Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-38104
Vesna Ljubojević, Vlatka Bojanić, Tatjana Nožica-Radulović, D. Draganović, Saša Skočić-Smoljanović
Background/Aim: With an increase in cardiac output, blood pressure values in pregnancy increase. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of prenatal exercises on the circulatory parameters and the correlation between blood pressure and nailfold capillary parameters in healthy pregnant women. Methods: The blood pressure shape and length of nailfold capillary were assessed in 35 non-exercising pregnant women and 35 pregnant women who exercised, at the beginning of the study (between 20 and 32 gestational week) and the end of the study (28 - 40 gestational week). Results: The elevation in blood pressure was significantly lower in pregnant women who exercised in relation to non-exercising pregnant women. After eight weeks, the length of the capillary loops was increased by 30 µm and the number of pregnant women with pronounced shape changes of capillary loops increased, with no difference between the groups. Non-exercisers had a correlation between the change in diastolic pressure and the increase in capillary length (r = 0.53, p = 0.001). In the experimental group, the correlation between the change in blood pressure and the increase in the length of capillary loops was not determined. Conclusion: Prenatal physical activity had a beneficial impact on the circulation of pregnant women. In pregnant women in the third trimester, after eight weeks of follow-up, the length of the nailfold capillary loops and the presence of pronounced shape changes of capillary loops were increased, without difference between exercisers and non-exercisers. In non-exercising pregnant women, the capillary length was increased with the elevation of diastolic blood pressure, while the correlation was not found in pregnant women who exercised.
背景/目的:随着心排血量的增加，妊娠期血压升高。本研究旨在探讨产前运动对健康孕妇血液循环参数的影响，以及血压与甲襞毛细血管参数的相关性。方法:在研究开始时(孕周20 ~ 32周)和研究结束时(孕周28 ~ 40周)，对35名未运动孕妇和35名运动孕妇的血压、形状和甲襞毛细血管长度进行了评估。结果:与不运动的孕妇相比，运动的孕妇血压升高明显较低。8周后，毛细血管袢长度增加30µm，毛细血管袢形状变化明显的孕妇数量增加，两组间无差异。非运动者舒张压变化与毛细血管长度增加之间存在相关性(r = 0.53, p = 0.001)。在实验组中，血压的变化与毛细血管袢长度的增加之间的相关性没有确定。结论:产前体育锻炼对孕妇血液循环有有益影响。在妊娠晚期的孕妇中，经过8周的随访，甲襞毛细血管袢的长度和毛细血管袢形状的明显变化都增加了，运动者和非运动者之间没有差异。在未运动的孕妇中，毛细血管长度随舒张压的升高而增加，而在运动的孕妇中没有发现这种相关性。
{"title":"The research of correlation between blood pressure and nailfold capillary parameters in exercising and non-exercising pregnant women","authors":"Vesna Ljubojević, Vlatka Bojanić, Tatjana Nožica-Radulović, D. Draganović, Saša Skočić-Smoljanović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-38104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-38104","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: With an increase in cardiac output, blood pressure values in pregnancy increase. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of prenatal exercises on the circulatory parameters and the correlation between blood pressure and nailfold capillary parameters in healthy pregnant women. Methods: The blood pressure shape and length of nailfold capillary were assessed in 35 non-exercising pregnant women and 35 pregnant women who exercised, at the beginning of the study (between 20 and 32 gestational week) and the end of the study (28 - 40 gestational week). Results: The elevation in blood pressure was significantly lower in pregnant women who exercised in relation to non-exercising pregnant women. After eight weeks, the length of the capillary loops was increased by 30 µm and the number of pregnant women with pronounced shape changes of capillary loops increased, with no difference between the groups. Non-exercisers had a correlation between the change in diastolic pressure and the increase in capillary length (r = 0.53, p = 0.001). In the experimental group, the correlation between the change in blood pressure and the increase in the length of capillary loops was not determined. Conclusion: Prenatal physical activity had a beneficial impact on the circulation of pregnant women. In pregnant women in the third trimester, after eight weeks of follow-up, the length of the nailfold capillary loops and the presence of pronounced shape changes of capillary loops were increased, without difference between exercisers and non-exercisers. In non-exercising pregnant women, the capillary length was increased with the elevation of diastolic blood pressure, while the correlation was not found in pregnant women who exercised.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87607336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-36717
R. Igić, Paula Bernaciak
Tobacco smoking is a mental and behavioral disease. It causes significant pathology and premature death in more than seven million individuals a year around the globe. Because smoking is such important public health issue, the general public will benefit from targeted preventive strategies. Medical doctors have a vital role in smoking cessation of their patients. Non-smokers are more successful in this role than chronic smokers. Governmental regulation on smoking, as well as strict no-smoke policy in hospitals and university campuses will help not only medical students, other health workers and the general public to quit smoking and contribute to the general good health of this population. The aim of this comment is to analyse the current smoking habits of physicians and medical students and presents policies and other help to the medical students to stop tobacco smoking.
{"title":"Tobacco smoking among physicians and medical students","authors":"R. Igić, Paula Bernaciak","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36717","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco smoking is a mental and behavioral disease. It causes significant pathology and premature death in more than seven million individuals a year around the globe. Because smoking is such important public health issue, the general public will benefit from targeted preventive strategies. Medical doctors have a vital role in smoking cessation of their patients. Non-smokers are more successful in this role than chronic smokers. Governmental regulation on smoking, as well as strict no-smoke policy in hospitals and university campuses will help not only medical students, other health workers and the general public to quit smoking and contribute to the general good health of this population. The aim of this comment is to analyse the current smoking habits of physicians and medical students and presents policies and other help to the medical students to stop tobacco smoking.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90094677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-37418
G. Pierce, J. Deniset, Craig T. Resch, M. Mourin, Elena Dibrov, P. Dibrov
Inflammation plays a critical role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Bacteria and viruses are major causative agents of inflammation in the body which normally develops as a response to infection. It is a logical extention, therefore, to believe bacterial and viral infections may be involved in a variety of presentations of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe the data and conclusions to date on the involvement of these infectious agents in the induction of cardiovascular disease. The review also discusses the various specific bacteria and viruses that have been implicated in cardiovascular disease and the mechanisms, if known, that these agents induce cardiovascular disease.
{"title":"The evidence for a role of bacteria and viruses in cardiovascular disease","authors":"G. Pierce, J. Deniset, Craig T. Resch, M. Mourin, Elena Dibrov, P. Dibrov","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-37418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-37418","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation plays a critical role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Bacteria and viruses are major causative agents of inflammation in the body which normally develops as a response to infection. It is a logical extention, therefore, to believe bacterial and viral infections may be involved in a variety of presentations of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe the data and conclusions to date on the involvement of these infectious agents in the induction of cardiovascular disease. The review also discusses the various specific bacteria and viruses that have been implicated in cardiovascular disease and the mechanisms, if known, that these agents induce cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77133908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-35056
R. Knežević, J. Vojinović
Background / Aim: The presence of white spot lesion (WSL) is considered the first stage of dental caries. The early detection and diagnosis of WSL is of crucial importance, since caries can be prevented at this stage, reversed and/or controlled by elimination of etiological factors and by use of fluorides. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy between the two fluoride varnishes on WSL remineralisation evaluated by laser fluorescence. Methods: A total of 30 children and 60 WSL cases (2 per each child) were included in this study. The selected WSL were randomly divided into two groups in each child: G1 applying Fluor Protector S®, Vivadent, Lichenstein (n = 30) and G2 applying MI varnish®, GC, Tokyo, Japan (n = 30). The fluoride varnishes were submitted to three applications: at baseline, four weeks and eight weeks following the baseline, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Mineral density of the enamel was measured using laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent® 2095, KaVo, Biberach, Germany) for each WSL. Laser fluorescence (LF) measurements were performed at baseline and at fourth, eighth and twelfth week after starting the treatment and LF scores were calculated. Results: By comparing LF scores at each measurement after treatment initiation, it was found that the scores were significantly lower in all groups when compared to baseline. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that both fluoride varnishes used were capable of remineralising WSL as evaluated by LF measurements. No difference was noted in the remineralising efficacy of the varnishes despite their different compositions. The main limitations of this study are small sample size and short follow up period. Therefore, further studies with large sample size and a longer follow up are, however, necessary.
{"title":"Therapeutic effect of two fluoride varnishes on remineralisation of white spot lesions evaluated by laser fluorescence","authors":"R. Knežević, J. Vojinović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-35056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-35056","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: The presence of white spot lesion (WSL) is considered the first stage of dental caries. The early detection and diagnosis of WSL is of crucial importance, since caries can be prevented at this stage, reversed and/or controlled by elimination of etiological factors and by use of fluorides. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy between the two fluoride varnishes on WSL remineralisation evaluated by laser fluorescence. Methods: A total of 30 children and 60 WSL cases (2 per each child) were included in this study. The selected WSL were randomly divided into two groups in each child: G1 applying Fluor Protector S®, Vivadent, Lichenstein (n = 30) and G2 applying MI varnish®, GC, Tokyo, Japan (n = 30). The fluoride varnishes were submitted to three applications: at baseline, four weeks and eight weeks following the baseline, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Mineral density of the enamel was measured using laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent® 2095, KaVo, Biberach, Germany) for each WSL. Laser fluorescence (LF) measurements were performed at baseline and at fourth, eighth and twelfth week after starting the treatment and LF scores were calculated. Results: By comparing LF scores at each measurement after treatment initiation, it was found that the scores were significantly lower in all groups when compared to baseline. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that both fluoride varnishes used were capable of remineralising WSL as evaluated by LF measurements. No difference was noted in the remineralising efficacy of the varnishes despite their different compositions. The main limitations of this study are small sample size and short follow up period. Therefore, further studies with large sample size and a longer follow up are, however, necessary.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75551053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-39374
Stefan Milić, J. Janković
Background/Aim: Acne can occur in people of all ages, but mostly affects the population at puberty. Given the high prevalence and large impact that acne has on young people, the aim of this study was to assess adolescents' knowledge about factors that improve or worsen the clinical picture of acne, as well as to evaluate the sources used to obtain information on acne. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 460 high school pupils from the Medical School and Gymnasium in Kosovska Mitrovica. A self-administrated questionnaire was used. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to model the association between gender (males/females) or presence of acne (no/yes) and potential exacerbating and ameliorating factors, as well as sources of information. Results: 36.7 % of the respondents were male and 63.3 % were female. 48.9 % of high school pupils confirmed that they had acne. The main factors that worsen the condition of acne, were irregular face washing (88.7 %), hormones (87.0 %), fatty foods (80.9 %) and sweets (79.3 %). The majority of respondents believed that the intake of more water (83.9 %), cosmetic treatment (77.8 %), dietary changes (75.9 %), holiday (54.1 %) and sunbathing (39.3 %) affect improving acne. Taking more water (OR = 1.77; 95 % CI = 1.01-3.11) as a factor in improving acne was significantly more common in girls, while boys more often believed that sunbathing (OR = 0.62; 95 % CI = 0.41-0.94) and weight loss (OR = 0.53; 95 % CI = 0.32-0.88) affect the improvement of acne. The most important sources of information about acne were the Internet (73.0 %) followed by parents (62.6 %), friends (54.1 %), and a doctor (42.8 %). Conclusion: Acne was more common in women and those with a positive family history. The presence of misconceptions among young people regarding the factors that improve or worsen the condition of acne indicates the need for additional education.
背景/目的:痤疮可以发生在所有年龄段的人身上，但主要发生在青春期。鉴于痤疮对年轻人的高患病率和巨大影响，本研究的目的是评估青少年对改善或恶化痤疮临床情况的因素的认识，以及评估用于获得痤疮信息的来源。方法:对科索沃米特罗维察市医学院和体育馆的460名高中生进行横断面研究。采用自我管理问卷。使用单变量和多变量logistic回归来模拟性别(男性/女性)或痤疮存在(否/是)与潜在的恶化和改善因素以及信息来源之间的关联。结果:男性占36.7%，女性占63.3%。48.9%的高中生确认自己有痤疮。导致痤疮恶化的主要因素是不规律洗脸(88.7%)、激素(87.0%)、高脂肪食物(80.9%)和甜食(79.3%)。大多数受访者认为多喝水(83.9%)、美容治疗(77.8%)、饮食改变(75.9%)、度假(54.1%)和日光浴(39.3%)对痤疮的改善有影响。多喝水(OR = 1.77;95% CI = 1.01-3.11)作为改善痤疮的因素在女孩中更为常见，而男孩更常认为日光浴(OR = 0.62;95% CI = 0.41-0.94)和体重减轻(OR = 0.53;95% CI = 0.32-0.88)影响痤疮的改善。最重要的痤疮信息来源是互联网(73.0%)，其次是父母(62.6%)，朋友(54.1%)和医生(42.8%)。结论:痤疮在女性和有阳性家族史的人群中更为常见。年轻人对改善或恶化痤疮状况的因素存在误解，这表明需要进行额外的教育。
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of acne among adolescents in Kosovska Mitrovica: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Stefan Milić, J. Janković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-39374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-39374","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Acne can occur in people of all ages, but mostly affects the population at puberty. Given the high prevalence and large impact that acne has on young people, the aim of this study was to assess adolescents' knowledge about factors that improve or worsen the clinical picture of acne, as well as to evaluate the sources used to obtain information on acne. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 460 high school pupils from the Medical School and Gymnasium in Kosovska Mitrovica. A self-administrated questionnaire was used. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to model the association between gender (males/females) or presence of acne (no/yes) and potential exacerbating and ameliorating factors, as well as sources of information. Results: 36.7 % of the respondents were male and 63.3 % were female. 48.9 % of high school pupils confirmed that they had acne. The main factors that worsen the condition of acne, were irregular face washing (88.7 %), hormones (87.0 %), fatty foods (80.9 %) and sweets (79.3 %). The majority of respondents believed that the intake of more water (83.9 %), cosmetic treatment (77.8 %), dietary changes (75.9 %), holiday (54.1 %) and sunbathing (39.3 %) affect improving acne. Taking more water (OR = 1.77; 95 % CI = 1.01-3.11) as a factor in improving acne was significantly more common in girls, while boys more often believed that sunbathing (OR = 0.62; 95 % CI = 0.41-0.94) and weight loss (OR = 0.53; 95 % CI = 0.32-0.88) affect the improvement of acne. The most important sources of information about acne were the Internet (73.0 %) followed by parents (62.6 %), friends (54.1 %), and a doctor (42.8 %). Conclusion: Acne was more common in women and those with a positive family history. The presence of misconceptions among young people regarding the factors that improve or worsen the condition of acne indicates the need for additional education.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73235888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-36641
Puja Malav, Gopal Jhalani, Harsh Yadav, S. Dhaked, Ravi Bhatt
Background / Aim: Clinical trials are becoming more popular in India, but its awareness among the medical professionals remains far from satisfactory. Clinical research/trial can help medical students in developing the critical thinking abilities necessary for medical practice. In this era of evidence-based medicine, the integration of medical education and clinical research is crucial to ensure that scientific findings are translated into clinical practice. The present study aimed to find out the awareness about clinical trial among undergraduates. Methods: After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, this cross-sectional study was conducted on students from first to final year and interns after taking their consent. A sample of 390 respondents was analysed. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the objective of this study. The proportion of successfully answered questions in each group was computed and the results were sorted into pre-determined grades as follows: As excellent - 80-100 %, moderate - 50-80 % and terrible - less than 50 %. Results: Out of 390 undergraduate students, for the statement regarding the concept of clinical trials, around 28.2 % fell in the good category, 57.7 % in the average category and 14.1 % in the poor category. Regarding the statement about role of the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) in approving new drug, 34.1 % were poor responders, 52.6 % were average and 13.3 % were good. The statements regarding the participation in the clinical research study showed that majority were in the poor and average response category (45.6 % and 41.5 %, respectively) as compared to only 12.8 % in the good category. Conclusions: The overall awareness of clinical trials was low among students, the medical undergraduates are future innovators, clinicians and scientific explorers. It would be better if they are trained at earlier days of learning about clinical trials/research and medical ethics. These can be made a part of medical curriculum so that they can build their concrete future.
{"title":"The awareness survey of clinical trials among medical students of south rajasthan, India","authors":"Puja Malav, Gopal Jhalani, Harsh Yadav, S. Dhaked, Ravi Bhatt","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36641","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Clinical trials are becoming more popular in India, but its awareness among the medical professionals remains far from satisfactory. Clinical research/trial can help medical students in developing the critical thinking abilities necessary for medical practice. In this era of evidence-based medicine, the integration of medical education and clinical research is crucial to ensure that scientific findings are translated into clinical practice. The present study aimed to find out the awareness about clinical trial among undergraduates. Methods: After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, this cross-sectional study was conducted on students from first to final year and interns after taking their consent. A sample of 390 respondents was analysed. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the objective of this study. The proportion of successfully answered questions in each group was computed and the results were sorted into pre-determined grades as follows: As excellent - 80-100 %, moderate - 50-80 % and terrible - less than 50 %. Results: Out of 390 undergraduate students, for the statement regarding the concept of clinical trials, around 28.2 % fell in the good category, 57.7 % in the average category and 14.1 % in the poor category. Regarding the statement about role of the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) in approving new drug, 34.1 % were poor responders, 52.6 % were average and 13.3 % were good. The statements regarding the participation in the clinical research study showed that majority were in the poor and average response category (45.6 % and 41.5 %, respectively) as compared to only 12.8 % in the good category. Conclusions: The overall awareness of clinical trials was low among students, the medical undergraduates are future innovators, clinicians and scientific explorers. It would be better if they are trained at earlier days of learning about clinical trials/research and medical ethics. These can be made a part of medical curriculum so that they can build their concrete future.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83422666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-38848
A. Tak, P. Parihar, Fatehpuriya Singh, Yogesh Singh
Background: Screening and early detection play a key role in cervical cancer prevention. The present study predicts the outcome of various diagnostic tests used to diagnose cervical cancer using machine learning algorithms. Methods: The present study ran various cervical cancer risk factors on a machine learning (ML) classifier to predict outcomes of Hinselmann, Schiller, cytology and biopsy. The dataset is publicly available on the Machine Learning Repository website of the University of California Irvine. The imbalanced dataset was pre-processed using oversampling methods. The significantly varied features between the two levels of a response variable were used to train the machine learning classifiers on MATLAB. The classifiers used were Decision Trees, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbours and Ensemble learning classifiers. The performance metrics of the classifiers were expressed as accuracy, the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AU-ROC) curve, sensitivity and specificity. Results: The Fine Gaussian SVM classifier was the best to classify Hinselmann, cytology and biopsy with the accuracy of 97.5 %, 62.5 % and 98 %, respectively. However, Boosted trees performed best in the classification of Schiller with 81.3 % accuracy. Conclusion: The present study selected optimised features among multiple risk factors to train various ML classifiers to predict cervical cancer.
{"title":"Optimised feature selection and cervical cancer prediction using Machine learning classification","authors":"A. Tak, P. Parihar, Fatehpuriya Singh, Yogesh Singh","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-38848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-38848","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Screening and early detection play a key role in cervical cancer prevention. The present study predicts the outcome of various diagnostic tests used to diagnose cervical cancer using machine learning algorithms. Methods: The present study ran various cervical cancer risk factors on a machine learning (ML) classifier to predict outcomes of Hinselmann, Schiller, cytology and biopsy. The dataset is publicly available on the Machine Learning Repository website of the University of California Irvine. The imbalanced dataset was pre-processed using oversampling methods. The significantly varied features between the two levels of a response variable were used to train the machine learning classifiers on MATLAB. The classifiers used were Decision Trees, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbours and Ensemble learning classifiers. The performance metrics of the classifiers were expressed as accuracy, the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AU-ROC) curve, sensitivity and specificity. Results: The Fine Gaussian SVM classifier was the best to classify Hinselmann, cytology and biopsy with the accuracy of 97.5 %, 62.5 % and 98 %, respectively. However, Boosted trees performed best in the classification of Schiller with 81.3 % accuracy. Conclusion: The present study selected optimised features among multiple risk factors to train various ML classifiers to predict cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73552603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-36711
Milena Brkić, D. Đekić, Jelena Jovanić, Goran Topic, A. Grbić, Tatjana Šutilović
Background/Aim: The evidence showed that in the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) and coronary heart disease (CHD) significant role is played by metabolic risk factors: insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidaemia and obesity. Beside metabolic factors, increase in inflammatory markers such as fibrinogen and hs-C reactive protein (hsCRP) plays a role in developing CHD. Metabolic disorders are thought to also be present in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and could contribute to development of CHD in these individuals. Aim of this study was to investigate the behaviour of metabolic parameters and chronic inflammation markers in patients with IGT on glucose tolerance test and associated CHD. Methods: The trial included 4 groups of 30 subjects: a) IGT with CHD, b) IGT without CHD, c) CHD without IGT and d) control group without CHD and with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Within each group glucoregulation parameters were measured (fasting glucose and Hb1Ac). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g glucose load was performed and IR parameters calculated (using HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, Quicki index, HOMA1%B), lipid profile was done, waist/hip ratio was measured, as well as fibrinogen and hsCRP. CHD diagnosis was determined by typical signs of previous myocardial infarction on ECG, echocardiogram and/or ergometry (Bruce protocol). Results: Subjects with IGT, but no CHD and those with both IGT and CHD had statistically significantly higher triglyceride and cholesterol levels and manifest IR with decreased insulin sensitivity compared to subjects with CHD, but no IGT and control group. Group with both IGT and CHD was found to have significantly higher fibrinogen and hsCRP concentrations. Conclusion: IR and hyperlipidaemia, together with chronic inflammation mediators, are potential predictors of the development of glucose tolerance disorders; hence interventional treatment during IGT period or during hyperinsulinaemia could give patients better opportunity to prevent or postpone onset or development of diabetes and its complications.
{"title":"Metabolic disorders in patients with impaired glucose tolerance, with or without underlying ischaemic heart disease","authors":"Milena Brkić, D. Đekić, Jelena Jovanić, Goran Topic, A. Grbić, Tatjana Šutilović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36711","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The evidence showed that in the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) and coronary heart disease (CHD) significant role is played by metabolic risk factors: insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidaemia and obesity. Beside metabolic factors, increase in inflammatory markers such as fibrinogen and hs-C reactive protein (hsCRP) plays a role in developing CHD. Metabolic disorders are thought to also be present in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and could contribute to development of CHD in these individuals. Aim of this study was to investigate the behaviour of metabolic parameters and chronic inflammation markers in patients with IGT on glucose tolerance test and associated CHD. Methods: The trial included 4 groups of 30 subjects: a) IGT with CHD, b) IGT without CHD, c) CHD without IGT and d) control group without CHD and with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Within each group glucoregulation parameters were measured (fasting glucose and Hb1Ac). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g glucose load was performed and IR parameters calculated (using HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, Quicki index, HOMA1%B), lipid profile was done, waist/hip ratio was measured, as well as fibrinogen and hsCRP. CHD diagnosis was determined by typical signs of previous myocardial infarction on ECG, echocardiogram and/or ergometry (Bruce protocol). Results: Subjects with IGT, but no CHD and those with both IGT and CHD had statistically significantly higher triglyceride and cholesterol levels and manifest IR with decreased insulin sensitivity compared to subjects with CHD, but no IGT and control group. Group with both IGT and CHD was found to have significantly higher fibrinogen and hsCRP concentrations. Conclusion: IR and hyperlipidaemia, together with chronic inflammation mediators, are potential predictors of the development of glucose tolerance disorders; hence interventional treatment during IGT period or during hyperinsulinaemia could give patients better opportunity to prevent or postpone onset or development of diabetes and its complications.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91174913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-35544
J. Đeri, J. Ćulum, Zoran Aleksić, Dalibor Šaran, Romana Rajić
Background/Aim: Dehiscence of the colorectal anastomosis is one of the most serious complications in digestive surgery that is still present in a large percentage today, which significantly increases the cost of treatment and can lead to death. Due to all the above, early detection of anastomotic dehiscence is very important, as well as the decision on surgical treatment. Procalcitonin (PCT) is thought to be an important marker of inflammation and sepsis. Aim of this paper was to confirm PCT as a marker of great sensitivity in early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage. Methods: The study included patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer in the period from 2016 to 2020. Patients were operated according to an elective protocol and with an open surgical approach. In patients, PCT values were measured on the 2nd and 4th postoperative day (POD) to determine the association between elevated PCT values and the onset of dehiscence of the colorectal anastomosis. Results: A study was conducted in 118 patients in whom a stapler colorectal anastomosis was created. Colorectal anastomosis dehiscence occurred in 10 patients. In 4 patients with dehiscence, no re-surgical intervention was required, but they were taken care of by conservative methods. Repeated surgery was performed in 6 patients. In all patients with dehiscence, there was a multiple increase in the value of PCT above normal. Conclusion: PCT has high sensitivity and specificity (85 and 74 % respectively) as a marker in dehiscence of colorectal anastomosis. In this study it was found that PCT values were significantly correlated with the dehiscence of anastomo-sis 2nd POD and especially 4th POD.
{"title":"Procalcitonin is one of the predictive factors of dehiscence of the colorectal anastomosis","authors":"J. Đeri, J. Ćulum, Zoran Aleksić, Dalibor Šaran, Romana Rajić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-35544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-35544","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Dehiscence of the colorectal anastomosis is one of the most serious complications in digestive surgery that is still present in a large percentage today, which significantly increases the cost of treatment and can lead to death. Due to all the above, early detection of anastomotic dehiscence is very important, as well as the decision on surgical treatment. Procalcitonin (PCT) is thought to be an important marker of inflammation and sepsis. Aim of this paper was to confirm PCT as a marker of great sensitivity in early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage. Methods: The study included patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer in the period from 2016 to 2020. Patients were operated according to an elective protocol and with an open surgical approach. In patients, PCT values were measured on the 2nd and 4th postoperative day (POD) to determine the association between elevated PCT values and the onset of dehiscence of the colorectal anastomosis. Results: A study was conducted in 118 patients in whom a stapler colorectal anastomosis was created. Colorectal anastomosis dehiscence occurred in 10 patients. In 4 patients with dehiscence, no re-surgical intervention was required, but they were taken care of by conservative methods. Repeated surgery was performed in 6 patients. In all patients with dehiscence, there was a multiple increase in the value of PCT above normal. Conclusion: PCT has high sensitivity and specificity (85 and 74 % respectively) as a marker in dehiscence of colorectal anastomosis. In this study it was found that PCT values were significantly correlated with the dehiscence of anastomo-sis 2nd POD and especially 4th POD.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86368963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Autoimmune bullous diseases are characterised by the production of autoantibodies to epidermal or subepidermal adhesive proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between age and sex of patients with the results of indirect immunofluorescence test in patients with newly diagnosed bullous dermatoses. Methods: The investigation presents a retrospective study of newly diagnosed patients with autoimmune bullous diseases at the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases of the University Clinical Centre in Banja Luka in the period 2016-2021. In addition to demographic data, the results of an indirect immunofluorescence test in two titres (≥ 1:10 and ≥ 1:100) were analysed. Results: In this study, almost the same number of patients with pemphigus (45.2 %) and pemphigoid (54.8 %) was found. There were more women than men in the total sample (p = 0.049). The average age of subjects with pemphigoid was higher than that of patients with pemphigus (p = 0.001). 48.2 % of patients with pemphigus and 51.8 % of patients with pemphigoid had a positive indirect immunofluorescence test. A positive test for epidermal intercellular substance in both sexes at a titre ≥ 1:100 is higher than a titre ≥ 1:10 (p = 0.029). Patients with autoantibody titres ≥ 1:100 to desmoglein-1 were statistically significantly older than patients with titres ≥ 1:10 (p = 0.047). Conclusion: Number of patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid were similar, with no difference in sex distribution between the two groups of patients, but patients with pemphigoid were older than patients with pemphigus. The difference between high and low autoantibody titres in both sexes was found only in the group of pemphigus on epidermal intercellular substance and desmoglein-1.
{"title":"Relationship between the age and sex of the patient with the results of the indirect immunofluorescence test in patients with bullous dermatoses","authors":"Đuka Ninković-Baroš, Jagoda Balaban, Sanja Umičević-Šipka, Vesna Gajanin","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-37483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-37483","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Autoimmune bullous diseases are characterised by the production of autoantibodies to epidermal or subepidermal adhesive proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between age and sex of patients with the results of indirect immunofluorescence test in patients with newly diagnosed bullous dermatoses. Methods: The investigation presents a retrospective study of newly diagnosed patients with autoimmune bullous diseases at the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases of the University Clinical Centre in Banja Luka in the period 2016-2021. In addition to demographic data, the results of an indirect immunofluorescence test in two titres (≥ 1:10 and ≥ 1:100) were analysed. Results: In this study, almost the same number of patients with pemphigus (45.2 %) and pemphigoid (54.8 %) was found. There were more women than men in the total sample (p = 0.049). The average age of subjects with pemphigoid was higher than that of patients with pemphigus (p = 0.001). 48.2 % of patients with pemphigus and 51.8 % of patients with pemphigoid had a positive indirect immunofluorescence test. A positive test for epidermal intercellular substance in both sexes at a titre ≥ 1:100 is higher than a titre ≥ 1:10 (p = 0.029). Patients with autoantibody titres ≥ 1:100 to desmoglein-1 were statistically significantly older than patients with titres ≥ 1:10 (p = 0.047). Conclusion: Number of patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid were similar, with no difference in sex distribution between the two groups of patients, but patients with pemphigoid were older than patients with pemphigus. The difference between high and low autoantibody titres in both sexes was found only in the group of pemphigus on epidermal intercellular substance and desmoglein-1.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81342056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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