Din Daeng is a small and densely populated district of Bangkok with two major expressways in the area. PM2.5�concentrations in Din Daeng district often exceed both daily and annual standards of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was applied to investigate the effects of the metropolitan characteristics and traffic volumes on the dispersion of PM2.5�in Din Daeng district. The turbulent flow was analyzed using the Standard k-? model. There are two scenarios in this simulation study. One is to investigate the consequences of having the expressways and their resulting PM2.5�emissions. The other is to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the city lockdown which affected the traffic volumes. The presence of the expressways in Din Daeng district was demonstrated to enhance PM2.5�concentrations. The presence of the expressway increased the concentration of PM2.5�by approximately 3.4 times compared to the case of no expressways.�The COVID-19 pandemic seemed to have�an impact on the concentration of PM2.5�during the city lockdown. During the city lockdown,�the concentration of PM2.5�was reduced by approximately 63% compared to the normal period.||ดินแดงเป็นเขตขนาดเล็กและมีประชากรอาศัยอย่างหนาแน่นของกรุงเทพมหานคร�ทำให้ความเข้มข้น PM2.5 ในเขตดินแดงเกินมาตรฐานรายวันและประจำปีของมาตรฐานคุณภาพอากาศ ในงานวิจัยนี้พลศาสตร์ของไหลเชิงคำนวณ (CFD) ถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อตรวจสอบผลกระทบของลักษณะเมืองและปริมาณการจราจรต่อการกระจายตัวของ PM2.5 ในเขตดินแดง โดยใช้แบบจำลอง Standard k-? มีการศึกษาสองสถานการณ์ในงานวิจัยนี้ หนึ่งคือการตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของการมีทางพิเศษและการปล่อย PM2.5 ที่เกิดขึ้น อีกประการหนึ่งคือการตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของการระบาดของโรค COVID-19 ที่ส่งผลกระทบต่อปริมาณการจราจร จากผลการจำลองแสดงให้เห็นถึงการมีอยู่ของทางพิเศษในเขตดินแดงเพิ่มความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 เมื่อมีทางพิเศษจะเพิ่มความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ขึ้นประมาณ 3.4 เท่า เมื่อเทียบกับกรณีไม่มีทางพิเศษ การระบาดของโรค COVID-19 จะส่งผลกระทบต่อความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ในระหว่างการล็อคดาวน์นั้น�ความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ลดลงประมาณ 63% เมื่อเทียบกับช่วงเวลาปกติ
{"title":"Investigation of PM2.5 Dispersion in Din Daeng District, Bangkok, Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling","authors":"Amintra Tancharoen, P. Ponpesh","doi":"10.4186/ej.2023.27.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2023.27.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Din Daeng is a small and densely populated district of Bangkok with two major expressways in the area. PM2.5�concentrations in Din Daeng district often exceed both daily and annual standards of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was applied to investigate the effects of the metropolitan characteristics and traffic volumes on the dispersion of PM2.5�in Din Daeng district. The turbulent flow was analyzed using the Standard k-? model. There are two scenarios in this simulation study. One is to investigate the consequences of having the expressways and their resulting PM2.5�emissions. The other is to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the city lockdown which affected the traffic volumes. The presence of the expressways in Din Daeng district was demonstrated to enhance PM2.5�concentrations. The presence of the expressway increased the concentration of PM2.5�by approximately 3.4 times compared to the case of no expressways.�The COVID-19 pandemic seemed to have�an impact on the concentration of PM2.5�during the city lockdown. During the city lockdown,�the concentration of PM2.5�was reduced by approximately 63% compared to the normal period.||ดินแดงเป็นเขตขนาดเล็กและมีประชากรอาศัยอย่างหนาแน่นของกรุงเทพมหานคร�ทำให้ความเข้มข้น PM2.5 ในเขตดินแดงเกินมาตรฐานรายวันและประจำปีของมาตรฐานคุณภาพอากาศ ในงานวิจัยนี้พลศาสตร์ของไหลเชิงคำนวณ (CFD) ถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อตรวจสอบผลกระทบของลักษณะเมืองและปริมาณการจราจรต่อการกระจายตัวของ PM2.5 ในเขตดินแดง โดยใช้แบบจำลอง Standard k-? มีการศึกษาสองสถานการณ์ในงานวิจัยนี้ หนึ่งคือการตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของการมีทางพิเศษและการปล่อย PM2.5 ที่เกิดขึ้น อีกประการหนึ่งคือการตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของการระบาดของโรค COVID-19 ที่ส่งผลกระทบต่อปริมาณการจราจร จากผลการจำลองแสดงให้เห็นถึงการมีอยู่ของทางพิเศษในเขตดินแดงเพิ่มความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 เมื่อมีทางพิเศษจะเพิ่มความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ขึ้นประมาณ 3.4 เท่า เมื่อเทียบกับกรณีไม่มีทางพิเศษ การระบาดของโรค COVID-19 จะส่งผลกระทบต่อความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ในระหว่างการล็อคดาวน์นั้น�ความเข้มข้นของ PM2.5 ลดลงประมาณ 63% เมื่อเทียบกับช่วงเวลาปกติ","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"189 4 Suppl 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80088227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a highly promising technique for achieving digitalization in the construction industry, widely used in modern construction projects for digitally representing facilities. Nevertheless, retains limitations in terms of representing construction operations. The digital twin concept may potentially overcome these limitations and initiate advanced digital transformation in the construction industry as it has revolutionized the product lifecycle management in the manufacturing industry. This research provides a critical review of applying digital twin in the construction industry. Altogether, 140 papers from related journals and databases were reviewed. The digital aspect of twinning consists of BIM and simulation modeling. These two techniques have been used to create virtual or digital representations of actual buildings and real-world construction processes. However, integrating and applying BIM and simulation modeling according to the digital twin concept remains to be fully studied. Comprehensive evaluations of BIM, simulation modeling, and digital twin will provide a well-defined framework for this research, to identify direction and potential for digital twin in the construction industry, thereby progressing to the next level of digitalization and improvement in construction management practice.
{"title":"A Review of Building Information Modeling and Simulation as Virtual Representations Under the Digital Twin Concept","authors":"Bunnapub Visartsakul, J. Damrianant","doi":"10.4186/ej.2023.27.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2023.27.1.11","url":null,"abstract":". Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a highly promising technique for achieving digitalization in the construction industry, widely used in modern construction projects for digitally representing facilities. Nevertheless, retains limitations in terms of representing construction operations. The digital twin concept may potentially overcome these limitations and initiate advanced digital transformation in the construction industry as it has revolutionized the product lifecycle management in the manufacturing industry. This research provides a critical review of applying digital twin in the construction industry. Altogether, 140 papers from related journals and databases were reviewed. The digital aspect of twinning consists of BIM and simulation modeling. These two techniques have been used to create virtual or digital representations of actual buildings and real-world construction processes. However, integrating and applying BIM and simulation modeling according to the digital twin concept remains to be fully studied. Comprehensive evaluations of BIM, simulation modeling, and digital twin will provide a well-defined framework for this research, to identify direction and potential for digital twin in the construction industry, thereby progressing to the next level of digitalization and improvement in construction management practice.","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"242 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75322078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.12.17
Khunnawat Ountaksinkul, Sirada Sripinun, Panut Bumphenkiattikul, A. Vongachariya, P. Praserthdam, S. Assabumrungrat
{"title":"A Review of Packed Bed Reactor and Gradient-less Recycle Reactor for Determination of Intrinsic Reaction Kinetics","authors":"Khunnawat Ountaksinkul, Sirada Sripinun, Panut Bumphenkiattikul, A. Vongachariya, P. Praserthdam, S. Assabumrungrat","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.12.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"159 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83255667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sonthipermpoon, Kwanchai Kaitong, Wikorn Punyain, Y. Phuphuak, Somchai Kongnoo
. The propos is a new design and development of an advanced separator for oil production in Thailand on a prototype scale to order to avoid deposition of sand contaminated include oil production. The novel separator was designed by installing a series of impellers along the horizontal bottom of the separator. The system was successfully implemented on the laboratory scale. A computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) model is employed to investigate the 3D hydrodynamics and flow behavior inside the separator tank modified with impellers. The CFD simulation was operated for 300 min. It could fundamentally demonstrate the flow phenomena of the crude fluids that the sand flowing out from the separator through the water outlet part depends on the accumulation of sand packing bed near the open channel of the outlet and including the effect of impeller rotation. It also shows the wave pattern of the sand outlet and the movement of the impeller did not disturb the efficiency of oil-water phase separation. In the laboratory experiments, the optimum conditions for sand separation in the water outlet part were investigated in terms of impeller sizes, the rotational speed of impellers, and the effect of duration times. The impeller sizes were compared between 3 inches and 5 inches in diameter. The results show that 5 inch-impeller is the optimum size for preventing the sand packing in this system. It was found that 200 rpm gave the most powerful speed of rotation to remove sand to the open channel. From all over the results of the CFD simulation and lab experiment, it could be concluded that the separator system with a strong rotation of impellers leads to effectively prevent sand sedimentation in the separator.
{"title":"Advanced Production Separator for Crude Oil Production in Thailand","authors":"K. Sonthipermpoon, Kwanchai Kaitong, Wikorn Punyain, Y. Phuphuak, Somchai Kongnoo","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.12.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.12.1","url":null,"abstract":". The propos is a new design and development of an advanced separator for oil production in Thailand on a prototype scale to order to avoid deposition of sand contaminated include oil production. The novel separator was designed by installing a series of impellers along the horizontal bottom of the separator. The system was successfully implemented on the laboratory scale. A computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) model is employed to investigate the 3D hydrodynamics and flow behavior inside the separator tank modified with impellers. The CFD simulation was operated for 300 min. It could fundamentally demonstrate the flow phenomena of the crude fluids that the sand flowing out from the separator through the water outlet part depends on the accumulation of sand packing bed near the open channel of the outlet and including the effect of impeller rotation. It also shows the wave pattern of the sand outlet and the movement of the impeller did not disturb the efficiency of oil-water phase separation. In the laboratory experiments, the optimum conditions for sand separation in the water outlet part were investigated in terms of impeller sizes, the rotational speed of impellers, and the effect of duration times. The impeller sizes were compared between 3 inches and 5 inches in diameter. The results show that 5 inch-impeller is the optimum size for preventing the sand packing in this system. It was found that 200 rpm gave the most powerful speed of rotation to remove sand to the open channel. From all over the results of the CFD simulation and lab experiment, it could be concluded that the separator system with a strong rotation of impellers leads to effectively prevent sand sedimentation in the separator.","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81419330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.29
Kewalee Asawapithulsert, A. Sutapun, Maitai Dahlan, V. Sangveraphunsiri
{"title":"A 3D End-Effector Robot for Upper Limb Functional Rehabilitation of Hemiparesis Patients","authors":"Kewalee Asawapithulsert, A. Sutapun, Maitai Dahlan, V. Sangveraphunsiri","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74895588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.55
Nithidol Kanchanaratanakorn, P. Chutima
{"title":"Opportunities and Barriers to the Adoption of Blockchain-Based Games in an Online Gaming Company in Thailand","authors":"Nithidol Kanchanaratanakorn, P. Chutima","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83542907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bread Browning Stage Classification Model using VGG-16 Transfer Learning and Fine-tuning with Small Training Dataset","authors":"Prapassorn Tantiphanwadi, K. Malithong","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90109571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.43
Ei Ei Tun, S. Aramvith
{"title":"Reducing Complexity on Coding Unit Partitioning in Video Coding: A Review","authors":"Ei Ei Tun, S. Aramvith","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88387696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.13
Nattapat Kieuvongngam, A. Sutapun, Viboon Sangeveraphunsiri
{"title":"Novel Design and Implementation of a Knee Exoskeleton for Gait Rehabilitation with Impedance Control Strategy","authors":"Nattapat Kieuvongngam, A. Sutapun, Viboon Sangeveraphunsiri","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.11.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79379750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. The assessment of flood dynamics is essential in supporting the nation and all stakeholders for the better flood management and adaptation. Climate change and hydropower dam operation pose threat to water resources in the Lower Mekong Delta. Cambodia is vulnerable to the flood impact due to its low adaptive capacity. Historically, flood has big impact on Cambodian society, economics and environment. This research was conducted by using the 2D HEC-RAS Modeling Application to study the flood dynamics under the influence of climate change, hydropower operation and irrigation expansion. The analysis is based on the observed flow and water level of 5 years from 2015 to 2019 and digital elevation model (6 m x6 m). The indices indicated satisfactory performance for the simulation model with the value of NSE between 0.78 and 0.97 and R2 between 0.80 and 0.96. The impact of climate change, hydropower operation and irrigation expansion, on the Cambodian Mekong floodplain area in forms of the flood inundation characteristics using the above well-configured hydraulic model framework. The results show that the flood extent increases around 74% in dry season and decrease around 20% in rainy season. Comparing to the baseline, the results of the scenario study suggest that the study area is likely to experience larger floodplain area in dry season (October to April), and flood extent in rainy season is lesser (May to October). The simulated results will provide important hydraulic information to respond to the future change of flood extent. The increase of water level in the dry season will provide water availability in the water supply sector and agriculture.
{"title":"Assessment of Flood Dynamics in Lower Mekong Delta Using Modeling Approach","authors":"Sothearoth Chea, Ratino Sith, Lengthong Kim","doi":"10.4186/ej.2022.26.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2022.26.10.1","url":null,"abstract":". The assessment of flood dynamics is essential in supporting the nation and all stakeholders for the better flood management and adaptation. Climate change and hydropower dam operation pose threat to water resources in the Lower Mekong Delta. Cambodia is vulnerable to the flood impact due to its low adaptive capacity. Historically, flood has big impact on Cambodian society, economics and environment. This research was conducted by using the 2D HEC-RAS Modeling Application to study the flood dynamics under the influence of climate change, hydropower operation and irrigation expansion. The analysis is based on the observed flow and water level of 5 years from 2015 to 2019 and digital elevation model (6 m x6 m). The indices indicated satisfactory performance for the simulation model with the value of NSE between 0.78 and 0.97 and R2 between 0.80 and 0.96. The impact of climate change, hydropower operation and irrigation expansion, on the Cambodian Mekong floodplain area in forms of the flood inundation characteristics using the above well-configured hydraulic model framework. The results show that the flood extent increases around 74% in dry season and decrease around 20% in rainy season. Comparing to the baseline, the results of the scenario study suggest that the study area is likely to experience larger floodplain area in dry season (October to April), and flood extent in rainy season is lesser (May to October). The simulated results will provide important hydraulic information to respond to the future change of flood extent. The increase of water level in the dry season will provide water availability in the water supply sector and agriculture.","PeriodicalId":32885,"journal":{"name":"AlKhawarizmi Engineering Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84806292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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