Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Beyond pancreatitis: An extreme lipase elevation in a post laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass","authors":"Sumawadee Boonyasurak , Panumase Hirunwidchayarat , Voraboot Taweeruthana","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 207-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on carbon dioxide embolism during laparoscopic liver resection","authors":"Zhitao Xie ,&nbsp;Weiqi Li ,&nbsp;Bingzhi Dong ,&nbsp;Zihao Huang ,&nbsp;Chenqi Jin ,&nbsp;Hong Yu ,&nbsp;Xin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is currently the first-line treatment for multiple liver diseases. Although clinical data have proven its safety and effectiveness, bleeding and carbon dioxide (CO₂) embolism are still the major complications of LLR. The objective of this review was to summarize the pathogenetic mechanism, clinical manifestations, risk factors, prophylactic measures, and treatment strategies for CO₂ embolism in LLR and propose further research directions regarding these controversial issues. A narrative review of the literature from three databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, was conducted without any date or language restrictions. The search terms included CO₂ embolism, gas embolism, laparoscopy, liver resection, and hepatectomy. The incidence of CO₂ embolism in LLR (1.2%–4.6%) is approximately 10 times greater than that in overall laparoscopic surgery (0.15%). Transesophageal echocardiogram is currently considered the gold standard for identifying CO₂ embolism. Risk factors are multifactorial and involve patient characteristics, procedural techniques, and anesthetic management. Presently, in clinical practice, a pneumoperitoneal pressure of 10–15 mmHg is typically used to balance bleeding and CO₂ embolism during LLR. The majority of observed CO₂ embolism events are benign, with no significant clinical impact on short-term or long-term outcomes. However, meticulous monitoring, timely recognition, and prompt intervention are crucial during LLR to prevent life-threatening events. Future research should further refine risk stratification, validate early detection methods, and develop standardized management protocols for CO₂ embolism in LLR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for early esophageal neoplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hur Abbas ,&nbsp;Maria Murtaza ,&nbsp;Khadija Azeem ,&nbsp;Maryam Asad ,&nbsp;Maham Shakeel ,&nbsp;Irtaza Hassan ,&nbsp;Manail Asif ,&nbsp;Haya Kashif ,&nbsp;Lia Anwar ,&nbsp;Maham Abid ,&nbsp;Hasan Anwar ,&nbsp;Hassan Ali ,&nbsp;Satesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Mahima Khatri","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a primary global health concern, ranking as the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are widely used to manage early-stage EC and Barrett’s esophagus. However, their comparative efficacy and safety remain debated. This study aims to systematically compare the safety and efficacy of ESD and EMR in the treatment of early EC and Barrett’s esophagus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to October 2024. Twenty-two studies involving 3309 patients (1425 with ESD and 1884 with EMR) met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes assessed included en bloc resection, R0 resection, curative resection, local recurrence, bleeding, perforation, and stricture formation. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% CIs were calculated via a random-effects model via RevMan 5.4.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ESD significantly outperformed EMR in en bloc resection (RR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.69–2.90; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), R0 resection (RR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.28–2.91; <em>p</em> = 0.002), and curative resection rates (RR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.52–3.46; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). ESD was associated with lower local recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (RR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06–0.30; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), whereas recurrence was greater in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (RR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.30–2.14; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). No significant difference was observed in bleeding rates; however, ESD was associated with a greater risk of perforation (RR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.31–6.60; <em>p</em> = 0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ESD is more effective than EMR in achieving complete and curative resections for early EC and SCC, particularly for lesions &gt;20 mm. However, it has a higher complication rate, especially perforation. Careful patient selection and procedural expertise are essential when choosing between the two techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 191-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally invasive management of lung metastases using robotic bronchoscopy: First French experience","authors":"Ilaria Ceccarelli ,&nbsp;Hasnain Bawaadam ,&nbsp;Christine Lorut ,&nbsp;Nouha Chaaban ,&nbsp;Marion Durand ,&nbsp;Agathe Seguin-Givelet","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing surgical training through cognitive load assessment","authors":"Yun Wu,&nbsp;Yile Zhu,&nbsp;Bin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cognitive load plays a key role in surgical education, influencing task performance and skill acquisition. This review explores three primary approaches to assessing cognitive load in the surgical context—paper-based measures, physiological measures, and performance-based measures—and highlights their relevance and applications in surgical education. Paper-based tools, such as the NASA Task Load Index and its surgical adaptation, the Surgery Task Load Index, offer simplicity but lack real-time insight. Physiological measures, including heart rate, eye tracking, and electrodermal activity, provide objective and timely data. Neuroimaging techniques, such as electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy, provide direct evidence of brain activity but face challenges such as cost and complexity. Performance-based metrics, such as secondary tasks, infer cognitive load from working memory capacity. Accurate assessment of cognitive load can improve training outcomes by adapting demands to cognitive capacity. Future directions include the development of more accurate, multimodal, and user-friendly tools for dynamic, timely assessment, ultimately advancing personalized surgical training and improving patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 161-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of outcomes in robot-assisted colon cancer surgery using Da Vinci Xi, Hugo™ RAS, and Versius®: The COMPAR-CRC multiplatform study","authors":"Corrado Pedrazzani ,&nbsp;Giulia Turri ,&nbsp;Michele Genna ,&nbsp;Alessandro Valdegamberi ,&nbsp;Andrea Ballarin ,&nbsp;Ernesto De Giulio ,&nbsp;Ruben Sciortino ,&nbsp;Simone Priolo ,&nbsp;Callisto Marco Bravi ,&nbsp;Andrea Ruzzenente","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Since the introduction of the Da Vinci® robotic system, robot-assisted colon resection has gained popularity because of its the potential technical advantages. Recently, two new CE-marked platforms have become available in Europe: Hugo™ RAS and Versius®. We present the first prospective case series comparing these three robotic systems.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This exploratory, prospective study enrolled 45 consecutive adult patients undergoing robotic colon resection between February and December 2024, as part of the COMPAR trial. Two experienced colorectal surgeons performed all procedures across two surgical units. Each robotic platform was used in 15 cases. The primary outcomes were conversion to laparoscopy or open surgery and intra-operative complications. The secondary outcomes included post-operative recovery, oncological results, and platform-specific technical parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 66.8 years and 68.9% of patients underwent surgery for colon cancer. No conversions occurred in the Da Vinci group, whereas 2 and 3 conversions to laparoscopy were recorded with Hugo™ RAS and Versius®, respectively. One intra-operative instrument malfunction occurred with Hugo™ RAS, and one surgical complication was reported in each group. No significant differences emerged in post-operative recovery or oncological outcomes. Versius® cases required more frequent use of laparoscopic energy devices (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Hugo™ RAS was associated with a longer total operating room time (<em>p</em> = 0.022) and longer incision length (<em>p</em> = 0.005).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Robotic colorectal surgery with all three platforms is feasible when performed by expert surgeons. While early outcomes are encouraging, larger comparative trials are needed to confirm differences in recovery and oncological efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-guided prevention and management of low anterior resection syndrome: Development of an XGBoost prediction model and validation via SHAP","authors":"Yangtao Pan ,&nbsp;Chaojie Huang ,&nbsp;Xinjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhentian Xu ,&nbsp;Bingjun Bai ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Weifeng Lao","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Colorectal cancer is among the top three cancers in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Although laparoscopic and robotic-assisted sphincter-preserving surgeries reduce permanent colostomy rates to under 20%, 60%–80% of patients develop postoperative low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), nearly half of whom progress to major LARS. This study aims to develop a high-precision machine learning model for predicting LARS, thereby optimizing the early identification, prevention, and management of major LARS in rectal cancer patients, providing a reliable tool for personalized clinical decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study screened 3,986 rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic and robotic-assisted sphincter-preserving surgeries from January 2012 to January 2022. Key predictors were identified via LASSO regression to develop an XGBoost machine learning model for major LARS prediction, which was validated via SHapley additive exPlanations (SHAP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The XGBoost model achieved 93% accuracy for major LARS prediction, with 84% precision, 74% recall, and an F1 score of 0.78, outperforming POLARS (69% accuracy, 82% precision, 36% recall, F1 score of 0.5). SHAP analysis confirmed that tumor height was the strongest predictor, followed by age at surgery, stoma status, preoperative radiotherapy, and gender. The model enabled real-time risk stratification, reducing overtreatment in non-LARS and minor LARS patients in clinical application. The model has been integrated into a user-friendly offline software (XGBoostLARS) and has been applied to the early clinical identification, prediction, and management of LARS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This high-precision XGBoost model optimizes the early identification, prevention, and management of major LARS, leading to new progress in personalized treatment for rectal cancer survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility and early outcomes of fully robotic recipient adult living donor liver transplantation: A narrative review","authors":"Ahmad Mahamid","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robotic surgery has emerged as a new frontier in liver transplantation. Given the novelty of its application to recipient procedures, a comprehensive overview is crucial. This narrative review synthesizes the fragmented, foundational data on fully robotic recipient adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) on the basis of an appraisal of initial case reports and preliminary comparative studies. The literature was identified via PubMed. The literature demonstrates the technical feasibility and favorable safety profile of the robotic approach. A significant reduction in morbidity was observed, as evidenced by a lower comprehensive complication index, reduced blood loss and transfusion need, and a lower incidence of postoperative infections. These benefits were reflected in significantly shorter intensive care unit and hospital stays. While the robotic approach was associated with prolonged operative and ischemia times, the studies revealed that these approaches did not compromise outcomes, with higher 6-month recipient survival noted in the robotic group. Fully robotic recipient LDLT is a groundbreaking technique, although the current evidence consists of initial case reports and non-randomized comparative data from a single center. The available literature suggests a promising safety profile and significant short-term benefits, but these preliminary findings require validation through multicenter, high-level research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 166-170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended-view totally extraperitoneal approach for midline primary and incisional ventral hernia repair: Initial results and experience from a single institution in Vietnam","authors":"Van Phu La ,&nbsp;Vinh Phuc La ,&nbsp;Hai Duong Tong ,&nbsp;Minh Dien Tran ,&nbsp;Tuan Tu Duong ,&nbsp;Vimal Kumar Vasudeavan ,&nbsp;Hadinata Prana ,&nbsp;Anh Vu Doan","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Abdominal wall hernias, particularly midline primary and incisional types, represent a common and challenging surgical condition. The extended-view totally extraperitoneal (e-TEP) technique has recently been adapted for ventral hernia repair, offering potential advantages over other approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the initial outcomes and institutional experience of the e-TEP technique for midline primary and incisional ventral hernia repair at a tertiary center in Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective descriptive study was conducted on 65 patients with midline primary or incisional ventral hernias who underwent e-TEP repair between June 2022 and August 2024. All procedures were performed by two experienced surgeons at the Department of General Surgery, Can Tho General Hospital, Vietnam. Follow-up continued until February 2025. Data were collected and analyzed on demographics, clinical characteristics, surgical details, postoperative outcomes, and recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 65 patients, with a mean age of 57.9 ± 12.6 years, a mean BMI of 25.0 ± 3.3 kg/m², and 47 (72.3%) female, were included. The types of hernias included primary hernias in 63.1% (41 patients) and incisional hernias in 36.9% (24 patients). Among the incisional hernias, 3 cases were recurrences. The median defect area was 9 cm² (range, 1–50 cm²). A 15 cm × 15 cm mesh was used in nearly all cases (98.5%). The mean operating time was 131.9 ± 51.8 min, with no conversions to open repair or other procedures, and no intraoperative complications were observed. Nine patients (13%) experienced postoperative complications, with seroma being the most common (5 cases). Two patients sustained intestinal injuries that required reoperation, one developed a wound infection and one reported postoperative skin paresthesia. The mean visual analogue scale pain scores at postoperative 24 hours, 48 hours, and at discharge were 4.3 ± 1.3, 3.0 ± 1.5, and 1.0 ± 0.4, respectively. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.52 ± 2.24 d. Only one case of recurrence (1.5%) was observed, and no patient reported chronic pain during the mean follow-up period of 14.5 ± 7.6 m.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The e-TEP technique for midline primary and incisional ventral hernia repair is a feasible and safe option when performed by experienced surgeons. It offers a low rate of complications, short hospital stay, and minimal recurrence rates. This technique can be considered a viable alternative for the management of midline ventral hernias, with promising short-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cost–efficiency of preoperative phenazopyridine use in ureteral jet visualization at time of cystoscopy following minimally invasive hysterectomy","authors":"Caitlin H. Waters ,&nbsp;Maame Yaa Brako ,&nbsp;Heidi Preis ,&nbsp;Lokesh Patil ,&nbsp;Nicole Massad ,&nbsp;Jennifer Blaber ,&nbsp;Sara Kim ,&nbsp;Xun Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lers.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the impact of planned preoperative phenazopyridine administration on operative times and costs compared with as-needed intravenous agent use during routine cystoscopy following minimally invasive hysterectomy for benign indications.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This prospective cohort study examined patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted total or supracervical hysterectomy for benign indications between January 27, 2023 and March 11, 2024, with one of our minimally invasive gynecologic surgeons at Stony Brook University Hospital. Patients were assigned to the non-phenazopyridine group or the phenazopyridine group. The time needed to visualize the ureteral jets during cystoscopy and the total surgery duration were recorded. A cost analysis was then performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 106 patients were included, with 53 patients in each group. Compared with the non-phenazopyridine group, the phenazopyridine group had significantly shorter times from the start of cystoscopy to visualization of the first ureteral jet (31 s vs. 42 s, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). However, there were no significant differences observed for visualization of the second jet, total jet time, or surgery duration. Two patients in the non-phenazopyridine group required the administration of intravenous agents intraoperatively. Routine phenazopyridine was found to be more cost-efficient when medication costs and operative times were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Routine phenazopyridine use does not significantly shorten overall cystoscopy times, but it is the more cost-efficient option given increased rates of costly intravenous medication use in the non-phenazopyridine group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":32893,"journal":{"name":"Laparoscopic Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}