Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(12)
Lara B. Yasir, B. S. A. Almaliky
This study was conducted at the University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/Department of Plant Protection for the period 2021-2022, with the aim of isolating and diagnosing the pathogens that cause root rot and wilt disease on Catharanthus roseus in different areas of Baghdad, and conducting an integrated control of the pathogen using biological and chemical control. The results of isolation and identification the presence of 4 types of fungi accompanying plants: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. equiseti and Rhizoctonia solani in different nurseries in Baghdad regions, and the most frequent species were the species F. solani, F. equiseta (FeL1), The results of the antagonism test showed that the commercial preparation of Trichoderma harzianum had a high antagonistic ability against FeL1 on the PDA medium. The results also showed that the use of Beltanol at concentrations (50, 100, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000) mg/L led to a 100% inhibition of the growth FeL1 for concentrations, compared to the control treatment without fungicide on PDA in which the inhibition rate was 0.00%, and the use of Beltanol at a concentration of (50) mg/L did not have a significant effect on the T. harzianum with significant differences from the rest of the concentrations used in the test, as well as the results of the effect of the efficiency of the T. harzianum and the Beltanol alone and their interactions in combating the disease under the conditions of the greenhouse and the nursery showed that All treatments led to a decrease in the rate and severity of infection with the pathogenic F. equiseti and an increase in the fresh and dry weight of the vegetative and root total of seedlings of the dwarf variety.
{"title":"INTEGRATED CONTROL OF ROOT ROT AND WILT DISEASE ON CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS USING BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CONTROL","authors":"Lara B. Yasir, B. S. A. Almaliky","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(12)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(12)","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at the University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/Department of Plant Protection for the period 2021-2022, with the aim of isolating and diagnosing the pathogens that cause root rot and wilt disease on Catharanthus roseus in different areas of Baghdad, and conducting an integrated control of the pathogen using biological and chemical control. The results of isolation and identification the presence of 4 types of fungi accompanying plants: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. equiseti and Rhizoctonia solani in different nurseries in Baghdad regions, and the most frequent species were the species F. solani, F. equiseta (FeL1), The results of the antagonism test showed that the commercial preparation of Trichoderma harzianum had a high antagonistic ability against FeL1 on the PDA medium. The results also showed that the use of Beltanol at concentrations (50, 100, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000) mg/L led to a 100% inhibition of the growth FeL1 for concentrations, compared to the control treatment without fungicide on PDA in which the inhibition rate was 0.00%, and the use of Beltanol at a concentration of (50) mg/L did not have a significant effect on the T. harzianum with significant differences from the rest of the concentrations used in the test, as well as the results of the effect of the efficiency of the T. harzianum and the Beltanol alone and their interactions in combating the disease under the conditions of the greenhouse and the nursery showed that All treatments led to a decrease in the rate and severity of infection with the pathogenic F. equiseti and an increase in the fresh and dry weight of the vegetative and root total of seedlings of the dwarf variety.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42851326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(14)
Hussen Ali Nnoor Al-Mosawy, A. M. Shaban
The research deals with the role of leadership and effective strategic planning for news managers in radio and television in enhancing performance and raising the efficiency of newsroom workers. Leadership in establishing a culture of creativity, and the study was conducted on a sample of (123) workers in media institutions operating in Iraq and registered with the Media and Communication Commission. Respondents, as for the axis of measuring and managing creativity and raising efficiency by the administration of newsrooms, which encourages individual work and the participation of cadres in making decisions and developing creative ideas, the measurement ratio between two categories is large and very large, and the measurement of the third axis related to establishing a culture of creativity The goal of effective change is large, especially with regard to building a work environment conducive to creativity and encouraging freedom of opinion at an average rate.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP AND EFFECTIVE STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR NEWS MANAGERS IN RADIO AND TELEVISION IN ENHANCING PERFORMANCE AND RAISING THE EFFICIENCY OF WORKERS IN NEWSROOMS","authors":"Hussen Ali Nnoor Al-Mosawy, A. M. Shaban","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(14)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(14)","url":null,"abstract":"The research deals with the role of leadership and effective strategic planning for news managers in radio and television in enhancing performance and raising the efficiency of newsroom workers. Leadership in establishing a culture of creativity, and the study was conducted on a sample of (123) workers in media institutions operating in Iraq and registered with the Media and Communication Commission. Respondents, as for the axis of measuring and managing creativity and raising efficiency by the administration of newsrooms, which encourages individual work and the participation of cadres in making decisions and developing creative ideas, the measurement ratio between two categories is large and very large, and the measurement of the third axis related to establishing a culture of creativity The goal of effective change is large, especially with regard to building a work environment conducive to creativity and encouraging freedom of opinion at an average rate.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42390130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(16)
Alaa Majed Hussain, Adawiya Sajid Mustafa AL-Rawi
A laboratory experiment was carried out in the laboratories of (Seed Examination and Certification Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Postgraduate Laboratories- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad) in 2021-2022, to determine the best combination of acadian concentration (seaweed extract) 0, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg/L , under three levels of salt stress 5, 10 and 15 dS/m as well as control treatment through traits of seedlings of wheat (cv. Tammuz). A factorial experiment was applied according to a completely randomized design with three repetitions. The seed soaking treatment was superior to the concentration 2500 mg/L in the first count, final count, radicle length, stalk length, seedling strength index, and seedling dry weight. The salt tensile level 15 dS/m negatively affected the averages of all studied traits. The combination 5 dS/m × 2500 mg/L recorded a significant superiority in (first count, radicle length, stalk length, seedling strength index). A combination of 0 NaCl × 2500 mg/L significantly in the final count.
{"title":"ESPONSE OF SOAKING WITH (ACADIAN) ON SEED VIGOR OF WHEAT UNDER SALT STRESS","authors":"Alaa Majed Hussain, Adawiya Sajid Mustafa AL-Rawi","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(16)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(16)","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory experiment was carried out in the laboratories of (Seed Examination and Certification Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Postgraduate Laboratories- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad) in 2021-2022, to determine the best combination of acadian concentration (seaweed extract) 0, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg/L , under three levels of salt stress 5, 10 and 15 dS/m as well as control treatment through traits of seedlings of wheat (cv. Tammuz). A factorial experiment was applied according to a completely randomized design with three repetitions. The seed soaking treatment was superior to the concentration 2500 mg/L in the first count, final count, radicle length, stalk length, seedling strength index, and seedling dry weight. The salt tensile level 15 dS/m negatively affected the averages of all studied traits. The combination 5 dS/m × 2500 mg/L recorded a significant superiority in (first count, radicle length, stalk length, seedling strength index). A combination of 0 NaCl × 2500 mg/L significantly in the final count.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47385117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(8)
Ali Nasser Ali Al-aamel, B. Al-maliky
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the biological control activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens PO2 and chelated iron Fe-EDDHA (Fe) at a concentration of 0.5% and the interaction between them for inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum Fo6 on pepper. In vitro, PO2 significantly inhibited the growth of Fo6 with an inhibition rate of 83.33% compared with control, and chelated iron caused a significant decrease for Fo6 with an inhibition rate 66.67% compared with control, while was not affecting the growth of PO2. The results of the pot experiment showed that the treatment (Fo6+PO2+Fe) showed a highest significant difference in reducing the disease incidence and disease severity which amounted to 6.67% compared with control (Pathogen only) (100, 85)% respectively. Also, the treatment (PO2+Fe without the pathogen) was increased the total fresh root and vegetative weight (46.17, 136.8) g respectively and was increase in the dry root and vegetative weight as reached (4.87, 10.07) g respectively compared with control (not inoculated plants) which amounted (12.1, 75.67, 1.83, 5.33) g respectively. In greenhouse experiment the results showed the excellence of the treatment (Fo6+PO2+Fe) in reducing the incidence of infection, which amounted to 10% and the severity of injury amounted to 5.83% compared with the control which recorder to (100, 74)% respectively, as well showed a significant increase in the iron percentage due to response of plant for adding chelated iron into roots with significant differences between treatments. Depending on the results, the use of P. fluorescens with chelated iron can be recommended to control pepper wilt disease caused by F. oxysporum.
{"title":"EFFICACY OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AND IRON CHELATED FE-EDDHA AGAINST FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. THE CAUSAL AGENT OF ROOT ROT AND WILT DISEASE ON PEPPER","authors":"Ali Nasser Ali Al-aamel, B. Al-maliky","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(8)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(8)","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate the biological control activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens PO2 and chelated iron Fe-EDDHA (Fe) at a concentration of 0.5% and the interaction between them for inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum Fo6 on pepper. In vitro, PO2 significantly inhibited the growth of Fo6 with an inhibition rate of 83.33% compared with control, and chelated iron caused a significant decrease for Fo6 with an inhibition rate 66.67% compared with control, while was not affecting the growth of PO2. The results of the pot experiment showed that the treatment (Fo6+PO2+Fe) showed a highest significant difference in reducing the disease incidence and disease severity which amounted to 6.67% compared with control (Pathogen only) (100, 85)% respectively. Also, the treatment (PO2+Fe without the pathogen) was increased the total fresh root and vegetative weight (46.17, 136.8) g respectively and was increase in the dry root and vegetative weight as reached (4.87, 10.07) g respectively compared with control (not inoculated plants) which amounted (12.1, 75.67, 1.83, 5.33) g respectively. In greenhouse experiment the results showed the excellence of the treatment (Fo6+PO2+Fe) in reducing the incidence of infection, which amounted to 10% and the severity of injury amounted to 5.83% compared with the control which recorder to (100, 74)% respectively, as well showed a significant increase in the iron percentage due to response of plant for adding chelated iron into roots with significant differences between treatments. Depending on the results, the use of P. fluorescens with chelated iron can be recommended to control pepper wilt disease caused by F. oxysporum.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(9)
Alaa Raad Mousa, A. K. Hassan
This study was initiated to assess the efficacy of some biological materials separately or mixed to control Rhizoctonia root rot disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. In vitro efficacy assessment showed; glutathione could inhabit fungal growth up to 100% at concentration 3000 mg/L. Whereas, the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense scored 78.63% inhibitory at 10-5 concentration. The fungal bio-agent Trichoderma viride scored 1.33 highest antagonistic activity 5 days of inoculation on PDA medium. Under greenhouse conditions, (Tr + Az + G+ R. solani) and (Tr + G+ R. solani) combination treatments could decrease R.solani infectivity and disease severity up to 0.00% compared to 73.33 and 68.33% for control treatment, respectively. Similarly, these two treatments could induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR) when scored the highest polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity 6 and 12d of pathogenic fungus inoculation compared to healthy control. They scored 82.14 and 67.07, 78.12 and 65.33 absorbance increase rate (AIR)/min/g fresh leaf weight, respectively, compared to 41.67, 40.08 for AIR/min/g fresh leaf weight, respectively, for healthy control. Amongst other treatments, (Az + R.solani) scored 11.553% highest protein content compared to 9.433% for healthy control.
{"title":"INDUCING SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE IN PEPPER PLANTS AGAINST RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI","authors":"Alaa Raad Mousa, A. K. Hassan","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(9)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(9)","url":null,"abstract":"This study was initiated to assess the efficacy of some biological materials separately or mixed to control Rhizoctonia root rot disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. In vitro efficacy assessment showed; glutathione could inhabit fungal growth up to 100% at concentration 3000 mg/L. Whereas, the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense scored 78.63% inhibitory at 10-5 concentration. The fungal bio-agent Trichoderma viride scored 1.33 highest antagonistic activity 5 days of inoculation on PDA medium. Under greenhouse conditions, (Tr + Az + G+ R. solani) and (Tr + G+ R. solani) combination treatments could decrease R.solani infectivity and disease severity up to 0.00% compared to 73.33 and 68.33% for control treatment, respectively. Similarly, these two treatments could induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR) when scored the highest polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity 6 and 12d of pathogenic fungus inoculation compared to healthy control. They scored 82.14 and 67.07, 78.12 and 65.33 absorbance increase rate (AIR)/min/g fresh leaf weight, respectively, compared to 41.67, 40.08 for AIR/min/g fresh leaf weight, respectively, for healthy control. Amongst other treatments, (Az + R.solani) scored 11.553% highest protein content compared to 9.433% for healthy control.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(13)
Ali Kadhim Jabir Al-Awabid, S. T. A. Yass
This study was conducted in the plastic house of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the University of Baghdad to evaluate the activity of Hirsutella sp. fungus and Nematode Verox against Meloidogyne spp. causative agent of root knots in Fig seedlings. Treatment of Meloidogyne spp. eggs with Hirsutella sp. at 20ml/L and with Verox at 2g/L caused significant inhibition in eggs hatching after 3,5 and 7 d. The number of non- hatching eggs were 96.70, 54.00and 29.30 eggs respectively in petri plates treated with Hirsutella sp., 106.70, 60.00and 46.00 eggs respectively in petri plates treated with Verox compared with 116.70, 111.00and96.00 eggs respectively in control. The treatment caused significant inhibition of juvenile-2 at the same periods. The number of juvenile-2 were 123.30, 114.00and 109.30 petri plates treated with Hirsutella sp at 20ml/L110.00, 63.00 and 26.70 in seedlings treated with Verox at 2g/L compared with 136.70, 132.00and120.00 in control after 3,5 and 7 d respectively. High significant reduction in root knots index and disease severity were observed in seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp. and Verox, 2.00 and 1.33% compared with 3.33 and 3.32% in control respectively. Significant increase in Phenylalanine Ammonia– Lyase and Chitinase activity induced in Fig seedling treated with Hirsutella sp. and Verox. PAL activity attained to 17.43and19.23 and 18.85 mg cinnamic acid/h/g fresh weight in seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp.16.76, 18.56and 18.05 mg cinnamic acid/ h /g fresh weight in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 15.30, 17.13and 15.74 mg cinnamic acid /h/g fresh weight in control after 3,5and 7 d respectively. The treatment induced significant increase in nitrogen and potassium in the leaves, Nitrogen and potassium percentage were attained to 7.619% and 2.120% in seedling treated with Hirsutella sp. 3.558%and 2.080% in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 2.858% and 1.820% in control respectively. Significant increase in leaf area and in seedlings height were observed in treated seedlings, 157.467 cm²and2.667 cm in seedling treated with Hirsutella sp, 134.687 cm2and 3.837 cm in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 105.883 cm2and 0.662 cm in control respectively. The treatment of Fig seedlings with Hirsutella sp and Verox induced significant increase in leaf chlorophyll content, foliage fresh weight, root fresh weight, foliage dry weight that attained to 37.17, 44.67, 60.63, 16.90 and 17.2ag respectively in Seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp, 35.83 , 44.33 , 52.50, 14.63 and 19.20g respectively in seedling treated with Verox, compared with 30.90, 28.57, 39.00 ,11.63 and 12.07g in control respectively.
{"title":"EVALUATION THE ACTIVITY OF HIRSUTELLA SP. FUNGUS AND THE NEMATICIDE VEROX TO CONTROL ROOT KNOTS NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE SPP. ON FIG SEEDLINGS","authors":"Ali Kadhim Jabir Al-Awabid, S. T. A. Yass","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(13)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(13)","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the plastic house of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the University of Baghdad to evaluate the activity of Hirsutella sp. fungus and Nematode Verox against Meloidogyne spp. causative agent of root knots in Fig seedlings. Treatment of Meloidogyne spp. eggs with Hirsutella sp. at 20ml/L and with Verox at 2g/L caused significant inhibition in eggs hatching after 3,5 and 7 d. The number of non- hatching eggs were 96.70, 54.00and 29.30 eggs respectively in petri plates treated with Hirsutella sp., 106.70, 60.00and 46.00 eggs respectively in petri plates treated with Verox compared with 116.70, 111.00and96.00 eggs respectively in control. The treatment caused significant inhibition of juvenile-2 at the same periods. The number of juvenile-2 were 123.30, 114.00and 109.30 petri plates treated with Hirsutella sp at 20ml/L110.00, 63.00 and 26.70 in seedlings treated with Verox at 2g/L compared with 136.70, 132.00and120.00 in control after 3,5 and 7 d respectively. High significant reduction in root knots index and disease severity were observed in seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp. and Verox, 2.00 and 1.33% compared with 3.33 and 3.32% in control respectively. Significant increase in Phenylalanine Ammonia– Lyase and Chitinase activity induced in Fig seedling treated with Hirsutella sp. and Verox. PAL activity attained to 17.43and19.23 and 18.85 mg cinnamic acid/h/g fresh weight in seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp.16.76, 18.56and 18.05 mg cinnamic acid/ h /g fresh weight in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 15.30, 17.13and 15.74 mg cinnamic acid /h/g fresh weight in control after 3,5and 7 d respectively. The treatment induced significant increase in nitrogen and potassium in the leaves, Nitrogen and potassium percentage were attained to 7.619% and 2.120% in seedling treated with Hirsutella sp. 3.558%and 2.080% in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 2.858% and 1.820% in control respectively. Significant increase in leaf area and in seedlings height were observed in treated seedlings, 157.467 cm²and2.667 cm in seedling treated with Hirsutella sp, 134.687 cm2and 3.837 cm in seedlings treated with Verox compared with 105.883 cm2and 0.662 cm in control respectively. The treatment of Fig seedlings with Hirsutella sp and Verox induced significant increase in leaf chlorophyll content, foliage fresh weight, root fresh weight, foliage dry weight that attained to 37.17, 44.67, 60.63, 16.90 and 17.2ag respectively in Seedlings treated with Hirsutella sp, 35.83 , 44.33 , 52.50, 14.63 and 19.20g respectively in seedling treated with Verox, compared with 30.90, 28.57, 39.00 ,11.63 and 12.07g in control respectively.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49171878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(18)
Rasol Hassan Nemr, W. F. Hammood
A field experiment was carried out during the winter season for the year 2021-2022 at the Agricultural Research Station A of the Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- University of Baghdad/ Al-Jadriya. To determine which of the plant densities has the most influence on the weeds associated with the flax crop (Syrian local variety). And to determine the best effect of the Johnson grass (sorghum halepance L.) weed extract, whether alone or in combination with the used Quizalofop- p- Tefuryl herbicide, and to use it in integratTed weed control programs to reduce dependence on herbicides in weed control, Reduce environmental pollution by these herbicides, According to the design of the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). In the order of split plot and with three replications, Such as the first factor, the distance between the row (20, 25, and 30) cm that represents the main plots. Then, the second factor is Control treatments which represent the subplots, (weed free (T1), application Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl at a rate of 2 mL commercial substance (T2), Recommended application rate, Johnson grass extract (stem and leaves) at a rate of 18 L (T3), half the amount of herbicide + half the amount of extract (T4), weedy (T5)). The results showed the following: The distance of 20 cm achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed and the highest average inhibition of 134.57 g/m2 and 49.91%, respectively. While the distance of 30 cm achieved the highest plant height of 78.63 cm, the highest number of main branches in the plant amounted to 5.162 branch/ plant. The highest weight Dry flax plants amounted to 355.21 g/m2. Moreover, the highest percentage of oil was 38.524%. The treatment (T2) achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed and the highest percentage of inhibition amounting to 138.87 g/m2 and 49.91%, respectively. The highest plant height reached 76.92 cm, the highest number of main branches in the plant amounted to 5.158 branch/ plant, and the highest dry weight of flax plants reached 5.158 branch/ plant. 398.61 g/m2 and the highest percentage of oil was 37.35%. The effect of the interaction between the two study factors was significant in most of the traits under study. As the distance of 20 cm with the T2 treatment achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed amounted to 124.53 g/m2 and the highest inhibition rate of 52.35%. While the interaction between the distance of 30 cm and T2 achieved the highest plant height of 80.04 cm, the highest average number of main branches reached 5.833 branch/ plant, and the highest dry weight of flax plants reached 398.61 g/m2 and achieved the highest percentage of oil amounted to 39.847%.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF FIELD DISTRIBUTION OF FLAX, JOHNSON GRASS EXTRACT, AND QUIZALOFOP-P-TEFURYL ON WEED ACCOMPANYING AND SOME GROWTH INDICATORS","authors":"Rasol Hassan Nemr, W. F. Hammood","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(18)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(18)","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out during the winter season for the year 2021-2022 at the Agricultural Research Station A of the Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- University of Baghdad/ Al-Jadriya. To determine which of the plant densities has the most influence on the weeds associated with the flax crop (Syrian local variety). And to determine the best effect of the Johnson grass (sorghum halepance L.) weed extract, whether alone or in combination with the used Quizalofop- p- Tefuryl herbicide, and to use it in integratTed weed control programs to reduce dependence on herbicides in weed control, Reduce environmental pollution by these herbicides, According to the design of the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). In the order of split plot and with three replications, Such as the first factor, the distance between the row (20, 25, and 30) cm that represents the main plots. Then, the second factor is Control treatments which represent the subplots, (weed free (T1), application Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl at a rate of 2 mL commercial substance (T2), Recommended application rate, Johnson grass extract (stem and leaves) at a rate of 18 L (T3), half the amount of herbicide + half the amount of extract (T4), weedy (T5)). The results showed the following: The distance of 20 cm achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed and the highest average inhibition of 134.57 g/m2 and 49.91%, respectively. While the distance of 30 cm achieved the highest plant height of 78.63 cm, the highest number of main branches in the plant amounted to 5.162 branch/ plant. The highest weight Dry flax plants amounted to 355.21 g/m2. Moreover, the highest percentage of oil was 38.524%. The treatment (T2) achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed and the highest percentage of inhibition amounting to 138.87 g/m2 and 49.91%, respectively. The highest plant height reached 76.92 cm, the highest number of main branches in the plant amounted to 5.158 branch/ plant, and the highest dry weight of flax plants reached 5.158 branch/ plant. 398.61 g/m2 and the highest percentage of oil was 37.35%. The effect of the interaction between the two study factors was significant in most of the traits under study. As the distance of 20 cm with the T2 treatment achieved the lowest dry weight of the weed amounted to 124.53 g/m2 and the highest inhibition rate of 52.35%. While the interaction between the distance of 30 cm and T2 achieved the highest plant height of 80.04 cm, the highest average number of main branches reached 5.833 branch/ plant, and the highest dry weight of flax plants reached 398.61 g/m2 and achieved the highest percentage of oil amounted to 39.847%.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48343555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(7)
O. Alani, Hanan Essa Al Mashhdani
Between October 15, 2021, and November 26, 2021, this study was carried out in the broiler field at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad in Abu Ghraib to examine the effects of adding various dosages of onion powder, "Allium cepa linn", to broiler chicks' diets on the physiological characteristics. The experiment employed 225 unsexed (Ross 308) one-day-old broiler chicks with an average weight of 40g. A total of 225 chicks were divided into 5 treatments by three replicates in each treatment with 15 chicks per replicate randomly. The experimental treatments were as follows: The chicks were first fed starter ration from one day old to 21 d old, after which they were fed a finisher diet from 22 to 42 d old. The treatments were described as T1 (control treatment): basal diet without onion powder addition, T2: basal diet with 2g/kg of onion powder/kg of feed, T3: basal diet with …….. 4g/kg of feed of onion powder as part of the T3 treatment. Both the T4 treatment and the T5 treatment added onion powder at rates of 6g and 8g per kilogram of feed, respectively. The experiments findings suggested the following: There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of serum cholesterol concentration for the T2 treatment compared to that of the T1 controlled treatment. However, the T2 treatment did not differ significantly with the T3, T4 and T5 treatments. When comparing the level of the liver enzymes AST and ALT for the T5 treatment to that of the T1 controlled treatment, there was a significant improvement (P<0.05). While there was little difference between the T5 treatment and the T2, T3, and T4 treatments.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ADDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ONION (Allium cepa linn) POWDER TO BROILER DIETS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS","authors":"O. Alani, Hanan Essa Al Mashhdani","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(7)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(7)","url":null,"abstract":"Between October 15, 2021, and November 26, 2021, this study was carried out in the broiler field at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad in Abu Ghraib to examine the effects of adding various dosages of onion powder, \"Allium cepa linn\", to broiler chicks' diets on the physiological characteristics. The experiment employed 225 unsexed (Ross 308) one-day-old broiler chicks with an average weight of 40g. A total of 225 chicks were divided into 5 treatments by three replicates in each treatment with 15 chicks per replicate randomly. The experimental treatments were as follows: The chicks were first fed starter ration from one day old to 21 d old, after which they were fed a finisher diet from 22 to 42 d old. The treatments were described as T1 (control treatment): basal diet without onion powder addition, T2: basal diet with 2g/kg of onion powder/kg of feed, T3: basal diet with …….. 4g/kg of feed of onion powder as part of the T3 treatment. Both the T4 treatment and the T5 treatment added onion powder at rates of 6g and 8g per kilogram of feed, respectively. The experiments findings suggested the following: There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of serum cholesterol concentration for the T2 treatment compared to that of the T1 controlled treatment. However, the T2 treatment did not differ significantly with the T3, T4 and T5 treatments. When comparing the level of the liver enzymes AST and ALT for the T5 treatment to that of the T1 controlled treatment, there was a significant improvement (P<0.05). While there was little difference between the T5 treatment and the T2, T3, and T4 treatments.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44781573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc115.1.2023.(1)
H. Al-hamdani, Sundus H. Ahamed
The controversy is currently revolving around industrial additives, including antioxidants, their negative effects on consumer health and the emergence of various and various diseases, which led scientists and researchers to intensify most studies on natural antioxidants and their synthesis from medicinal plants mentioned in ancient medicine and in divine books as potential antioxidants of increasing importance. Therefore, this study was designed to synthesize silver nitrate particles from plant leaf extracts (Figs, Olives, and Moringa) and study their effect on bacterial inhibition of each of the undesirable Coliform bacteria (E-Coli,- gram) and the streptococcus bacteria of (Staphylococcus aureus + Gram) and antioxidants after analysis of phytochemicals and essential compounds of these plants. The results showed that it contained a high percentage of phenols and total flavonoids, followed by coumarin, then it contained good amounts of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, resins, terpenes and steroids. The study also showed a high and significant inhibition of the plant mixture nano extract on coliform bacteria, as well as streptococcus bacteria, in addition to its effectiveness as an antioxidant compared to the synthetic antioxidant Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) and the extract of the natural combination. The results of this study proved that the leaves of the plants blend (Fig, Olive and Moringa) are an excellent natural source of anti-bacterial and antioxidant effects that interfere with their effects on public health. Therefore, this botanical mixture, as mentioned in the Great Book of God (Figs, Olives, and Sennin phase) has great benefits and a promising future in several areas, including nutritional supplements and food additives for various food products instead of industrial oxidation additives and their known side effects, in addition to that this mixture has a promising future. Also in the manufacture of fast-curing Nano medicines in direct contact with pathogens. .
{"title":"PREPARATION OF A COMBINATION OF NANO- MEDICINAL PLANTS AS ANTIOXIDANTS AND MICROORGANISMS","authors":"H. Al-hamdani, Sundus H. Ahamed","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc115.1.2023.(1)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc115.1.2023.(1)","url":null,"abstract":"The controversy is currently revolving around industrial additives, including antioxidants, their negative effects on consumer health and the emergence of various and various diseases, which led scientists and researchers to intensify most studies on natural antioxidants and their synthesis from medicinal plants mentioned in ancient medicine and in divine books as potential antioxidants of increasing importance. Therefore, this study was designed to synthesize silver nitrate particles from plant leaf extracts (Figs, Olives, and Moringa) and study their effect on bacterial inhibition of each of the undesirable Coliform bacteria (E-Coli,- gram) and the streptococcus bacteria of (Staphylococcus aureus + Gram) and antioxidants after analysis of phytochemicals and essential compounds of these plants. The results showed that it contained a high percentage of phenols and total flavonoids, followed by coumarin, then it contained good amounts of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, resins, terpenes and steroids. The study also showed a high and significant inhibition of the plant mixture nano extract on coliform bacteria, as well as streptococcus bacteria, in addition to its effectiveness as an antioxidant compared to the synthetic antioxidant Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) and the extract of the natural combination. The results of this study proved that the leaves of the plants blend (Fig, Olive and Moringa) are an excellent natural source of anti-bacterial and antioxidant effects that interfere with their effects on public health. Therefore, this botanical mixture, as mentioned in the Great Book of God (Figs, Olives, and Sennin phase) has great benefits and a promising future in several areas, including nutritional supplements and food additives for various food products instead of industrial oxidation additives and their known side effects, in addition to that this mixture has a promising future. Also in the manufacture of fast-curing Nano medicines in direct contact with pathogens. .","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49166057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(4)
R. A. Aziz
The research included the isolation of 12 bacterial isolates from stool samples of children with acute watery and bloody diarrhea under the age of five years, as it was possible to obtain 6 isolates of Escherichia coli, 3 isolates of Salmonella typhimurium, and 3 isolates of Shigella flexneri. Vitek2 system, and the inhibitory activity of lactoferrin and killer toxin produced from S. cerevisiae against pathogenic bacteria was studied by the well diffusion method, as the results recorded that the killer toxin had the highest inhibitory activity towards pathological bacteria with varying results, and the lowest inhibitory concentration was determined The MIC of the lactoferrin and the killer toxin against the bacterial isolates under study using the turbidity method in the tubes. for antibiotics, as the results showed a The relationship was synergistic due to the activity of lactoferrin with killer toxin in inhibiting the action of pathogenic bacteria, whose inhibitory activity increases with increasing concentration used.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF PROTEINS PRODUCED FROM Saccharomyces cerevisiae WITH LACTOFERRIN AGAINST MULTI RESISTANT DIARRHEAL BACTERIA","authors":"R. A. Aziz","doi":"10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(4)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc15.1.2023.(4)","url":null,"abstract":"The research included the isolation of 12 bacterial isolates from stool samples of children with acute watery and bloody diarrhea under the age of five years, as it was possible to obtain 6 isolates of Escherichia coli, 3 isolates of Salmonella typhimurium, and 3 isolates of Shigella flexneri. Vitek2 system, and the inhibitory activity of lactoferrin and killer toxin produced from S. cerevisiae against pathogenic bacteria was studied by the well diffusion method, as the results recorded that the killer toxin had the highest inhibitory activity towards pathological bacteria with varying results, and the lowest inhibitory concentration was determined The MIC of the lactoferrin and the killer toxin against the bacterial isolates under study using the turbidity method in the tubes. for antibiotics, as the results showed a The relationship was synergistic due to the activity of lactoferrin with killer toxin in inhibiting the action of pathogenic bacteria, whose inhibitory activity increases with increasing concentration used.","PeriodicalId":32906,"journal":{"name":"lmjl@ l`rqy@ lbHwth lswq wHmy@ lmsthlk","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41653250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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