Clocks & Sleep最新文献

Worsening adolescent mental health is a significant social issue. Although dreams may reflect one's mental state, few studies have focused on adolescents. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between dream content and mental health, specifically anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms, among Japanese adolescents. This cross-sectional study obtained data on gender, grade, age, lifestyle habits, weekday sleep duration, anxiety disorder symptoms, depressive symptoms, and dreams from Japanese high school students. The data were analyzed via multiple logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms increased with the frequency of "rumination at bedtime", "memory of dreams", "emotional carryover", and "awakening by frightening", "unpleasant", "film-like", "fantastical", and "recurring" dreams. However, this was not the case for "pleasant dreams". Furthermore, "rumination at bedtime" (anxiety disorder symptoms: adjusted odds ratio: 10.60; 95% confidence interval: 5.92-18.97; depressive symptoms: 8.79, 5.58-13.87) and "unpleasant dreams" (anxiety disorder symptoms: 5.25, 2.86-9.64; depressive symptoms: 10.13, 5.57-18.44) exhibited particularly high odds ratios. "Rumination at bedtime" and "unpleasant dreams" may serve as early indicators of declining mental health. School- and parent-led interventions aimed at improving mental well-being may help prevent the progression or exacerbation of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adolescents.

Circadian rhythms (CRs) are a key biological system regulating physiological processes such as metabolism, cell growth, DNA repair, and immunity, adapting to environmental changes like the light/dark cycle. Governed by internal clocks, it modulates gene expression through feedback loops involving Clock Genes (CGs), with the cycle initiated by CLOCK-BMAL1 and NPAS2-BMAL1 heterodimers. Disruptions in circadian rhythms have been linked to diseases including metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. CIPC (CLOCK-interacting pacemaker) has been studied as a negative regulator of the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex, focusing on its role in cancer, particularly leukemias. Public datasets and bioinformatics tools were used to examine CIPC gene expression in healthy patients and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples. Our analysis revealed significant overexpression of CIPC in AML compared to healthy tissues (p < 0.0001 ****). Additionally, survival analysis indicated significant differences in overall survival based on CIPC expression, with a log-rank test p-value = 0.014, suggesting that CIPC expression may affect overall patient survival. Altered CIPC expression may contribute to leukemogenesis by inhibiting circadian genes, which are often disrupted in leukemia. Furthermore, CIPC interacts with oncogenic pathways, including the MAPK/ERK pathway, which is essential for cell proliferation. Additional studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the detailed role of CIPC in cancer development.

Background: Sleep disorders are a group of conditions that disrupt normal sleep patterns and are among the most common clinical challenges faced today. An innovative device that employs nanotechnology to deliver beneficial effects on the human body is the Taopatch^® (Tao Technologies, Vedelago, Italy). This study aims to assess the effectiveness of such nanotechnology-based devices in improving sleep quality.

Methods: This study included only female participants, as a review of the literature indicated that sleep disorders are more prevalent in women than in men. A total of 30 subjects (with a mean age of 44.8 ± 3.44 years) were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Sleep quality was evaluated three times throughout the study for each participant using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Taopatch^® devices were applied using a specialized pillow.

Results: The experimental group showed significantly better sleep quality (p < 0.001) compared to the control group.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the application of the Taopatch^® has a positive impact on sleep quality by optimizing posture, aligning the cervical spine, and promoting muscle relaxation. This device uses advanced nanotechnology to enhance various physiological functions, contributing to better overall well-being.

Chronobiotics represent a pharmacologically diverse group of substances, encompassing both experimental compounds and those utilized in clinical practice, which possess the capacity to modulate the parameters of circadian rhythms. These substances influence fluctuations in various physiological and biochemical processes, including the expression of core "clock" genes in model organisms and cell cultures, as well as the expression of clock-controlled genes. Despite their chemical heterogeneity, chronobiotics share the common ability to alter circadian dynamics. The concept of chronobiotic drugs has been recognized for over five decades, dating back to the discovery and detailed clinical characterization of the hormone melatonin. However, the field remains fragmented, lacking a unified classification system for these pharmacological agents. The current categorizations include natural chrononutrients, synthetic targeted circadian rhythm modulators, hypnotics, and chronobiotic hormones, yet no comprehensive repository of knowledge on chronobiotics exists. Addressing this gap, the development of the world's first curated and continuously updated database of chronobiotic drugs-circadian rhythm modulators-accessible via the global Internet, represents a critical and timely objective for the fields of chronobiology, chronomedicine, and pharmacoinformatics/bioinformatics. The primary objective of this study is to construct a relational database, ChronobioticsDB, utilizing the Django framework and PostGreSQL as the database management system. The database will be accessible through a dedicated web interface and will be filled in with data on chronobiotics extracted and manually annotated from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science articles. Each entry in the database will comprise a detailed compound card, featuring links to primary data sources, a molecular structure image, the compound's chemical formula in machine-readable SMILES format, and its name according to IUPAC nomenclature. To enhance the depth and accuracy of the information, the database will be synchronized with external repositories such as ChemSpider, DrugBank, Chembl, ChEBI, Engage, UniProt, and PubChem. This integration will ensure the inclusion of up-to-date and comprehensive data on each chronobiotic. Furthermore, the biological and pharmacological relevance of the database will be augmented through synchronization with additional resources, including the FDA. In cases of overlapping data, compound cards will highlight the unique properties of each chronobiotic, thereby providing a robust and multifaceted resource for researchers and practitioners in the field.

Introduction: For patients in intensive care units, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) seems to be a useful tool for assessing sleep quality. However, its application in the Moroccan medical context could be limited due to the lack of a dialectal Arabic version for Morocco. This study's objective was to translate and validate the RCSQ into Arabic for Moroccan speakers.

Patients and methods: For this investigation, a cross-sectional design was adopted. The RCSQ was translated and validated into Arabic for Morocco in accordance with the recommendations. For every scale, psychometric properties were computed. The Cronbach's α coefficient was utilized to evaluate the internal consistency of multi-item measures.

Results: The study involved 224 patients, whose mean age was 47 ± 18.3 years. The RCSQ's internal consistency, or Cronbach's alpha, was computed, and all dimensions showed good reliability over the 0.92 (0.894-0.983) level. The items demonstrated good reliability and validity, with correlation values larger than 0.4, according to the data.

Conclusion: The RCSQ translated into Arabic for Morocco appears to have good psychometric qualities, making it useful for assessing the quality of sleep of patients in intensive care units within Moroccan healthcare settings.

Sleep is an essential part of everyday life and disturbed sleep can produce numerous deleterious effects on the body. An especially prevalent and detrimental subset of sleep disturbances are sleep disturbances that occur in patients during the postoperative period. To better understand these disorders and how to treat them, a literature search was conducted to identify and consolidate recent advancements in this field. This narrative review discusses the structure of a typical night of sleep and the causes, effects, and treatment strategies of Postoperative Sleep Disturbances (PSDs). Factors that contribute to the development of PSDs have been identified at all stages of the surgical process, including the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative timepoints. Exposure to these factors can accumulate during each step and may decrease the quality of sleep postoperatively. The development of PSDs has been found to affect multiple systems throughout the body and can ultimately lead to poorer recovery times and increased postoperative mortality. As a result, multiple therapeutic approaches are being investigated for their role in reducing the prevalence of these disorders. This has revealed promising interventions throughout the surgical process, such as preoperative nerve blocks, intraoperative infusions, and postoperative behavioral interventions. However, despite these successful findings, work still needs to be completed to optimize these techniques and generalize intervention strategies.

Measurement of respiratory patterns during sleep plays a critical role in assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders such as sleep apnea syndrome, which is associated with many adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cognitive impairments. Traditional methods for measuring breathing often rely on expensive and complex sensors, such as polysomnography equipment, which can be cumbersome and costly and are typically confined to clinical settings. These factors limit the performance of respiratory monitoring in routine settings and prevent convenient and extensive screening. Recognizing the need for accessible and cost-effective solutions, we developed a portable sleep sensor that uses an electret condenser microphone (ECM), which is inexpensive and easy to obtain, to measure nasal airflows. Constant current circuits that bias the ECM and circuit constants suitable for measurement enable special uses of the ECM. Furthermore, data transmission through the XBee wireless communication module, which employs the ZigBee short-range wireless communication standard, enables highly portable measurements. This customized configuration allows the ECM to detect subtle changes in airflow associated with breathing patterns, enabling the monitoring of respiratory activity with minimal invasiveness and complexity. Furthermore, the wireless module not only reduces the size and weight of the device, but also facilitates continuous data collection during sleep without disturbing user comfort. This portable wireless sensor runs on batteries, providing approximately 50 h of uptime, a ±50 Pa pressure range, and 20 Hz real-time sampling. Our portable sleep sensor is a practical and efficient solution for respiratory monitoring outside of the traditional clinical setting.

In the original publication [...].

This study explored whether sleep duration, insomnia, social jetlag, and circadian preference predicted adolescents' risk of anxiety and depression two years later. High school students initially aged 16-17 years were, in 2019 and 2021, invited to a web-based survey assessing sleep patterns, insomnia, circadian preference, anxiety, and depression. Sleep duration, insomnia, circadian preference, depression, and anxiety were assessed using the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, the Bergen Insomnia Scale, the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety-Disorder 7, respectively. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression analyses. The analytic longitudinal sample comprised 1456 students (initial mean age 16.4 years; 61.4% girls). Short school night sleep duration, chronic insomnia, and more severe insomnia symptoms at baseline predicted greater risk of anxiety and depression at follow-up when controlled for anxiety and depression at baseline. Neither free night sleep duration nor social jetlag at baseline were related to the risk of anxiety and depression at follow-up. When circadian preference was investigated continuously, greater morningness at baseline predicted lower risk of anxiety and depression at follow-up. When circadian preference was investigated categorically, evening preference type was associated with higher risk of depression at follow-up than intermediate preference type, while the prospective risk of anxiety and depression otherwise did not differ in relation to circadian preference. The results attest to prospective associations between adolescent sleep problems at baseline and later risk of anxiety and depression.

This study explored the impact of lifestyle habits and sensory processing patterns on sleep quality by analyzing body movements (BMs) during the first and last 3 h of sleep in toddlers. We collected cross-sectional data about sleep-related habits from 58 toddlers using a mobile application. Actigraphy measured BMs during nighttime sleep and 1 h before bedtime, as well as sleep latency, over 8 consecutive days. The Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile was used to assess the toddlers' sensory processing patterns. The participants had a mean age of 22.0 ± 2.0 months. BMs were significantly lower during the first 3 h of sleep. Longer sleep latency was significantly associated with media use and higher activity levels before bedtime. Ending a nap earlier and consuming a substantial breakfast were correlated with lower BMs during the first 3 h of sleep. Auditory and oral sensory scores were positively correlated with BMs during the first 3 h of sleep. However, no specific factors related to lifestyle habits or sensory processing patterns were found to correlate with BMs during the last 3 h of sleep. Lifestyle habits and sensory processing patterns have a significant impact on toddlers' sleep quality, emphasizing the importance of appropriate routines and environments.