Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-34467
Tanja Sobot, Nikola Šobot, Zorislava Bajic, N. Ponorac, R. Babic
Background/Aim: Bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) represents a novel generation of intracoronary devices designed to be fully resorbed after healing of the stented lesion, delivering antiproliferative drug to suppress restenosis, providing adequate diameter of the coronary vessel and preserving the vascular endothelial function. It was supposed that BVS will reduce neointimal proliferation and that their late bioresorption will reduce the negative effects of traditional drug-eluting stents, including the late stent thrombosis, local vessel wall inflammation, loss of coronary vasoreactivity and the need for the long-term dual antiplatelet therapy. The purpose of this research was to investigate efficacy and safety of Absorb everolimus-eluting BVS implantation and the prevalence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at the mid-term follow-up. Methods: The study encompassed 42 patients selected for BVS implantation and fulfilling inclusion criteria - 37 male and 5 female - admitted to the Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia over the one-year period (from January 2015 to January 2016) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary vessel patency before and after stenting was assessed by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow (TIMI) grades. After the index PCI procedure with BVS all patients were clinically followed by regular (prescheduled or event-driven) visits during the next 12-month period. Results: In the intention-to-treat analysis, all Absorb BVS procedures were successful, without the need for conversion to other treatment modalities. The complete reperfusion (TIMI flow grade 3) after the intervention was established in 97.6 % of patients and 100 % of them achieved the TIMI flow grade ≥ 2. The presence of angina pectoris was reduced significantly by the BVS procedure: stable angina 57.1 % to 11.9 %, (p < 0.001) and unstable angina 31 % to 0 %, respectively (p < 0.001). After the one-year follow-up, the MACE rate was 11.9 %. Myocardial infarction occurred in 4.8 % and the need for PCI reintervention in 2.4 % of cases (not influenced by the gender or the age of patients). There were 4 cases of death (all patients were older and had lower values of left ventricular ejection fraction). Conclusion: The results of the current research demonstrated a high interventional success rate of the Absorb BVS implantation, followed by the early improvement of the anginal status. However, that was not translated into the favourable mid-term clinical outcomes, opening debate about the current status of Absorb BVS and the need for future refinements of stent design and implantation techniques.
{"title":"Major adverse cardiovascular events after implantation of absorb bioresorbable scaffold: One-year clinical outcomes","authors":"Tanja Sobot, Nikola Šobot, Zorislava Bajic, N. Ponorac, R. Babic","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-34467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-34467","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) represents a novel generation of intracoronary devices designed to be fully resorbed after healing of the stented lesion, delivering antiproliferative drug to suppress restenosis, providing adequate diameter of the coronary vessel and preserving the vascular endothelial function. It was supposed that BVS will reduce neointimal proliferation and that their late bioresorption will reduce the negative effects of traditional drug-eluting stents, including the late stent thrombosis, local vessel wall inflammation, loss of coronary vasoreactivity and the need for the long-term dual antiplatelet therapy. The purpose of this research was to investigate efficacy and safety of Absorb everolimus-eluting BVS implantation and the prevalence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at the mid-term follow-up. Methods: The study encompassed 42 patients selected for BVS implantation and fulfilling inclusion criteria - 37 male and 5 female - admitted to the Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia over the one-year period (from January 2015 to January 2016) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary vessel patency before and after stenting was assessed by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow (TIMI) grades. After the index PCI procedure with BVS all patients were clinically followed by regular (prescheduled or event-driven) visits during the next 12-month period. Results: In the intention-to-treat analysis, all Absorb BVS procedures were successful, without the need for conversion to other treatment modalities. The complete reperfusion (TIMI flow grade 3) after the intervention was established in 97.6 % of patients and 100 % of them achieved the TIMI flow grade ≥ 2. The presence of angina pectoris was reduced significantly by the BVS procedure: stable angina 57.1 % to 11.9 %, (p < 0.001) and unstable angina 31 % to 0 %, respectively (p < 0.001). After the one-year follow-up, the MACE rate was 11.9 %. Myocardial infarction occurred in 4.8 % and the need for PCI reintervention in 2.4 % of cases (not influenced by the gender or the age of patients). There were 4 cases of death (all patients were older and had lower values of left ventricular ejection fraction). Conclusion: The results of the current research demonstrated a high interventional success rate of the Absorb BVS implantation, followed by the early improvement of the anginal status. However, that was not translated into the favourable mid-term clinical outcomes, opening debate about the current status of Absorb BVS and the need for future refinements of stent design and implantation techniques.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74391579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-34205
D. Lončar-Stojiljković
Background/Aim: Esmolol is an ultra-short-acting, easily titratable b-adrenergic receptor antagonist used for urgent treatment of hypertension and tachycardia in non-surgical and surgical settings. Aim of this clinical study was to investigate its cardiovascular effects and quality of the emergence from anaesthesia in patients scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general balanced anaesthesia. Methods: A total of 30 ASA I/II patients were randomised in two groups of similar demographic characteristics and baseline values of cardiovascular parameters. Esmolol group received esmolol dissolved in glucose 5 % as an intravenous infusion, 0.3 mg/kg/min during the first 5 min and at a rate of 0.1 mg/kg/ min thereafter. Control patients received the solvent only, at the same rate and volume. General balanced anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone sodium and fentanyl and maintained with nitrous oxide and oxygen. Neuromuscular relaxation was assured with pancuronium bromide and was antagonised at the end of operation with atropine and neostigmine. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were registered at all critical phases: (1) immediately prior to the induction (baseline value), (2) induction to anaesthesia, (3) tracheal intubation, (4) first skin incision, (5) surgical manipulation with organs, (6) suture of the surgical wound and (7) tracheal extubation. Drug consumption and quality of postoperative recovery were monitored. Results: In most of the critical phases of anaesthesia and operation, patients from the Esmolol group had significantly lower values of cardiovascular parameters than the patients from the Control group. Esmolol-treated patients needed less fentanyl, droperidol and pancuronium and had faster and smoother emergence from anaesthesia than the control patients. Conclusion: Esmolol improved haemodynamics and post-anaesthesia recovery in patients undergoing elective plastic surgery under general balanced anaesthesia.
{"title":"Effects of the ultra-short-acting beta-blocker Esmolol infusion on cardiovascular parameters and quality of postoperative recovery in patients scheduled for elective plastic surgery","authors":"D. Lončar-Stojiljković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-34205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-34205","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Esmolol is an ultra-short-acting, easily titratable b-adrenergic receptor antagonist used for urgent treatment of hypertension and tachycardia in non-surgical and surgical settings. Aim of this clinical study was to investigate its cardiovascular effects and quality of the emergence from anaesthesia in patients scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general balanced anaesthesia. Methods: A total of 30 ASA I/II patients were randomised in two groups of similar demographic characteristics and baseline values of cardiovascular parameters. Esmolol group received esmolol dissolved in glucose 5 % as an intravenous infusion, 0.3 mg/kg/min during the first 5 min and at a rate of 0.1 mg/kg/ min thereafter. Control patients received the solvent only, at the same rate and volume. General balanced anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone sodium and fentanyl and maintained with nitrous oxide and oxygen. Neuromuscular relaxation was assured with pancuronium bromide and was antagonised at the end of operation with atropine and neostigmine. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were registered at all critical phases: (1) immediately prior to the induction (baseline value), (2) induction to anaesthesia, (3) tracheal intubation, (4) first skin incision, (5) surgical manipulation with organs, (6) suture of the surgical wound and (7) tracheal extubation. Drug consumption and quality of postoperative recovery were monitored. Results: In most of the critical phases of anaesthesia and operation, patients from the Esmolol group had significantly lower values of cardiovascular parameters than the patients from the Control group. Esmolol-treated patients needed less fentanyl, droperidol and pancuronium and had faster and smoother emergence from anaesthesia than the control patients. Conclusion: Esmolol improved haemodynamics and post-anaesthesia recovery in patients undergoing elective plastic surgery under general balanced anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74331488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-35385
S. Jovičić, Vesna Gajanin, Sanja Umičević-Šipka
Erlotinib is an antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. It is a potent, selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, a receptor for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Cutaneous side effects such as acneiform eruption, xerosis, telangiectasia, hair and nail changes are common. A case of a 70-year-old patient who developed unusual cutaneous side effects after 6 years of treatment with erlotinib was presented.
{"title":"Cutaneous side effects during therapy with Erlotinib: Case report","authors":"S. Jovičić, Vesna Gajanin, Sanja Umičević-Šipka","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-35385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-35385","url":null,"abstract":"Erlotinib is an antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. It is a potent, selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, a receptor for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Cutaneous side effects such as acneiform eruption, xerosis, telangiectasia, hair and nail changes are common. A case of a 70-year-old patient who developed unusual cutaneous side effects after 6 years of treatment with erlotinib was presented.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79313189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-35248
Tatjana Erceg-Rukavina, Dragana Dragičević-Cvjetković
Background/Aim: The positive effect of thermal mineral waters on human health has been known for a long time. Many pathophysiological mechanisms of action of balneotherapy are not specified. Patients with gonarthrosis often have elevated values of serum lipids. This study aimed to examine the effect of drinking sulphate-sulphide thermo mineral water on the lipid status of patients with gonarthrosis. Methods: A prospective clinical study followed 60 patients, both sexes, mean age 65.02 ± 1.03, with gonarthrosis. All inpatient underwent physical treatment with topical application of sulphate-sulphide mineral water. Patients of group A (N = 30) had the use of this mineral water as an additional therapy by drinking, unlike patients of group B (N = 30) who drank plain water. The level of serum lipids of these patients was monitored at admission and 4 weeks after. The variance analysis test (ANOVA) with a level of statistical significance p < 0.001 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A significant reduction in the levels of all lipid fractions in the serum of patients with gonarthrosis was found 4 weeks after the completion of inpatient physical treatment in both study groups. This decrease was statistically significant in patients of group A (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Drinking sulphate-sulphide mineral water in patients with gonarthrosis shows a positive effect on the reduction of serum lipid levels in the short-term follow-up period.
{"title":"Lipid-reducing effects of sulphate-sulphide mineral water in patients with knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Tatjana Erceg-Rukavina, Dragana Dragičević-Cvjetković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-35248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-35248","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The positive effect of thermal mineral waters on human health has been known for a long time. Many pathophysiological mechanisms of action of balneotherapy are not specified. Patients with gonarthrosis often have elevated values of serum lipids. This study aimed to examine the effect of drinking sulphate-sulphide thermo mineral water on the lipid status of patients with gonarthrosis. Methods: A prospective clinical study followed 60 patients, both sexes, mean age 65.02 ± 1.03, with gonarthrosis. All inpatient underwent physical treatment with topical application of sulphate-sulphide mineral water. Patients of group A (N = 30) had the use of this mineral water as an additional therapy by drinking, unlike patients of group B (N = 30) who drank plain water. The level of serum lipids of these patients was monitored at admission and 4 weeks after. The variance analysis test (ANOVA) with a level of statistical significance p < 0.001 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A significant reduction in the levels of all lipid fractions in the serum of patients with gonarthrosis was found 4 weeks after the completion of inpatient physical treatment in both study groups. This decrease was statistically significant in patients of group A (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Drinking sulphate-sulphide mineral water in patients with gonarthrosis shows a positive effect on the reduction of serum lipid levels in the short-term follow-up period.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80790438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/SCRIPTAMED52-31191
Ž. Maksimović, D. Duka, Nataša Bednarčuk, R. Škrbić, M. Stojiljković
Introduction: Oganophosphorus compounds (OP) bind to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and inactivate it. In the synaptic cleft, undestroyed and accumulated acetylcholine produce the acute cholinergic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, speed of onset and intensity of certain signs of paraoxon poisoning depending on dose and outcome of poisoning. Methods: The study was conducted in adult Wistar rats. The median lethal dose (LD50) of paraoxon as well as protective ratio (PR) of atropine (10 mg/kg intramuscularly) was determined. Clinical signs of poisoning were observed: fasciculations, tremor, seizures, ataxia, piloerection, lacrimation, exophthalmos, bizzare/stereotypic behaviour and dyspnoea. The time from paraoxon injection to the first appearance of the sign of poisoning was recorded as well as the intensity of poisoning with evaluation at 10 time intervals throughout the 4 h observational period. Results: The LD50 of paraoxon was 0.33 mg/kg (subcutaneously) and PR of atropine was 2.73. Dose-dependent, piloerection occurred more often (p = 0.009) and at higher intensity (p = 0.016) at higher doses. Fasciculations, tremor, seizures and ataxia occurred significantly earlier at higher doses of paraoxon (p = 0.015, 0.002, 0.021 and 0.016, respectively), as well as the intensity of seizure, tremor and fasciculation. Piloerection (p = 0.002) and seizures occurred more frequently (p = 0.009) in non-survivors. Fasciculations, tremor, seizures and ataxia occurred significantly earlier and at higher intensity in non-survivors (p < 0.001, for all parameters), as well as dyspnoea (p = 0.009 and p = 0.048). In atropine-protected rats, nicotinic effects persevered, so they were the prognostic parameter of the severity of the poisoning. Conclusion: Seizures and fasciculations followed by tremor were strong prognostic parameters of the probability of lethal outcome of paraoxon poisoning. Also, the mentioned poisoning signs were with their intensity and speed of occurrence in a clear positive correlation with the administered dose of paraoxon. Even at high doses of paraoxon, atropine blocked the muscarinic (but not nicotinic) effects and somewhat mitigated the CNS toxic effects.
{"title":"Onset rate and intensity of signs of organophosphate poisoning related to paraoxon dose and survival in rats","authors":"Ž. Maksimović, D. Duka, Nataša Bednarčuk, R. Škrbić, M. Stojiljković","doi":"10.5937/SCRIPTAMED52-31191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SCRIPTAMED52-31191","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oganophosphorus compounds (OP) bind to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and inactivate it. In the synaptic cleft, undestroyed and accumulated acetylcholine produce the acute cholinergic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, speed of onset and intensity of certain signs of paraoxon poisoning depending on dose and outcome of poisoning. Methods: The study was conducted in adult Wistar rats. The median lethal dose (LD50) of paraoxon as well as protective ratio (PR) of atropine (10 mg/kg intramuscularly) was determined. Clinical signs of poisoning were observed: fasciculations, tremor, seizures, ataxia, piloerection, lacrimation, exophthalmos, bizzare/stereotypic behaviour and dyspnoea. The time from paraoxon injection to the first appearance of the sign of poisoning was recorded as well as the intensity of poisoning with evaluation at 10 time intervals throughout the 4 h observational period. Results: The LD50 of paraoxon was 0.33 mg/kg (subcutaneously) and PR of atropine was 2.73. Dose-dependent, piloerection occurred more often (p = 0.009) and at higher intensity (p = 0.016) at higher doses. Fasciculations, tremor, seizures and ataxia occurred significantly earlier at higher doses of paraoxon (p = 0.015, 0.002, 0.021 and 0.016, respectively), as well as the intensity of seizure, tremor and fasciculation. Piloerection (p = 0.002) and seizures occurred more frequently (p = 0.009) in non-survivors. Fasciculations, tremor, seizures and ataxia occurred significantly earlier and at higher intensity in non-survivors (p < 0.001, for all parameters), as well as dyspnoea (p = 0.009 and p = 0.048). In atropine-protected rats, nicotinic effects persevered, so they were the prognostic parameter of the severity of the poisoning. Conclusion: Seizures and fasciculations followed by tremor were strong prognostic parameters of the probability of lethal outcome of paraoxon poisoning. Also, the mentioned poisoning signs were with their intensity and speed of occurrence in a clear positive correlation with the administered dose of paraoxon. Even at high doses of paraoxon, atropine blocked the muscarinic (but not nicotinic) effects and somewhat mitigated the CNS toxic effects.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74573387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-33573
Dragana Dragičević-Cvjetković, Drinka Stevandić
Introduction: In the overall strategy of developing the optimal treatment of patients after COVID-19 infection, recommended by the World Health Organization, rehabilitation plays one of the key roles in improving the functional capacity of these patients and thus their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation on the functional capacity of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: The prospective study included 84 patients of both sexes, mean age 57.92 ± 11.79 years, who were hospitalised at the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ''Dr Miroslav Zotović'' Banja Luka due to moderate pneumonia caused by the COVID-19 virus and after they finished acute rehabilitation. All patients underwent cardiovascular training three times per week and occupational therapy during 28 days of stationary post-acute rehabilitation. The follow-up parameter was a six-minute walk (6-MWT) test at admission and discharge from post-acute rehabilitation. Student t-test for paired samples was used for statistical analysis, and the value of p < 0.05 was taken as statistical significance. Results: The functional capacity of the cardiovascular and respiratory system was statistically significantly improved at discharge compared to admission (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Targeted cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation leads to improvement of functional capacities of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia.
在世界卫生组织推荐的COVID-19感染后患者最佳治疗总体策略中，康复是改善患者功能能力、提高患者生活质量的关键之一。本研究旨在探讨急性康复期间心血管训练对中度COVID-19肺炎患者功能能力的影响。方法:前瞻性研究纳入物理医学和康复研究所“Dr Miroslav zotoviki”Banja Luka因COVID-19病毒引起的中度肺炎住院并完成急性康复治疗的84例男女患者，平均年龄57.92±11.79岁。所有患者均接受心血管训练，每周3次，并在28天的急性康复后固定进行职业治疗。随访参数为入院和出院时的6分钟步行(6-MWT)测试。采用配对样本的学生t检验进行统计学分析，以p < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:出院时心血管和呼吸系统功能较入院时改善，差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。结论:急性康复期间有针对性的心血管训练可改善中度COVID-19肺炎患者的功能能力。
{"title":"Effect of cardiovascular training on functional capacity in post-acute rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients","authors":"Dragana Dragičević-Cvjetković, Drinka Stevandić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-33573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-33573","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the overall strategy of developing the optimal treatment of patients after COVID-19 infection, recommended by the World Health Organization, rehabilitation plays one of the key roles in improving the functional capacity of these patients and thus their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation on the functional capacity of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: The prospective study included 84 patients of both sexes, mean age 57.92 ± 11.79 years, who were hospitalised at the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ''Dr Miroslav Zotović'' Banja Luka due to moderate pneumonia caused by the COVID-19 virus and after they finished acute rehabilitation. All patients underwent cardiovascular training three times per week and occupational therapy during 28 days of stationary post-acute rehabilitation. The follow-up parameter was a six-minute walk (6-MWT) test at admission and discharge from post-acute rehabilitation. Student t-test for paired samples was used for statistical analysis, and the value of p < 0.05 was taken as statistical significance. Results: The functional capacity of the cardiovascular and respiratory system was statistically significantly improved at discharge compared to admission (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Targeted cardiovascular training during post-acute rehabilitation leads to improvement of functional capacities of patients after moderate COVID-19 pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74180353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-33074
Riya Gupta, Naveen R. Saxena, Parul Gupta
Background/Aim: Mumps is by vaccine preventable infectious disease characterised by parotitis. In India mumps vaccines are not currently used under National Immunisation Programme (NIP). Waning of vaccine-induced immunity is considered to play a central role in the re-emergence of mumps. The comprehensive data on the seroepidemiology of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) as well as studies which compare the antibody titre among mumps vaccine naiveand mumps vaccinated children are lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare mumps specific antibody titre in children with and without MMR vaccine. Methods: In 2019/2020, blood samples were collected from 100 healthy children attending immunisation clinic in Government Medical College Kota and associated J K Lon Maternal and Child care hospital Kota. The samples were investigated for MMR IgG antibodies using ELISA. Results: Out of total 100 children included in the study, 32.27 % vaccinated and 4.83 % non-vaccinated children were positive for mumps IgG antibody in the age group of 6 months to 6 years of age. Children aged 6 to 12 years, vaccinated and non-vaccinated, had 31.57 % and 26.57 % positivity, respectively. The seroprevalence of measles, mumps and rubella antibodies among 50 MMR vaccinated children were 94 %, 64 %, and 96 %, respectively. A high measles and rubella seroprevalences were observed among all children age groups, suggesting an effective control program, while the mumps seroprevalence decreased significantly with age. Conclusion: The maximum vaccine effectiveness against mumps for 2 doses of MMR vaccine is ≈ 96 %. The herd immunity threshold to block mumps virus transmission is ≥ 86 %. In this study only 64 % of the vaccinated children were found to have IgG mumps antibodies. In view of morbidity following mumps infection there is a need to incorporate mumps vaccine along with measles and rubella vaccine in the NIP instead of Mr.
背景/目的:腮腺炎是一种以腮腺炎为特征的疫苗可预防的传染病。在印度，目前没有在国家免疫规划(NIP)下使用腮腺炎疫苗。疫苗引起的免疫力下降被认为是腮腺炎再次出现的主要原因。缺乏关于麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)血清流行病学的综合数据，以及比较未接种腮腺炎疫苗和接种腮腺炎疫苗的儿童的抗体滴度的研究。本研究的目的是估计和比较接种和未接种MMR疫苗的儿童的腮腺炎特异性抗体滴度。方法:于2019/2020年在哥打政府医学院及附属哥打J K Lon妇幼保健医院免疫门诊采集100名健康儿童的血液样本。采用ELISA法检测MMR IgG抗体。结果:纳入研究的100名6个月~ 6岁儿童中，接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的儿童中腮腺炎IgG抗体阳性率分别为32.27%和4.83%。6 ~ 12岁儿童，接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的阳性率分别为31.57%和26.57%。50名接种MMR疫苗的儿童中麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹抗体的血清阳性率分别为94%、64%和96%。在所有年龄组的儿童中，麻疹和风疹的血清患病率都很高，这表明有一个有效的控制方案，而腮腺炎的血清患病率随着年龄的增长而显著下降。结论:2剂MMR疫苗对腮腺炎的最大疫苗有效率约为96%。阻断流行性腮腺炎病毒传播的群体免疫阈值≥86%。在这项研究中，只有64%的接种疫苗的儿童被发现有IgG腮腺炎抗体。鉴于流行性腮腺炎感染后的发病率，有必要将流行性腮腺炎疫苗与麻疹和风疹疫苗一起纳入国家免疫计划，以取代麻疹和风疹疫苗。
{"title":"Determination of ELISA reactive mumps IgG antibodies in MMR vaccine recipients in comparison with MMR vaccine naive children: A cross sectional study","authors":"Riya Gupta, Naveen R. Saxena, Parul Gupta","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-33074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-33074","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Mumps is by vaccine preventable infectious disease characterised by parotitis. In India mumps vaccines are not currently used under National Immunisation Programme (NIP). Waning of vaccine-induced immunity is considered to play a central role in the re-emergence of mumps. The comprehensive data on the seroepidemiology of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) as well as studies which compare the antibody titre among mumps vaccine naiveand mumps vaccinated children are lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare mumps specific antibody titre in children with and without MMR vaccine. Methods: In 2019/2020, blood samples were collected from 100 healthy children attending immunisation clinic in Government Medical College Kota and associated J K Lon Maternal and Child care hospital Kota. The samples were investigated for MMR IgG antibodies using ELISA. Results: Out of total 100 children included in the study, 32.27 % vaccinated and 4.83 % non-vaccinated children were positive for mumps IgG antibody in the age group of 6 months to 6 years of age. Children aged 6 to 12 years, vaccinated and non-vaccinated, had 31.57 % and 26.57 % positivity, respectively. The seroprevalence of measles, mumps and rubella antibodies among 50 MMR vaccinated children were 94 %, 64 %, and 96 %, respectively. A high measles and rubella seroprevalences were observed among all children age groups, suggesting an effective control program, while the mumps seroprevalence decreased significantly with age. Conclusion: The maximum vaccine effectiveness against mumps for 2 doses of MMR vaccine is ≈ 96 %. The herd immunity threshold to block mumps virus transmission is ≥ 86 %. In this study only 64 % of the vaccinated children were found to have IgG mumps antibodies. In view of morbidity following mumps infection there is a need to incorporate mumps vaccine along with measles and rubella vaccine in the NIP instead of Mr.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79750658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-33897
Miroslav Popović, Tanja Milić-Radić, Arnela Cerić-Banićević
Introduction: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynaecologic malignancies. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the clinical pathological characteristics and survival analysis of primarily operated patients with advanced stages of malignant epithelial ovarian tumour. Methods: The research was conducted as a cohort study with 59 patients with FIGO stage III and IV, which were primarily operated between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2010 (three years). Age, comorbidities, BMI, presence of ascites, the level of the marker CA-125, histopathology and FIGO stage were analysed. The survival rate was estimated at the level of 1, 3 and 5 years. Results: The median age was 53 years (range 29-86). The most common histopathological type was serous (66.1 %) and the most common FIGO stage was 3a (49.2 %). Optimal cytoreduction was performed in 35.5 % of patients, 84.7 % of patients survived for one year, 44.1 % three years and 37.3 % for five years. The median survival was 26.25 months (range 0-91). Chi-square test showed significant difference between the number of months of survival and: the value of CA125 (t = 2.004, p = 0.050), cytoreduction (p < 0.001) and FIGO stage (p < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, optimal cytoreduction and FIGO stage significantly influence survival (p < 0.001). Optimal cytoreduction (< 2 cm of residual disease) had the highest prognostic value for survival. A total five-year survival in this study was 37.3 %.
{"title":"The clinical and pathological characteristics and survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer","authors":"Miroslav Popović, Tanja Milić-Radić, Arnela Cerić-Banićević","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-33897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-33897","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynaecologic malignancies. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the clinical pathological characteristics and survival analysis of primarily operated patients with advanced stages of malignant epithelial ovarian tumour. Methods: The research was conducted as a cohort study with 59 patients with FIGO stage III and IV, which were primarily operated between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2010 (three years). Age, comorbidities, BMI, presence of ascites, the level of the marker CA-125, histopathology and FIGO stage were analysed. The survival rate was estimated at the level of 1, 3 and 5 years. Results: The median age was 53 years (range 29-86). The most common histopathological type was serous (66.1 %) and the most common FIGO stage was 3a (49.2 %). Optimal cytoreduction was performed in 35.5 % of patients, 84.7 % of patients survived for one year, 44.1 % three years and 37.3 % for five years. The median survival was 26.25 months (range 0-91). Chi-square test showed significant difference between the number of months of survival and: the value of CA125 (t = 2.004, p = 0.050), cytoreduction (p < 0.001) and FIGO stage (p < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, optimal cytoreduction and FIGO stage significantly influence survival (p < 0.001). Optimal cytoreduction (< 2 cm of residual disease) had the highest prognostic value for survival. A total five-year survival in this study was 37.3 %.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90079539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-33568
Đuka Ninković-Baroš, Vesna Gajanin, B. Zrnić, Živorad Gajanin, G. Katalina
Background: According to the cause, chronic urticaria is most frequently divided into autoimmune and idiopathic urticaria. Aim of the paper was to determine the frequency of autoimmune urticaria using autologous serum skin testing and a comparative analysis of chronic idiopathic and chronic autoimmune urticaria by disease course, severity and most common comorbidities. Methods: Analysis covered 64 adult patients of both sexes with chronic urticaria, divided into two groups according to their positivity in autologous serum skin testing (group I with positive test and group II with negative test). General haematological and biochemical parameters, antithyroid antibodies, hepatitis serum markers, Helicobacter pylori and Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies were performed for patients in both groups. First group patients were treated by autologous blood therapy (autohaemotherapy). The analytical statistical tool SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 20 for descriptive statistics and statistical methods was used. The significance level used was p = 0.05. Results: The frequency of positive autologous serum test in total population of patients with chronic urticaria was 43.8 %. The average duration of urticaria was 20 months in both groups. Statistically significant difference was found in weekly scores between the studied groups (p = 0.032) in favour of chronic autoimmune urticaria with a positive autologous serum test. Subjects with chronic autoimmune urticaria had a significantly higher association with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Conclusions: Direct relation was established between the use of autologous blood therapy in patients with autoimmune chronic urticaria and improvement of the clinical picture.
背景:根据病因，慢性荨麻疹最常分为自身免疫性荨麻疹和特发性荨麻疹。本文的目的是通过自体血清皮肤试验确定自身免疫性荨麻疹的发生频率，并根据病程、严重程度和最常见的合并症对慢性特发性和慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹进行比较分析。方法:对64例成人慢性荨麻疹患者进行分析，根据自体血清皮肤试验阳性情况分为阳性组和阴性组。对两组患者进行血液学和生化指标、抗甲状腺抗体、肝炎血清标志物、幽门螺杆菌和伯氏疏螺旋体抗体检测。第一组患者采用自体血液治疗(autohememotherapy)。使用分析统计工具SPSS (statistical Product and Service Solutions)第20版进行描述性统计和统计方法。使用的显著性水平为p = 0.05。结果:慢性荨麻疹患者自体血清检测阳性率为43.8%。两组患者的平均荨麻疹持续时间为20个月。两组间的周评分差异有统计学意义(p = 0.032)，有利于自体血清检测阳性的慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹。慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹患者与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的相关性显著升高。结论:自体血液治疗自身免疫性慢性荨麻疹与改善临床症状有直接关系。
{"title":"Comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters of autoimmune and idiopathic chronic urticaria patients","authors":"Đuka Ninković-Baroš, Vesna Gajanin, B. Zrnić, Živorad Gajanin, G. Katalina","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-33568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-33568","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to the cause, chronic urticaria is most frequently divided into autoimmune and idiopathic urticaria. Aim of the paper was to determine the frequency of autoimmune urticaria using autologous serum skin testing and a comparative analysis of chronic idiopathic and chronic autoimmune urticaria by disease course, severity and most common comorbidities. Methods: Analysis covered 64 adult patients of both sexes with chronic urticaria, divided into two groups according to their positivity in autologous serum skin testing (group I with positive test and group II with negative test). General haematological and biochemical parameters, antithyroid antibodies, hepatitis serum markers, Helicobacter pylori and Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies were performed for patients in both groups. First group patients were treated by autologous blood therapy (autohaemotherapy). The analytical statistical tool SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 20 for descriptive statistics and statistical methods was used. The significance level used was p = 0.05. Results: The frequency of positive autologous serum test in total population of patients with chronic urticaria was 43.8 %. The average duration of urticaria was 20 months in both groups. Statistically significant difference was found in weekly scores between the studied groups (p = 0.032) in favour of chronic autoimmune urticaria with a positive autologous serum test. Subjects with chronic autoimmune urticaria had a significantly higher association with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Conclusions: Direct relation was established between the use of autologous blood therapy in patients with autoimmune chronic urticaria and improvement of the clinical picture.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90415201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed52-32752
D. Knezevic, M. Petković
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), known equally well as faecal transplantation or faecal bacteriotherapy, is the process of implanting the faecal suspension containing balanced microbiota from a healthy donor to the colon of a recipient patient. Excessive growth of Clostridioides difficile (C difficile) in the intestinal microbiota resulting from antibiotic consumption is currently a rising threat to public health. FMT is one of the most important, newer approaches to treating C difficile infections. Since C difficile is regarded as an opportunistic bacterium triggering disease in conditions of disturbed homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, restoration of healthy intestinal microflora facilitates suppression of toxic strain of C difficile by anaerobic bacteria of normal intestinal microflora with concomitant cure. Nurses have important role in caring for patients after faecal transplantation.
{"title":"Faecal transplantation and Clostridioides difficile infection","authors":"D. Knezevic, M. Petković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed52-32752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-32752","url":null,"abstract":"Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), known equally well as faecal transplantation or faecal bacteriotherapy, is the process of implanting the faecal suspension containing balanced microbiota from a healthy donor to the colon of a recipient patient. Excessive growth of Clostridioides difficile (C difficile) in the intestinal microbiota resulting from antibiotic consumption is currently a rising threat to public health. FMT is one of the most important, newer approaches to treating C difficile infections. Since C difficile is regarded as an opportunistic bacterium triggering disease in conditions of disturbed homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, restoration of healthy intestinal microflora facilitates suppression of toxic strain of C difficile by anaerobic bacteria of normal intestinal microflora with concomitant cure. Nurses have important role in caring for patients after faecal transplantation.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78716219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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