Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-140-153
V. Kalyu, D. A. Smirnov, V. Tarovik, M. Sergeev, V. Petrova
Object and purpose of research. Ensuring the environmental safety of the Russian shelf waters requires constant development of methods and technologies related to monitoring, quantitative assessment and reduction of the harmful effects of pollution sources. During the industrial and transport development of the water area of the Northern Sea Route (NSR), an intensive increase of underwater noise is observed. Obtaining an adequate picture of the impact of underwater noise sources on representatives of the marine ecosystem creates a need to involve more and more modern and accurate measurement techniques. The article describes the draft methods for measuring the self-noise of carrier vessel and underwater noise of a selected marine equipment object, which were developed in order to identify the degree of impact of noise pollution over to the ecological situation in the considered water area. Materials and methods. An hydro acoustic signals contains the self-noise of measuring vessel, the noise of an object of marine industrial equipment (OMIE) and the noise of the water area where acoustic tests are going on. This acoustic signals are perceived by combined sound pressure and sound pressure gradient transducers, as well as by an omnidirectional hydrophone, located in the receiving system , and are converted into electrical signals transmitted via the main cable to the onboard post of the measuring vessel. Signals are sent to the hydro acoustic guidance beacon via the same cable to control the operation of this beacon. The information processing procedure is set out in the SIGAK VP Operation Manual (MGFK.411711.327 RE). The main purpose of the primary processing is to obtain 1/3-octave spectra and levels of underwater noise generated by the tested carrier vessel or OMIE, as well as the noise of the water area where these tests are carried out. In accordance with the accepted classification, the method of measuring sound pressure levels using a hydro acoustic complex according to this technique refers to indirect methods with single observations. Main results. In the course of the work, preliminary methods for measuring the self-noise of measuring vessel and underwater noise of a selected marine industrial object were developed. To measure the levels of underwater noise in 1/3-octave frequency bands in the range from 5 Hz to 10,000 Hz, within the framework of the draft methods, it is planned to use a stationary measuring hydro acoustic complex with a vector receiver from the GIK-VP. The signal processing algorithms are based on the spatial-frequency filtering of the acoustic power flux density components, which makes it possible to protect the measurement information from interference signals whose propagation direction does not coincide with the direction to the measured object. Conclusion. The results obtained in the form of implemented preliminary methods are important for the creation of regulatory documentation for the regulation of technogenic u
{"title":"The environmental safety of the Russian arctic shelf waters and improving the safety of marine ecosystems by reducing the noise pollution","authors":"V. Kalyu, D. A. Smirnov, V. Tarovik, M. Sergeev, V. Petrova","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-140-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-140-153","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. Ensuring the environmental safety of the Russian shelf waters requires constant development of methods and technologies related to monitoring, quantitative assessment and reduction of the harmful effects of pollution sources. During the industrial and transport development of the water area of the Northern Sea Route (NSR), an intensive increase of underwater noise is observed. Obtaining an adequate picture of the impact of underwater noise sources on representatives of the marine ecosystem creates a need to involve more and more modern and accurate measurement techniques. The article describes the draft methods for measuring the self-noise of carrier vessel and underwater noise of a selected marine equipment object, which were developed in order to identify the degree of impact of noise pollution over to the ecological situation in the considered water area. Materials and methods. An hydro acoustic signals contains the self-noise of measuring vessel, the noise of an object of marine industrial equipment (OMIE) and the noise of the water area where acoustic tests are going on. This acoustic signals are perceived by combined sound pressure and sound pressure gradient transducers, as well as by an omnidirectional hydrophone, located in the receiving system , and are converted into electrical signals transmitted via the main cable to the onboard post of the measuring vessel. Signals are sent to the hydro acoustic guidance beacon via the same cable to control the operation of this beacon. The information processing procedure is set out in the SIGAK VP Operation Manual (MGFK.411711.327 RE). The main purpose of the primary processing is to obtain 1/3-octave spectra and levels of underwater noise generated by the tested carrier vessel or OMIE, as well as the noise of the water area where these tests are carried out. In accordance with the accepted classification, the method of measuring sound pressure levels using a hydro acoustic complex according to this technique refers to indirect methods with single observations. Main results. In the course of the work, preliminary methods for measuring the self-noise of measuring vessel and underwater noise of a selected marine industrial object were developed. To measure the levels of underwater noise in 1/3-octave frequency bands in the range from 5 Hz to 10,000 Hz, within the framework of the draft methods, it is planned to use a stationary measuring hydro acoustic complex with a vector receiver from the GIK-VP. The signal processing algorithms are based on the spatial-frequency filtering of the acoustic power flux density components, which makes it possible to protect the measurement information from interference signals whose propagation direction does not coincide with the direction to the measured object. Conclusion. The results obtained in the form of implemented preliminary methods are important for the creation of regulatory documentation for the regulation of technogenic u","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49485639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-97-107
I. Kudinovich, G.A. Makeyev, V. Platonov, A.J. Suteyeva, G. Shuvalov
Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses an upgraded floating nuclear power plant (NPP) to justify its nuclear and radiation safety under external effects. Materials and methods. The authors follow the methods of system analysis. Main results. Following the requirements of Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) and Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (Rostekhnadzor) to the safety of upgraded floating NPP reactors, this study explored the incidents related to external loads on floating NPPs, drawing up the list of initiating events and their respective probabilities of occurrence, as well as predicting final states of floating NPPs and their reactors as per the data on hull and equipment damage, with the assessment of corresponding radiation hazards. Conclusion. Nuclear and radiation safety justification of upgraded floating NPP was justified as per the regulations in force and Krylov State Research Centre procedures. If an icebreaker rams the reactor compartment of upgraded floating NPPs at the speed exceeding 6.5 knots, primary coolant circuit might leak, thus triggering a radioactive discharge into sea water that might create a contaminated spot up to 325 m in size. The worst-case scenario in terms of radiation hazard is a hypothetical (unlikely) off-design case of a medium-range airliner crash onto the upgraded floating NPP destroying all reactor protection barriers, so all humans within the range of 3.8 km might receive dangerous radiation doses and all population within the range of up to 20 km will have to be evacuated.
{"title":"Safety justification for upgraded floating nuclear power plant reactors under external effects","authors":"I. Kudinovich, G.A. Makeyev, V. Platonov, A.J. Suteyeva, G. Shuvalov","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-97-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-97-107","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses an upgraded floating nuclear power plant (NPP) to justify its nuclear and radiation safety under external effects. Materials and methods. The authors follow the methods of system analysis. Main results. Following the requirements of Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) and Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (Rostekhnadzor) to the safety of upgraded floating NPP reactors, this study explored the incidents related to external loads on floating NPPs, drawing up the list of initiating events and their respective probabilities of occurrence, as well as predicting final states of floating NPPs and their reactors as per the data on hull and equipment damage, with the assessment of corresponding radiation hazards. Conclusion. Nuclear and radiation safety justification of upgraded floating NPP was justified as per the regulations in force and Krylov State Research Centre procedures. If an icebreaker rams the reactor compartment of upgraded floating NPPs at the speed exceeding 6.5 knots, primary coolant circuit might leak, thus triggering a radioactive discharge into sea water that might create a contaminated spot up to 325 m in size. The worst-case scenario in terms of radiation hazard is a hypothetical (unlikely) off-design case of a medium-range airliner crash onto the upgraded floating NPP destroying all reactor protection barriers, so all humans within the range of 3.8 km might receive dangerous radiation doses and all population within the range of up to 20 km will have to be evacuated.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42764815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-58-67
V. Kotlovich
Object and purpose of research. The object of research is the results of self-propelled ship tests in bollard-pull conditions. The purpose is to analyse the hydrodynamic sources giving rise to differences between propeller thrust coefficient in open-water and behind-hull conditions. Materials and methods. Analysis based on the ideal propeller theory shows that the velocity ΔV of inflow on propeller operating behind ship hull in bollard-pull conditions caused by a system of sinks, ensuring flow attachment to hull surface, has a finite value and is actually the effective wake. The wake velocity for an open-water propeller is equal to the behind hull velocity. The open-water propeller thrust coefficient at advance ratio (formula) is due to the opposed jet of its reversal. It is shown that the thrust coefficient deviations at self-propelled tests in open-water has to do with the specifics of propeller thrust variations in the operating area adjacent to bollard-pull conditions. Boundaries of the operating area where the opposed jet affects the propeller curve at self-propelled tests are defined. Practical conclusions and recommendations are given following from the obtained data. Main results. The source of discrepancies between self-propelled test results for open-water propeller in bollard pull conditions and close operating area has been found. Recommendations are given on updating the test procedures for propeller and self-propelled model tests Conclusion. The paper is expected to be useful for understanding the ambiguity of self-propelled test results.
{"title":"Sources of differences between propeller thrust coefficients in bollard-pull conditions behind ship hull and in open water","authors":"V. Kotlovich","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-58-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-58-67","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. The object of research is the results of self-propelled ship tests in bollard-pull conditions. The purpose is to analyse the hydrodynamic sources giving rise to differences between propeller thrust coefficient in open-water and behind-hull conditions. Materials and methods. Analysis based on the ideal propeller theory shows that the velocity ΔV of inflow on propeller operating behind ship hull in bollard-pull conditions caused by a system of sinks, ensuring flow attachment to hull surface, has a finite value and is actually the effective wake. The wake velocity for an open-water propeller is equal to the behind hull velocity. The open-water propeller thrust coefficient at advance ratio (formula) is due to the opposed jet of its reversal. It is shown that the thrust coefficient deviations at self-propelled tests in open-water has to do with the specifics of propeller thrust variations in the operating area adjacent to bollard-pull conditions. Boundaries of the operating area where the opposed jet affects the propeller curve at self-propelled tests are defined. Practical conclusions and recommendations are given following from the obtained data. Main results. The source of discrepancies between self-propelled test results for open-water propeller in bollard pull conditions and close operating area has been found. Recommendations are given on updating the test procedures for propeller and self-propelled model tests Conclusion. The paper is expected to be useful for understanding the ambiguity of self-propelled test results.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46284567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-108-116
B. F. Dmitriev, S. Galushin, S. A. Sogonov, А.Yu. Rozov, М.A. Маksimova
Object and purpose of research. The control of the operating modes of the propulsion electric motor (PEM) is carried out by semiconductor frequency converters, the use of which significantly worsens the quality of electricity on the common buses of the Marine Power Systems. The main reasons are a decrease in the power factor and the appearance of higher harmonics in the consumed current. As a result of this, the reliability of consumers' operation decreases, and power losses increase. Therefore, reducing these negative consequences is an urgent task. Materials and methods. Methods of theoretical electrical engineering, power theory were used. Main results. The method of operation of the reactive power control device for ensuring the quality of electricity, increasing the power factor and filtering higher harmonics in Marine Power Systems was considered and proposed. Conclusion. To ensure the quality of electrical energy of the reactive power compensator, it is necessary to use modern pulse-modulation control algorithms with direct microprocessor control.
{"title":"Development of control system for reactive power compensator of frequency converter for control of propulsion motor","authors":"B. F. Dmitriev, S. Galushin, S. A. Sogonov, А.Yu. Rozov, М.A. Маksimova","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-108-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-108-116","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. The control of the operating modes of the propulsion electric motor (PEM) is carried out by semiconductor frequency converters, the use of which significantly worsens the quality of electricity on the common buses of the Marine Power Systems. The main reasons are a decrease in the power factor and the appearance of higher harmonics in the consumed current. As a result of this, the reliability of consumers' operation decreases, and power losses increase. Therefore, reducing these negative consequences is an urgent task. Materials and methods. Methods of theoretical electrical engineering, power theory were used. Main results. The method of operation of the reactive power control device for ensuring the quality of electricity, increasing the power factor and filtering higher harmonics in Marine Power Systems was considered and proposed. Conclusion. To ensure the quality of electrical energy of the reactive power compensator, it is necessary to use modern pulse-modulation control algorithms with direct microprocessor control.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44311101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-68-78
K. Sazonov
Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses the methods for determination of propeller anti-torque in ice milling conditions. The purpose of the study was to investigate existing methods for propeller anti-torque determination, analyse their respective pros and cons and to trace out the paths of further studies towards a satisfactory description of propeller anti-torque. Materials and methods. This study relies on previous publications and experimental ice milling data from both laboratory tests and field measurements, as well as on full-scale measurement data obtained on propulsion shafts of real icebreakers and ice-going ships. Main results. Currently, there is a wide variety of methods for obtaining anti-torque data: regulatory, theoretical, model testing and full-scale measurements on ship shafting. Analysis of the regulations given in the recommendations of various class societies has shown considerable drawbacks in the calculation formulae used in them. This paper proves that the most viable method for propeller anti-torque determination is its reconstruction as per the results of full-scale measurements on shaft line. Conclusion. Current methods for determination of anti-torque do not describe this phenomenon exhaustively. The most promising solution here would be to perform full-scale trials and analyse their results.
{"title":"Determination of ice-induced anti-torque of propeller","authors":"K. Sazonov","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-68-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-68-78","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses the methods for determination of propeller anti-torque in ice milling conditions. The purpose of the study was to investigate existing methods for propeller anti-torque determination, analyse their respective pros and cons and to trace out the paths of further studies towards a satisfactory description of propeller anti-torque. Materials and methods. This study relies on previous publications and experimental ice milling data from both laboratory tests and field measurements, as well as on full-scale measurement data obtained on propulsion shafts of real icebreakers and ice-going ships. Main results. Currently, there is a wide variety of methods for obtaining anti-torque data: regulatory, theoretical, model testing and full-scale measurements on ship shafting. Analysis of the regulations given in the recommendations of various class societies has shown considerable drawbacks in the calculation formulae used in them. This paper proves that the most viable method for propeller anti-torque determination is its reconstruction as per the results of full-scale measurements on shaft line. Conclusion. Current methods for determination of anti-torque do not describe this phenomenon exhaustively. The most promising solution here would be to perform full-scale trials and analyse their results.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45008517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-129-134
V. Grigoryev, G. Tsitsikyan
Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses neutral grounding switchboard of electric power system aboard Arktika icebreaker and estimates fault current for given neutral resistance. Materials and methods. The paper relies on the technical specifications of neutral grounding switchboard and follows common methods of electric engineering. Main results. Fault current estimates for neutral grounding switchboard of TPS-36-2M2 synchronous turbogenset. Design of the switchboard. Conclusion. Electric power system aboard Arktika icebreaker has neutral resistance rating of 600 Ohm, which corresponds to High-Resistance Grounding class. Neutral grounding switchboard discussed in this paper has been in operation since 2020.
{"title":"Neutral grounding switchboard for 10.5 kV electric power system of Arktika icebreaker","authors":"V. Grigoryev, G. Tsitsikyan","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-129-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-129-134","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses neutral grounding switchboard of electric power system aboard Arktika icebreaker and estimates fault current for given neutral resistance. Materials and methods. The paper relies on the technical specifications of neutral grounding switchboard and follows common methods of electric engineering. Main results. Fault current estimates for neutral grounding switchboard of TPS-36-2M2 synchronous turbogenset. Design of the switchboard. Conclusion. Electric power system aboard Arktika icebreaker has neutral resistance rating of 600 Ohm, which corresponds to High-Resistance Grounding class. Neutral grounding switchboard discussed in this paper has been in operation since 2020.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42886249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-79-90
M. Kicha, V.A. Valuisky, V. Mikhailenko
Object and purpose of research. Investigation of the current and justification of the prospective technical level of emergency means of normalization and air purification of hermetic inhabited objects after the elimination of fires in them. Materials and methods. Analysis of technical documentation for used and prospective equipment. Main results. The main tactical and technical characteristics of a promising block-modular air purification system for sealed inhabited objects, mainly submarines, special structures and civil defense facilities equipped with various fire extinguishing systems, except for systems based on refrigerants. Conclusion. The data obtained can be used in the development of tactical and technical requirements for promising samples of special equipment, technical requirements for components and materials, including special testing equipment, gas control devices and non-metallic materials used in the manufacture of air purification products (sorbent, catalyst, filter paper).
{"title":"Development of tactical and technical requirements for promising means of normalization of the air environment after a fire","authors":"M. Kicha, V.A. Valuisky, V. Mikhailenko","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-79-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-79-90","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. Investigation of the current and justification of the prospective technical level of emergency means of normalization and air purification of hermetic inhabited objects after the elimination of fires in them. Materials and methods. Analysis of technical documentation for used and prospective equipment. Main results. The main tactical and technical characteristics of a promising block-modular air purification system for sealed inhabited objects, mainly submarines, special structures and civil defense facilities equipped with various fire extinguishing systems, except for systems based on refrigerants. Conclusion. The data obtained can be used in the development of tactical and technical requirements for promising samples of special equipment, technical requirements for components and materials, including special testing equipment, gas control devices and non-metallic materials used in the manufacture of air purification products (sorbent, catalyst, filter paper).","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47126926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-19-34
A. Pustoshny, V. Borusevich, A. Bushuev, F.I. Gaberzettel
Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses controllable-pitch propellers (CPPs) of various designs. The purpose of this study was to summarize the findings of CPP studies in Russia and abroad, as well as to identify current challenges in Russian CPP design and manufacturing. Materials and methods. This paper relies on the test data obtained at Deepwater Tank and cavitation tunnels of Krylov State Research Centre. It analyses the results of computational studies for CPP hydrodynamics and strength obtained as per the latest techniques of CFD and FE analysis. Main results. The history of CPP design and manufacturing in Russia clearly shows that our country has considerable expertise in design of controllable-pitch propellers that can operate in the harshest conditions. Analysis of global shipbuilding experience has shown that CPPs not only ensure optimal operational conditions for “engine-propeller” system in the conditions of variable hydrodynamic load on the propeller, but also feature better cavitation and vibroacoustic performance because the skew of CPP blades can be moderate and high: actually, it can be significantly higher than for fixed-pitch propellers (FPPs) because FPP blades in reversal conditions do not have to operate their trailing edges forward, which reduces the risk of high stresses and damage of skewed blades in crash-stop scenarios. Analysis of CPP test results obtained at Krylov State Research Centre hydrodynamic and cavitation laboratories, as well as the findings of foreign computational studies enabled justified assessment of CPP advantages. It also highlighted the challenges that require dedicated studies and special consideration in design of skewed CPPs, so as to improve their performance in partialcavitation and cavitation-inception conditions. Conclusion. Currently, Russia has all the pre-requisites for increased production and wide application of modern CPPs. Controllable blades with moderate and high skew have a certain potential in terms of improving their vibroacoustic performance as compared to FPPs. However, to design these blades correctly, with consideration of their possible operational risks, it is necessary to use state-of-the art computational and experimental methods, as well as to rely on the experience of full-scale trials.
{"title":"Applications and design peculiarities of modern controllable-pitch propellers","authors":"A. Pustoshny, V. Borusevich, A. Bushuev, F.I. Gaberzettel","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-19-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-19-34","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses controllable-pitch propellers (CPPs) of various designs. The purpose of this study was to summarize the findings of CPP studies in Russia and abroad, as well as to identify current challenges in Russian CPP design and manufacturing. Materials and methods. This paper relies on the test data obtained at Deepwater Tank and cavitation tunnels of Krylov State Research Centre. It analyses the results of computational studies for CPP hydrodynamics and strength obtained as per the latest techniques of CFD and FE analysis. Main results. The history of CPP design and manufacturing in Russia clearly shows that our country has considerable expertise in design of controllable-pitch propellers that can operate in the harshest conditions. Analysis of global shipbuilding experience has shown that CPPs not only ensure optimal operational conditions for “engine-propeller” system in the conditions of variable hydrodynamic load on the propeller, but also feature better cavitation and vibroacoustic performance because the skew of CPP blades can be moderate and high: actually, it can be significantly higher than for fixed-pitch propellers (FPPs) because FPP blades in reversal conditions do not have to operate their trailing edges forward, which reduces the risk of high stresses and damage of skewed blades in crash-stop scenarios. Analysis of CPP test results obtained at Krylov State Research Centre hydrodynamic and cavitation laboratories, as well as the findings of foreign computational studies enabled justified assessment of CPP advantages. It also highlighted the challenges that require dedicated studies and special consideration in design of skewed CPPs, so as to improve their performance in partialcavitation and cavitation-inception conditions. Conclusion. Currently, Russia has all the pre-requisites for increased production and wide application of modern CPPs. Controllable blades with moderate and high skew have a certain potential in terms of improving their vibroacoustic performance as compared to FPPs. However, to design these blades correctly, with consideration of their possible operational risks, it is necessary to use state-of-the art computational and experimental methods, as well as to rely on the experience of full-scale trials.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":"123 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41251201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-165-172
K. A. Dudkina, V. Frolova
Object and purpose of research. The object is development of domestic shipbuilding to meet the needs of fishing industry in the context of incentive measures offered by the state. The purpose is to identify potential risks during implementation of state programs and the ways to resolve problems. Materials and methods. Materials are laws and regulations setting the investment program legal foundation for renewal of fishing fleet. The method is analysis of laws regulating the fishing fleet renovation. Also, the paper takes the benefit of expert assessments and opinions expressed by industry pundits. Main results. Main factors hindering successful implementation of state support measures for fishing fleet shipbuilding are identified the ways of their abatement are defined. E.g., the unfavorable factors include the lack of up-to-date design practice able to meet customer requirements, low level of industry localization, which, ultimately, affects interests of customers, shipyards and the Russian Federation budget. Conclusion. Management and economic measures being already implemented as well as suggested in future are discussed to reveal the problems in state support activities for construction of fishing vessels in an effort to protect participants of investment programs for stimulation of building the fishing vessels and crab boats.
{"title":"Current issues in implementation of state incentives for renewal of fishing fleet","authors":"K. A. Dudkina, V. Frolova","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-165-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-165-172","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. The object is development of domestic shipbuilding to meet the needs of fishing industry in the context of incentive measures offered by the state. The purpose is to identify potential risks during implementation of state programs and the ways to resolve problems. Materials and methods. Materials are laws and regulations setting the investment program legal foundation for renewal of fishing fleet. The method is analysis of laws regulating the fishing fleet renovation. Also, the paper takes the benefit of expert assessments and opinions expressed by industry pundits. Main results. Main factors hindering successful implementation of state support measures for fishing fleet shipbuilding are identified the ways of their abatement are defined. E.g., the unfavorable factors include the lack of up-to-date design practice able to meet customer requirements, low level of industry localization, which, ultimately, affects interests of customers, shipyards and the Russian Federation budget. Conclusion. Management and economic measures being already implemented as well as suggested in future are discussed to reveal the problems in state support activities for construction of fishing vessels in an effort to protect participants of investment programs for stimulation of building the fishing vessels and crab boats.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49251356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-35-49
M. Lobachev, A. Rudnichenko, A. Taranov
Object and purpose of research. This paper investigates wake non-uniformity effect of single-shafter model upon local and integral hydrodynamic and cavitation parameters of separate blade of its propeller. The study was performed on propeller models KP505 and containership models KCS. Materials and methods. Local and integral hydrodynamic parameters of propeller and container ship were obtained as per CFD methods. Viscous flow parameters are obtained through finite volume (FVM) solution of unsteady Reynolds equations (URANS) closed by biparametric semi-empirical turbulence model. Main results. The paper demonstrates that local and integral parameters of separate blade in “hull-propeller” system are considerably different from those determined in the uniform wake at the speeds obtained for the nominal wake field in behindhull conditions. Conclusion. Krylov State Research Centre experience of numerical calculations shows that 1) in many aspects of marine hydrodynamics numerical techniques are more informative than model tests and 2) in a number of cases, conventional propeller design approach based on the nominal wake field data (calculated or experimental) might lead to somewhat incorrect technical solutions.
{"title":"Wake non-uniformity effect upon hydrodynamic and cavitation performance of separate propeller blade of single-shafter model","authors":"M. Lobachev, A. Rudnichenko, A. Taranov","doi":"10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-35-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-35-49","url":null,"abstract":"Object and purpose of research. This paper investigates wake non-uniformity effect of single-shafter model upon local and integral hydrodynamic and cavitation parameters of separate blade of its propeller. The study was performed on propeller models KP505 and containership models KCS. Materials and methods. Local and integral hydrodynamic parameters of propeller and container ship were obtained as per CFD methods. Viscous flow parameters are obtained through finite volume (FVM) solution of unsteady Reynolds equations (URANS) closed by biparametric semi-empirical turbulence model. Main results. The paper demonstrates that local and integral parameters of separate blade in “hull-propeller” system are considerably different from those determined in the uniform wake at the speeds obtained for the nominal wake field in behindhull conditions. Conclusion. Krylov State Research Centre experience of numerical calculations shows that 1) in many aspects of marine hydrodynamics numerical techniques are more informative than model tests and 2) in a number of cases, conventional propeller design approach based on the nominal wake field data (calculated or experimental) might lead to somewhat incorrect technical solutions.","PeriodicalId":33210,"journal":{"name":"Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45268462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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