We retrospectively assessed sex-related differences in duration of hospital stay and mortality among medical admissions at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Nigeria between January 1996 and December, 2005. Seventeen thousand six hundred and fifty patients, consisting of 10,040 (56.9%) males and 7,610 (43.1%) females were admitted during the period under review. Of these, 4220 died which was made up of 2624 (62.2%) males and 1596 (37.8%) females with overall percentage mortality of 23.9%. Mortality rate was significantly higher (Chi=62.5, p=0.0001) in males (26.1%) than in females (20.97%). The percentages of deaths due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Tuberculosis (TB), neoplasms and haematological disorders were higher in females than in males (p=0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). However, deaths from gastrointestinal system and liver, and endocrine system were higher in males (p=0.0001 and 0.02 respectively) than in females. We recommend gender specific community interventions for the control of HIV/AIDS, TB and liver diseases in the population studied.
{"title":"Gender Disparities In Mortality Among Medical Admissions Of A Tertiary Health Facility In Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"P. Kolo, A. Chijioke","doi":"10.5580/15f9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/15f9","url":null,"abstract":"We retrospectively assessed sex-related differences in duration of hospital stay and mortality among medical admissions at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Nigeria between January 1996 and December, 2005. Seventeen thousand six hundred and fifty patients, consisting of 10,040 (56.9%) males and 7,610 (43.1%) females were admitted during the period under review. Of these, 4220 died which was made up of 2624 (62.2%) males and 1596 (37.8%) females with overall percentage mortality of 23.9%. Mortality rate was significantly higher (Chi=62.5, p=0.0001) in males (26.1%) than in females (20.97%). The percentages of deaths due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Tuberculosis (TB), neoplasms and haematological disorders were higher in females than in males (p=0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). However, deaths from gastrointestinal system and liver, and endocrine system were higher in males (p=0.0001 and 0.02 respectively) than in females. We recommend gender specific community interventions for the control of HIV/AIDS, TB and liver diseases in the population studied.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129976835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rhinosporidiosis and its causative organism are known more than hundred years but its mode of infection and transmission is still unknown. Here we report a case of rhinosporidiosis in the face induced by trauma with successful outcome with surgery.
{"title":"Rhinosporidiosis Of The Face","authors":"D. Pal, Sukumar Maity, M. K. Chowdhury","doi":"10.5580/2565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2565","url":null,"abstract":"Rhinosporidiosis and its causative organism are known more than hundred years but its mode of infection and transmission is still unknown. Here we report a case of rhinosporidiosis in the face induced by trauma with successful outcome with surgery.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132499401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses mainly on the impact of utilization of heath care services on child mortality, using data from the 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health survey (BDHS, 2004). The study elucidate that 1 in 11 children born in Bangladesh dies before reaching the fifth birthday, while 1 in 15 children dies before reaching the first birthday. A child’s risk of dying is highest during the first month of life. From relative hazards we found that child mortality is higher among mothers who do not take sufficient ANC and also not receive assistance from medically trained personnel. Mothers whose place of delivery is any hospital were reported less child mortality as against their opposite counterparts. The result suggests that certain socioeconomic factors like mothers and father’s education are related to reduce the child mortality risks. An increase of one moth in the duration of breastfeeding by mothers decreases the hazard risks of child mortality. The household infrastructure variables like household electricity and household assets index seems to have little insight relationship with child mortality. The mortality hazard is 1.32 times higher if there is no provision of electricity in the household. Child mortality was reported 0.72 and 0.53 times less among mothers whose household’s assets position is medium and higher than lower index.
{"title":"Factors Affecting on Child Survival in Bangladesh: Cox Proportional Hazards Model Analysis","authors":"M. Rahman","doi":"10.5580/7b6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/7b6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses mainly on the impact of utilization of heath care services on child mortality, using data from the 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health survey (BDHS, 2004). The study elucidate that 1 in 11 children born in Bangladesh dies before reaching the fifth birthday, while 1 in 15 children dies before reaching the first birthday. A child’s risk of dying is highest during the first month of life. From relative hazards we found that child mortality is higher among mothers who do not take sufficient ANC and also not receive assistance from medically trained personnel. Mothers whose place of delivery is any hospital were reported less child mortality as against their opposite counterparts. The result suggests that certain socioeconomic factors like mothers and father’s education are related to reduce the child mortality risks. An increase of one moth in the duration of breastfeeding by mothers decreases the hazard risks of child mortality. The household infrastructure variables like household electricity and household assets index seems to have little insight relationship with child mortality. The mortality hazard is 1.32 times higher if there is no provision of electricity in the household. Child mortality was reported 0.72 and 0.53 times less among mothers whose household’s assets position is medium and higher than lower index.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114217946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The prevalence of giardiasis and amoebiasis as concurrent infections in Nigerian children diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum malaria was investigated. From the results, 69 (27.6%) of the 250 children diagnosed with malaria, were concurrently infected by amoebiasis, 13 (5.20%) were infected by giardiasis, while 38 (15.2%) were infected by both giardiasis and amoebiasis. In all, 119 (47.60%) of the test population were concurrently infected by either one or both protozoan infections. The prevalence of giardiasis and mixed giardiasis/amoebiasis infections was significantly (p<.05) higher in the malaria-positive subjects than in the malaria-free group. However, the prevalence of amoebiasis in the malaria-positive group (27.6%) was lower than the prevalence (37.14%) in the malaria-negative control. It is concluded that a relatively high percentage of cases of childhood malaria in Nigeria is confounded by giardiasis and amoebiasis with severe implications for severity, duration and eventual outcome of illness.
{"title":"Concurrent giardiasis and amoebiasis infections in Nigerian children diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: prevalence and pathophysiological implications.","authors":"B. C. Nwanguma, E. Alumanah","doi":"10.5580/1f4c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1f4c","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of giardiasis and amoebiasis as concurrent infections in Nigerian children diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum malaria was investigated. From the results, 69 (27.6%) of the 250 children diagnosed with malaria, were concurrently infected by amoebiasis, 13 (5.20%) were infected by giardiasis, while 38 (15.2%) were infected by both giardiasis and amoebiasis. In all, 119 (47.60%) of the test population were concurrently infected by either one or both protozoan infections. The prevalence of giardiasis and mixed giardiasis/amoebiasis infections was significantly (p<.05) higher in the malaria-positive subjects than in the malaria-free group. However, the prevalence of amoebiasis in the malaria-positive group (27.6%) was lower than the prevalence (37.14%) in the malaria-negative control. It is concluded that a relatively high percentage of cases of childhood malaria in Nigeria is confounded by giardiasis and amoebiasis with severe implications for severity, duration and eventual outcome of illness.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116560117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculosis is extremely common in Indian subcontinent. It may involve virtually any system of the body. We are presenting a case of 21 years old immunocompetent female who presented to us with features of abdominal kochs. Subsequent investigations revealed tubercular involvement of lungs, intestines, brain, bone and soft tissue. Patient responded very well to antitubercular therapy.
{"title":"Disseminated Tuberculosis In A Immunocompetent Patient Involving Lungs, Intestines, Brain, Bone And Soft Tissue","authors":"N. Gupta, P. Garg, N. Hadke","doi":"10.5580/1f5b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1f5b","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is extremely common in Indian subcontinent. It may involve virtually any system of the body. We are presenting a case of 21 years old immunocompetent female who presented to us with features of abdominal kochs. Subsequent investigations revealed tubercular involvement of lungs, intestines, brain, bone and soft tissue. Patient responded very well to antitubercular therapy.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128838791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The antimicrobial activity of amchur (dried pulp of unripe Mangifera indica) extract (50% ethanol) was tested against ten bacterial strains (7 Gram-positive and 3 Gram-negative) & seven fungi by agar well diffusion assays. The crude extract exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity inhibiting both the groups of bacteria. The extract was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (26.0mm). Bacillus mycoides was found to be the most sensitive, with the lowest MIC of 62.5mg/mL, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (125mg/mL each), whereas Micrococcus luteus was found to be the most resistant surviving up to 500mg/mL. However, the extract was found to be ineffective against majority of test fungal species. Only Alternaria sp. & Penicillium sp. was found to be partially sensitive to the extract. The phytochemical analysis of amchur extract revealed the presence of tannins & terpenes. This study shows the potential for replacement of synthetic preservatives by the use of natural extracts.
{"title":"Antimicrobial & Phytochemical Studies Of Amchur (Dried Pulp Of Unripe Mangifera Indica) Extract On Some Food Borne Bacteria","authors":"C. Gupta, A. Garg, R. C. Uniyal","doi":"10.5580/f35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/f35","url":null,"abstract":"The antimicrobial activity of amchur (dried pulp of unripe Mangifera indica) extract (50% ethanol) was tested against ten bacterial strains (7 Gram-positive and 3 Gram-negative) & seven fungi by agar well diffusion assays. The crude extract exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity inhibiting both the groups of bacteria. The extract was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (26.0mm). Bacillus mycoides was found to be the most sensitive, with the lowest MIC of 62.5mg/mL, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (125mg/mL each), whereas Micrococcus luteus was found to be the most resistant surviving up to 500mg/mL. However, the extract was found to be ineffective against majority of test fungal species. Only Alternaria sp. & Penicillium sp. was found to be partially sensitive to the extract. The phytochemical analysis of amchur extract revealed the presence of tannins & terpenes. This study shows the potential for replacement of synthetic preservatives by the use of natural extracts.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116775100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Significant number of deliveries in the developing world takes place at home mostly conducted by traditional birth attendants. Some of their practices are harmful and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality especially if untrained. This study was carried out to document harmful practices, training status and problems of the traditional birth attendants in Konduga Local Government Area of Borno State, North Eastern Nigeria.Methods: Data was collected based on a proforma questionnaire administered to traditional birth attendants by final year medical students supervised by consultant staff from departments of paediatrics and Community Medicine of the University of Maiduguri.Results: There were a total of 48 traditional birth attendants (TBAs) spread across the 5 districts of Konduga Local Government. Forty six (95.8%) were aged ≥ 35years with only 2 (4.2%) below age 35 years. Only 12 (25%) TBAs had some form of training while 36 (75%) did not have any form of training. All the trained TBAs sterilize their delivery kits before any delivery. Cord was severed using a new razor blade by 44 (91.7%) of the TBAs, 3 (6.3%) used bamboo or back of corn stick, while one (2.1%) used a pair of scissors. Various items used in securing the cord includes tie with thread 38 (79.2%), massage and application of warm or cold water before cutting 5 (10.4%), tie with string 3 (6.3%) and soak in dettol 2 (4.2%). Difficulties encountered by the TBAs during conduct of deliveries includes retained placenta 4 (8.3%), breech delivery 4 (8.3%), lack of facilities 2 (4.2%), obstruction 2 (4.2%), antenatal bleeding 1 (2.1%), all of the above 1 (2.1%) and none 34 (70.8%). When asked if they know of a child who have died as a result of stiffness during the cord care period, 23 (47.9%) said yes while 25 (52.1%) said no. Twenty five (52.1%) said it is not too common, 3 (6.3%) said it is common, only 1 (2.1%) said it is very common, while 19 (39.6%) said they have not seen or are not aware of the illness. Eleven (22.9%) of the TBAs saw about 1-2 cases of children dying of stiffness in the last one month, 2 (4.2%) saw 3 and above of such cases, while 35 (72.9%) said they have not seen any of such cases in the last one month.When asked what danger they think can result from not taking proper care of the cord, 18 (37.5%) said sickness /death, 14 (29.2%) said abdominal distention or perforation, 6 (12.5%) said stiffness, 5 (10.4%) said poor cord healing while 5 (10.4%) said they don’t know.Conclusion: In conclusion, there are few facilities and skilled attendants in Konduga Local Government Area to manage normal deliveries and diagnose, manage or refer obstetric and neonatal complications. There is therefore the need for training and retraining of TBAs on safe delivery and good cord care practices. The development of an effective referral system for referral of complicated deliveries and newborn problems needs serious consideration. This will go a long way in low
{"title":"Traditional Birth Attendants: Practices & Problems In Konduga Local Government Area Of Borno State; North Eastern Nigeria","authors":"M. Bello, J. Ambe, S. Yahaya, B. Omotara","doi":"10.5580/1abb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1abb","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Significant number of deliveries in the developing world takes place at home mostly conducted by traditional birth attendants. Some of their practices are harmful and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality especially if untrained. This study was carried out to document harmful practices, training status and problems of the traditional birth attendants in Konduga Local Government Area of Borno State, North Eastern Nigeria.Methods: Data was collected based on a proforma questionnaire administered to traditional birth attendants by final year medical students supervised by consultant staff from departments of paediatrics and Community Medicine of the University of Maiduguri.Results: There were a total of 48 traditional birth attendants (TBAs) spread across the 5 districts of Konduga Local Government. Forty six (95.8%) were aged ≥ 35years with only 2 (4.2%) below age 35 years. Only 12 (25%) TBAs had some form of training while 36 (75%) did not have any form of training. All the trained TBAs sterilize their delivery kits before any delivery. Cord was severed using a new razor blade by 44 (91.7%) of the TBAs, 3 (6.3%) used bamboo or back of corn stick, while one (2.1%) used a pair of scissors. Various items used in securing the cord includes tie with thread 38 (79.2%), massage and application of warm or cold water before cutting 5 (10.4%), tie with string 3 (6.3%) and soak in dettol 2 (4.2%). Difficulties encountered by the TBAs during conduct of deliveries includes retained placenta 4 (8.3%), breech delivery 4 (8.3%), lack of facilities 2 (4.2%), obstruction 2 (4.2%), antenatal bleeding 1 (2.1%), all of the above 1 (2.1%) and none 34 (70.8%). When asked if they know of a child who have died as a result of stiffness during the cord care period, 23 (47.9%) said yes while 25 (52.1%) said no. Twenty five (52.1%) said it is not too common, 3 (6.3%) said it is common, only 1 (2.1%) said it is very common, while 19 (39.6%) said they have not seen or are not aware of the illness. Eleven (22.9%) of the TBAs saw about 1-2 cases of children dying of stiffness in the last one month, 2 (4.2%) saw 3 and above of such cases, while 35 (72.9%) said they have not seen any of such cases in the last one month.When asked what danger they think can result from not taking proper care of the cord, 18 (37.5%) said sickness /death, 14 (29.2%) said abdominal distention or perforation, 6 (12.5%) said stiffness, 5 (10.4%) said poor cord healing while 5 (10.4%) said they don’t know.Conclusion: In conclusion, there are few facilities and skilled attendants in Konduga Local Government Area to manage normal deliveries and diagnose, manage or refer obstetric and neonatal complications. There is therefore the need for training and retraining of TBAs on safe delivery and good cord care practices. The development of an effective referral system for referral of complicated deliveries and newborn problems needs serious consideration. This will go a long way in low","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114897285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons is a complex phenomenon in the third world and largely unexplored in the country like India. This paper has been designed with an objective to find out the influence of different individual, household and state level factors in treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons using the data from NSS 58th round-2002 disabled persons in India. More than one fifth of disabled persons have not received or presently not going for any treatment after the onset of disability in India. From the analysis it is well depicted that Individual as well as household and state level variables have a significant influence in deciding the treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons.
{"title":"A Multilevel Exploration of Treatment Seeking Behaviour of Disabled Persons in India","authors":"S. K. Patel","doi":"10.5580/37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/37","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons is a complex phenomenon in the third world and largely unexplored in the country like India. This paper has been designed with an objective to find out the influence of different individual, household and state level factors in treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons using the data from NSS 58th round-2002 disabled persons in India. More than one fifth of disabled persons have not received or presently not going for any treatment after the onset of disability in India. From the analysis it is well depicted that Individual as well as household and state level variables have a significant influence in deciding the treatment seeking behaviour of disabled persons.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121223446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report the case of a 19 year old male who presented with an ulcerated skin lesion on his right forearm. Given his past history and the clinical picture, the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis was established. An oral antibiotic therapy was prescribed and cure was achieved within one month.
{"title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis contracted in French Guiana: A case report","authors":"Y. Meunier","doi":"10.5580/489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/489","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a 19 year old male who presented with an ulcerated skin lesion on his right forearm. Given his past history and the clinical picture, the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis was established. An oral antibiotic therapy was prescribed and cure was achieved within one month.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126123702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyperinsulinaemia has been hypothesized to underlie the pathophysiology of diabetes and hypertension especially as they relate to the deadly quartet or metabolic syndrome. Our aim in embarking on this study was to determine the proportion of individuals whose primary diagnosis was diabetes that also had hypertension in the Northeast zone of Nigeria. In this study we analysed the clinic records of 100 newly presenting diabetic patients and reported on their demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, blood pressures and urinalysis results. Our study population was made up of 53 male and 47 female diabetic patients whose ages ranged between 19 and 78 years old with a mean and standard deviation of 46.2 +/-13.2 years. Twenty percent of the male and 72.7 % of the female had greater than 102 and 88 cm waist circumferences respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) for the group was 26.35 +/5.45 kg/m2 but 58.6% of the study population was either overweight or obese. Prehypertension was present in 36 % of the group but only 37% of the diabetic patients achieved the recommended BP goal of < 130/80 mmHg while hypertension stages 1&2 was seen in 37 % of the group at the first visit and 43 % at the second visit. Prehypertension, hypertension, overweight and obesity are common in the newly presenting diabetic patients in the sub-Sahara Africa. The study findings call for action at the primary health care level to reduce the burden of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors at the community level.
{"title":"Prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension and high body mass index in newly presenting diabetics in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"E. Nwankwo, A. C. Ene, B. Nwankwo","doi":"10.5580/1b0c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1b0c","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperinsulinaemia has been hypothesized to underlie the pathophysiology of diabetes and hypertension especially as they relate to the deadly quartet or metabolic syndrome. Our aim in embarking on this study was to determine the proportion of individuals whose primary diagnosis was diabetes that also had hypertension in the Northeast zone of Nigeria. In this study we analysed the clinic records of 100 newly presenting diabetic patients and reported on their demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, blood pressures and urinalysis results. Our study population was made up of 53 male and 47 female diabetic patients whose ages ranged between 19 and 78 years old with a mean and standard deviation of 46.2 +/-13.2 years. Twenty percent of the male and 72.7 % of the female had greater than 102 and 88 cm waist circumferences respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) for the group was 26.35 +/5.45 kg/m2 but 58.6% of the study population was either overweight or obese. Prehypertension was present in 36 % of the group but only 37% of the diabetic patients achieved the recommended BP goal of < 130/80 mmHg while hypertension stages 1&2 was seen in 37 % of the group at the first visit and 43 % at the second visit. Prehypertension, hypertension, overweight and obesity are common in the newly presenting diabetic patients in the sub-Sahara Africa. The study findings call for action at the primary health care level to reduce the burden of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors at the community level.","PeriodicalId":331725,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124069465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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