Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献_第5页

Nuclear receptor ERR contributes to imidacloprid resistance by upregulating cytochrome P450 in Nilaparvata lugens 核受体ERR通过上调褐飞虱细胞色素P450参与吡虫啉抗性

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104457

Woo-Ram Park , Byungyoon Choi , Nanthini Sadasivam , Hui-Jin Bae , Sunmin Kim , Eunae Kim , Hueng-Sik Choi , In-Hong Jeong , Don-Kyu Kim

Insecticides are widely used in pest control; however, the increasing development of resistance in pests poses a significant global challenge. Nuclear receptors (NRs), ligand-dependent transcription factors, regulate the expression of genes involved in diverse metabolic processes, including development, detoxification, and innate immunity. However, the role of NRs in the detoxification processes of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (N. lugens), remains poorly understood. Here, we show that estrogen-related receptor (NlERR) is a novel regulator of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes for imidacloprid (IMD) resistance in N. lugens. Interestingly, the NlERR was significantly overexpressed in IMD-resistant strains. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of NlERR-deficient N. lugens showed a positive correlation between the NlERR and the transcription of genes associated with detoxification metabolism. In addition, IMD treatment significantly increased the gene expression of phase I P450 enzymes in suspectable N. lugens, which was reversed by NlERR knockdown. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that the NlERR directly binds to the ERR-response elements on the promoter of the CYP4CE1 gene. Consequently, NlERR knockdown in IMD-resistant strains significantly reduced the survival rate following IMD treatment and decreased expression of its target genes, CYP4CE1 and CYP6CW1. Finally, silencing either CYP4CE1 or CYP6CW1 in IMD-resistant strains significantly decreased the survival rate of the strains treated with IMD treatment. These findings establish NlERR as a key genetic factor for conferring IMD resistance in the N. lugens. Selectively controlling NlERR activity with a specific modulator will provide critical insights for developing new strategies to combat insecticide resistance in the N. lugens.

杀虫剂广泛应用于害虫防治；然而，害虫抗性的日益发展对全球构成了重大挑战。核受体（NRs），配体依赖性转录因子，调节参与多种代谢过程的基因表达，包括发育、解毒和先天免疫。然而，NRs在褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens， N. lugens）解毒过程中的作用仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们发现雌激素相关受体（NlERR）是一种新的细胞色素P450 （CYP）基因的调节剂，用于吡虫啉（IMD）抗性。有趣的是，NlERR在抗imd菌株中显著过表达。对NlERR缺失的N. lugens的全基因组转录组分析显示，NlERR与解毒代谢相关基因的转录呈正相关。此外，IMD处理显著增加了可疑N. lugens中I期P450酶的基因表达，这一现象被NlERR敲低逆转。此外，染色质免疫沉淀分析证实，NlERR直接与CYP4CE1基因启动子上的err应答元件结合。因此，耐IMD菌株的NlERR敲低显著降低了IMD治疗后的存活率，并降低了其靶基因CYP4CE1和CYP6CW1的表达。最后，沉默IMD耐药菌株中的CYP4CE1或CYP6CW1显著降低了IMD处理菌株的存活率。这些研究结果表明，NlERR是赋予N. lugens对IMD抗性的关键遗传因素。用一种特定的调节剂选择性地控制NlERR活性将为开发新的策略来对抗N. lugens的杀虫剂抗性提供重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Expanded UDP-glycosyltransferase gene clusters underlie insecticide detoxification in Spodoptera frugiperda 扩展的udp -糖基转移酶基因簇是夜蛾杀虫剂解毒的基础。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104468

Yajie Kong , Xing Geng , Huiru Zhou , Xinyue Su , Kairan Zuo , Huidong Wang , Angela Hayward , Chris Bass , Shutang Zhou

As Phase II detoxification enzymes, UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the conjugation of sugar moieties to various hydrophobic xenobiotics, thereby increasing their solubility and facilitating excretion. Certain UGT gene families are often massively expanded as clusters in insect genomes, yet whether such expansions confer a preadaptive advantage for insecticide detoxification remains unclear. In this study, we employed three previously generated Spodoptera frugiperda knockout strains, in which three UGT gene clusters—comprising ten and four UGT33 genes and fifteen UGT40 genes—were deleted using CRISPR-Cas9. By comparing the insecticide susceptibility of these knockout strains to that of the background strain across six insecticides with distinct modes of action, we found that the UGT40 gene cluster contributes to tolerance to emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin. Further functional assays using transgenic Drosophila melanogaster lines overexpressing each of the 15 UGT40 genes identified five genes involved in insecticide detoxification, including four associated with emamectin benzoate (UGT40R14, UGT40F19, UGT40M10, and UGT40L10) and one (UGT40R17) with lambda-cyhalothrin. Computational modelling of protein structure and ligand binding analyses suggested that, in the case of the UGTs associated with emamectin benzoate tolerance, the main component of the insecticide, emamectin B1a, binds in a position where the key interactions are with the N-terminal domain, an orientation with the sugar acceptor and metabolic activity. Together, our results provide a systematic dissection of UGT gene cluster function in insecticide detoxification and highlight UGTs as an underappreciated but important component of metabolic resistance in agricultural pests.

作为II期解毒酶，udp -糖基转移酶（UGTs）催化糖部分与各种疏水异种生物结合，从而增加其溶解度并促进排泄。某些UGT基因家族经常在昆虫基因组中大量扩增，但这种扩增是否赋予杀虫剂解毒的预适应优势尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们使用了之前产生的三个Spodoptera frugiperda敲除菌株，其中三个UGT基因簇（包括10个和4个UGT33基因和15个UGT40基因）通过CRISPR-Cas9被删除。通过比较这些基因敲除菌株与背景菌株对六种不同作用模式杀虫剂的敏感性，我们发现UGT40基因簇有助于对甲维菌素苯甲酸酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯的耐受性。利用过表达15个UGT40基因中的每一个的转基因果蝇进行功能分析，鉴定出5个与杀虫剂解毒有关的基因，包括4个与甲维菌素苯甲酸酯相关的基因（UGT40R14、UGT40F19、UGT40M10和UGT40L10）和1个与高效氯氟氰菊酯相关的基因（UGT40R17）。蛋白质结构的计算模型和配体结合分析表明，在与emamectin benzoate耐受性相关的ugt的情况下，杀虫剂的主要成分emamectin B1a结合在与n端结构域、糖受体取向和代谢活性相关的关键相互作用位置。总之，我们的研究结果为UGT基因簇在杀虫剂解毒中的功能提供了系统的解剖，并突出了UGT作为农业害虫代谢抗性的一个未被充分认识但重要的组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Cuticular proteins: Essential molecular code for insect survival” [Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 184 (2025) 104402] “表皮蛋白：昆虫生存的基本分子密码”的勘误表[昆虫生物化学]。生物化学学报，2004(5):344 - 344。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104458

Huitang Qi, Tian Liu

引用次数: 0

Hypoxanthine accumulation caused by mutations of Bombyx mori xanthine dehydrogenase triggers female sterility 家蚕黄嘌呤脱氢酶突变引起的次黄嘌呤积累引发雌性不育。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104450

Wen-qing Lai , Zhan-peng Lu , Qiang Zhang , Zuo-min Shao , Han Gao , Xia Sun , Sheng Qin , Xue-yang Wang , Mu-wang Li

Insect reproductive capacity is a key determinant of population fitness, though its regulatory mechanisms remain limited. Here, we identified an op50 silkworm mutant (derived from p50 strain) exhibiting female-specific reproductive defects, which provided an important model for studying insect reproductive regulation mechanism. We found that Bombyx mori xanthine dehydrogenase 1 (BmXDH1) in op50 contained a single-base insertion causing premature termination, deleting 154 C-terminal amino acids and losing catalytic activity. ΔBmXDH1 mutants recapitulated the op50 phenotype with 50 % reduced oviposition and 90 % lower hatchability, attributed to severe structural impairments of the eggshell surface and egg surface pore. In addition, female reproductive defects initiated at the pupal stage, characterized by oviduct malformation and impaired oviposition. This phenotype was associated with excessive accumulation of hypoxanthine, leading to ovarian and embryonic developmental disruption, including extracellular matrix remodeling, cellular signaling pathways, and oxidative stress regulation. The results uncovered how BmXDH1 regulates hypoxanthine metabolism to control silkworm reproduction, advancing understanding of insect reproductive networks and providing targets for pest control/economic insect breeding.

昆虫的繁殖能力是种群适应性的关键决定因素，尽管其调节机制仍然有限。本研究鉴定了一种来自p50菌株的蚕op50突变体，该突变体表现出雌性特异性生殖缺陷，为研究昆虫生殖调控机制提供了重要模型。我们发现家蚕黄嘌呤脱氢酶1 （BmXDH1）在op50中含有一个单碱基插入，导致过早终止，删除154个c端氨基酸，失去催化活性。ΔBmXDH1突变体再现了op50表型，由于蛋壳表面和卵表面孔的严重结构损伤，产卵率降低50%，孵化率降低90%。此外，雌性生殖缺陷始于蛹期，其特征是输卵管畸形和产卵受损。这种表型与次黄嘌呤的过度积累有关，导致卵巢和胚胎发育中断，包括细胞外基质重塑、细胞信号通路和氧化应激调节。研究结果揭示了BmXDH1调控次黄嘌呤代谢控制家蚕繁殖的机制，促进了对昆虫生殖网络的认识，并为害虫防治/经济昆虫育种提供了靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification of cuticular protein genes in the social aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola and the functional role of PbamCPR-54 in soldier hindleg development 社会性蚜虫斑蚜表皮蛋白基因的全基因组鉴定及pbampr -54在士兵后腿发育中的功能作用

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104455

Fenglan Li, Jianjun Lu, Zhixiang Liu, Xiaolei Huang

Cuticular proteins (CPs) constitute the primary structural components of the insect cuticle and play crucial roles in cuticle formation. In the social aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola, sterile soldiers cease molting and evolve specialized defensive structures, including enlarged forelegs and elongated hindlegs, whereas normal nymphs lack these features. However, it remains unclear whether soldier caste-specific CPs are involved in regulating reproductive sterility, suppression of molting, and the formation of defensive leg structures. To explore this, we identified 89 CP genes in the P. bambucicola genome. Chromosomal mapping revealed multiple gene duplication events. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated distinct temporal expression patterns of CP genes between soldiers and normal nymphs. Cluster II genes are associated with molting and development of normal nymphs, while soldiers exhibit the opposite pattern for these genes. Cluster I genes show transient expression at the early stage of post-embryonic development in soldiers, whereas Cluster III genes maintain stable expression levels throughout postnatal development. Among these, PbamCPR-54, a pro-resilin-like gene containing the RR-2 motif, exhibits upregulated expression from 2 to 72 h during post-embryonic development of soldiers, with the highest levels detected in hindleg tissues. To investigate its function, RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown of PbamCPR-54 was performed, resulting in deformities and bending of soldier hind tibiae. Eosin Y staining further revealed that gene silencing altered the structural integrity of hindleg cuticle. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of CP genes in caste-specific development and morphological differentiation in social insects.

表皮蛋白（Cuticular proteins, CPs）是昆虫角质层的主要结构成分，在角质层的形成中起着至关重要的作用。在社会性蚜虫Pseudoregma bambucicola中，不育的士兵停止蜕皮并进化出专门的防御结构，包括扩大的前腿和延长的后腿，而正常的若虫则缺乏这些特征。然而，目前尚不清楚士兵种姓特异性CPs是否参与调节生殖不育、抑制换毛和防御性腿部结构的形成。为了探究这一点，我们鉴定了bambuicola疟原虫基因组中的89个CP基因。染色体作图显示多个基因重复事件。转录组学分析表明，士兵和正常若虫之间CP基因的时间表达模式不同。簇II基因与正常若虫的蜕皮和发育有关，而士兵则表现出相反的模式。集群I基因在士兵胚胎后发育的早期阶段短暂表达，而集群III基因在整个出生后发育期间保持稳定的表达水平。其中，含有r -2基序的亲弹性蛋白样基因pbampr -54在士兵胚胎发育后2 - 72小时内表达上调，在后腿组织中表达水平最高。为了研究其功能，我们通过RNA干扰（RNAi）敲低pbampr -54，导致士兵胫骨后畸形和弯曲。伊红Y染色进一步显示基因沉默改变了后腿角质层的结构完整性。这些发现为CP基因在社会性昆虫的种姓特异性发育和形态分化中的作用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Involvement of salivary Apolipoprotein D, PuApoD311, in gall formation induced by the tephritid stem gall fly, Procecidochares utilis 唾液载脂蛋白D （PuApoD311）在绦虫茎瘿蝇诱导胆汁形成中的作用。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104442

Lifang Li , Jingyi Ning , Tao Zhu , Mingxian Lan , Mehboob Hussain , Xi Gao , Jiaying Zhu , Guoxing Wu

The tephritid stem gall fly, Procecidochares utilis Stone (Diptera: Trypetidae), serves as an effective biocontrol agent against the invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum (syn. Ageratina adenophorum) by inducing galls through larval saliva secretions, thereby inhibiting the growth of E. adenophorum. Despite this, the genetic basis of gall induction by P. utilis remains unexplored. This study generated a chromosome-level genome of P. utilis, totaling 467.64 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 74.29 Mb, organized into six pseudochromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed a significant expansion of apolipoprotein D (ApoD) genes—a novel finding among gall-forming insects. Salivary gland transcriptomics identified 124 putative secreted proteins, with ApoD expansions exhibiting predominant expression. Among 29 identified ApoD genes in the P. utilis genome, 24 formed a species-specific clade, predominantly expressed in larvae and salivary glands. Notably, 21 of these genes were associated with salivary gland secretion. PuApoD311, uniquely expressed in P. utilis larvae and salivary glands, was successfully recombinantly produced in Sf9 cells using the baculovirus system. Injection of recombinant PuApoD311 into E. adenophorum resulted in the formation of “gall-like structures, characterized by analogous lateral root proliferation” structures, and elevated zeatin levels, indicating its pivotal role in gall formation. These findings contribute to our comprehension of salivary gland protein evolution in P. utilis and the molecular mechanisms governing gall induction by this biocontrol agent.

绦虫茎瘿蝇Procecidochares utilis Stone（双翅目：姬蝇科）通过幼虫唾液分泌诱导瘿蝇，抑制腺茎茎瘿蝇的生长，是一种有效的防制入侵植物紫茎泽兰的生物防治剂。尽管如此，水蛭诱导胆汁的遗传基础仍未被探索。本研究获得了实用木的染色体水平基因组，总长度为467.64 Mb，支架N50为74.29 Mb，由6条假染色体组成。比较基因组分析揭示了载脂蛋白D （ApoD）基因的显著扩展，这是在胆囊形成昆虫中发现的一个新发现。唾液腺转录组学鉴定出120种可能的分泌蛋白，ApoD扩增表现出主要表达。在发现的29个ApoD基因中，有24个形成了一个物种特异性分支，主要在幼虫和唾液腺中表达。值得注意的是，其中21个基因与唾液腺分泌有关。利用杆状病毒系统，成功地在Sf9细胞中重组产生了PuApoD311，该基因在水蛭幼虫和唾液腺中特异表达。将重组PuApoD311注射到紫茎甘蓝中，形成了“以类似侧根增生为特征的胆状结构”，并提高了玉米素水平，表明其在胆形成中起关键作用。这些发现有助于我们理解水蛭唾液腺蛋白的进化和这种生物防治剂诱导胆汁的分子机制。

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引用次数: 0

Coordinated horizontal transfer of multiple genes assembles a carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in aphids 多基因协同水平转移组装了蚜虫类胡萝卜素生物合成途径。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104433

Rong Hu , Jun Wu , Siying Li , Peiyu Yang , Gang Wu , Changying Niu , Shuai Zhan , Yazhou Chen

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a crucial role in genome evolution, especially when it enables the acquisition and assembly of multi-step biosynthetic pathways. Here, we investigate the evolutionary origins of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in aphids to determine whether multiple functionally related genes were acquired through HGT. We analyzed carotenoid biosynthesis genes in 23 aphid genomes based on homologs in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GPS), Phytoene synthase (PS), and Carotenoid desaturase (CD) were acquired via HGT from fungi by ancestral insect species, while Carotenoid cleavage oxygenase (CCO) appears to be a native insect gene. Most insect genomes contain two GPS copies, likely resulting from independent HGT events, whereas aphid genomes exhibit extensive duplication of PS and CD, a pattern uncommon in other insects. Expression analyses across aphid species with distinct pigmentation showed that these genes are broadly transcribed with substantial variability in expression levels. In Myzus persicae, comparative expression analysis between red and green clones, as well as a green-red clone with green and red color polymorphism, revealed that PS-4390 is a novel candidate for red pigmentation in M. persicae, in addition to CD-4400, a homolog of the tor gene in Acyrthosiphon pisum. These findings provide strong evidence that HGT can introduce multiple functionally related genes into recipient genomes, allowing them to be co-opted into a functional biosynthetic pathway.

水平基因转移（HGT）在基因组进化中起着至关重要的作用，特别是当它使多步骤生物合成途径的获取和组装成为可能时。在此，我们研究了蚜虫类胡萝卜素生物合成基因的进化起源，以确定是否通过HGT获得了多个功能相关基因。我们基于植物、真菌和细菌的同源物分析了23个蚜虫基因组中的类胡萝卜素生物合成基因。系统发育分析表明，香叶基香叶基焦磷酸合成酶（GPS）、植物烯合成酶（PS）和类胡萝卜素去饱和酶（CD）是由昆虫祖先通过HGT从真菌中获得的，而类胡萝卜素裂解加氧酶（CCO）似乎是昆虫原生基因。大多数昆虫的基因组包含两个GPS拷贝，这可能是由独立的HGT事件造成的，而蚜虫的基因组则显示出PS和CD的广泛复制，这在其他昆虫中并不常见。不同色素沉着蚜虫的表达分析表明，这些基因广泛转录，表达水平有很大差异。在桃蚜（Myzus persicae）中，通过对红色和绿色无性系以及具有绿色和红色多态性的绿红色无性系的比较表达分析，发现PS-4390是桃蚜红色色素形成的新候选基因，而CD-4400是桃蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum中tor基因的同源基因。这些发现提供了强有力的证据，证明HGT可以将多个功能相关基因引入受体基因组，使它们被增选为功能性生物合成途径。

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引用次数: 0

The leucokinin pathway regulates honey bee sugar consumption via Piezo 白蛋白途径通过Piezo调节蜜蜂的糖消耗。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104448

Zhenfang Li, Chengfeng Yang, Yashuai Wu, Xinyue Zhang, Xin Zhou, Shiqi Luo

Nectar serves as the primary carbohydrate source for honey bees, sustaining both individual and colony-wide energy demands. Although nectar from bee-pollinated flowers is rich in sucrose, a preferred sugar for honey bees, the neural mechanisms regulating sucrose intake remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that the leucokinin (LK) neuropeptide and its receptor (LKR) suppress sucrose consumption in worker bees of Apis cerana, as shown through LK supplementation and Lkr RNAi. Gene silencing results revealed that this signaling pathway is inhibited by Lkrial (Lkr Intronic Antisense LncRNA), a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcribed antisense to the Lkr locus. Furthermore, by using quantitative PCR and RNAi, we showed that Lk/Lkr signaling cascade activates the mechanosensory ion channel Piezo, which acts downstream to suppresses sucrose intake. Collectively, our findings uncover a previously unrecognized regulatory circuit that is essential for the neural control of sucrose consumption and energy acquisition in A. cerana.

花蜜是蜜蜂的主要碳水化合物来源，维持个体和群体的能量需求。虽然蜜蜂授粉的花蜜富含蔗糖，而蔗糖是蜜蜂的首选糖，但调节蔗糖摄入的神经机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们通过补充LK和LKR RNAi证明了白细胞分裂素（LK）神经肽及其受体（LKR）抑制蜜蜂工蜂的蔗糖消耗。基因沉默结果表明，Lkrial （Lkr内含反义LncRNA）是一种新型的长链非编码RNA (LncRNA)，可以反义转录到Lkr位点，从而抑制该信号通路。此外，通过定量PCR和RNAi，我们发现Lk/Lkr信号级联激活机械感觉离子通道Piezo，该通道在下游抑制蔗糖摄入。总的来说，我们的发现揭示了一个以前未被认识到的调节回路，它对蜜蜂的蔗糖消耗和能量获取的神经控制至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Field-deployable CRISPR-Dx for BmNPV and Nosema bombycis: DNA-extraction-free one-pot RPA-Cas12a and Cas12a/Cas13a dual-gene assays with handheld devices 可现场部署的CRISPR-Dx用于BmNPV和bombycis微孢子虫：无dna提取的单罐RPA-Cas12a和Cas12a/Cas13a双基因检测，手持设备。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104449

Na Zhang , Xuemin Zhou , Xinhao Jiao , Zi Liang , Wenwen Jiang , Shuyi Liu , Ping Wu

Simple, accurate, sensitive, and rapid pathogen diagnosis is crucial for effective control of silkworm diseases. Although CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection systems show great potential for on-site detection of silkworm pathogens, their practicality is hindered by complex workflows and reagent-storage constraints. To address these limitations and enhance field suitability, we developed a DNA extraction-free one-pot RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a (DEORC) system and a dual-gene assay for detecting Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) and Nosema bombycis using a handheld device. The DEORC assay detects BmNPV in hemolymph samples as early as 6 h post-infection (hpi) and N. bombycis at 10³ spores/mL in spore suspensions. The entire process from sampling to visual readout is completed in approximately 70 min without requiring sophisticated equipment. To further enable off-grid deployment, we lyophilized the Cas12a detection reagents using 1 M betaine as a lyoprotectant, which retained measurable activity for at least one month at 4 °C under our test conditions, facilitating short-term refrigerated transport and field storage. Additionally, the dual-gene assay detects 10³ copies/μL of a double-reference plasmid and simultaneously detects both BmNPV and N. bombycis in a single tube from midgut samples at 48 hpi; when combined with extraction-free techniques, it enables simultaneous detection of both pathogens in hemolymph samples at 72 hpi. Collectively, these advancements provide sensitive and portable tools for on-site sericulture disease management, offering faster and more practical workflows than two-step single-gene and traditional approaches.

简单、准确、灵敏、快速的病原诊断是有效控制家蚕病虫害的关键。尽管基于crispr的核酸检测系统显示出现场检测家蚕病原体的巨大潜力，但其实用性受到复杂工作流程和试剂存储限制的阻碍。为了解决这些限制并提高现场适用性，我们开发了一种无需提取DNA的单罐RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a （DEORC）系统和一种双基因检测方法，用于使用手持设备检测家蚕核多角体病毒（BmNPV）和家蚕微孢子虫。DEORC检测早在感染后6小时就能在血淋巴样本中检测到BmNPV，在孢子悬浮液中检测到103孢子/mL的家蚕芽孢杆菌。从采样到视觉读数的整个过程在大约70分钟内完成，不需要复杂的设备。为了进一步实现离网部署，我们使用1 M甜菜碱作为冻干保护剂对Cas12a检测试剂进行了冻干，在我们的测试条件下，在4°C下保持了一个月的可测量活性，便于短期冷藏运输和现场储存。此外，该双基因检测方法可检测到103拷贝/μL的双参考质粒，并在48 hpi的条件下在单管中同时检测到BmNPV和bombycis；当与无提取技术相结合时，它可以在72 hpi的血淋巴样品中检测两种病原体。总的来说，这些进步为现场蚕桑病害管理提供了灵敏和便携的工具，比两步单基因和传统方法提供了更快和更实用的工作流程。

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引用次数: 0

A fructose-sensitive gustatory receptor links nutrient sensing to lipid metabolism in the red imported fire ant 一种对果糖敏感的味觉受体将红色进口火蚁的营养感知与脂质代谢联系起来。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104440

Huamei Wen , Xinyue Ma , Wenjing Zhang , Lu Wang , Yanbin Li , Dan Lv , Jianghua Sun , Dingze Mang

Fructose is an important energy source for many insects, yet its perception and physiological roles in the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, remain unclear. Here, we show that S. invicta workers strongly prefer sucrose and glucose but demonstrate only weak attraction for fructose. Using Ca²⁺ imaging and intracellular Ca²⁺ assays, we identified SinvGr43a as a fructose-responsive gustatory receptor. While its expression is low in the antennae, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed high levels in the brain and gut, suggesting an internal sensing role. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SinvGr43a led to reduced production and secretion of short neuropeptide F (sNPF) in the gut and insulin-like peptide (ILP) in both the brain and gut. Moreover, this silencing also downregulated key fatty acid metabolic regulators, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), in the fat body, resulting in decreased lipid storage. Our findings demonstrate that SinvGr43a functions primarily as an internal fructose sensor, linking nutrient detection with neuropeptide signaling and lipid metabolism to maintain energy homeostasis in S. invicta.

果糖是许多昆虫的重要能量来源，但其在红火蚁（Solenopsis invicta）中的感知和生理作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们发现s.a invicta工蜂强烈偏好蔗糖和葡萄糖，但对果糖只有微弱的吸引力。使用Ca2+成像和细胞内Ca2+检测，我们确定了SinvGr43a是一种果糖敏感的味觉受体。虽然其在触角中的表达较低，但逆转录定量PCR （RT-qPCR）显示其在大脑和肠道中的表达水平很高，表明其具有内部传感作用。RNA干扰介导的SinvGr43a敲低导致肠道中短神经肽F （sNPF）和脑和肠道中胰岛素样肽（ILP）的产生和分泌减少。此外，这种沉默还下调了脂肪体中的关键脂肪酸代谢调节因子，包括固醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBP）和脂肪酸合成酶（FAS），导致脂肪储存减少。我们的研究结果表明，SinvGr43a主要作为一种内部果糖传感器，将营养检测与神经肽信号和脂质代谢联系起来，以维持颖花的能量稳态。

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