, T. Gossmann, Jakob Tomasik, R. Weigel, A. Hagelauer
In this paper, a new concept from circuit design perspective is presented and evaluated based on simulations. The concept allows for manipulation of the fixed behavior and limited effective electromechanical coupling factor ($k_{text{eff}}^2$) of acoustic-wave resonators by additional lumped-element resonators. This hybrid approach enables resonance spreading of single acoustic-wave resonators and can be used for wide-band filter designs. A theoretical description of the concept is given and its benefits and application to filter design are outlined. Important characteristics are illustrated by a design example.
{"title":"Simulations of a New Design Concept for Hybrid Ladder Filters","authors":"Michael Wagner, T. Gossmann, Jakob Tomasik, R. Weigel, A. Hagelauer","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765444","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new concept from circuit design perspective is presented and evaluated based on simulations. The concept allows for manipulation of the fixed behavior and limited effective electromechanical coupling factor ($k_{text{eff}}^2$) of acoustic-wave resonators by additional lumped-element resonators. This hybrid approach enables resonance spreading of single acoustic-wave resonators and can be used for wide-band filter designs. A theoretical description of the concept is given and its benefits and application to filter design are outlined. Important characteristics are illustrated by a design example.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121752465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765474
Hemin Wu, K. Yuk, G. Branner
The work presents a light weight and compact solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) using GaN technology for L1 band (1.575GHz) GPS applications. Due to immature development of GaN transistor modeling, the PA is designed to operate in Class F mode by using a combination of harmonic load-pull simulations and data-based characterization to achieve high PAE. Additionally, the paper will discuss the solutions to the challenges of thermal management and input matching network design. A hybrid circuit realization achieves Pout=102W, ETA=68% and PAE=66% with gain=15.1dB under 3dB gain compression in CW operation.
该工作提出了一种重量轻、结构紧凑的固态功率放大器(SSPA)，采用GaN技术用于L1频段(1.575GHz) GPS应用。由于GaN晶体管建模的不成熟发展，PA被设计为在F类模式下工作，通过使用谐波负载-拉动模拟和基于数据的表征相结合来实现高PAE。此外，本文将讨论热管理和输入匹配网络设计挑战的解决方案。在连续波工作中，在3dB增益压缩下实现了输出功率102W, ETA 68%， PAE 66%，增益15.1dB的混合电路实现。
{"title":"A compact 100W, 68% Class F GaN Power Amplifier for L-band GPS","authors":"Hemin Wu, K. Yuk, G. Branner","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765474","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents a light weight and compact solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) using GaN technology for L1 band (1.575GHz) GPS applications. Due to immature development of GaN transistor modeling, the PA is designed to operate in Class F mode by using a combination of harmonic load-pull simulations and data-based characterization to achieve high PAE. Additionally, the paper will discuss the solutions to the challenges of thermal management and input matching network design. A hybrid circuit realization achieves Pout=102W, ETA=68% and PAE=66% with gain=15.1dB under 3dB gain compression in CW operation.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133473322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765440
M. Sakalas, N. Joram, F. Ellinger
This work presents an ultra-wideband, balanced frequency multiplier and amplifier combination, implemented in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. A design technique for balanced, extreme bandwidth frequency multiplier is introduced. The topology is then combined with an inductively peaked, differential wideband amplifier to address the required bandwidth, the output power and to suppress the common mode signal. The designed circuit operates in a continuous 3 GHz to 40 GHz output frequency range, has an average conversion loss of 3 dB, the rejection ratios of fundamental and 3rd harmonic frequencies are better than 34 dBc and 48 dBc respectively and it consumes 21 mA from a 3 V power source. To the best knowledge of the author, this work strongly outperforms the state of the art in terms of the fractional bandwidth.
{"title":"Design Technique for Ultra-Wideband Balanced Frequency Doublers","authors":"M. Sakalas, N. Joram, F. Ellinger","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765440","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an ultra-wideband, balanced frequency multiplier and amplifier combination, implemented in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. A design technique for balanced, extreme bandwidth frequency multiplier is introduced. The topology is then combined with an inductively peaked, differential wideband amplifier to address the required bandwidth, the output power and to suppress the common mode signal. The designed circuit operates in a continuous 3 GHz to 40 GHz output frequency range, has an average conversion loss of 3 dB, the rejection ratios of fundamental and 3rd harmonic frequencies are better than 34 dBc and 48 dBc respectively and it consumes 21 mA from a 3 V power source. To the best knowledge of the author, this work strongly outperforms the state of the art in terms of the fractional bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"453 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121460703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765446
A. S. Shahen Shah, H. Ilhan, U. Tureli
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have recently attracted interest for automation and intelligent transportation system (ITS). Channel capture influences the performance of VANETs in practical transmission. In this paper, to assess the performance of the IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) for VANETs under capture effect, an analytical model based on Markov chain model is presented. The parameters that could impact performance are studied. The relationship among parameters and performance metrics are derived. The probability of successful transmission, probability of frame capture, and throughput expressions are obtained. Furthermore, to verify the analytical studies numerical results are presented.
{"title":"Modeling and Performance Analysis of the IEEE 802.11 MAC for VANETs under Capture Effect","authors":"A. S. Shahen Shah, H. Ilhan, U. Tureli","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765446","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have recently attracted interest for automation and intelligent transportation system (ITS). Channel capture influences the performance of VANETs in practical transmission. In this paper, to assess the performance of the IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) for VANETs under capture effect, an analytical model based on Markov chain model is presented. The parameters that could impact performance are studied. The relationship among parameters and performance metrics are derived. The probability of successful transmission, probability of frame capture, and throughput expressions are obtained. Furthermore, to verify the analytical studies numerical results are presented.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128417600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765470
R. Lu, M. Haider, Y. Massoud
Recently wireless power transmission (WPT) has gained a tremendous level of interests in scientific, domestic, and civil applications. Out of several WPT schemes, the nearfield magnetic link shows potentials for short distance wireless power and data transmission. However, the power-transmission efficiency of magnetic link is limited by the low coupling factor and the quality factors of the transmitter and the receiver coils. To overcome this challenge, a high-efficiency three-coil inductive power link with resonant capacitor is proposed to improve the working bandwidth. Prototype coils are designed and fabricated on FR4 substrate and HP 4396B Network Analyzer is used to measure the performance of the 3-coil link system. Simulation and measurement results indicate that the proposed system has a transfer gain 42 dB higher than that of the two-coil coupled inductive link under resonant condition.
{"title":"A Three-Coil Coupled High-Efficiency Power Link for Wireless Power Transfer Application","authors":"R. Lu, M. Haider, Y. Massoud","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765470","url":null,"abstract":"Recently wireless power transmission (WPT) has gained a tremendous level of interests in scientific, domestic, and civil applications. Out of several WPT schemes, the nearfield magnetic link shows potentials for short distance wireless power and data transmission. However, the power-transmission efficiency of magnetic link is limited by the low coupling factor and the quality factors of the transmitter and the receiver coils. To overcome this challenge, a high-efficiency three-coil inductive power link with resonant capacitor is proposed to improve the working bandwidth. Prototype coils are designed and fabricated on FR4 substrate and HP 4396B Network Analyzer is used to measure the performance of the 3-coil link system. Simulation and measurement results indicate that the proposed system has a transfer gain 42 dB higher than that of the two-coil coupled inductive link under resonant condition.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127296570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765437
Seng Loong Yu, E. Rojas-Nastrucci
Direct digital manufacturing (DDM) is an alternative fabrication method to prototype and potentially mass produce RF and mm-wave circuits and antennas. One target application are conformal antennas on irregular surfaces. Microdispensed dielectric pastes are suitable for such an application and a microwave characterization process is described in this paper. Two S-parameter-based methods are used to extract the dielectric constant of two different materials. The results show that the average dielectric constant for DuPont 5036 and 8153 are 4 and 27.5 in the frequency ranges of 1–10 GHz and 1–20 GHz respectively. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that presents RF characterization of microdispensed dielectric materials using transmission lines.
{"title":"Characterization of Microdispensed Dielectric Materials for Direct Digital Manufacturing Using Coplanar Waveguides","authors":"Seng Loong Yu, E. Rojas-Nastrucci","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765437","url":null,"abstract":"Direct digital manufacturing (DDM) is an alternative fabrication method to prototype and potentially mass produce RF and mm-wave circuits and antennas. One target application are conformal antennas on irregular surfaces. Microdispensed dielectric pastes are suitable for such an application and a microwave characterization process is described in this paper. Two S-parameter-based methods are used to extract the dielectric constant of two different materials. The results show that the average dielectric constant for DuPont 5036 and 8153 are 4 and 27.5 in the frequency ranges of 1–10 GHz and 1–20 GHz respectively. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that presents RF characterization of microdispensed dielectric materials using transmission lines.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127511619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765439
Jingjun Chen, Hao Wang, X. Liu
This paper presents a 310-GHz fundamental oscillator with a differential T-embedding network. An on-chip transformer acts part of an embedding component and produces a single-ended output. The design is implemented in 65-nm CMOS process, occupying a core area of 0.01 μm2. The oscillator generates 0.4-mW output power from two 16-μm transistor while drawing 10.39-mA current from a 1.2-V power supply, corresponding to a 3.2% dc-to-RF efficiency. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this oscillator provides the highest fundamental frequency in CMOS with high output power and dc-to-RF efficiency.
{"title":"A 310-GHz Fundamental Oscillator with 0.4-mW Output Power and 3.2% dc-to-RF Efficiency in 65-nm CMOS","authors":"Jingjun Chen, Hao Wang, X. Liu","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765439","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a 310-GHz fundamental oscillator with a differential T-embedding network. An on-chip transformer acts part of an embedding component and produces a single-ended output. The design is implemented in 65-nm CMOS process, occupying a core area of 0.01 μm2. The oscillator generates 0.4-mW output power from two 16-μm transistor while drawing 10.39-mA current from a 1.2-V power supply, corresponding to a 3.2% dc-to-RF efficiency. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this oscillator provides the highest fundamental frequency in CMOS with high output power and dc-to-RF efficiency.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128691077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765436
D. Lugo, Ramiro A. Ramirez, Jing Wang, T. Weller
The design and implementation of a metal strip-loaded dielectric rod waveguide (MSL DRW) band stop filter is presented for operation in the Ku band. A corrugated metal layer was incorporated on top of a high permittivity waveguide core to achieve band stop rejection greater than 20 dB and rejection bandwidths of 10%. The metal strip loading is achieved with patterned copper foils attached to the top and bottom surfaces of the waveguide structure. It is experimentally demonstrated that the stop band frequencies can be tuned by adjusting the metal strip periodicity. An equivalent circuit model is proposed to represent the filter characteristics.
{"title":"Ku band Metal Strip-Loaded Dielectric Rod Waveguide Filter","authors":"D. Lugo, Ramiro A. Ramirez, Jing Wang, T. Weller","doi":"10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WAMICON.2019.8765436","url":null,"abstract":"The design and implementation of a metal strip-loaded dielectric rod waveguide (MSL DRW) band stop filter is presented for operation in the Ku band. A corrugated metal layer was incorporated on top of a high permittivity waveguide core to achieve band stop rejection greater than 20 dB and rejection bandwidths of 10%. The metal strip loading is achieved with patterned copper foils attached to the top and bottom surfaces of the waveguide structure. It is experimentally demonstrated that the stop band frequencies can be tuned by adjusting the metal strip periodicity. An equivalent circuit model is proposed to represent the filter characteristics.","PeriodicalId":328717,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 20th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128033756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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