Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.4018/IJSESD.2019100101
Manish Sakhlecha, Samir Bajpai, R. Singh
Buildings consume major amount of energy as well as natural resources leading to negative environmental impacts like resource depletion and pollution. The current task for the construction sector is to develop an evaluation tool for rating of buildings based on their environmental impacts. There are various assessment tools and models developed by different agencies in different countries to evaluate building's effect on environment. Although these tools have been successfully used and implemented in the respective regions of their origin, the problems of application occur, especially during regional adaptation in other countries due to peculiarities associated with the specific geographic location, climatic conditions, construction methods and materials. India is a rapidly growing economy with exponential increase in housing sector. Impact assessment model for a residential building has been developed based on life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. The life cycle impact assessment score was obtained for a sample house considering fifteen combinations of materials paired with 100% thermal electricity and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination, applying normalization and weighting to the LCA results. The LCA score of portland slag cement with burnt clay red brick and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination (PSC+TS+RB) was found to have the best score and ordinary Portland cement with flyash brick and 100% thermal power (OPC+T+FAB) had the worst score, showing the scope for further improvement in LCA model to include positive scores for substitution of natural resources with industrial waste otherwise polluting the environment.
{"title":"Evaluating the Environmental Impact Score of a Residential Building Using Life Cycle Assessment","authors":"Manish Sakhlecha, Samir Bajpai, R. Singh","doi":"10.4018/IJSESD.2019100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSESD.2019100101","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings consume major amount of energy as well as natural resources leading to negative environmental impacts like resource depletion and pollution. The current task for the construction sector is to develop an evaluation tool for rating of buildings based on their environmental impacts. There are various assessment tools and models developed by different agencies in different countries to evaluate building's effect on environment. Although these tools have been successfully used and implemented in the respective regions of their origin, the problems of application occur, especially during regional adaptation in other countries due to peculiarities associated with the specific geographic location, climatic conditions, construction methods and materials. India is a rapidly growing economy with exponential increase in housing sector. Impact assessment model for a residential building has been developed based on life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. The life cycle impact assessment score was obtained for a sample house considering fifteen combinations of materials paired with 100% thermal electricity and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination, applying normalization and weighting to the LCA results. The LCA score of portland slag cement with burnt clay red brick and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination (PSC+TS+RB) was found to have the best score and ordinary Portland cement with flyash brick and 100% thermal power (OPC+T+FAB) had the worst score, showing the scope for further improvement in LCA model to include positive scores for substitution of natural resources with industrial waste otherwise polluting the environment.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"81 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131321009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH004
M. Waghmode, A. Gunjal, N. Bhujbal, N. Patil, N. Nawani
Increase in urbanization leads to more construction of houses, dams, and streets. Reduction of the global warming effects can be carried out by recycling of construction material and searching for eco-friendly construction material. Greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced with the help of construction material which requires less energy for their production. The concept of eco-friendly construction is based on biomimetic (i.e., finding natural material with potential of endurance and self-cleaning properties). Construction materials like Portland cement and concrete can be replaced by eco-friendly biocement and bioconcrete. Production of biocement and bioconcrete can be done by using plants, algae, and bacteria. Use of less cement in concrete leads to less pollution. Concrete is the mixture of cement, sand, gravel, and water. By addition of pozzolan in concrete, the requirement of cement will be reduced. In the current review, major emphasis is given to eco-friendly construction material.
{"title":"Eco-Friendly Construction","authors":"M. Waghmode, A. Gunjal, N. Bhujbal, N. Patil, N. Nawani","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH004","url":null,"abstract":"Increase in urbanization leads to more construction of houses, dams, and streets. Reduction of the global warming effects can be carried out by recycling of construction material and searching for eco-friendly construction material. Greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced with the help of construction material which requires less energy for their production. The concept of eco-friendly construction is based on biomimetic (i.e., finding natural material with potential of endurance and self-cleaning properties). Construction materials like Portland cement and concrete can be replaced by eco-friendly biocement and bioconcrete. Production of biocement and bioconcrete can be done by using plants, algae, and bacteria. Use of less cement in concrete leads to less pollution. Concrete is the mixture of cement, sand, gravel, and water. By addition of pozzolan in concrete, the requirement of cement will be reduced. In the current review, major emphasis is given to eco-friendly construction material.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124494210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-8547-3.CH020
B. Sertyesilisik
Green innovations are important in enhancing sustainability performance of the industries and of their outputs. They can influence the carbon emissions, energy efficiency of the industries affecting global green trade, and energy policies. Construction industry is one of the main industries contributing to the global economy and sustainable development. It has, however, bigger environmental footprint than majority of the other industries. Green innovations can contribute to the reduction in the environmental footprint of the construction industry. For this reason, green innovation in the construction industry needs to be supported by the effective policies. This chapter aims to introduce and investigate the political economy of the green innovations in the construction industry. This chapter emphasizes that the effectiveness of the green innovations in the construction industry can be fostered by effective political economy and strategies.
{"title":"Political Economy of the Green Innovations in the Construction Industry","authors":"B. Sertyesilisik","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8547-3.CH020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8547-3.CH020","url":null,"abstract":"Green innovations are important in enhancing sustainability performance of the industries and of their outputs. They can influence the carbon emissions, energy efficiency of the industries affecting global green trade, and energy policies. Construction industry is one of the main industries contributing to the global economy and sustainable development. It has, however, bigger environmental footprint than majority of the other industries. Green innovations can contribute to the reduction in the environmental footprint of the construction industry. For this reason, green innovation in the construction industry needs to be supported by the effective policies. This chapter aims to introduce and investigate the political economy of the green innovations in the construction industry. This chapter emphasizes that the effectiveness of the green innovations in the construction industry can be fostered by effective political economy and strategies.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125310380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2426-8.ch008
L. Kutschke
The goal of sustainable design and development is threefold, including economic, environmental, and social sustainability. While there are well-established methods for assessing the economic and environmental performance of products and buildings, the determination of social performance is less clear. This chapter explores the emerging field of social life cycle assessment (S-LCA), particularly as it relates to building materials and construction. This chapter includes 1) an introduction to and overview of S-LCA, summarized case studies of S-LCA; 2) a discussion of the relevance of S-LCA in sustainable design practice and education; 3) an examination of the role of environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA) in building performance standards and certifications as a model for the incorporation of S-LCA; and 4) a reflection on areas for future research, including the addition of social science theory and practice for methodology, criteria, and metric development.
{"title":"Social Life-Cycle Assessment for Building Materials","authors":"L. Kutschke","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2426-8.ch008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2426-8.ch008","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of sustainable design and development is threefold, including economic, environmental, and social sustainability. While there are well-established methods for assessing the economic and environmental performance of products and buildings, the determination of social performance is less clear. This chapter explores the emerging field of social life cycle assessment (S-LCA), particularly as it relates to building materials and construction. This chapter includes 1) an introduction to and overview of S-LCA, summarized case studies of S-LCA; 2) a discussion of the relevance of S-LCA in sustainable design practice and education; 3) an examination of the role of environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA) in building performance standards and certifications as a model for the incorporation of S-LCA; and 4) a reflection on areas for future research, including the addition of social science theory and practice for methodology, criteria, and metric development.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2803-7.ch004
R. Mathew, Vikram Kulkarni
Green building (GB) is a game changer as the world is moving towards conserving its resources. Green building management systems available nowadays are too expensive and cannot cater to small or medium-sized buildings. Internet of things-based systems use simple, low-cost sensors, signal processing, and high-level learning methods. Studies on building occupancy and human activities help improve design and push the energy conservation levels. With huge amounts of data and improved learning systems, the impetus is to capture the information and use it well to improve design and justify the green building concept. Cloud-based architecture helps to monitor, capture, and process the data, which acts as input to intelligent learning systems, which in turn help to improve the design and performance of current green building management systems. This chapter discusses role of cloud-based internet of things architecture in improving design and performance of current building management systems.
{"title":"Cloud-Based IoT Architecture for Green Buildings","authors":"R. Mathew, Vikram Kulkarni","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2803-7.ch004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2803-7.ch004","url":null,"abstract":"Green building (GB) is a game changer as the world is moving towards conserving its resources. Green building management systems available nowadays are too expensive and cannot cater to small or medium-sized buildings. Internet of things-based systems use simple, low-cost sensors, signal processing, and high-level learning methods. Studies on building occupancy and human activities help improve design and push the energy conservation levels. With huge amounts of data and improved learning systems, the impetus is to capture the information and use it well to improve design and justify the green building concept. Cloud-based architecture helps to monitor, capture, and process the data, which acts as input to intelligent learning systems, which in turn help to improve the design and performance of current green building management systems. This chapter discusses role of cloud-based internet of things architecture in improving design and performance of current building management systems.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125041818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7808-6.CH010
E. Ojo-Fafore, C. Aigbavboa, W. Thwala, Pretty Remaru
Green buildings have become one of the most famous and fastest growing construction concepts. As the world is becoming environmentally viable, all investors and contractual workers will need to know the figures of green financing and if the dangers of contributing are justified regardless of the arrival sum. This chapter aims to compare green building and conventional building using the cost differences and economy impact to ascertain the benefits of green building over the conventional building of green building. Data was collected through questionnaire survey from 50 construction professionals. The result of this chapter shows that green buildings are more expensive than conventional buildings; however, the benefits accrue from green building makes green building cheaper in the long run.
{"title":"Green Finance for Sustainable Global Growth","authors":"E. Ojo-Fafore, C. Aigbavboa, W. Thwala, Pretty Remaru","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7808-6.CH010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7808-6.CH010","url":null,"abstract":"Green buildings have become one of the most famous and fastest growing construction concepts. As the world is becoming environmentally viable, all investors and contractual workers will need to know the figures of green financing and if the dangers of contributing are justified regardless of the arrival sum. This chapter aims to compare green building and conventional building using the cost differences and economy impact to ascertain the benefits of green building over the conventional building of green building. Data was collected through questionnaire survey from 50 construction professionals. The result of this chapter shows that green buildings are more expensive than conventional buildings; however, the benefits accrue from green building makes green building cheaper in the long run.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123891464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2173-1.ch012
Syed Shahid Khan
This chapter introduces the concept and connotation of the green building supply chain and summarizes its particularity. The author analyses the cooperation of stakeholders in the green building supply chain and discusses how to promote the cooperation of stakeholders in green building supply chain from two perspectives of environment construction and system construction, to further promote the stable development of green building supply chain. The chapter introduces the concept and connotation of the green building supply chain and summarizes its particularity. This chapter analyses the cooperation of stakeholders in the green building supply chain and discusses how to promote the cooperation of stakeholders in green building supply chain from two perspectives of environment construction and system construction, to further promote the stable development of green building supply chain.
{"title":"Construction of Cooperative Environment and Institution for Green Building Supply Chain Subjects","authors":"Syed Shahid Khan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2173-1.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2173-1.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces the concept and connotation of the green building supply chain and summarizes its particularity. The author analyses the cooperation of stakeholders in the green building supply chain and discusses how to promote the cooperation of stakeholders in green building supply chain from two perspectives of environment construction and system construction, to further promote the stable development of green building supply chain. The chapter introduces the concept and connotation of the green building supply chain and summarizes its particularity. This chapter analyses the cooperation of stakeholders in the green building supply chain and discusses how to promote the cooperation of stakeholders in green building supply chain from two perspectives of environment construction and system construction, to further promote the stable development of green building supply chain.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114950198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-8970-9.CH017
Gamze Tatlici, B. Sertyesilisik
The construction industry is one of the industries that have a great impact on the economy. A construction supply chain (CSC) is an important process affecting the circular economy (CE) and sustainability in practice. In order to analyze the efficiency of CE and CSC, a performance measurement system (PMS) is needed. At such a point, adopting a PMS to a supply chain at relatively early stages of a project could lead to sustainable supply chain management (SCM). Collaboration between all parties such as designers and contractors will be advantageous to gain competitiveness in the sector. This chapter aims to determine the need of PMS adaptation to construction supply chain process for sustainable and lean construction supply chain management based on the literature review. This chapter is expected to be beneficial for academics, researchers in the relevant field as well as policy makers and professionals.
{"title":"Integrating Performance Measurement Systems Into the Global Lean and Sustainable Construction Supply Chain Management","authors":"Gamze Tatlici, B. Sertyesilisik","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8970-9.CH017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8970-9.CH017","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is one of the industries that have a great impact on the economy. A construction supply chain (CSC) is an important process affecting the circular economy (CE) and sustainability in practice. In order to analyze the efficiency of CE and CSC, a performance measurement system (PMS) is needed. At such a point, adopting a PMS to a supply chain at relatively early stages of a project could lead to sustainable supply chain management (SCM). Collaboration between all parties such as designers and contractors will be advantageous to gain competitiveness in the sector. This chapter aims to determine the need of PMS adaptation to construction supply chain process for sustainable and lean construction supply chain management based on the literature review. This chapter is expected to be beneficial for academics, researchers in the relevant field as well as policy makers and professionals.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122933934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-9104-7.CH011
R. Staiger
Renovating buildings is more useful than ever. Due to future rising energy prices, energy costs in poorly insulated buildings are an important component of operating costs. Another important point is the rapidly growing emissions from the combustion of fossil energy sources. Good insulation in buildings reduces the amount of primary energy and thus, less greenhouse gases are emitted. The renovation potential is high. A large part of the properties consumes more energy than would actually be necessary. Common construction without thermal insulation is responsible for this. It is advisable to invest in renovation, also, in thermal insulation. This will benefit you in two ways. The ancillary (additional) costs will be reduced massively, the living comfort increases and by today's state subsidies in many countries they will make a contribution to the investment costs.
{"title":"Economic Analysis for Green Residential and Non-Residential Building Envelopes","authors":"R. Staiger","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9104-7.CH011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9104-7.CH011","url":null,"abstract":"Renovating buildings is more useful than ever. Due to future rising energy prices, energy costs in poorly insulated buildings are an important component of operating costs. Another important point is the rapidly growing emissions from the combustion of fossil energy sources. Good insulation in buildings reduces the amount of primary energy and thus, less greenhouse gases are emitted. The renovation potential is high. A large part of the properties consumes more energy than would actually be necessary. Common construction without thermal insulation is responsible for this. It is advisable to invest in renovation, also, in thermal insulation. This will benefit you in two ways. The ancillary (additional) costs will be reduced massively, the living comfort increases and by today's state subsidies in many countries they will make a contribution to the investment costs.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125268119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH002
B. Brownell
Current approaches to designing sustainable buildings are inadequate for meeting environmental goals. Buildings continue to consume nearly half of all resources, and architects, engineers, and contractors remain complicit in their deficient environmental performance—as well as the consequential global overshoot of resource consumption. It is imperative that the AEC industry pursue an alternative approach to green rating systems with the intent to determine measurable, absolute outcomes. The most appropriate existing model is the ecological footprint (EF) method devised by Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees at the University of British Columbia in the early 1990s. EF quantifies the human demand on the environment in terms of both resources and waste, translating these impacts into land area equivalents. This chapter aims to evaluate EF methodology for buildings by analyzing existing models and proposing new approaches while identifying their respective opportunities and limitations.
{"title":"Determining Architecture's Footprint","authors":"B. Brownell","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6995-4.CH002","url":null,"abstract":"Current approaches to designing sustainable buildings are inadequate for meeting environmental goals. Buildings continue to consume nearly half of all resources, and architects, engineers, and contractors remain complicit in their deficient environmental performance—as well as the consequential global overshoot of resource consumption. It is imperative that the AEC industry pursue an alternative approach to green rating systems with the intent to determine measurable, absolute outcomes. The most appropriate existing model is the ecological footprint (EF) method devised by Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees at the University of British Columbia in the early 1990s. EF quantifies the human demand on the environment in terms of both resources and waste, translating these impacts into land area equivalents. This chapter aims to evaluate EF methodology for buildings by analyzing existing models and proposing new approaches while identifying their respective opportunities and limitations.","PeriodicalId":331519,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125515006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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