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From “Extensive” to “Connotative” Development: Modernization of Chinese-Style Education 从“外延”发展到“内蕴”发展:中国式教育的现代化
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231206134
Jiuquan Yang (杨九诠)
Highlights The transformation of China's education reform from extensive to connotative development involved a shift from characteristically exogenous and late development to endogenous and spontaneous development. The mechanism behind the shift from rationalism to universalism has resulted in tension between extension and intension in the process of modernization. Reflexive modernity has always existed in historical experience and situations, strengthening the appeal of intension to the right of defining. In terms of the scale effect, the expansion of higher education enrollment made historically significant contributions to the modernization of education in China; however, it also had several disadvantages. China's educational modernization invariably requires solving the problem of large-class teaching and promoting small-class teaching in the process of shifting from extensive to connotative development.
中国教育改革从粗放式发展向内涵式发展的转变,涉及到从外源性、后发性发展向内源性、自发性发展的转变。理性主义向普遍主义转变的背后机制导致了现代化进程中外延与内延之间的张力。反身性现代性始终存在于历史经验和情境中,强化了内涵对界定权的诉求。在规模效应方面,高等教育扩招对中国教育现代化作出了历史性的重大贡献;然而,它也有一些缺点。中国教育现代化在由粗放式发展向内涵式发展转变的过程中,必然需要解决大班教学问题,推进小班教学。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges and Potentials of Implementing Discussion-Based Instruction in Elementary and Middle School Classrooms: An Interview With Catherine Snow at Harvard Graduate School of Education 在中小学课堂实施讨论型教学的挑战与潜力——对哈佛大学教育研究生院凯瑟琳·斯诺的访谈
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231210308
Ziyun Deng (邓兹韵), Jingyi Xu (徐敬宜), Yinan Jiang (蒋奕楠), Yoo Jin Choi (최유진), Suchakrey Koomplee (สุชาครีย์ คุ้มปลี), Yu Ye (叶羽)
Highlights This article consists of an interview with Professor Catherine Snow, an expert on English language and literacy education. The interview aims to introduce discussion-based instruction to educational practitioners. Discussion-based instruction inspires students to take initiatives and increases their engagement in the classroom. It is recommended that a dilemma without a singular answer should be set as the discussion topic. Discussion-based instruction can be combined with traditional lecture-based instruction. It helps students become better readers, thinkers, and writers, facilitating their achievements in standardized assessments. The article highlights that teachers can switch their roles from being owners and conveyors of knowledge to becoming fellow knowledge seekers with their students.
本文由对英语语言和扫盲教育专家凯瑟琳·斯诺教授的采访组成。访谈的目的是向教育从业者介绍基于讨论的教学。以讨论为基础的教学激励学生采取主动,增加他们在课堂上的参与度。建议将一个没有单一答案的困境作为讨论主题。基于讨论的教学可以与传统的基于讲座的教学相结合。它帮助学生成为更好的读者、思考者和作家,促进他们在标准化评估中取得成就。文章强调,教师的角色可以从知识的拥有者和传送者转变为与学生一起寻求知识的伙伴。
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引用次数: 0
Gender and Leadership: Student Perspectives on Gender Stereotypes in Round Square Schools 性别与领导:学生对圆形方形学校性别刻板印象的看法
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231210010
Kanwal Syeda Hassan, Ewan Wright
Purpose Leadership is a valuable skill for young people to navigate transformations in modern societies and find solutions to overcome global crises. However, gender stereotypes regarding leadership persist, potentially limiting female students’ leadership aspirations, experiences, and opportunities in schools. This study explores student perspectives on gender and leadership through the conceptual lens of student voice. Design/Approach/Methods Interviews were conducted with students ( n = 93) from 12 Round Square secondary schools in 11 countries: Australia, Argentina, Chile, China, India (two schools), New Zealand, the United States, Korea, Switzerland, Tanzania, and South Africa. Findings The findings demonstrate how interest in developing and practicing leadership transcends gender. The students exhibited a deep conviction in their ability to initiate change through leadership in their schools and communities. However, female students were more cognizant of gender stereotypes regarding leadership and how this represented a barrier to realizing leadership opportunities. Originality/Value This study presents students’ perspectives on leadership and gender in contexts that appear favorable for student leadership. Primarily, it argues that although schools may seek to promote equality in leadership opportunities, female students often remain comparatively sensitive to and aware of gender stereotypes. Overall, the study highlights the complex and deeply entrenched barriers to female leadership.
领导力是年轻人应对现代社会变革和找到克服全球危机的解决方案的宝贵技能。然而,关于领导力的性别刻板印象仍然存在,潜在地限制了女学生在学校的领导力愿望、经验和机会。本研究透过学生声音的概念视角,探讨学生对性别与领导的看法。设计/方法/方法对来自11个国家的12所Round Square中学的学生(n = 93)进行了访谈:澳大利亚、阿根廷、智利、中国、印度(两所学校)、新西兰、美国、韩国、瑞士、坦桑尼亚和南非。研究结果表明,培养和实践领导力的兴趣是如何超越性别的。学生们对自己有能力通过在学校和社区的领导来发起变革表现出了深深的信念。然而,女学生更认识到关于领导的性别刻板印象,以及这如何成为实现领导机会的障碍。原创性/价值本研究展示了学生在有利于学生领导力的情境中对领导力和性别的看法。首先,它认为,尽管学校可能会寻求促进领导机会的平等,但女学生往往对性别刻板印象仍然相对敏感。总的来说,这项研究强调了女性领导面临的复杂而根深蒂固的障碍。
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引用次数: 0
The Rise of Hybrid Educators 混合型教育者的兴起
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231206148
Youchao Deng (邓友超)
Highlights We live in a technology-driven age, so the education field must rationally consider chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI). Faced with increasing application of AI in education, teachers should be reflective educators, and students should be self-educators. AI chatbots will evolve into a new prosthesis before being institutionalized into the fabric of school education. Reflective, institutionalized, self-educators foreshadow the future rise of hybrid educators.
我们生活在一个技术驱动的时代,因此教育领域必须理性地考虑由人工智能(AI)驱动的聊天机器人。面对越来越多的人工智能在教育中的应用,教师应该是反思性的教育者,学生应该是自我教育者。人工智能聊天机器人在被制度化纳入学校教育结构之前,将演变成一种新的假肢。反思性、制度化、自我教育预示着混合型教育的未来崛起。
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引用次数: 0
The Synergized Quality Improvement Program in Teacher Education: A Policy for Improving the Quality of China's Rural Teachers 教师教育协同素质提升计划:提高中国农村教师素质的一项政策
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231210007
Jian Zhao (赵健)
Purpose This study elucidates the rationale, implementation, values, and challenges of the Synergized Quality Improvement Program in Teacher Education (SQIPTE)—the first policy specifically dedicated to the development of teaching staff since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Design/Approach/Methods After introducing the primary structure and rationale of the SQIPTE, this study reviews the existing data and research to explain why the program focuses on local normal colleges and determine how it could be implemented more effectively. Findings In establishing group-based assistance under the principle of “1 + M + N” (M ≥ N), the SQIPTE seeks to make normal colleges the primary force in the education of rural teachers and explores a collaborative operating mechanism to this end. Evidence suggests that this innovative program will provide new practical experience for the collaborative development and quality improvement of teachers. Originality/Value This study reviews the SQIPTE as a new Chinese intervention to improve the quality of rural teachers. There is strong evidence to suggest that this innovative program will inspire the construction of collaborative operating mechanisms incorporating multiple resources for teacher education systems across different areas.
摘要本研究旨在阐述建国以来首个专门针对师资发展的政策——教师教育协同品质改善计划(SQIPTE)的基本原理、实施、价值和挑战。在介绍了SQIPTE的主要结构和基本原理之后,本研究回顾了现有的数据和研究,以解释为什么该计划侧重于地方师范院校,并确定如何更有效地实施该计划。在“1 + M + N”(M≥N)原则下,建立以小组为基础的援助模式,旨在使师范院校成为农村教师教育的主力军,并为此探索协同运作机制。有证据表明,这一创新项目将为教师的协同发展和素质提高提供新的实践经验。原创性/价值本研究回顾了SQIPTE作为一种新的语文干预手段来提高农村教师的素质。强有力的证据表明,这一创新方案将激发构建整合不同地区教师教育系统多种资源的协作运行机制。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Influencing the Professional Development of Engineering Students Under the “Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers” “杰出工程师培养计划”下影响工科学生专业发展的因素
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231206835
Xuting Tang (唐旭亭), Hui Guo (郭卉)
Purpose This study investigates the role of the engineering education environment created by the implementation of the “Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers” (PETOE) on the professional capability development of engineering students from the perspective of students’ experience. Design/Approach/Methods This study uses data from the National Engineering Student Survey and multiple regression analysis to explore the role of institutional resources and support, teaching reforms, and interpersonal interaction on the professional development of engineering students. Findings The opportunities for on-campus practical activities provided by the institution, content of the teachers’ teaching, teaching methods, comprehensive coursework assessment, and interpersonal interactions contributed to the development of students’ engineering competencies, with limited contributions from research-based teaching methods. Internship opportunities and international exchange environments were negatively associated with the development of engineering skills in an “unexpected” manner. Originality/Value Focusing on students’ experiences of engineering education reform, this study comprehensively evaluates the implementation of the reform measures adopted under PETOE. Furthermore, it assesses how corresponding changes in the general educational environment relate to students’ professional capability development. Thus, this study addresses an important research gap in educational reform—the lack of domestic empirical studies in China.
目的本研究从学生体验的角度,探讨实施“杰出工程师培养计划”(PETOE)所创造的工程教育环境对工科学生专业能力发展的作用。设计/方法/方法本研究利用全国工科学生调查数据,结合多元回归分析,探讨院校资源支持、教学改革和人际互动对工科学生专业发展的影响。发现学校提供的校园实践活动机会、教师的教学内容、教学方法、综合课程评估和人际交往对学生工程能力的发展有促进作用,研究型教学方法对学生工程能力的发展贡献有限。实习机会和国际交流环境以“意想不到”的方式与工程技能的发展负相关。本研究以学生对工程教育改革的体验为中心,综合评价PETOE改革措施的实施情况。此外,它还评估了一般教育环境的相应变化与学生专业能力发展的关系。因此,本研究弥补了教育改革研究的一个重要空白——国内实证研究的缺失。
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引用次数: 0
Experimenting With International Curricula in Shanghai: Policies, Practice, and a Network Ethnography Analysis 上海国际化课程的实验:政策、实践与网络民族志分析
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231201429
Jin Jin (金津), Jiaying Chen (陈佳颖)
Purpose Drawing on a study of international schools in Shanghai, this study explores how external experiences and curricula are mobilized as policy tools to inspire local educational innovations and how these experiences are enacted differently by schools. Design/Approach/Methods Based on a review of policy documents and interviews with school principals, senior management stakeholders, and teachers, this study identifies and compares the typologies of international schools in policy design and practice. Then, by deploying the network ethnography method following three key nodes, this study offers some explanations for the gaps between policy design and enactments. Findings This study demonstrates the complex relations, interests, and struggles involved in constructing and shaping the meanings of international curricula within local education. The findings show the autonomy of policy networks and the difficulties of ‘steering’ them in a clear-cut way. Originality/Value This study is one of the earliest attempts, if not the first, to experiment with the method of network ethnography in the context of China. These findings offer a nuanced account of the complex relations and ad hocery involved in policy learning.
本研究通过对上海国际学校的研究,探讨如何将外部经验和课程作为政策工具来激励本地教育创新,以及学校如何以不同的方式实施这些经验。基于对政策文件的回顾和对学校校长、高级管理层利益相关者和教师的访谈,本研究确定并比较了国际学校在政策设计和实践中的类型。然后,运用网络人种学方法,追踪三个关键节点,为政策设计与实施之间的差距提供了一些解释。本研究展示了在地方教育中建构和塑造国际课程意义所涉及的复杂关系、利益和斗争。研究结果显示了政策网络的自主性,以及以明确的方式“引导”它们的困难。本研究是在中国背景下尝试网络民族志方法的最早尝试之一,如果不是第一次的话。这些发现为政策学习中涉及的复杂关系和广告提供了细致入微的描述。
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引用次数: 0
Parents’ Perceptions of Online Teaching During the Pandemic: A Shanghai Survey Report 疫情期间家长对网络教学的看法:一份上海市调查报告
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231201668
Jiani Rong (荣佳妮), Shuangye Chen (陈霜叶), Xiaozhe Yang (杨晓哲)
Highlights This survey report outlined parents’ evaluation of the Shanghai online learning program during the pandemic. According to the survey results, most parents favorably accepted the Shanghai online learning initiative, while some parents held some concerns about the forms and impacts. This report reveals nuanced analysis of parents’ perception and their education backgrounds, stresses, and expectations.
本调查报告概述了疫情期间家长对上海在线学习项目的评价。根据调查结果,大多数家长对上海在线学习的倡议持赞成态度,但也有一些家长对其形式和影响表示担忧。这份报告细致地分析了家长的看法以及他们的教育背景、压力和期望。
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引用次数: 0
Parents’ Perspectives on Climate Change Education: A Case Study From New Jersey 家长对气候变化教育的看法:以新泽西州为例
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231200507
Lauren Madden, Arti Joshi, Margaret Wang, Julia Turner, Samantha Lindsay
Purpose With climate change education becoming more prevalent in schools around the globe, it is increasingly important that we understand parental perspectives on this topic. Children cross the boundaries between home and school culture every day, and their parents’ attitudes, beliefs, and practices can influence their academic engagement in all content areas. In the 2022–2023 academic year, New Jersey (NJ) adopted climate change education standards across grade levels and subject areas. We seek to understand parental perspectives on this curriculum change. Design/Approach/Methods In October–November 2022, a survey was distributed to parents of children attending public (state) school in NJ to identify how they discuss, support, and question their children's education about climate change. A total of 83 parents responded to the survey. Findings Survey results revealed that parents talk to their children about climate change with the support of various tools and strategies. However, parents expressed concerns about teachers’ preparedness to introduce climate change topics appropriately and their own readiness to support this instruction at home. Furthermore, several respondents voiced concerns about how to approach climate change discussions in a way that is mindful of children's developmental and mental health needs. Originality/Value Little is known about the way in which parents view educational innovations affect their implementation. This study examines parents’ perspectives on a novel approach to integrating climate change instruction across subject areas and grade levels.
随着气候变化教育在全球各地的学校变得越来越普遍,了解家长对这个话题的看法变得越来越重要。孩子们每天都跨越家庭和学校文化的界限,他们父母的态度、信仰和做法会影响他们在所有内容领域的学术参与。在2022-2023学年,新泽西州(NJ)在年级和学科领域采用了气候变化教育标准。我们试图了解家长对这一课程变化的看法。设计/方法/方法在2022年10月至11月,对新泽西州公立(州立)学校的孩子的父母进行了一项调查,以确定他们如何讨论、支持和质疑他们孩子关于气候变化的教育。共有83名家长回应了这项调查。调查结果显示,父母在各种工具和策略的支持下与孩子谈论气候变化。然而,家长们对教师是否准备好适当地介绍气候变化主题以及他们自己是否准备好在家里支持这种教学表示担忧。此外,若干答复国对如何以顾及儿童发展和心理健康需要的方式处理气候变化讨论表示关切。对于家长如何看待教育创新并影响其实施,我们知之甚少。本研究考察了家长对跨学科领域和年级整合气候变化教学的新方法的看法。
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引用次数: 0
(Re)drawing Lines in Our Research: Using Policy Mobilities and Network Ethnography to Research Global Policy Networks in Education (再)在我们的研究中划清界限:利用政策流动性和网络人种学来研究全球教育政策网络
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/20965311231200908
Steven Lewis
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引用次数: 0
期刊
ECNU Review of Education
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