L. Korchan, V. Melnychuk, A. Zamaziy, Y. Prykhodko
Sheep breeding is one of the most promising branches of agriculture and the most important branch of animal husbandry worldwide. For the successful development of the industry mentioned above, it is necessary to increase the number of sheep and the production of livestock products. One of the aspects of this task is the effective implementation of measures to control parasitic diseases in sheep, particularly those localized in the gastrointestinal tract. The work aimed to investigate the spread of gastrointestinal parasitoses among sheep of single-person peasant farms in the Poltava region. The studies established that the average infestation of sheep by causative agents of gastrointestinal parasitoses is 39.74 %. In the studied sheep, strongylidoses of the digestive organs (extensiveness of invasion – 20.19 %), trichuriasis (18.59 %), eimeriosis (18.27 %), monieziosis (6.73 %), strongyloidosis (6.73 %) and dicrocoeliosis (1.92 %). In 32.26 % of the studied animals, the invasions occurred in monoinvasions, and in 67.74 % – in the form of mixinvasions. Among the monoinvasions, dicrocoeliosic (10 % of monoinvasions), monieziosic (22.5 %), strongyloidosic (40 %), and eimeriosic (27.5 %) were recorded. A total of 10 types of mixinvasions were detected in sheep, where two-component associations of gastrointestinal parasites were most often registered (78.57 % of mixinvasions), and three-component associations of parasites were less frequently diagnosed (21.43 %). Among the two-component mixinvasions, strongyloidosic- eimeriosic and trichuriasic- strongyloidosic were most often diagnosed, where the indicators of the extensiveness of invasions were 5.77 and 5.13 %, respectively. Three-component mixinvasions were represented by an association of trichurises, strongylides of digestive organs and eimeries (3.21 %), trichurises, strongyloideses and eimeries (1.60 %) and moniezies, trichurises, and strongylides of digestive organs (0.96 %). The research results on the spread of gastrointestinal parasitoses in sheep will allow for taking into account the peculiarities of the course of mixinvasions and the composition of their co-members when carrying out treatment and preventive measures in single-person peasant farms of the studied region.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal parasitosis of sheep on farms of the Poltava region","authors":"L. Korchan, V. Melnychuk, A. Zamaziy, Y. Prykhodko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10913","url":null,"abstract":"Sheep breeding is one of the most promising branches of agriculture and the most important branch of animal husbandry worldwide. For the successful development of the industry mentioned above, it is necessary to increase the number of sheep and the production of livestock products. One of the aspects of this task is the effective implementation of measures to control parasitic diseases in sheep, particularly those localized in the gastrointestinal tract. The work aimed to investigate the spread of gastrointestinal parasitoses among sheep of single-person peasant farms in the Poltava region. The studies established that the average infestation of sheep by causative agents of gastrointestinal parasitoses is 39.74 %. In the studied sheep, strongylidoses of the digestive organs (extensiveness of invasion – 20.19 %), trichuriasis (18.59 %), eimeriosis (18.27 %), monieziosis (6.73 %), strongyloidosis (6.73 %) and dicrocoeliosis (1.92 %). In 32.26 % of the studied animals, the invasions occurred in monoinvasions, and in 67.74 % – in the form of mixinvasions. Among the monoinvasions, dicrocoeliosic (10 % of monoinvasions), monieziosic (22.5 %), strongyloidosic (40 %), and eimeriosic (27.5 %) were recorded. A total of 10 types of mixinvasions were detected in sheep, where two-component associations of gastrointestinal parasites were most often registered (78.57 % of mixinvasions), and three-component associations of parasites were less frequently diagnosed (21.43 %). Among the two-component mixinvasions, strongyloidosic- eimeriosic and trichuriasic- strongyloidosic were most often diagnosed, where the indicators of the extensiveness of invasions were 5.77 and 5.13 %, respectively. Three-component mixinvasions were represented by an association of trichurises, strongylides of digestive organs and eimeries (3.21 %), trichurises, strongyloideses and eimeries (1.60 %) and moniezies, trichurises, and strongylides of digestive organs (0.96 %). The research results on the spread of gastrointestinal parasitoses in sheep will allow for taking into account the peculiarities of the course of mixinvasions and the composition of their co-members when carrying out treatment and preventive measures in single-person peasant farms of the studied region.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43586038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Romanishina, S. Guralska, T. Kot, S. Tkachuk, S. Furman, V. Behas, Z. Rybachuk
The important role of honey bees has been known for a long time, as the successful work of Apis mellifera helps to maintain natural biogeocenoses and provides humanity with food and medicinal production. The massive loss of honeybee colonies in the southern and eastern border regions of Ukraine is putting a strain on beekeeping production in the north-western regions of Ukraine. To intensify apiaries, there is a need for systematic and regular monitoring research. Epizootic monitoring provides data on the health of honey bees in a specific geographical region that can be scientifically substantiated. To analyse the epizootic situation with contagious bee diseases in the Rivne region in 2017–2022, we used official data from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection in the Rivne region. In addition to epizootic monitoring, the aim of our study was to identify the most common bee diseases in this region. The analysis of the results shows that diagnostic tests for varroosis and nosema, acarapidosis, American and European foulbroods, and amoebiasis are planned and carried out systematically. From 2017 to 2021, the number of diagnostic tests for bacterial diseases of bees was increased. At the same time, in 2022, the activity of such research decreased by 6.4% in comparison to 2021. A different pattern was registered for parasitic diseases of bees. For example, there was an increase in the number of such studies from 2019 (1678 studies) to 2022 (3184 studies). It was found that the Rivne region has been safe from American and European foulbroods, acarapidosis, braulosis and amoebiasis for the last 6 years. Varoosis and nosema are registered annually in 2017–2022, with the infection rate for these diseases set at 11.06 % (2020) – 14.82 % (2022), respectively. This data is likely to indicate a change in the economic situation of beekeepers, which makes it impossible to prevent hives from being treated for certain diseases in a timely manner. Thus, the analysis of laboratory tests for contagious diseases of bees helps to detail the epizootic state of a particular region, which allows to determine the direction for veterinary and sanitary measures for a specific apiary.
{"title":"Epizootic monitoring of contagious diseases of bees in Rivne region for the period of 2018–2022","authors":"T. Romanishina, S. Guralska, T. Kot, S. Tkachuk, S. Furman, V. Behas, Z. Rybachuk","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10916","url":null,"abstract":"The important role of honey bees has been known for a long time, as the successful work of Apis mellifera helps to maintain natural biogeocenoses and provides humanity with food and medicinal production. The massive loss of honeybee colonies in the southern and eastern border regions of Ukraine is putting a strain on beekeeping production in the north-western regions of Ukraine. To intensify apiaries, there is a need for systematic and regular monitoring research. Epizootic monitoring provides data on the health of honey bees in a specific geographical region that can be scientifically substantiated. To analyse the epizootic situation with contagious bee diseases in the Rivne region in 2017–2022, we used official data from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection in the Rivne region. In addition to epizootic monitoring, the aim of our study was to identify the most common bee diseases in this region. The analysis of the results shows that diagnostic tests for varroosis and nosema, acarapidosis, American and European foulbroods, and amoebiasis are planned and carried out systematically. From 2017 to 2021, the number of diagnostic tests for bacterial diseases of bees was increased. At the same time, in 2022, the activity of such research decreased by 6.4% in comparison to 2021. A different pattern was registered for parasitic diseases of bees. For example, there was an increase in the number of such studies from 2019 (1678 studies) to 2022 (3184 studies). It was found that the Rivne region has been safe from American and European foulbroods, acarapidosis, braulosis and amoebiasis for the last 6 years. Varoosis and nosema are registered annually in 2017–2022, with the infection rate for these diseases set at 11.06 % (2020) – 14.82 % (2022), respectively. This data is likely to indicate a change in the economic situation of beekeepers, which makes it impossible to prevent hives from being treated for certain diseases in a timely manner. Thus, the analysis of laboratory tests for contagious diseases of bees helps to detail the epizootic state of a particular region, which allows to determine the direction for veterinary and sanitary measures for a specific apiary.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49256863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of the metabolism in the body of cows, depending on the physiological state, factors of feeding and the conditions of content in different seasons of the year, is a necessary condition for the direct effect on their reproductive capacity and productivity. In particular, the scientific and practical interest is the disclosure of physiological and biochemical mechanisms, which are associated with the characteristics of metabolism in the body of cows during pregnancy. The purpose of the research was to study the features of protein metabolism in highly productive deep-calving cows in different seasons of the year. The object for the study is served cows with milk production of 5–6 thousand kg for lactation at 8–9 months of pregnancy and blood samples taken from them. Biochemical study of cows blood plasma was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The recorded seasonal changes in protein exchange of deep-calving cows (Table) were cyclic. In contrast to the total protein content, seasonal differences in its fractional composition were also detected. The dynamics of the change in protein ratio is similar to that of albumin. During the summer, the content of a-globulins increased by 20.1 %, b-globulins by 17.3 %, g-globulins per 20.5 % compared with the spring period. In dry-bodied cows, the activity of ALT and AST in winter increases, reaching its maximum value but in the summer activity of ALT significantly decreased, and its activity was even less than the physiological limits. ACT activity was the lowest in the autumn. Determined that seasonal changes in the protein metabolism of dry cows were cyclic character. A decrease in the content of globulins (due to a-, b- and g-globulins) was observed during the winter period compared to the summer period. This characterizes the high activity of protein metabolism in the summer with the decline in winter. In dry cows, the albumin content and protein ratio reached a maximum in winter with a significant decrease in spring and summer, and in the autumn they again started to rise. The degree and direction of changes in ALT and AST activity were similar to seasonal changes in albumin content. This indicates a low intensity of protein-synthesizing processes in the liver in summer.
{"title":"Seasons dynamics of biochemical parameters of blood of cows during the dry period","authors":"L. Koreyba, Y. Duda, N. Suslova","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10917","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the metabolism in the body of cows, depending on the physiological state, factors of feeding and the conditions of content in different seasons of the year, is a necessary condition for the direct effect on their reproductive capacity and productivity. In particular, the scientific and practical interest is the disclosure of physiological and biochemical mechanisms, which are associated with the characteristics of metabolism in the body of cows during pregnancy. The purpose of the research was to study the features of protein metabolism in highly productive deep-calving cows in different seasons of the year. The object for the study is served cows with milk production of 5–6 thousand kg for lactation at 8–9 months of pregnancy and blood samples taken from them. Biochemical study of cows blood plasma was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The recorded seasonal changes in protein exchange of deep-calving cows (Table) were cyclic. In contrast to the total protein content, seasonal differences in its fractional composition were also detected. The dynamics of the change in protein ratio is similar to that of albumin. During the summer, the content of a-globulins increased by 20.1 %, b-globulins by 17.3 %, g-globulins per 20.5 % compared with the spring period. In dry-bodied cows, the activity of ALT and AST in winter increases, reaching its maximum value but in the summer activity of ALT significantly decreased, and its activity was even less than the physiological limits. ACT activity was the lowest in the autumn. Determined that seasonal changes in the protein metabolism of dry cows were cyclic character. A decrease in the content of globulins (due to a-, b- and g-globulins) was observed during the winter period compared to the summer period. This characterizes the high activity of protein metabolism in the summer with the decline in winter. In dry cows, the albumin content and protein ratio reached a maximum in winter with a significant decrease in spring and summer, and in the autumn they again started to rise. The degree and direction of changes in ALT and AST activity were similar to seasonal changes in albumin content. This indicates a low intensity of protein-synthesizing processes in the liver in summer.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48998182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formation of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms in veterinary medicine clinics is considered a severe problem not only for veterinary medicine but also for the public because the circulating microflora contaminates the clinic's environment and the veterinary staff, patients' animals, their owners, and their homes. The work aimed to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from bioaerosol and the surfaces of boxes for keeping animals in veterinary clinics to antimicrobial drugs. Collection of washings from the inner surfaces of the boxes was carried out with the help of disposable sterile tampons of industrial production with an average area of 100 cm2. Identification of isolated microorganisms was carried out according to morphological, cultural, biochemical properties, and signs of pathogenicity, which are described in Bergey's identifier of bacteria. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was performed on the Muller-Hinton medium according to the classical Bauer-Kirbi disco-diffusion method. It was established that gram-positive bacteria isolated from bioaerosol and the surface of boxes for keeping sick animals in veterinary clinics were sensitive in 66.7–100 % of cases to antibiotics used in these clinics. At the same time, the high bactericidal activity of antimicrobial drugs of the groups: cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and nitrofurans was found. Since the sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumani, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was from 80 to 100 % of the cultures tested. In addition, antibiotics of the penicillin series, macrolides, and azalides, practically did not act on these bacteria because they naturally resisted them. Therefore, to effectively use antimicrobial drugs to treat chronic infections, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the isolated microflora. Therefore, based on the study results, it can be concluded that in veterinary clinics, bioaerosols, and equipment, the pathogens of nosocomial infections of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs may circulate, provided that antibiotics are prescribed without determining their sensitivity to antibiotics.
{"title":"Sensitivity of microbiota of bioaerosol and surfaces of boxes for holding animals in veterinary clinics to antimicrobial drugs","authors":"M. Mocherniuk, M. Kukhtyn, Y. Horiuk","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10909","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms in veterinary medicine clinics is considered a severe problem not only for veterinary medicine but also for the public because the circulating microflora contaminates the clinic's environment and the veterinary staff, patients' animals, their owners, and their homes. The work aimed to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from bioaerosol and the surfaces of boxes for keeping animals in veterinary clinics to antimicrobial drugs. Collection of washings from the inner surfaces of the boxes was carried out with the help of disposable sterile tampons of industrial production with an average area of 100 cm2. Identification of isolated microorganisms was carried out according to morphological, cultural, biochemical properties, and signs of pathogenicity, which are described in Bergey's identifier of bacteria. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was performed on the Muller-Hinton medium according to the classical Bauer-Kirbi disco-diffusion method. It was established that gram-positive bacteria isolated from bioaerosol and the surface of boxes for keeping sick animals in veterinary clinics were sensitive in 66.7–100 % of cases to antibiotics used in these clinics. At the same time, the high bactericidal activity of antimicrobial drugs of the groups: cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and nitrofurans was found. Since the sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumani, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was from 80 to 100 % of the cultures tested. In addition, antibiotics of the penicillin series, macrolides, and azalides, practically did not act on these bacteria because they naturally resisted them. Therefore, to effectively use antimicrobial drugs to treat chronic infections, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the isolated microflora. Therefore, based on the study results, it can be concluded that in veterinary clinics, bioaerosols, and equipment, the pathogens of nosocomial infections of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs may circulate, provided that antibiotics are prescribed without determining their sensitivity to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47192166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since bitches are monoestrous animals, their sexual cycle occurs much less often than other domestic animals, and their reproductive capacity is potentially less. That is why manipulations with the sexual cycle of bitches and their correction are gaining more and more interest. Estrus induction is essential to commercial breeding owners for several reasons. Understanding the processes that occur during each stage of the sexual cycle, it can be safely manipulated. There are many methods for stimulating estrus, but not all of them have found their practical application. The implant Suprelorin (4.7 mg Deslorelin), which is primarily registered for the pharmacological castration of dogs and cats, has also found its use for the induction of estrus in bitches, since at the beginning of its activities, it stimulates the secretion of gonadotropin (GnRH), which triggers the synthesis of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing pituitary hormones. This initial mechanism of action of Deslorelin implants is known as the flash effect and causes heat in almost 100 % of bitches. Despite numerous publications on the use of the implant, its impact is still being investigated. The article presents changes in progesterone and estradiol after using the Suprelorin implant for estrus induction and compares the course of an induced sexual cycle with a spontaneous one. The study was conducted on 13 sexually mature bitches, 7 of them received the Suprelorin implant no earlier than 150 days after the last estrus, and 6 of them were bitches with spontaneous estrus, which were included in the control group. The implant was removed at the beginning of estrus when the progesterone level increased above 3 ng/ml. In 6/7 females, this day fell on the 10th day after the implant was inserted, and in 1/7 – on the 9th. Ovulation occurred two days after the LH peak in all bitches from the experimental group, which corresponded to the 12th day in 6/7 bitches and the 11th day in 1/7 bitches from the introduction of the implant. The estradiol peak in the control group was observed faster than in the experimental group. It occurred on average on the 8th day (mediam 8 (7–9)) from the beginning of estrus, in one bitch on the 7th day, in three - on the 8th, and in two – on the 9th day, respectively. In the experimental group, the estradiol peak occurred on the 9th day after the implant (mediam 9 (8–9), in two bitches on the 8th, and five – on the 9th. But the obtained results indicate that in most bitches of the research group, the estradiol peak occurred one day before the LH peak (5/7) and only in 2/7 two days before the LH peak, which is typical for spontaneous estrus, so despite, that,, the peak of estradiol in the experimental group was observed later than in the control group, and ovulation itself occurred faster. Quantitatively, the level of sex hormones was higher in the experimental group, and the sexual cycle was more predictable.
{"title":"Changes in serum progesteron and 17beta-estradiol concentration after application of Suprelorin (4,7 deslorelin acetate) implant for estrus induction in bitches","authors":"T. Holumbiiovska","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10921","url":null,"abstract":"Since bitches are monoestrous animals, their sexual cycle occurs much less often than other domestic animals, and their reproductive capacity is potentially less. That is why manipulations with the sexual cycle of bitches and their correction are gaining more and more interest. Estrus induction is essential to commercial breeding owners for several reasons. Understanding the processes that occur during each stage of the sexual cycle, it can be safely manipulated. There are many methods for stimulating estrus, but not all of them have found their practical application. The implant Suprelorin (4.7 mg Deslorelin), which is primarily registered for the pharmacological castration of dogs and cats, has also found its use for the induction of estrus in bitches, since at the beginning of its activities, it stimulates the secretion of gonadotropin (GnRH), which triggers the synthesis of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing pituitary hormones. This initial mechanism of action of Deslorelin implants is known as the flash effect and causes heat in almost 100 % of bitches. Despite numerous publications on the use of the implant, its impact is still being investigated. The article presents changes in progesterone and estradiol after using the Suprelorin implant for estrus induction and compares the course of an induced sexual cycle with a spontaneous one. The study was conducted on 13 sexually mature bitches, 7 of them received the Suprelorin implant no earlier than 150 days after the last estrus, and 6 of them were bitches with spontaneous estrus, which were included in the control group. The implant was removed at the beginning of estrus when the progesterone level increased above 3 ng/ml. In 6/7 females, this day fell on the 10th day after the implant was inserted, and in 1/7 – on the 9th. Ovulation occurred two days after the LH peak in all bitches from the experimental group, which corresponded to the 12th day in 6/7 bitches and the 11th day in 1/7 bitches from the introduction of the implant. The estradiol peak in the control group was observed faster than in the experimental group. It occurred on average on the 8th day (mediam 8 (7–9)) from the beginning of estrus, in one bitch on the 7th day, in three - on the 8th, and in two – on the 9th day, respectively. In the experimental group, the estradiol peak occurred on the 9th day after the implant (mediam 9 (8–9), in two bitches on the 8th, and five – on the 9th. But the obtained results indicate that in most bitches of the research group, the estradiol peak occurred one day before the LH peak (5/7) and only in 2/7 two days before the LH peak, which is typical for spontaneous estrus, so despite, that,, the peak of estradiol in the experimental group was observed later than in the control group, and ovulation itself occurred faster. Quantitatively, the level of sex hormones was higher in the experimental group, and the sexual cycle was more predictable.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48059103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article reveals the importance of self-management - one of the most important elements of successful organization and management of modern organizations. The main approaches to the definition of self-management by foreign and Ukrainian scientists were studied. We believe that self-management is the use of effective work methods, using resources to achieve goals. Today, a manager is one of the most sought-after professions, which is characterized by professional knowledge of the field of activity and the availability of certain knowledge. The manager's work is useful and meaningful when he has business qualities. A manager must master the science and art of self-management, master the techniques of self-management. The need for self-management in modern conditions as a means of efficiency in achieving the manager's goals is substantiated. For this purpose, the tasks of self-management are defined, which are effective management of one's own life and work activities, successful overcoming of problems, establishing communications with management and colleagues, as well as influencing the work behavior of employees. The relevance of self-management for the professional success of a manager is proven. In modern conditions, the activity of a manager is effective if it takes place in conditions of application of all elements of self-management: self-governance, self-development, self-control, self-realization, self-analysis, time planning, realization of goals. The role of all elements of self-management in the development of a manager's creative potential is revealed. Thanks to self-management, the manager can realize his abilities, improve himself, thereby contributing to the development of the enterprise and society. The cited studies show that self-management can be applied by managers of any organizations that have problems in life, activity, career development, defining fields of knowledge, contribute to their solution. The theoretical and methodological developments presented in the article are aimed at mastering the technology of self-management by managers, which will allow them to develop, reveal their potential, their opportunities, and become a professional in their field.
{"title":"Self-management is one of the factors of the professional success of a manager","authors":"I. Ahieieva, S. Plotnichenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10009","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the importance of self-management - one of the most important elements of successful organization and management of modern organizations. The main approaches to the definition of self-management by foreign and Ukrainian scientists were studied. We believe that self-management is the use of effective work methods, using resources to achieve goals. Today, a manager is one of the most sought-after professions, which is characterized by professional knowledge of the field of activity and the availability of certain knowledge. The manager's work is useful and meaningful when he has business qualities. A manager must master the science and art of self-management, master the techniques of self-management. The need for self-management in modern conditions as a means of efficiency in achieving the manager's goals is substantiated. For this purpose, the tasks of self-management are defined, which are effective management of one's own life and work activities, successful overcoming of problems, establishing communications with management and colleagues, as well as influencing the work behavior of employees. The relevance of self-management for the professional success of a manager is proven. In modern conditions, the activity of a manager is effective if it takes place in conditions of application of all elements of self-management: self-governance, self-development, self-control, self-realization, self-analysis, time planning, realization of goals. The role of all elements of self-management in the development of a manager's creative potential is revealed. Thanks to self-management, the manager can realize his abilities, improve himself, thereby contributing to the development of the enterprise and society. The cited studies show that self-management can be applied by managers of any organizations that have problems in life, activity, career development, defining fields of knowledge, contribute to their solution. The theoretical and methodological developments presented in the article are aimed at mastering the technology of self-management by managers, which will allow them to develop, reveal their potential, their opportunities, and become a professional in their field.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41247754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studying the problems of increasing the competitiveness of domestic agricultural enterprises remains relevant. Ensuring the functioning of the domestic agricultural sector against the background of globalization processes in the food market is possible under constant improvement of the organizational and economic conditions of the functioning of farming enterprises. The article presents the results of the study of selected indicators that characterize the efficiency of the use of natural resources by agricultural producers, and the grouping of enterprises according to the size of the harvested area of the main crops is carried out. During the research, it was established that the most efficient use of the land resource was by enterprises with an area of 500 to 3,000 or more thousand hectares. These farms have a high yield, which exceeds the statistical average by 15 %. Large farms have more investment resources and the ability to improve administration processes, use technical support, apply advanced technologies, and, as a result, gain competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets. The factors that shape the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises have been determined, and a comparison of the management level of domestic agrarian enterprises with foreign competitors has been made. The factors that need to be considered to achieve the most significant economic indicators from the agricultural activity are given. Since the primary determinant of the economic efficiency of the state is its competitiveness in foreign markets, the results of the conducted research are aimed at improving and increasing the level of use of the existing natural resource potential, which is at the disposal of domestic agricultural producers.
{"title":"Competitiveness of Ukrainian agriculture on foreign markets and ways to increase it","authors":"R. Grabovsky, O. Dadak, M. Dorosh-Kizym","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10003","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the problems of increasing the competitiveness of domestic agricultural enterprises remains relevant. Ensuring the functioning of the domestic agricultural sector against the background of globalization processes in the food market is possible under constant improvement of the organizational and economic conditions of the functioning of farming enterprises. The article presents the results of the study of selected indicators that characterize the efficiency of the use of natural resources by agricultural producers, and the grouping of enterprises according to the size of the harvested area of the main crops is carried out. During the research, it was established that the most efficient use of the land resource was by enterprises with an area of 500 to 3,000 or more thousand hectares. These farms have a high yield, which exceeds the statistical average by 15 %. Large farms have more investment resources and the ability to improve administration processes, use technical support, apply advanced technologies, and, as a result, gain competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets. The factors that shape the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises have been determined, and a comparison of the management level of domestic agrarian enterprises with foreign competitors has been made. The factors that need to be considered to achieve the most significant economic indicators from the agricultural activity are given. Since the primary determinant of the economic efficiency of the state is its competitiveness in foreign markets, the results of the conducted research are aimed at improving and increasing the level of use of the existing natural resource potential, which is at the disposal of domestic agricultural producers.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48446629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article reveals the woodworking industry as a component of the wood processing complex and a perspective export-oriented sector of the Ukrainian economy. The purpose of the research is to identify the main trends and results of the development of the woodworking industry in the Ukraine regions in the pre-war period, to identify problems and to substantiate possible ways of solving them in the post-war period. The role and importance of the woodworking industry in the formation of the country's GDP was studied. The prerequisites for the formation and formation of the woodworking industry in Ukraine are characterized, namely, the level of forest cover in the country is analyzed, which directly affects the provision of raw materials for enterprises in the industry. Regional differences in natural conditions are determined, which is the reason for significant interregional differentiation of the development of the woodworking sector. The amount of produced forest products in the regions of Ukraine in the pre-war period was analyzed. It has been proven that the lack of raw materials remains a problem for the woodworking industry. It has been established that the forestry of Ukraine is characterized by a relatively low level of forest cover in the country, significant regional differentiation of forests, and a high proportion of ecologically significant forests; individual forests are provided for permanent use by enterprises; a significant area of forests grows in the zone of radioactive contamination; half of Ukraine's forests are artificially created and require increased care. It has been found that there is a dynamic and constantly growing demand for woodworking products. This attracts capital to the industry, increasing competition, which was quite high in the market for wood and wood products in Ukraine before the war. The woodworking industry market of Ukraine meets the conditions of effective competition, where small enterprises prevail. It was established that about 40% of the products of the woodworking industry are sold abroad. The most promising areas of industry are the manufacture of wood products, its processing and furniture production. Sawmill and planing production are the most export-oriented. At the same time, it was found that Ukraine will continue to be an exporter of mainly raw materials and products with a low share of added value. This reduces the efficiency of export activities and additionally creates pressure on the development of enterprises with a complex production cycle, increasing the shortage of wood raw materials. The article describes the current state and problems of the development of the woodworking industry during the war. The main directions of restoration of the woodworking sector of Ukraine in the post-war period are outlined.
{"title":"Peculiarities of the woodworking industry development in Ukraine and its regions","authors":"O. Nevar","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10006","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the woodworking industry as a component of the wood processing complex and a perspective export-oriented sector of the Ukrainian economy. The purpose of the research is to identify the main trends and results of the development of the woodworking industry in the Ukraine regions in the pre-war period, to identify problems and to substantiate possible ways of solving them in the post-war period. The role and importance of the woodworking industry in the formation of the country's GDP was studied. The prerequisites for the formation and formation of the woodworking industry in Ukraine are characterized, namely, the level of forest cover in the country is analyzed, which directly affects the provision of raw materials for enterprises in the industry. Regional differences in natural conditions are determined, which is the reason for significant interregional differentiation of the development of the woodworking sector. The amount of produced forest products in the regions of Ukraine in the pre-war period was analyzed. It has been proven that the lack of raw materials remains a problem for the woodworking industry. It has been established that the forestry of Ukraine is characterized by a relatively low level of forest cover in the country, significant regional differentiation of forests, and a high proportion of ecologically significant forests; individual forests are provided for permanent use by enterprises; a significant area of forests grows in the zone of radioactive contamination; half of Ukraine's forests are artificially created and require increased care. It has been found that there is a dynamic and constantly growing demand for woodworking products. This attracts capital to the industry, increasing competition, which was quite high in the market for wood and wood products in Ukraine before the war. The woodworking industry market of Ukraine meets the conditions of effective competition, where small enterprises prevail. It was established that about 40% of the products of the woodworking industry are sold abroad. The most promising areas of industry are the manufacture of wood products, its processing and furniture production. Sawmill and planing production are the most export-oriented. At the same time, it was found that Ukraine will continue to be an exporter of mainly raw materials and products with a low share of added value. This reduces the efficiency of export activities and additionally creates pressure on the development of enterprises with a complex production cycle, increasing the shortage of wood raw materials. The article describes the current state and problems of the development of the woodworking industry during the war. The main directions of restoration of the woodworking sector of Ukraine in the post-war period are outlined.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47033208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the war in Ukraine, all sectors of the economy suffered in one way or another. At the same time, the IT industry remains the most stable sector, which brings a large share of taxes to the budget and thus supports the economy of our country. It is this industry that receives large orders from foreign customers, attracts investors, including large corporations. Any business that is barely born or exists only at the level of an idea and the first organizational steps, provided the necessary expert and financial support, can very soon show dizzying results. Especially if it is an innovative project in the field of IT technologies, marketing, telecommunications, electronic commerce, biotechnology. This is where business incubators come from, which provide support (office, consulting, investment) to startups at all stages from development to commercialization of an idea in exchange for a share in future profits. Perfection has no limits. Innovators take pride in implementing complex solutions, they like to overcome difficulties and use advanced technologies. But, every new project has its price. After all, every strategic decision must be well justified from the business side. Otherwise, it can lead to unplanned costs and release delays. Over the past decade, the Ukrainian startup ecosystem has grown significantly and “grown up”, which has enabled Ukraine to be stable in the technological field in the face of today's challenges. E-commerce, social media, 3D printing, mobile applications – it's no secret that the wealthiest investors willingly invest in these industries. But there are less obvious areas that attract more and more capital every year. Despite the large-scale military actions in Ukraine, European investors are still interested in Ukrainian startups. The secret lies in the mentality of Ukrainians: hard work, dedication and the ability to concentrate under any circumstances. The war changed not only the agenda, but also perspectives. It is the investments that drive Ukraine's recovery and development. Today, the Ministry of Digital Transformation is busy attracting investments for the development of the startup ecosystem, digitalizing Ukraine by introducing innovations on the Diya platform and legalizing the crypto sector. All this is necessary to accelerate the economic recovery of the country already now, without waiting for victory in the war.
{"title":"Business-startups in Ukraine: current state and development prospects","authors":"M. Dorosh-Kizym, M. Dorosh","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10001","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the war in Ukraine, all sectors of the economy suffered in one way or another. At the same time, the IT industry remains the most stable sector, which brings a large share of taxes to the budget and thus supports the economy of our country. It is this industry that receives large orders from foreign customers, attracts investors, including large corporations. Any business that is barely born or exists only at the level of an idea and the first organizational steps, provided the necessary expert and financial support, can very soon show dizzying results. Especially if it is an innovative project in the field of IT technologies, marketing, telecommunications, electronic commerce, biotechnology. This is where business incubators come from, which provide support (office, consulting, investment) to startups at all stages from development to commercialization of an idea in exchange for a share in future profits. Perfection has no limits. Innovators take pride in implementing complex solutions, they like to overcome difficulties and use advanced technologies. But, every new project has its price. After all, every strategic decision must be well justified from the business side. Otherwise, it can lead to unplanned costs and release delays. Over the past decade, the Ukrainian startup ecosystem has grown significantly and “grown up”, which has enabled Ukraine to be stable in the technological field in the face of today's challenges. E-commerce, social media, 3D printing, mobile applications – it's no secret that the wealthiest investors willingly invest in these industries. But there are less obvious areas that attract more and more capital every year. Despite the large-scale military actions in Ukraine, European investors are still interested in Ukrainian startups. The secret lies in the mentality of Ukrainians: hard work, dedication and the ability to concentrate under any circumstances. The war changed not only the agenda, but also perspectives. It is the investments that drive Ukraine's recovery and development. Today, the Ministry of Digital Transformation is busy attracting investments for the development of the startup ecosystem, digitalizing Ukraine by introducing innovations on the Diya platform and legalizing the crypto sector. All this is necessary to accelerate the economic recovery of the country already now, without waiting for victory in the war.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46655619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article substantiates the organizational and economic principles and develops a mechanism for managing the costs of agricultural enterprises in order to increase the competitiveness of the economic activity of agricultural producers. It was determined that the priority for achieving sustainable development of the national economy is to increase the volume of production of high-quality agricultural products and reduce the costs of their cultivation. It is substantiated that cost management is a dynamic process that includes management actions aimed at increasing the profit of agricultural producers, increasing labor productivity, and ensuring competitiveness in external and internal agricultural markets. It is substantiated that the purpose of applying cost management is to optimize the financial resources of the agricultural enterprise and increase the efficiency of their use by reducing the cost price, increasing profit and profitability. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the organization of agricultural production and its impact on the specifics of cost management in the agricultural sector. It has been proven that the implementation of the cost management mechanism of agricultural enterprises involves the introduction of special tools, forms, and methods that will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of agricultural products; increasing the volume of gross production; rational use, protection and reproduction of natural resources. Attention is focused on the fact that an integrated approach to the use of the entire set of tools and methods of the organizational and economic mechanism of cost management of an agricultural enterprise, taking into account their mutual influence in compliance with management functions (planning, organization, motivation, control, regulation) will make it possible to obtain a synergistic effect from their application. The prospects of the conducted studies are that they can be used in the process of substantiation and decision-making regarding the evaluation of the efficiency of cost management of agricultural enterprises, which will contribute to the development of directions for reducing costs.
{"title":"Organizational and economic principles of cost management of agricultural enterprises","authors":"N. Khomiuk, O. Bilous, O. O. Gural","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10002","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the organizational and economic principles and develops a mechanism for managing the costs of agricultural enterprises in order to increase the competitiveness of the economic activity of agricultural producers. It was determined that the priority for achieving sustainable development of the national economy is to increase the volume of production of high-quality agricultural products and reduce the costs of their cultivation. It is substantiated that cost management is a dynamic process that includes management actions aimed at increasing the profit of agricultural producers, increasing labor productivity, and ensuring competitiveness in external and internal agricultural markets. It is substantiated that the purpose of applying cost management is to optimize the financial resources of the agricultural enterprise and increase the efficiency of their use by reducing the cost price, increasing profit and profitability. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the organization of agricultural production and its impact on the specifics of cost management in the agricultural sector. It has been proven that the implementation of the cost management mechanism of agricultural enterprises involves the introduction of special tools, forms, and methods that will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of agricultural products; increasing the volume of gross production; rational use, protection and reproduction of natural resources. Attention is focused on the fact that an integrated approach to the use of the entire set of tools and methods of the organizational and economic mechanism of cost management of an agricultural enterprise, taking into account their mutual influence in compliance with management functions (planning, organization, motivation, control, regulation) will make it possible to obtain a synergistic effect from their application. The prospects of the conducted studies are that they can be used in the process of substantiation and decision-making regarding the evaluation of the efficiency of cost management of agricultural enterprises, which will contribute to the development of directions for reducing costs.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49636791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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