Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_18
M. Nazeer, Shizrah Jamal, S. Aziz, Robia Ghafoor
Xerostomia occurring as sequelae of radiation therapy results in oral complications, i.e., acid erosion, dysphagia, dysgeusia, periodontal diseases, taste disturbance, and dental caries. The best strategy should be to prevent damage of any salivary acini during the course of radiotherapy; therefore, we planned to look for all the strategies for its prevention. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Oral and Dentistry database thoroughly and included all the relevant articles published in the past 12 years (2005–2017). We found the following strategies for the prevention of xerostomia during radiation therapy: amifostine, pilocarpine, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E, acupuncture, bethanechol, botulism toxin, histamine, insulin growth factor, submandibular gland transfer, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, radiation stents, stem cell transplantation, intravenous injection of adipose stem cells, lasers, and lidocaine HCL. These preventive methods not only maintain the morphology and function of salivary glands but also reduces the need for saliva-enhancing therapies later.
放射治疗的后遗症口干症会导致口腔并发症，如酸侵蚀、吞咽困难、发音困难、牙周病、味觉障碍和龋齿。最好的策略是在放疗过程中防止任何唾液腺泡的损伤;因此，我们计划寻找所有的预防策略。我们全面检索了PubMed、Google Scholar和Oral and Dentistry数据库，并纳入了过去12年(2005-2017)发表的所有相关文章。我们发现在放疗期间预防口干的策略如下:氨磷汀、匹罗卡品、维生素C和维生素E、针灸、亚酚、肉毒杆菌毒素、组胺、胰岛素生长因子、下颌骨腺转移、强度调节放疗、放射支架、干细胞移植、静脉注射脂肪干细胞、激光和利多卡因HCL。这些预防方法不仅维持了唾液腺的形态和功能，而且减少了以后对唾液增强治疗的需要。
{"title":"Role of current strategies for preventing xerostomia in oropharyngeal cancer patients: A literature review","authors":"M. Nazeer, Shizrah Jamal, S. Aziz, Robia Ghafoor","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_18","url":null,"abstract":"Xerostomia occurring as sequelae of radiation therapy results in oral complications, i.e., acid erosion, dysphagia, dysgeusia, periodontal diseases, taste disturbance, and dental caries. The best strategy should be to prevent damage of any salivary acini during the course of radiotherapy; therefore, we planned to look for all the strategies for its prevention. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Oral and Dentistry database thoroughly and included all the relevant articles published in the past 12 years (2005–2017). We found the following strategies for the prevention of xerostomia during radiation therapy: amifostine, pilocarpine, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E, acupuncture, bethanechol, botulism toxin, histamine, insulin growth factor, submandibular gland transfer, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, radiation stents, stem cell transplantation, intravenous injection of adipose stem cells, lasers, and lidocaine HCL. These preventive methods not only maintain the morphology and function of salivary glands but also reduces the need for saliva-enhancing therapies later.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129301135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_18
G. Molina, C. García, Diego De La Torre, D. González
Epidermoid cysts are slow-growing, usually benign lesions that derive from an abnormally located ectodermal tissue. Epidermoid cysts can appear anywhere on the body; they are usually small and frequently asymptomatic. Giant cysts are rare, with few cases ever described. We report a case of a 66-year-old male, with a giant mass in the neck that developed over the last 10 years. Due to geographic limitations and lack of access to health care, he allowed the mass to grow to giant proportions. Surgical treatment was decided, and the patient underwent full recovery. Giant epidermoid neck cyst was the final diagnosis.
{"title":"Giant neck cyst not only a surgical concern","authors":"G. Molina, C. García, Diego De La Torre, D. González","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_18","url":null,"abstract":"Epidermoid cysts are slow-growing, usually benign lesions that derive from an abnormally located ectodermal tissue. Epidermoid cysts can appear anywhere on the body; they are usually small and frequently asymptomatic. Giant cysts are rare, with few cases ever described. We report a case of a 66-year-old male, with a giant mass in the neck that developed over the last 10 years. Due to geographic limitations and lack of access to health care, he allowed the mass to grow to giant proportions. Surgical treatment was decided, and the patient underwent full recovery. Giant epidermoid neck cyst was the final diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130698487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_9_17
Balaji Zacharia, Thanveeruddin Sherule, Dhiyaneswaran Subramaniam, R. Purushothaman
Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome (GLH) is a very rare phakomatosis, which is characterized by the triad of rhombencephalosynapsis, facial anesthesia in the trigeminal area, and scalp alopecia. A 9-year-old boy with pain and limping right hip for 6 months was presented. Clinically, he was having bilateral symmetrical temporal alopecia, strabismus, and pseudoproptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging brain shows cerebellar fusion. Examination of the hip was consistent with the diagnosis of Perthes disease. Even though some of the phakomatoses are associated with skeletal abnormalities, there is no association of any phakomatoses with Legg–Calve–Perthes disease (LCPD) of the hip. This will be the first ever report of an association of GLH syndrome with LCPD.
{"title":"Sporadic association of Legg–Calve–Perthes disease with rare phakomatoses-Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome","authors":"Balaji Zacharia, Thanveeruddin Sherule, Dhiyaneswaran Subramaniam, R. Purushothaman","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_9_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_9_17","url":null,"abstract":"Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome (GLH) is a very rare phakomatosis, which is characterized by the triad of rhombencephalosynapsis, facial anesthesia in the trigeminal area, and scalp alopecia. A 9-year-old boy with pain and limping right hip for 6 months was presented. Clinically, he was having bilateral symmetrical temporal alopecia, strabismus, and pseudoproptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging brain shows cerebellar fusion. Examination of the hip was consistent with the diagnosis of Perthes disease. Even though some of the phakomatoses are associated with skeletal abnormalities, there is no association of any phakomatoses with Legg–Calve–Perthes disease (LCPD) of the hip. This will be the first ever report of an association of GLH syndrome with LCPD.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129873914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_3_17
Anubhav A. Jannu, R. Balakrishna, H. Sudarshan, G. Veena, B. Srinivasan
Foreign bodies may be deposited, ingested, or inserted in the head and neck region by a traumatic or iatrogenic injury. The penetrating foreign body in the neck has a specific apprehension because of the constellations of vital structures in the neck. We report a 30-year-old male patient who presented with a mass in the neck. Radiographic examination revealed a sharp no. 11 surgical blade in the left side of the neck. He was unaware of the foreign body in his neck and was asymptomatic. The blade was surgically removed followed by primary closure under general anesthesia. The patient recovered well without any complication. The importance of this article is the presence of a surgical blade in the neck which has never been mentioned in the literature so far and the surgical technique in which it was removed followed by the postoperative care.
{"title":"Unexpected foreign body in the neck: A case report","authors":"Anubhav A. Jannu, R. Balakrishna, H. Sudarshan, G. Veena, B. Srinivasan","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_3_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_3_17","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign bodies may be deposited, ingested, or inserted in the head and neck region by a traumatic or iatrogenic injury. The penetrating foreign body in the neck has a specific apprehension because of the constellations of vital structures in the neck. We report a 30-year-old male patient who presented with a mass in the neck. Radiographic examination revealed a sharp no. 11 surgical blade in the left side of the neck. He was unaware of the foreign body in his neck and was asymptomatic. The blade was surgically removed followed by primary closure under general anesthesia. The patient recovered well without any complication. The importance of this article is the presence of a surgical blade in the neck which has never been mentioned in the literature so far and the surgical technique in which it was removed followed by the postoperative care.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_16_17
E. Weledji
The acute abdomen is defined as the rapid onset of severe symptoms that may indicate potentially life-threatening intra-abdominal pathology which requires urgent surgical intervention. The article reviewed the pitfalls and problems in the management of the acute abdomen. The importance of simultaneous examination and resuscitation, recognizing the need for physiological support, and maintaining the rapid progress toward a diagnosis and definitive treatment are emphasized.
{"title":"Pitfalls and problems in the management of the acute abdomen","authors":"E. Weledji","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_16_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_16_17","url":null,"abstract":"The acute abdomen is defined as the rapid onset of severe symptoms that may indicate potentially life-threatening intra-abdominal pathology which requires urgent surgical intervention. The article reviewed the pitfalls and problems in the management of the acute abdomen. The importance of simultaneous examination and resuscitation, recognizing the need for physiological support, and maintaining the rapid progress toward a diagnosis and definitive treatment are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115011052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_5_17
J. Aihole, J. Deepak, Vinay Jadhav, S. Ramesh
Our case report describes obstetric right brachial plexus injury leading to Erb's palsy and Klumpke's palsy with ipsilateral paralysis of diaphragm in a 9-month-old baby without Horner's syndrome. The baby required initial right brachial plexus root exploration and nerve grafts, later requiring surgical plication of diaphragm. Now, the baby is free of bronchopneumonia and is in recovering phase of upper limb motor and sensory function.
{"title":"Neonatal brachial plexus injury with diaphragmatic eventration","authors":"J. Aihole, J. Deepak, Vinay Jadhav, S. Ramesh","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_5_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_5_17","url":null,"abstract":"Our case report describes obstetric right brachial plexus injury leading to Erb's palsy and Klumpke's palsy with ipsilateral paralysis of diaphragm in a 9-month-old baby without Horner's syndrome. The baby required initial right brachial plexus root exploration and nerve grafts, later requiring surgical plication of diaphragm. Now, the baby is free of bronchopneumonia and is in recovering phase of upper limb motor and sensory function.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128924374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_17
Ramesh Kumar, J. Jose, G. Vishwakarma, A. Bhattacharjee
The dose of a therapeutic agent is decided by its tolerability. The metronomic chemotherapy is a repeated administration of the chemotherapeutic agents at the low dose. It is difficult to establish the best dose in metronomic chemotherapy through tolerance level. The clinical benefit of any treatment efficacy is demonstrated by overall survival; however, it takes longer duration follow-up. Defining the earlier end points is important as it is a parameter that helps determine the timing of occurrence the event of interest. The surrogate biomarker can be considered as a substitute for a clinical end point. A surrogate end point can provide earlier measurement in comparison to a traditional clinical end point. It also requires lesser follow-up time and hence small sample size. This paper explores the importance of surrogate marker to be considered for assessing the metronomic studies. It is concluded that the surrogate marker can be considered as an alternative of traditional clinical end points to assess the earlier outcome effect of metronomic chemotherapy.
{"title":"Alternative of clinical end point selection for metronomic studies","authors":"Ramesh Kumar, J. Jose, G. Vishwakarma, A. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_10_17","url":null,"abstract":"The dose of a therapeutic agent is decided by its tolerability. The metronomic chemotherapy is a repeated administration of the chemotherapeutic agents at the low dose. It is difficult to establish the best dose in metronomic chemotherapy through tolerance level. The clinical benefit of any treatment efficacy is demonstrated by overall survival; however, it takes longer duration follow-up. Defining the earlier end points is important as it is a parameter that helps determine the timing of occurrence the event of interest. The surrogate biomarker can be considered as a substitute for a clinical end point. A surrogate end point can provide earlier measurement in comparison to a traditional clinical end point. It also requires lesser follow-up time and hence small sample size. This paper explores the importance of surrogate marker to be considered for assessing the metronomic studies. It is concluded that the surrogate marker can be considered as an alternative of traditional clinical end points to assess the earlier outcome effect of metronomic chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128425883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_15_17
M. Borrelli
Background: There is growing awareness of the substantial global burden of surgical disease. Conditions treated effectively by plastic and reconstructive procedures make a large proportion of the global surgical diseases, and disproportionately affect individuals at the lower end of the economic spectrum. Methods: This article reviews the role of plastic surgery in global health, highlights the ongoing need for plastic and reconstructive surgery globally, and increasing efforts that have been made to meet these needs. Results: There global shortage of plastic surgeons in low and middle income countries, but plastic surgery has a long tradition of humanitarian aid, has been a leader in global surgery development. Plastic and reconstructive surgical care has increasingly been shown to be cost effective and to have an immense impact on the economy of a region, delivering a substantial return on investment. More sustainable global surgical care is essential in future, requiring ongoing efforts from the plastic surgery community, greater recognition of the problems that can be addressed at policy level, and research to help guide policy-makers when facing the decision of allocating scarce resources. Conclusion: There is a fundamental role of plastic surgery in global health.
{"title":"The role of plastic surgery in global health: A narrative review","authors":"M. Borrelli","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_15_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_15_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is growing awareness of the substantial global burden of surgical disease. Conditions treated effectively by plastic and reconstructive procedures make a large proportion of the global surgical diseases, and disproportionately affect individuals at the lower end of the economic spectrum. Methods: This article reviews the role of plastic surgery in global health, highlights the ongoing need for plastic and reconstructive surgery globally, and increasing efforts that have been made to meet these needs. Results: There global shortage of plastic surgeons in low and middle income countries, but plastic surgery has a long tradition of humanitarian aid, has been a leader in global surgery development. Plastic and reconstructive surgical care has increasingly been shown to be cost effective and to have an immense impact on the economy of a region, delivering a substantial return on investment. More sustainable global surgical care is essential in future, requiring ongoing efforts from the plastic surgery community, greater recognition of the problems that can be addressed at policy level, and research to help guide policy-makers when facing the decision of allocating scarce resources. Conclusion: There is a fundamental role of plastic surgery in global health.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127541502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_14_17
M. Borrelli, R. Farwana, B. Gundogan, R. Agha
Time management is an essential skill in doctors. Work in the medical profession can be high stress, with multiple conflicting demands, and often involves unsocial hours. Time management is necessary to enhance patient care, management of teams, and delivery of health services. Balancing work and home life is also important for mental health and stress management. This article discusses some considerations and techniques to help individuals manage their time.
{"title":"Time management in a medical career","authors":"M. Borrelli, R. Farwana, B. Gundogan, R. Agha","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_14_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_14_17","url":null,"abstract":"Time management is an essential skill in doctors. Work in the medical profession can be high stress, with multiple conflicting demands, and often involves unsocial hours. Time management is necessary to enhance patient care, management of teams, and delivery of health services. Balancing work and home life is also important for mental health and stress management. This article discusses some considerations and techniques to help individuals manage their time.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126263859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_17
M. Borrelli, R. Farwana, R. Agha
Medical students often graduate with substantial debt, receive low incomes early in their careers postgraduation, and commence work having had little or no training in financial management. Furthermore, medical trainees fail to budget, have poor debt management, and hold overexpectations of increased income. Poor financial management can be a source of stress and has a negative impact on the quality of life. This article addresses some of the strategies for improving personal financial management, focusing on tracking of finances, creating a budget, debt management, and savings.
{"title":"Financial management in a medical career","authors":"M. Borrelli, R. Farwana, R. Agha","doi":"10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijssr.ijssr_11_17","url":null,"abstract":"Medical students often graduate with substantial debt, receive low incomes early in their careers postgraduation, and commence work having had little or no training in financial management. Furthermore, medical trainees fail to budget, have poor debt management, and hold overexpectations of increased income. Poor financial management can be a source of stress and has a negative impact on the quality of life. This article addresses some of the strategies for improving personal financial management, focusing on tracking of finances, creating a budget, debt management, and savings.","PeriodicalId":331041,"journal":{"name":"IJS Short Reports","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131452520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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