Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/I2CACIS54679.2022.9815495
Yong Ching Lee, Y. Alshebly, Marwan Nafea
Four-dimensional (4D) printed structures have great potential to be deployed in various sectors, such as industrial and biomedical applications. The high complexity allowed by additive manufacturing, coupled with the shape change allowed by shape memory materials (SMMs) opened a wide range of applications for this field. However, most methods used to activate SMMs rely on the use of hot air or hot water. Such methods limit the application ranges of 4D printed structures. Thus, in this paper, polylactic acid combined with carbon black is used as the filament material for the printing process, which relies on the fused deposition modeling approach. The carbon black makes the filament conductive, allowing it to be heated by an electrical current. Joule heating is used to activate four actuators printed at different printing speeds, causing larger bending as the printing speed increases. The activation of the actuators is made by allowing electrical current to pass through the actuators and gradually heating them from 30 °C to 80 °C. The heating process requires 69 to 85 seconds to reach full deformation while the voltage and current are stable. The actuators achieved bending angles of 13°, 19°, 26°, and 32° when the printing speed of the active layers was 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm/s, the respectively. The developed actuators show promising performance, making them suitable for various applications in robotics.
{"title":"Joule Heating Activation of 4D Printed Conductive PLA Actuators","authors":"Yong Ching Lee, Y. Alshebly, Marwan Nafea","doi":"10.1109/I2CACIS54679.2022.9815495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2CACIS54679.2022.9815495","url":null,"abstract":"Four-dimensional (4D) printed structures have great potential to be deployed in various sectors, such as industrial and biomedical applications. The high complexity allowed by additive manufacturing, coupled with the shape change allowed by shape memory materials (SMMs) opened a wide range of applications for this field. However, most methods used to activate SMMs rely on the use of hot air or hot water. Such methods limit the application ranges of 4D printed structures. Thus, in this paper, polylactic acid combined with carbon black is used as the filament material for the printing process, which relies on the fused deposition modeling approach. The carbon black makes the filament conductive, allowing it to be heated by an electrical current. Joule heating is used to activate four actuators printed at different printing speeds, causing larger bending as the printing speed increases. The activation of the actuators is made by allowing electrical current to pass through the actuators and gradually heating them from 30 °C to 80 °C. The heating process requires 69 to 85 seconds to reach full deformation while the voltage and current are stable. The actuators achieved bending angles of 13°, 19°, 26°, and 32° when the printing speed of the active layers was 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm/s, the respectively. The developed actuators show promising performance, making them suitable for various applications in robotics.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116638952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815484
S. Z. Ishak, F. Nusa, Roslina Ahmad, Shahriman Shafien
Malaysia launched REIT in 2013 for infrastructure that could leverage the financial stock market in Malaysia. As one of the most developed countries in South East Asia, Malaysia's infrastructure development, mainly the land transportation network such as the railway system, is becoming a nerve of economic growth with rapid rail development comprised of Light Rail Transit (LRT), Mass Rail Transit (MRT), and the Electric Train Service (ETS) under KTMB and Prasarana, respectively. However, discontinuing rail development in the main city could obstruct the Malaysian market and economic growth. The investment regime that has potential for railway development, such as the real estate market, should become more prominent. Thus, the potential of M-REITs and Islamic REITs is to be explored for real estate infrastructure in the Malaysian market. This study aims to understand the REIT infrastructure and its differences from normal REITs and i-REITs on the differences between China REIT (C-REIT) and Japan Infrastructure Fund. The outcome of this study will be compared with M-REIT followed by its potential in the domain of infrastructure investment. The framework of C-REIT and Japan Infrastructure Fund will be done through several categories, starting with the investors, REIT management, project owners, ownership, distribution, and others to be discussed in depth.
{"title":"The Comparison of Malaysian Real Estate Investment Trusts (M-REITs) and Islamic REITs with China-REITs (C-REITs) and Japan Infrastructure Fund for Railway Infrastructure Development in Malaysia: A Review","authors":"S. Z. Ishak, F. Nusa, Roslina Ahmad, Shahriman Shafien","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815484","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysia launched REIT in 2013 for infrastructure that could leverage the financial stock market in Malaysia. As one of the most developed countries in South East Asia, Malaysia's infrastructure development, mainly the land transportation network such as the railway system, is becoming a nerve of economic growth with rapid rail development comprised of Light Rail Transit (LRT), Mass Rail Transit (MRT), and the Electric Train Service (ETS) under KTMB and Prasarana, respectively. However, discontinuing rail development in the main city could obstruct the Malaysian market and economic growth. The investment regime that has potential for railway development, such as the real estate market, should become more prominent. Thus, the potential of M-REITs and Islamic REITs is to be explored for real estate infrastructure in the Malaysian market. This study aims to understand the REIT infrastructure and its differences from normal REITs and i-REITs on the differences between China REIT (C-REIT) and Japan Infrastructure Fund. The outcome of this study will be compared with M-REIT followed by its potential in the domain of infrastructure investment. The framework of C-REIT and Japan Infrastructure Fund will be done through several categories, starting with the investors, REIT management, project owners, ownership, distribution, and others to be discussed in depth.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128424049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815490
Jewel Kate D. Lagman, Alden B. Evangelista, C. Paglinawan
When a disaster or accident occurs, the first thing that must be done is search operations; this must be done carefully and discretely using a well-defined procedure. Its purpose is to help people who are in immediate danger. However, conducting search operations by a person, especially in a risky location, is not safe due to limited equipment and dangerous scenarios. This study developed an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) prototype that captures even with an overview head image for the search operation and detects humans in the image. After detecting the presence of a human in an image, the prototype counts the actual people in the frame and displays the total number of people discovered in real time. Suppose the same person was detected twice but in a different frame, it will be still counted on the overall person counts. In object detection, You Only Look Once Version 5 (YOLOv5) is used as an algorithm. Thermal camera will be added for more accurate results from the detected person.
当灾难或事故发生时，必须做的第一件事是搜索行动;这必须小心谨慎地使用一个定义良好的程序来完成。它的目的是帮助那些处于直接危险中的人。然而，由于有限的设备和危险的情况，一个人进行搜索行动是不安全的，特别是在危险的地方。该研究开发了一种无人机(UAV)原型机，该原型机可以捕获用于搜索操作的全景头部图像，并在图像中检测人类。在检测到图像中存在人类后，该原型会对帧中的实际人物进行计数，并实时显示发现的总人数。假设同一个人被检测了两次，但在不同的帧中，它仍然会被计算在总人数上。在目标检测中，使用You Only Look Once Version 5 (YOLOv5)作为算法。为了从被检测的人那里获得更准确的结果，将增加热像仪。
{"title":"Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Human Detection and People Counter Using YOLO v5 and Thermal Camera for Search Operations","authors":"Jewel Kate D. Lagman, Alden B. Evangelista, C. Paglinawan","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815490","url":null,"abstract":"When a disaster or accident occurs, the first thing that must be done is search operations; this must be done carefully and discretely using a well-defined procedure. Its purpose is to help people who are in immediate danger. However, conducting search operations by a person, especially in a risky location, is not safe due to limited equipment and dangerous scenarios. This study developed an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) prototype that captures even with an overview head image for the search operation and detects humans in the image. After detecting the presence of a human in an image, the prototype counts the actual people in the frame and displays the total number of people discovered in real time. Suppose the same person was detected twice but in a different frame, it will be still counted on the overall person counts. In object detection, You Only Look Once Version 5 (YOLOv5) is used as an algorithm. Thermal camera will be added for more accurate results from the detected person.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131713845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815473
Quah Yi Hang, Tan Xiao Jian, Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman, Lu Juei Min, Teoh Leong Hoe, Wong Chung Yee, Oung Qi Wei, Teoh Chai Ling
According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), breast cancer has become the most diagnosed cancer in the world. The analysis of breast histopathology images is important. Segmentation of relevant and irrelevant regions is an important pre-processing for the analysis of breast cancer. In the conventional method, the histopathologists need to use the eyeball rolling method to find the tumor regions. The main objective of this paper is to develop an automation segmentation procedure for the relevant regions, which are referred as tumor regions, and irrelevant regions refer as non-tumor regions. The proposed procedure consists of four main stages: (1) color normalization; (2) color model conversion; (3) relevant regions segmentation using FCM, and; (4) masking processing. The proposed procedure was tested using 31 breast histopathology images. The obtained results show that the average accuracy and precision of the relevant region detection are 86.27% (±8.4129) and 84.53% (±10.6636), respectively.
{"title":"Fuzzy Relevant Regions Segmentation in Breast Histopathology Images using FCM","authors":"Quah Yi Hang, Tan Xiao Jian, Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman, Lu Juei Min, Teoh Leong Hoe, Wong Chung Yee, Oung Qi Wei, Teoh Chai Ling","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815473","url":null,"abstract":"According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), breast cancer has become the most diagnosed cancer in the world. The analysis of breast histopathology images is important. Segmentation of relevant and irrelevant regions is an important pre-processing for the analysis of breast cancer. In the conventional method, the histopathologists need to use the eyeball rolling method to find the tumor regions. The main objective of this paper is to develop an automation segmentation procedure for the relevant regions, which are referred as tumor regions, and irrelevant regions refer as non-tumor regions. The proposed procedure consists of four main stages: (1) color normalization; (2) color model conversion; (3) relevant regions segmentation using FCM, and; (4) masking processing. The proposed procedure was tested using 31 breast histopathology images. The obtained results show that the average accuracy and precision of the relevant region detection are 86.27% (±8.4129) and 84.53% (±10.6636), respectively.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116209051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815488
Md. Tanjil Sarker, A. H. Tan, Timothy Tzen Vun Yap
In this paper, iterative system identification is investigated where the amplitude spectra of the perturbation signals are optimised according to the present estimate of the model parameters. The iterative signal design is compared for single-input single-output (SISO) open loop systems grouped into six different categories based on the system order and dynamic characteristic. Three different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are tested. The performance of the iterative signal design is assessed by taking the ratios of the performance measures of the estimated and initial models to the actual model for a single iteration. These performance measures are defined based on errors in the frequency response. It was found that the iterative signal design is very effective in reducing the model error, except for high order lowpass systems.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Iterative Signal Design for System Identification","authors":"Md. Tanjil Sarker, A. H. Tan, Timothy Tzen Vun Yap","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815488","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, iterative system identification is investigated where the amplitude spectra of the perturbation signals are optimised according to the present estimate of the model parameters. The iterative signal design is compared for single-input single-output (SISO) open loop systems grouped into six different categories based on the system order and dynamic characteristic. Three different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are tested. The performance of the iterative signal design is assessed by taking the ratios of the performance measures of the estimated and initial models to the actual model for a single iteration. These performance measures are defined based on errors in the frequency response. It was found that the iterative signal design is very effective in reducing the model error, except for high order lowpass systems.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125847055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815457
F. A. Thobiani, Esra Elhadad, A. Shamekh, A. Altowati
A Genetic Algorithm (GA) combined with a two-loop PID-PI control structure is utilized to control the temperature of a semi-batch polymerization reactor (SBPR). The Chylla-Haase benchmark model is considered in this work. The GA-based optimization is exploited in single and multi-objective problems to determine the desired controller setting. The study is conducted in the Matlab/Simulink environment with several simulation scenarios. The obtained results reveal that the GA-based PID-PI technique can provide consistent performance that satisfies the system constraints. Moreover, the proposed algorithm does not contain heavy calculation burdens and can be tuned offline.
{"title":"Application of Genetic Algorithm in Semi-batch Polymerization Temperature Control","authors":"F. A. Thobiani, Esra Elhadad, A. Shamekh, A. Altowati","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815457","url":null,"abstract":"A Genetic Algorithm (GA) combined with a two-loop PID-PI control structure is utilized to control the temperature of a semi-batch polymerization reactor (SBPR). The Chylla-Haase benchmark model is considered in this work. The GA-based optimization is exploited in single and multi-objective problems to determine the desired controller setting. The study is conducted in the Matlab/Simulink environment with several simulation scenarios. The obtained results reveal that the GA-based PID-PI technique can provide consistent performance that satisfies the system constraints. Moreover, the proposed algorithm does not contain heavy calculation burdens and can be tuned offline.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125015602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815479
M. N. Mohammed, Osama Y. M. Al-Rawi, S. Al-Zubaidi, Safinaz Mustapha, M. Abdulrazaq
A smart city incorporates information and communication technology (ICT) to achieve operational excellence, public info sharing, and the integrity of state services and citizen satisfaction. Nowadays, Bahrain has started a drive forward into smart cities, whereby urban areas can be more effective, habitable, and sustainable in the short and long term with the direct involvement of government, citizens, and enterprises. Food service providers should pay attention to consumer concerns regarding food safety since they have the ability to alter the use of their services as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and state societal distancing regulations. This study intends to build and construct a Smart Restaurant Order System that provides an automated dining experience that eliminates the need for people to wait staff. When the epidemic struck, however, it became not only one of the just methods to purchase, yet indeed one of the safer, as it required little to no human interaction. As a result, both restaurants and people have embraced technology more quickly.
{"title":"Toward Sustainable Smart Cities in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A New Approach of Smart Restaurant Management and Ordering System During Covid-19","authors":"M. N. Mohammed, Osama Y. M. Al-Rawi, S. Al-Zubaidi, Safinaz Mustapha, M. Abdulrazaq","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815479","url":null,"abstract":"A smart city incorporates information and communication technology (ICT) to achieve operational excellence, public info sharing, and the integrity of state services and citizen satisfaction. Nowadays, Bahrain has started a drive forward into smart cities, whereby urban areas can be more effective, habitable, and sustainable in the short and long term with the direct involvement of government, citizens, and enterprises. Food service providers should pay attention to consumer concerns regarding food safety since they have the ability to alter the use of their services as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and state societal distancing regulations. This study intends to build and construct a Smart Restaurant Order System that provides an automated dining experience that eliminates the need for people to wait staff. When the epidemic struck, however, it became not only one of the just methods to purchase, yet indeed one of the safer, as it required little to no human interaction. As a result, both restaurants and people have embraced technology more quickly.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129599711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815274
Weiming. Lim, Mohammad Babrdel Bonab, K. Chua
Many wood manufacturers are still relying on manual human eyes inspection for wood defects detection. This approach is tedious, inconsistent, inefficient, and prone to human errors. Machine vision technology can provide a satisfactory solution for wood defects detection and reduce the manpower required. In this paper, a lightweight object detection model is proposed for the detection of four types of wood defects based on the YOLOv4-Tiny architecture. The accuracy of the model is improved by modifying the loss function for YOLOv4-Tiny to incorporate Intersection over Union into its objectness loss. The results showed that the improvement made has successfully enhanced the model’s accuracy and the best model can achieve a mean average precision of 88.32% running at 225.22 frames per second.
{"title":"An Optimized Lightweight Model for Real-Time Wood Defects Detection based on YOLOv4-Tiny","authors":"Weiming. Lim, Mohammad Babrdel Bonab, K. Chua","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815274","url":null,"abstract":"Many wood manufacturers are still relying on manual human eyes inspection for wood defects detection. This approach is tedious, inconsistent, inefficient, and prone to human errors. Machine vision technology can provide a satisfactory solution for wood defects detection and reduce the manpower required. In this paper, a lightweight object detection model is proposed for the detection of four types of wood defects based on the YOLOv4-Tiny architecture. The accuracy of the model is improved by modifying the loss function for YOLOv4-Tiny to incorporate Intersection over Union into its objectness loss. The results showed that the improvement made has successfully enhanced the model’s accuracy and the best model can achieve a mean average precision of 88.32% running at 225.22 frames per second.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132152334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815469
Henry Sheng Hoong Siew, Y. Alshebly, Marwan Nafea
The health and well-being of a fetus can be conducted by constantly monitoring its cardiac activity while in pregnancy. The cardiac movement of the mother and fetus can be monitored by placing several electrodes at the thoracic and abdominal parts of the mother to examine the heart of both the mother and fetus. However, the cardiac activity of the mother may affect the fetal one. Often, the abdominal data is corrupted by the mother’s heart data, which covers the fetal heartbeat signal. This paper presents a method to extract maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) and fetal ECG (FECG) signals from thoracic and abdominal signals from the Daisy database. The proposed method utilizes a combination of the Butterworth and Savitsky-Golay filters to perform the filtering and windowing processes required to extract the MECG. Savitzky-Golay filtered windows are used to perform the FECG signal extraction. The proposed approach was also used to determine the heart rates of the mother and fetus, which were around 85.5 and 132.5 bpm, respectively. The proposed method shows promising performance in terms of noise filtering and extracting the PQRST complex when compared with previously reported methods. The proposed method can be potentially used to filter and extract different biosignals when adjusted to suit the specific applications.
{"title":"Fetal ECG Extraction Using Savitzky-Golay and Butterworth Filters","authors":"Henry Sheng Hoong Siew, Y. Alshebly, Marwan Nafea","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815469","url":null,"abstract":"The health and well-being of a fetus can be conducted by constantly monitoring its cardiac activity while in pregnancy. The cardiac movement of the mother and fetus can be monitored by placing several electrodes at the thoracic and abdominal parts of the mother to examine the heart of both the mother and fetus. However, the cardiac activity of the mother may affect the fetal one. Often, the abdominal data is corrupted by the mother’s heart data, which covers the fetal heartbeat signal. This paper presents a method to extract maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) and fetal ECG (FECG) signals from thoracic and abdominal signals from the Daisy database. The proposed method utilizes a combination of the Butterworth and Savitsky-Golay filters to perform the filtering and windowing processes required to extract the MECG. Savitzky-Golay filtered windows are used to perform the FECG signal extraction. The proposed approach was also used to determine the heart rates of the mother and fetus, which were around 85.5 and 132.5 bpm, respectively. The proposed method shows promising performance in terms of noise filtering and extracting the PQRST complex when compared with previously reported methods. The proposed method can be potentially used to filter and extract different biosignals when adjusted to suit the specific applications.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121996427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-25DOI: 10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815467
Teh Xuan Ying, Asma’ Abu-Samah
Intensive care unit patients, especially those who have undergone surgeries or have severe health issues, tend to have a higher risk of developing sepsis due to a weaker immune system. Due to late detection of sepsis, no preventive actions can be taken to treat sepsis patients. Therefore, this research aims to identify, validate, and test suitable machine learning algorithms for the early prediction of sepsis using pre-processed data produced from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III, MIMIC-III database. This research will be designing prediction models for 15 hours before sepsis onset using pre-processed data obtained from MIMIC-III database using Decision Tree, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosted Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron. A 10 cross-validation is used in validating the models. The performance of prediction models is evaluated mainly using ROC-AUC score. In model comparison, an extra set of prediction models using the same algorithms is developed for 10 hours before sepsis onset to compare its performance with the earlier prediction model developed. The result of model comparison shows that for the prediction model of 15 and 10 hours before sepsis onset, ROC-AUC score for Gradient Boosted Tree is the best with 0.777 for 15 hours and 0.769 respectively from 10 hours prediction model. The results can be optimized further using more data and using derived Boosted Trees algoritms.
{"title":"Early Prediction of Sepsis for ICU Patients using Gradient Boosted Tree","authors":"Teh Xuan Ying, Asma’ Abu-Samah","doi":"10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis54679.2022.9815467","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive care unit patients, especially those who have undergone surgeries or have severe health issues, tend to have a higher risk of developing sepsis due to a weaker immune system. Due to late detection of sepsis, no preventive actions can be taken to treat sepsis patients. Therefore, this research aims to identify, validate, and test suitable machine learning algorithms for the early prediction of sepsis using pre-processed data produced from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III, MIMIC-III database. This research will be designing prediction models for 15 hours before sepsis onset using pre-processed data obtained from MIMIC-III database using Decision Tree, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosted Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron. A 10 cross-validation is used in validating the models. The performance of prediction models is evaluated mainly using ROC-AUC score. In model comparison, an extra set of prediction models using the same algorithms is developed for 10 hours before sepsis onset to compare its performance with the earlier prediction model developed. The result of model comparison shows that for the prediction model of 15 and 10 hours before sepsis onset, ROC-AUC score for Gradient Boosted Tree is the best with 0.777 for 15 hours and 0.769 respectively from 10 hours prediction model. The results can be optimized further using more data and using derived Boosted Trees algoritms.","PeriodicalId":332297,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127667676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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