Pub Date : 2004-10-08DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1335913
Tae-Sik Cho, Changho Yun, Kanghee Kim, Kiseon Kim
The effect of phase noises from a laser and an oscillator on radio over fiber (RoF) systems is analyzed and discussed with a power spectral density (PSD) function. It is shown that the carrier to noise ratio (CNR) penalty is deeply related to the bandwidth of a electrical filter at a receiver and the phase noise from a radio frequency (RF) signal oscillator rather than that from a laser with a small differential delay and a direct detection scheme. The CNR penalties due to the laser linewidths of 10 MHz and 624 MHz are 0.045 dB and 2.78 dB, while the increase of the RF oscillator linewidth from 1 Hz to 10 Hz results in about 10 dB penalty at 50 GHz, 24 km transmission in a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with a fiber chromatic dispersion of 17 ps/km nm.
{"title":"Effect of laser and RF oscillator phase noises","authors":"Tae-Sik Cho, Changho Yun, Kanghee Kim, Kiseon Kim","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1335913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1335913","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of phase noises from a laser and an oscillator on radio over fiber (RoF) systems is analyzed and discussed with a power spectral density (PSD) function. It is shown that the carrier to noise ratio (CNR) penalty is deeply related to the bandwidth of a electrical filter at a receiver and the phase noise from a radio frequency (RF) signal oscillator rather than that from a laser with a small differential delay and a direct detection scheme. The CNR penalties due to the laser linewidths of 10 MHz and 624 MHz are 0.045 dB and 2.78 dB, while the increase of the RF oscillator linewidth from 1 Hz to 10 Hz results in about 10 dB penalty at 50 GHz, 24 km transmission in a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with a fiber chromatic dispersion of 17 ps/km nm.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130788874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338968
J. Reiter, R. Beyer, U. Rosenberg
The boundary contour mode-matching method (BCMM) is extended to provide the rigorous analysis of cavity T-junctions with interior partial height post and rounded corners. It allows the full-wave CAD of complete combline resonator and conductor loaded TE/sub 101/ mode cavity filter configurations with the suitable implementation of cross couplings for the realisation of arbitrary filter functions. Thus, the approach accounts for the consideration of the particular rounded shapes when using the state-of-the-art CNC milling techniques for the realization of the component. Verification of the method is provided by several designs as, e.g., a single T-junction cavity, a 10resonator combline filter and a 3-pole conductor loaded cavity. Accurate coincidence of computed and measured results of these designs proves the introduced approach.
{"title":"Full-wave boundary contour mode-matching analysis and CAD of cavities with partial height post and rounded corners for sophisticated conductor loaded cavity and combline filter designs","authors":"J. Reiter, R. Beyer, U. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338968","url":null,"abstract":"The boundary contour mode-matching method (BCMM) is extended to provide the rigorous analysis of cavity T-junctions with interior partial height post and rounded corners. It allows the full-wave CAD of complete combline resonator and conductor loaded TE/sub 101/ mode cavity filter configurations with the suitable implementation of cross couplings for the realisation of arbitrary filter functions. Thus, the approach accounts for the consideration of the particular rounded shapes when using the state-of-the-art CNC milling techniques for the realization of the component. Verification of the method is provided by several designs as, e.g., a single T-junction cavity, a 10resonator combline filter and a 3-pole conductor loaded cavity. Accurate coincidence of computed and measured results of these designs proves the introduced approach.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115664147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339054
J. Bandler, Q. Cheng, D. Hailu, N. Nikolova
We present a microwave design framework for implementing an implicit and response residual space mapping (RRSM) approach. The RRSM surrogate is matched to the fine model. An intuitive "multiple cheese-cutting" example demonstrates the concept. For the first time, an ADS framework implements the space mapping (SM) steps interactively. A six-section H-plane waveguide filter design emerges after four iterations, using the implicit SM and RRSM optimization entirely within the design framework. We use sparse frequency sweeps and do not use the Jacobian of the fine model.
{"title":"An implementable space mapping design framework","authors":"J. Bandler, Q. Cheng, D. Hailu, N. Nikolova","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339054","url":null,"abstract":"We present a microwave design framework for implementing an implicit and response residual space mapping (RRSM) approach. The RRSM surrogate is matched to the fine model. An intuitive \"multiple cheese-cutting\" example demonstrates the concept. For the first time, an ADS framework implements the space mapping (SM) steps interactively. A six-section H-plane waveguide filter design emerges after four iterations, using the implicit SM and RRSM optimization entirely within the design framework. We use sparse frequency sweeps and do not use the Jacobian of the fine model.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123047341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1336056
J. Ruiz‐Cruz, M. E. El Sabbagh, K. Zaki, J. Rebollar
A new physical realization of an elliptic function filter response is proposed for achieving compact size, wide bandwidth, wide spurious free stop band and high selectivity performance. The canonical ridge waveguide filter configuration is analyzed using rigorous mode-matching. To validate the concept, a prototype that realizes the coupling matrix of a canonical four cavity elliptic filter is designed following a systematic procedure. Approximate synthesis is used to obtain initial dimensions of the filter and the desired optimum response is obtained by means of a final full-wave optimization. The results are verified with other numerical method and a prototype will be built for testing.
{"title":"Full-wave design of canonical ridge waveguide filters","authors":"J. Ruiz‐Cruz, M. E. El Sabbagh, K. Zaki, J. Rebollar","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1336056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1336056","url":null,"abstract":"A new physical realization of an elliptic function filter response is proposed for achieving compact size, wide bandwidth, wide spurious free stop band and high selectivity performance. The canonical ridge waveguide filter configuration is analyzed using rigorous mode-matching. To validate the concept, a prototype that realizes the coupling matrix of a canonical four cavity elliptic filter is designed following a systematic procedure. Approximate synthesis is used to obtain initial dimensions of the filter and the desired optimum response is obtained by means of a final full-wave optimization. The results are verified with other numerical method and a prototype will be built for testing.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117157161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338836
Shih-Hao Lee, R. Wu
Modified perturbation theory based on high order Taylor series expansion and congruence transformation is applied to the finite-element model order reduction to accelerate the analysis of waveguide eigen-mode problems. The limit of Taylor series by poles is overcome and the bandwidth of a single-point reduced-order model is greatly improved. Without transforming a Taylor series to a Pade rational function, as in an AWE process, this method is more stable and has a wider bandwidth.
{"title":"Modified perturbation theory for wideband finite-element model order reduction in eigen-problems","authors":"Shih-Hao Lee, R. Wu","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338836","url":null,"abstract":"Modified perturbation theory based on high order Taylor series expansion and congruence transformation is applied to the finite-element model order reduction to accelerate the analysis of waveguide eigen-mode problems. The limit of Taylor series by poles is overcome and the bandwidth of a single-point reduced-order model is greatly improved. Without transforming a Taylor series to a Pade rational function, as in an AWE process, this method is more stable and has a wider bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121043645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1093/ietele/e89-c.5.622
M. Kishihara, I. Ohta, K. Yamane
We investigate a design method of multi-stage, multi-way microstrip power dividers to construct a compact low-loss power divider with number of outputs. First, we describe an integration design technique of multi-way power dividers founded on the planar circuit approach in combination with segmentation method, and design broadband 3- and 4-way power dividers. Next, we successfully design a 9-way power divider consisting of 3-way dividers of two-stage structure using a similar technique. As a result, the fractional bandwidths of nearly 90%, 100%, and 85% are obtained, respectively. The validity of these design results is confirmed by HFSS and an experiment.
{"title":"A design of multi-stage, multi-way microstrip power dividers with broadband properties","authors":"M. Kishihara, I. Ohta, K. Yamane","doi":"10.1093/ietele/e89-c.5.622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e89-c.5.622","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a design method of multi-stage, multi-way microstrip power dividers to construct a compact low-loss power divider with number of outputs. First, we describe an integration design technique of multi-way power dividers founded on the planar circuit approach in combination with segmentation method, and design broadband 3- and 4-way power dividers. Next, we successfully design a 9-way power divider consisting of 3-way dividers of two-stage structure using a similar technique. As a result, the fractional bandwidths of nearly 90%, 100%, and 85% are obtained, respectively. The validity of these design results is confirmed by HFSS and an experiment.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121213381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339133
A. Collado, F. Ramírez, A. Suárez
In this paper, harmonic balance and envelope-transient tools are applied to the analysis and design of potentially unstable power amplifiers. The ranges of unstable behaviour are determined through bifurcation detection and the effects of odd-mode instability on the intermodulation distortion are investigated. The amplifier is stabilized using concepts from bifurcation control. Additionally, a feedback configuration for the amplifier stabilization is proposed and the results are compared with those obtained with previous methods, based on resistive loading. The techniques have been applied to a 4 GHz microwave amplifier.
{"title":"Analysis and stabilization tools for microwave amplifiers","authors":"A. Collado, F. Ramírez, A. Suárez","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1339133","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, harmonic balance and envelope-transient tools are applied to the analysis and design of potentially unstable power amplifiers. The ranges of unstable behaviour are determined through bifurcation detection and the effects of odd-mode instability on the intermodulation distortion are investigated. The amplifier is stabilized using concepts from bifurcation control. Additionally, a feedback configuration for the amplifier stabilization is proposed and the results are compared with those obtained with previous methods, based on resistive loading. The techniques have been applied to a 4 GHz microwave amplifier.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125172895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338820
M. Akkul, M. Sarfraz, J. Mayock, W. Bosch
In this paper the design and the measurement of a 2 GHz 50 Watt (CW) MMIC power amplifier (PA) are discussed. The authors believe that this is the most powerful MMIC implementation that has been reported. The amplifier utilizes a class-F combining structure and realized using the company internal 0.5 /spl mu/m GaAs pHEMT power process. The MMIC measure 10/spl times/10 mm/sup 2/ and delivers 50 Watts of CW power at an efficiency greater than 45% over more than 10% bandwidth at a nominal 12 V supply voltage. The amplifier gain is 21 dB throughout the operational band.
{"title":"50 watt MMIC power amplifier design for 2 GHz applications","authors":"M. Akkul, M. Sarfraz, J. Mayock, W. Bosch","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338820","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the design and the measurement of a 2 GHz 50 Watt (CW) MMIC power amplifier (PA) are discussed. The authors believe that this is the most powerful MMIC implementation that has been reported. The amplifier utilizes a class-F combining structure and realized using the company internal 0.5 /spl mu/m GaAs pHEMT power process. The MMIC measure 10/spl times/10 mm/sup 2/ and delivers 50 Watts of CW power at an efficiency greater than 45% over more than 10% bandwidth at a nominal 12 V supply voltage. The amplifier gain is 21 dB throughout the operational band.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"10 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126197599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338899
W. van Noort, C. Detcheverry, A. Jansman, G. Verheijden, P. Bancken, R. Daamen, V. Nguyen, R. Havens
The performance of 2 /spl mu/m thick damascene Cu lines embedded in low K material are evaluated. The process is well control over a 200 mm wafer, provided that tiling is used. A minimum linewidth of 560 nm is achieved. The RF performance of substrate and metal lines in the 1 - 100 GHz frequency range is investigated with coplanar waveguides. Various substrates were used with resistivities ranging from 3-5 /spl Omega/-cm to 4-5k/spl Omega/-cm. With a properly treated substrate, RF losses are only determined by AC series resistance of the metal lines yielding very low losses of 1.7 dB/cm at 10 GHz.
{"title":"RF-performance of thick damascene Cu interconnect on silicon","authors":"W. van Noort, C. Detcheverry, A. Jansman, G. Verheijden, P. Bancken, R. Daamen, V. Nguyen, R. Havens","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338899","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of 2 /spl mu/m thick damascene Cu lines embedded in low K material are evaluated. The process is well control over a 200 mm wafer, provided that tiling is used. A minimum linewidth of 560 nm is achieved. The RF performance of substrate and metal lines in the 1 - 100 GHz frequency range is investigated with coplanar waveguides. Various substrates were used with resistivities ranging from 3-5 /spl Omega/-cm to 4-5k/spl Omega/-cm. With a properly treated substrate, RF losses are only determined by AC series resistance of the metal lines yielding very low losses of 1.7 dB/cm at 10 GHz.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125677851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-06DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338966
J. Rayas-Sánchez, F. Lara-Rojo, E. Martínez-Guerrero
An inverse space mapping optimization algorithm for designing linear and nonlinear microwave circuits is presented in this work for the first time. The inverse space mapping follows a piece-wise linear formulation, avoiding the use of neural networks. Microwave circuits in the frequency domain or in the time domain transient-state can be efficiently optimized by applying this algorithm. We contrast our new algorithm with neural inverse space mapping (NISM) optimization. The physical design of a set of CMOS inverters driving an electrically long microstrip line on FR4 illustrates out algorithm.
{"title":"A linear inverse space mapping algorithm for microwave design in the frequency and transient domains","authors":"J. Rayas-Sánchez, F. Lara-Rojo, E. Martínez-Guerrero","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2004.1338966","url":null,"abstract":"An inverse space mapping optimization algorithm for designing linear and nonlinear microwave circuits is presented in this work for the first time. The inverse space mapping follows a piece-wise linear formulation, avoiding the use of neural networks. Microwave circuits in the frequency domain or in the time domain transient-state can be efficiently optimized by applying this algorithm. We contrast our new algorithm with neural inverse space mapping (NISM) optimization. The physical design of a set of CMOS inverters driving an electrically long microstrip line on FR4 illustrates out algorithm.","PeriodicalId":334675,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37535)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126633015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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