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Features of Surgical Treatment of Patients with Splenic Artery Aneurysms (Case Report and Literature Review) 脾动脉瘤的手术治疗特点(附1例报告及文献复习)
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/oo055-8893
Y. Orel, H. Y. Orel, Yuriy Z. Khorkavyi, Oleg M. Slabyy
Despite the insigniϐicant prevalence, aneurysms of the splenicartery take a dominant share among all visceral aneurysms with a predominance of morbidity in women of childbearing age. Taking into account the mostly asymptomatic course and the high risk of mortality due to its rupture, timely diagnosis and correct treatment strategy remain extremely important. Questions regarding the choice of surgical treatment tactics for patients with this pathology remain debatable. The aim. Demonstration of a clinical case, improvement of diagnosis andsurgical treatment of patients with splenic artery aneurysms. Clinical case. Female patient G., 32 years old, with complaints of periodic pain in the left hypochondrium, signs of portal hypertension against the background of cavernous transformationof the portal vein, history of recurrent bleeding from the esophageal veins, hypersplenism admitted with a pre-diagnosed aneurysm of the splenic artery of giant dimensions (diameter 8x5 cm). The patient was qualified for open surgery and aneurysm resection with splenectomy and spleen autotransplantation by N. Roth. The postoperative period was complicated by the occurrence of reactive pancreatitis on day 7, which was successfully treated conservatively. In the future, the course was unremarkable. The remote follow-up lasted two years, and no recurrence of the aneurysm was detected. The performed immunogram showed normal results. Conclusion. The timely diagnosis makes it possible to establish the correct diagnosis, justify the treatment tactics and prevent fatal complications. Open surgical intervention in somecases remains the method of choice in the treatment of this pathology. Autotransplantation of the spleen has shown good long-term results and can be performed in patients of this category for the prevention of immunodeficiency states.
尽管发病率很低,但脾动脉瘤在所有内脏动脉瘤中占主导地位,育龄妇女发病率较高。考虑到大多数无症状的病程和因其破裂而死亡的高风险,及时诊断和正确的治疗策略仍然极其重要。关于这种病理患者手术治疗策略的选择问题仍然存在争议。目标。脾动脉瘤的临床病例、诊断和手术治疗的改进。临床病例。女性患者G.,32岁,主诉左疑病症周期性疼痛,门静脉海绵状变形背景下的门静脉高压症状,食管静脉反复出血史,脾功能亢进,入院时诊断为巨大脾动脉瘤(直径8x5cm)。该患者符合N.Roth的开放性手术和动脉瘤切除、脾切除和自体脾移植的条件。术后第7天发生反应性胰腺炎,使手术变得复杂,保守治疗成功。在未来,这门课程并不起眼。远程随访持续了两年,没有发现动脉瘤复发。进行的免疫印迹显示正常结果。结论及时的诊断使建立正确的诊断、合理的治疗策略和预防致命并发症成为可能。在某些情况下,开放手术干预仍然是治疗这种病理的首选方法。自体脾脏移植显示出良好的长期效果,可以在这类患者中进行,以预防免疫缺陷状态。
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引用次数: 0
Reasonable Incomplete Myocardial Revascularization in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction 慢性心力衰竭左心室射血分数降低患者的合理不完全心肌血运重建术
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/km057-2025
M. Kucheriava, G. Mankovsky
The aim. To evaluate the results of incomplete myocardial revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction based on the residual SYNTAX Score (rSS) scale. Materials and methods. This prospective observational one-center study was conducted at the Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center, Clinic for Adults and included 192 patients whounderwent coronary angiography and myocardial re-vascularization using PCI. Baseline demographic and clinical parameters, including gender, age, presence of comorbid pathology were obtained from the medical history of each patient retrospectively. The results of revascularization were evaluated over a period of 2 years (from March 2020 to March 2022). To assess the completeness of revascularization, the rSS scale was used, and coronary angiography was repeated. Results and discussion. The most significant adverse events during 24 months of follow-up, associated with the severity of coronary artery damage according to the SYNTAX scale ≥23 points, were: death from any cause with odds ratio (OR) 6.9 (95% CI, p = 0.05); myocardial infarction (MI) with OR 5.5 (95% CI, p = 0.001); the combined endpoint was OR 2.4 (95% CI, p = 0.005). Over a 2-year follow-up period,results of myocardial revascularization according to the rSS scale were evaluated the effect of coronary artery stenting with minimal residual atherosclerotic narrowing (rSS ≤8) and significant arterial lesions (rSS ≥9) on indicators such as all-cause mortality, myocardial revascularization, re-hospitalization, recurrent acute MI and stroke were analyzed. Data analysis showed statistically significant difference in all indicators in favor of the group with a score of rSS ≤8 (р <0.05). Conclusions. The rSS scale in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction after PCI is a statistically significant criterion for the impact on the combined endpoint. In addition, an rSS score ≥9 was associated with a significantly higher riskof all-cause mortality, recurrent acute MI, and recurrent revascularization. A stratified rSS score ≥9 in ischemic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% was more often observed in patients with existing comorbid pathology, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, peripheral artery disease.
目标。基于残余语法评分(rSS)量表,评估经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对缺血性心肌病和左心室射血分数降低的心力衰竭患者进行不完全心肌血运重建的结果。材料和方法。这项前瞻性观察性单中心研究在乌克兰儿童心脏中心成人诊所进行,包括192名使用PCI进行冠状动脉造影和心肌再血管化的患者。回顾性地从每位患者的病史中获得基线人口统计学和临床参数,包括性别、年龄、是否存在共病病理。在2年的时间里(从2020年3月到2022年3月)对血运重建的结果进行了评估。为了评估血运重建的完整性,使用rSS量表,并重复进行冠状动脉造影。结果和讨论。根据SYNTAX量表≥23分,随访24个月期间,与冠状动脉损伤严重程度相关的最显著不良事件为:任何原因导致的死亡,比值比(OR)6.9(95%CI,p=0.05);心肌梗死(MI)OR 5.5(95%CI,p=0.001);综合终点为OR 2.4(95%CI,p=0.005)。在2年的随访期内,根据rSS量表进行心肌血运重建的结果评估了冠状动脉支架置入术对全因死亡率、心肌血运修复、,对再次住院、复发性急性心肌梗死和脑卒中进行分析。数据分析显示,各指标差异有统计学意义,有利于rSS≤8分的组(р<0.05)。结论。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后左心室射血分数降低的冠状动脉疾病和心力衰竭患者的rSS量表是对联合终点影响的统计学显著标准。此外,rSS评分≥9与全因死亡率、复发性急性心肌梗死和复发性血运重建的风险显著升高相关。缺血性心肌病的分层rSS评分≥9,左心室射血分数≤40%,在患有高血压、糖尿病、中风、外周动脉疾病等共病的患者中更常见。
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引用次数: 1
A Case of Late Diagnosis of Anatomically Corrected Malposition of the Great Arteries 解剖矫正大动脉错位的晚期诊断1例
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/ht050-128132
Bohdan I. Hulitskyi, Tammo Raad, Hanna E. Morkovkina, Alyona V. Sydorova, A. Maksymenko, Olena V. Stohova, R. Sekelyk, Tetiana A. Yalynska
Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries (ACMGA) is a rare form of congenital heart disease. This abnormality belongs to conotruncal anomalies. ACMGA is an anomaly in which aorta arises from the left ventricle and pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle but great arteries are located in parallel relationships. Therefore, diagnosis of this disease is complicated due to frequent diagnostic errors. The aim. To share our experience of late diagnosis of ACMGA in a patientwho was previously mistakenly diagnosed with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (CC-TGA). Case report. We present a case of late diagnosis of ACMGA. An 11-day-old newborn was admitted to the Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center in 2007. After clinical examination, which included ultrasound examination, the diagnosis of CC-TGA, pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect was conϐirmed. The patient was in a stable condition and there were no signs of heart failure. That is whythe patient was discharged. In 2017, cardiac catheterization was performed, and there were doubts about the diagnosis because of untypical anatomical features. In 2022, we performed computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnosis of ACMGA was made. Conclusions. ACMGA is an unusual form of congenital heart disease. The diagnosis of ACMGA is challenging, because its anatomical features are similar to those of CC-TGA. The difference of both these diagnoses is normal anatomy and hemodynamics but abnormal relationship in ACMGA, in contrast to abnormal anatomy in CC-TGA.
解剖矫正的大动脉错位(ACMGA)是一种罕见的先天性心脏病。这种异常属于锥管异常。ACMGA是一种异常,其中主动脉从左心室产生,肺动脉从右心室产生,但大动脉位于平行关系中。因此,由于频繁的诊断错误,这种疾病的诊断是复杂的。目标。分享我们在一名先前被错误诊断为先天性矫正大动脉转位(CC-TGA)的患者中晚期诊断ACMGA的经验。病例报告。我们提出一个ACMGA的晚期诊断病例。2007年,乌克兰儿童心脏中心收治了一名11天大的新生儿。经过包括超声检查在内的临床检查,确认了CC-TGA、肺动脉狭窄、室间隔缺损和房间隔缺损的诊断。患者情况稳定,没有心力衰竭的迹象。这就是病人出院的原因。2017年,进行了心导管插入术,由于不典型的解剖特征,诊断存在疑问。2022年,我们进行了计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像。诊断为ACMGA。结论。ACMGA是一种不常见的先天性心脏病。ACMGA的诊断具有挑战性,因为其解剖特征与CC-TGA相似。这两种诊断的差异在于解剖结构和血流动力学正常,但ACMGA的异常关系与CC-TGA的异常解剖相反。
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引用次数: 0
Arrhythmias in Pregnancy. Experience of the Multidisciplinary Team 妊娠期心律失常。多学科团队的经验
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/sd063-104110
S. O. Siromakha, I. Davydova, B. Kravchuk, Valerii P. Zalevskiy, Nataliia Nakonechna, V. Lazoryshynets
Arrhythmia is the main cause of pregnancy-related hospitalizations. Potential risk of arrhythmias during pregnancy is associated with hypercoagulation and increased risk of thromboembolism. The aim. To increase patients’ safety and to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes by choosing the optimal medical strategy. Methods. We present the experience of multidisciplinary care for 54 pregnant and parturient women (32 with tachy-, 20 with bradyarrhythmia and 2 with ventricular asynchrony) who were admitted to the cardiac surgery facility from December 2013 to February 2022. Pacemakers were implanted in 15 cases of complete atrioventricular block radiofrequency ablation was performed in 12 cases. Results. There were no near misses and maternal losses in our group of patients. Two programmed perinatal losses were provided in patients with rhythm disorders and complex congenital heart defects. Type and place of delivery were chosen by the multidisciplinary team. There were nine childbirths at a specialized cardiac surgery clinic. There were no perinatal losses among patients who underwent rhythm interventions. In our group of patients, electrical cardioversion was performed in three cases, the pregnancies ended successfully with the birth of healthy newborns. Conclusions. Arrhythmias in all trimesters of pregnancy and the postpartum period are a common reason for seeking medical attention and hospitalization during pregnancy.Most of the arrhythmias are hemodynamically insignificant and don’t require hospitalization. Maternal risk stratification of major cardiac events during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period is the cornerstone for choosing a strategy of medical care for pregnant women with arrhythmias. Patients with hemodynamic manifestations of tachy- and bradyarrhythmias, as well as patients with life-threatening types of rhythm disturbances are in the focus of attention of pregnancy heart team. Preconceptional management of patients with life threating arrhythmias is the best type of care in these patients. Pregnancy and delivery in high-risk class patients should be managed in an experienced center with on-site interventional electrophysiology techniques. Rhythm interventions have extremely limited indications and can be conducted when less invasive treatment strategy is unsuccessful.
心律失常是导致妊娠相关住院的主要原因。妊娠期心律失常的潜在风险与高凝状态和血栓栓塞风险增加有关。目标。通过选择最佳医疗策略,提高患者的安全性,改善孕产妇和围产期的预后。方法。我们介绍了2013年12月至2022年2月入住心脏外科的54名孕妇和产妇(32名患有快速性心律失常,20名患有缓慢性心律失常和2名患有心室不同步)的多学科护理经验。起搏器植入15例完全性房室传导阻滞,射频消融术12例。后果在我们的患者组中没有发生未遂事件和产妇死亡。在心律失常和复杂先天性心脏缺陷患者中提供了两个程序性围产期损失。交货类型和地点由多学科小组选定。在一家专门的心脏外科诊所,有9名婴儿出生。在接受节律干预的患者中没有围产期损失。在我们的患者组中,有三例患者进行了电复律,妊娠成功结束,生下了健康的新生儿。结论。妊娠期和产后的心律失常是妊娠期间寻求医疗护理和住院治疗的常见原因。大多数心律失常在血液动力学上是不重要的,不需要住院治疗。妊娠、分娩和产后期间主要心脏事件的母亲风险分层是选择心律失常孕妇医疗护理策略的基石。有快速和缓慢心律失常血液动力学表现的患者,以及有危及生命的心律失常类型的患者是妊娠心脏团队关注的焦点。对这些患者进行危及生命的心律失常患者的预处理是最好的护理类型。高危级别患者的妊娠和分娩应在经验丰富的中心使用现场介入电生理技术进行管理。节律干预的适应症极其有限,可以在微创治疗策略不成功时进行。
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引用次数: 0
Results of Using Various Conduction System Pacing Options in Patients with Bradyarrhythmia 慢性心律失常患者使用不同传导系统起搏方案的结果
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/pk064-94103
E. O. Perepeka, B. Kravchuk
Chronic right ventricular myocardial pacing causes an asynchronous pattern of left ventricular activation, reduces left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and may be associated with worsening of clinical outcomes in the long term. Although with the emergence of algorithms that minimize ventricular pacing it became possible to reduce the percentage of paced complexes in patients with sinus node dysfunction, permanent ventricular pacing is still inevitable in patients with high-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. The use of permanent conduction system pacing is a promising method for preserving the physiological activation of the ventricular myocardium and preventing the development of heart failure due to ventricular dyssynchrony. The aim. To analyze the immediate and long-term results of the use of conduction system pacing in patients with indications for permanent ventricular pacing. Materials and methods. This study included 18 patients with indications for permanentventricular pacing who were operated at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine in the period from 01/01/2013 to 12/31/2022, in whom permanent conduction system pacing was used. There were 17 patients with bradyarrhythmias, of these 16 (88%) suffered from high-degree AV block (including 1 patient with Frederick’s syndrome and 1 (5%) patient with atrial ϐibrillation with slow ventricular response) and 1 (5%) patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy with left bundle branch block and ϐirstdegree AV block with indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy. The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 16 years (8 men, 10 women), LVEF at the time of the intervention was 56.42 ± 9.13 %, end diastolic volume 130.2 ± 23.8 ml, end systolic volume 55.1 ± 17.7 ml, diameter of the left atrium 4.01 ± 0.6 cm. The average QRS width before implantation was 116.5 ± 27.7 ms. In 6 (33%) patients, a special delivery system (С304-L69, Medtronic in 1 patient [5%], C315HIS in 5 [27%] patients) and 4.1F active ϐixation lead Medtronic 3830 Select Secure (69 or 74 cm) were used; in other cases (66%) standard 6F leads with active ϐixation and a lumen for a stylet without a delivery system were used. Results. The average follow-up period after implantation of pacemaker was 36.35 ± 29.65 months. During the observation period, LVEF was 57.07 ± 5.38 %, end diastolic volume111.5 ± 18.09 ml, end systolic volume 49.5 ± 13.4 ml, diameter of the left ventricle 3.9 ± 0.5 cm. The mean duration of paced QRS was 119.1 ± 10.09 ms. In 6 patients (33%), it was possible to demonstrate a change in the QRS width when the amplitude of ventricular stimulation was reduced, with 2 variants of transitions: 1) 4 (22%) patients with a transition from non-selective His bundle pacing (NSHBP) to selective His bundle pacing (SHBP), in 2 (11%) of these patients with a transition from SHBP with correction of right bundle branch block (RBBB) to SHBP without correction of RB
慢性右心室心肌起搏导致左心室非同步激活模式,降低左心室射血分数(LVEF),并可能与长期临床结果的恶化有关。尽管随着最小化心室起搏算法的出现,降低窦房结功能障碍患者中起搏复合体的百分比成为可能,但对于高度房室传导阻滞的患者,永久性心室起搏仍然是不可避免的。使用永久性传导系统起搏是一种很有前途的方法,可以保持心室心肌的生理激活,防止由于心室非同步化引起的心力衰竭的发展。的目标。分析传导系统起搏在有永久性心室起搏指征的患者中使用的近期和长期效果。材料和方法。本研究纳入了2013年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间在乌克兰国家医学科学院国家阿莫索夫心血管外科研究所接受永久性心室起搏手术的18例有适应症的患者。慢速心律失常患者17例,其中16例(88%)为高度房室传导阻滞(包括1例弗雷德里克综合征和1例(5%)心房ϐibrillation伴心室反应缓慢),1例(5%)缺血性心肌病伴左束支传导阻滞和ϐirstdegree房室传导阻滞,需心脏再同步化治疗。患者平均年龄55±16岁(男8例,女10例),干预时LVEF 56.42±9.13%,舒张末期容积130.2±23.8 ml,收缩末期容积55.1±17.7 ml,左心房直径4.01±0.6 cm。植入前平均QRS宽度为116.5±27.7 ms。在6例(33%)患者中,使用特殊给药系统(С304-L69, 1例美敦力[5%],5例C315HIS[27%])和4.1F active ϐixation lead Medtronic 3830 Select Secure(69或74 cm);在其他情况下(66%),使用了具有活动ϐixation的标准6F引线和没有输送系统的样式管的管腔。结果。起搏器植入后平均随访36.35±29.65个月。观察期内LVEF为57.07±5.38%,舒张末期容积111.5±18.09 ml,收缩末期容积49.5±13.4 ml,左室直径3.9±0.5 cm。节律性QRS平均持续时间为119.1±10.09 ms。6例(33%),可以证明QRS宽度变化的振幅心室刺激减少时,2变种的转换:1)4(22%)患者从大众化的节奏(NSHBP)选择性包袱包踱步(SHBP), 2例(11%)患者的过渡与校正SHBP右束支块(RBBB) SHBP没有RBBB的校正,然后捕获的心室的心肌;2) 2例患者(11%)从NSHBP过渡到心肌室间隔起搏,并进一步下降到心室心肌失去俘获。1例(5%)完全性心脏传导阻滞患者行永久性非选择性左束支区起搏。其余11例(61%)患者符合旁行性起搏标准,未见心室起搏幅度变化的明显转变。整体纵向应变平均值为-17.6±2.7%。从刺激到V6导联r波峰值的平均间隔时间为73.2±8.7 ms,表明左心室的激活时间。根据主要适应症标准设定起搏参数,但相对于传导系统起搏阈值校正心室刺激幅度。AV延迟被校正为从刺激到SHBP QRS发作的潜伏期或NSHBP“伪三角洲”波的持续时间,这两种情况下都是H-V间隔的持续时间。术后急性期和远期均无并发症发生。结论。传导系统起搏在心脏病专家治疗危及生命的慢速心律失常和心力衰竭的实践中是一个挑战,但与此同时,它是一种安全的方法,可以提供心室心肌的生理电和机械激活,从而有效地避免由于永久性心肌心室起搏引起的非同步化后果。
{"title":"Results of Using Various Conduction System Pacing Options in Patients with Bradyarrhythmia","authors":"E. O. Perepeka, B. Kravchuk","doi":"10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/pk064-94103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/pk064-94103","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic right ventricular myocardial pacing causes an asynchronous pattern of left ventricular activation, reduces left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and may be associated with worsening of clinical outcomes in the long term. Although with the emergence of algorithms that minimize ventricular pacing it became possible to reduce the percentage of paced complexes in patients with sinus node dysfunction, permanent ventricular pacing is still inevitable in patients with high-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. The use of permanent conduction system pacing is a promising method for preserving the physiological activation of the ventricular myocardium and preventing the development of heart failure due to ventricular dyssynchrony. \u0000The aim. To analyze the immediate and long-term results of the use of conduction system pacing in patients with indications for permanent ventricular pacing. \u0000Materials and methods. This study included 18 patients with indications for permanentventricular pacing who were operated at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine in the period from 01/01/2013 to 12/31/2022, in whom permanent conduction system pacing was used. There were 17 patients with bradyarrhythmias, of these 16 (88%) suffered from high-degree AV block (including 1 patient with Frederick’s syndrome and 1 (5%) patient with atrial ϐibrillation with slow ventricular response) and 1 (5%) patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy with left bundle branch block and ϐirstdegree AV block with indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy. The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 16 years (8 men, 10 women), LVEF at the time of the intervention was 56.42 ± 9.13 %, end diastolic volume 130.2 ± 23.8 ml, end systolic volume 55.1 ± 17.7 ml, diameter of the left atrium 4.01 ± 0.6 cm. The average QRS width before implantation was 116.5 ± 27.7 ms. In 6 (33%) patients, a special delivery system (С304-L69, Medtronic in 1 patient [5%], C315HIS in 5 [27%] patients) and 4.1F active ϐixation lead Medtronic 3830 Select Secure (69 or 74 cm) were used; in other cases (66%) standard 6F leads with active ϐixation and a lumen for a stylet without a delivery system were used. \u0000Results. The average follow-up period after implantation of pacemaker was 36.35 ± 29.65 months. During the observation period, LVEF was 57.07 ± 5.38 %, end diastolic volume111.5 ± 18.09 ml, end systolic volume 49.5 ± 13.4 ml, diameter of the left ventricle 3.9 ± 0.5 cm. The mean duration of paced QRS was 119.1 ± 10.09 ms. In 6 patients (33%), it was possible to demonstrate a change in the QRS width when the amplitude of ventricular stimulation was reduced, with 2 variants of transitions: 1) 4 (22%) patients with a transition from non-selective His bundle pacing (NSHBP) to selective His bundle pacing (SHBP), in 2 (11%) of these patients with a transition from SHBP with correction of right bundle branch block (RBBB) to SHBP without correction of RB","PeriodicalId":33680,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayins''kii zhurnal sertsevosudinnoyi khirurgiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43351243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comparative Analysis of Early Postoperative Period in Patients with Total Arterial Revascularization and Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting 全动脉血运重建术与常规冠状动脉搭桥术术后早期比较分析
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/rp049-3338
N. Rudenko, O.Yu. Pukas
The use of total arterial myocardial revascularization in patients with multivessel lesions of the coronary arteries has a number of advantages, namely the duration of functioning or patency of the grafts. The level of total arterial myocardial revascularization implementation in developed and developing countries remains quite low. The aim. Based on the analysis of our own experience, to determine the influence of the technique of total arterial revascularization on the frequency of complications in the early postoperative period. Materials and methods. From February 22, 2016 to December 24, 2020, 390 consecutive patients were operated at the Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center. The patients were divided into two groups: participants of the group I underwent total arterial myocardial revascularization, and those includedin the group II underwent conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The inclusion criteria were: ischemic heart disease, stable angina or exertional angina, multivascular coronary artery disease, absence of valvular pathology. Results. There was zero 30-day mortality in both groups. The frequency of postoperative bleeding was higher in group II and amounted to 1.6%. Surgical wound complications (infection) were also more common in the group II: 1.2% versus 0.69% (p=0.906) in the group I. Similarly, laboratory parameters such as the level of creatine kinase-MB were almost identical. Conclusions. Total arterial myocardial revascularization is a safe method with good immediate results. The frequency of complications in total arterial myocardial revascularizationdoes not differ from that in conventional CABG. For a wider application of the total arterial myocardial revascularization,it is necessary to continue toconduct studies of the remote postoperative period.
在冠状动脉多血管病变患者中使用全动脉心肌血运重建有许多优点,即移植物的功能持续时间或通畅性。发达国家和发展中国家实施全动脉心肌血运重建的水平仍然很低。目标。根据我们自己的经验分析,确定全动脉血运重建技术对术后早期并发症发生率的影响。材料和方法。从2016年2月22日到2020年12月24日,乌克兰儿童心脏中心连续有390名患者接受了手术。患者被分为两组:第一组接受全动脉心肌血运重建,第二组接受常规冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)。纳入标准为:缺血性心脏病、稳定型心绞痛或劳力型心绞痛、多血管性冠状动脉疾病、无瓣膜病变。后果两组的30天死亡率均为零。第二组术后出血的频率更高,达1.6%。第二组的手术伤口并发症(感染)也更常见:第一组为1.2%,第二组为0.69%(p=0.906)。同样,肌酸激酶MB水平等实验室参数几乎相同。结论。全动脉心肌血运重建是一种安全的方法,具有良好的即时效果。全动脉心肌血运重建术的并发症发生率与传统冠状动脉旁路移植术没有差异。为了更广泛地应用全动脉心肌血运重建术,有必要继续对术后远期进行研究。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Early Postoperative Period in Patients with Total Arterial Revascularization and Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting","authors":"N. Rudenko, O.Yu. Pukas","doi":"10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/rp049-3338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/rp049-3338","url":null,"abstract":"The use of total arterial myocardial revascularization in patients with multivessel lesions of the coronary arteries has a number of advantages, namely the duration of functioning or patency of the grafts. The level of total arterial myocardial revascularization implementation in developed and developing countries remains quite low. \u0000The aim. Based on the analysis of our own experience, to determine the influence of the technique of total arterial revascularization on the frequency of complications in the early postoperative period. \u0000Materials and methods. From February 22, 2016 to December 24, 2020, 390 consecutive patients were operated at the Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center. The patients were divided into two groups: participants of the group I underwent total arterial myocardial revascularization, and those includedin the group II underwent conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The inclusion criteria were: ischemic heart disease, stable angina or exertional angina, multivascular coronary artery disease, absence of valvular pathology. \u0000Results. There was zero 30-day mortality in both groups. The frequency of postoperative bleeding was higher in group II and amounted to 1.6%. Surgical wound complications (infection) were also more common in the group II: 1.2% versus 0.69% (p=0.906) in the group I. Similarly, laboratory parameters such as the level of creatine kinase-MB were almost identical. \u0000Conclusions. Total arterial myocardial revascularization is a safe method with good immediate results. The frequency of complications in total arterial myocardial revascularizationdoes not differ from that in conventional CABG. For a wider application of the total arterial myocardial revascularization,it is necessary to continue toconduct studies of the remote postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":33680,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayins''kii zhurnal sertsevosudinnoyi khirurgiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42589875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Stratification in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Timeliness of Invasive Interventions 冠状动脉疾病患者的风险分层:侵入性干预的及时性
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/nr046-2632
O. Nishkumay, O. Rokyta, Illia A. Kordubailo, Aza A. Kovalenko, Artem O. Govorov, I. Gorda, Svitlana M. Dubynska, Marta Yu. Vibla, Nataliia O. Pidmurniak
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a top cause of morbidity and mortality nowadays. Current guidelines are used to deϐine timely diagnostic and management strategies for a patient with new angina symptom. According to the guidelines, the main purpose is assessment of the pretest probability of obstructive CAD. Exercise electrocardiography is the most accessible methodwith 85-90% speciϐicity and 45-50% sensitivity. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with concomitant monitoring of electrocardiogram, heart rate and blood pressure, expired gas analysis has become widespread among different exercise tests. CPET is an important clinical tool to estimate exercise capacity. In most cases it allowsto determine the causes of limited physical activity, evaluate both the blood supply (pulmonary, cardiovascular, haematopoietic systems) and tissue oxygen metabolism (skeletal muscle system) in response to physical exercise.The indications for invasive coronary angiography include: high clinical risk of CAD, symptoms which are refractory to medical therapy, low tolerance to exercise or if revascularization is considered for improvement of prognosis. The aim. To highlight the need for a combination of non-invasive stresstesting (CPET, stress echocardiography) and invasive testing (such as coronary angiography) to develop proper tactics of treating patients with established CAD. Conclusion. Described clinical case demonstrates preferences of combined different functional non-invasive tests (CPET, stress echocardiography) in a patient with confirmed CAD, who received prognosis modifying therapy and had high exercise tolerance due to regular cardio training. This gave the reason for postponing the repeated ICA to determine the dynamics of the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. However, when an anginal attack occurred and repeated urgent ICA was performed, it became necessary to perform coronary artery bypass grafting and, later, due to the continuation of anginal attacks and the presence of areas of ischemia, stenting of the trunk of the left coronary artery.
冠状动脉疾病(CAD)仍然是当今发病率和死亡率最高的原因。目前的指南用于制定新的心绞痛症状患者的及时诊断和管理策略。根据指南,主要目的是评估阻塞性CAD的预测试概率。运动心电图是最容易获得的方法,特异性为85-90%,灵敏度为45-50%。心肺运动测试(CPET)伴随着心电图、心率和血压的监测,过期气体分析在不同的运动测试中已经广泛应用。CPET是评估运动能力的重要临床工具。在大多数情况下,它可以确定身体活动受限的原因,评估血液供应(肺、心血管、造血系统)和组织氧代谢(骨骼肌系统)对体育锻炼的反应。有创冠状动脉造影的适应症包括:CAD的高临床风险、对药物治疗难治的症状、对运动的低耐受性或是否考虑进行血运重建以改善预后。目标。强调需要将无创压力测试(CPET,压力超声心动图)和有创测试(如冠状动脉造影)相结合,以制定治疗已确诊CAD患者的正确策略。结论所描述的临床病例表明,在一名确诊为CAD的患者中,不同功能的联合非侵入性测试(CPET,压力超声心动图)的偏好,该患者接受了预后调整治疗,并且由于定期的心肺训练而具有高运动耐量。这就提出了推迟重复ICA以确定冠状动脉粥样硬化进展动力学的原因。然而,当发生心绞痛发作并重复进行紧急ICA时,有必要进行冠状动脉旁路移植,后来,由于心绞痛发作的持续和缺血区域的存在,有必要对左冠状动脉主干进行支架植入。
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引用次数: 0
Fabry Disease, a Rare Disorder with Cardiac Manifestations. The Problem of Diagnosis and Treatment: a Literature Review 法布里病,一种罕见的心脏病。诊断和治疗问题:文献综述
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/rn047-7380
Kostiantyn V. Rudenko, L. Nevmerzhytska, O. M. Unitska, P. Danchenko, Nadiia S. Leiko
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by a mutation in the gene encoding α-galactosidase A and leads to reduced activity or complete absence of this enzyme, which causes the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and its deacylated form (lyso-Gb3) in cells of the whole body. FD can occur both with multisystem manifestations, including damage to the nervous system, kidneys, and skin, and can affect only the heart. Cardiac involvement is a major cause of poor quality of life and death in patients with FD and an underrecognized cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and ventricular arrhythmias in men over 30 years of age and women over 40 years of age. Cardiac damage begins at an early age, progresses subclinically until the appearance of significant symptoms, and usually manifests as leftventricular hypertrophy, mimicking hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. After the introduction of enzyme replacement therapy, early recognition of FD and differential diagnosis with other causes of leftventricular hypertrophy have become crucial to limit the progression of the disease. Recent advances in the understanding of cardiac pathophysiology and imaging have improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the cardiac manifestations of this pathology. Modern achievements in the study of cardiac manifestations of FD have made it possible to significantly improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, in particular, in relation to the identification of pathogenetic mechanisms of organ damage and early disruption of their function. A better understanding of secondary pathogenic pathways, such as myocardial inflammation, may influence future therapeutic strategies and timely diagnosis of FD. Delay in diagnosis and untimely initiation of treatment remain critical problems for many patients with FD, especially for patients with late-onset cardiovascular manifestations, in whom treatment effects may be more limited and ineffective. Cooperation between specialists in genetic diseases and cardiologists remains important to identify patients before the appearance of cardiac symptoms in order to obtain maximum therapeutic effects.
法布里病(FD)是一种X连锁溶酶体储存病,由编码α-半乳糖苷酶a的基因突变引起,并导致该酶活性降低或完全缺失,从而导致球状三糖基神经酰胺(Gb3)及其脱酰形式(lyso-Gb3)在全身细胞中积聚。FD既有多系统表现,包括对神经系统、肾脏和皮肤的损伤,也只会影响心脏。心脏受累是FD患者生活质量差和死亡的主要原因,也是30岁以上男性和40岁以上女性射血分数保持和室性心律失常的心力衰竭的一个未被充分认识的原因。心脏损伤从早期开始,亚临床进展,直到出现显著症状,通常表现为左心室肥大,类似于肥厚性心肌病。在引入酶替代疗法后,早期识别FD并与其他左心室肥大原因进行鉴别诊断对于限制疾病进展至关重要。对心脏病理生理学和影像学的理解的最新进展改进了对这种病理的心脏表现的诊断和治疗方法。FD心脏表现研究的现代成就使其有可能显著改进诊断和治疗方法,特别是在识别器官损伤的发病机制及其功能早期破坏方面。更好地了解次要致病途径,如心肌炎症,可能会影响未来FD的治疗策略和及时诊断。对于许多FD患者来说,诊断延迟和治疗开始不及时仍然是关键问题,尤其是对于具有晚发性心血管表现的患者,他们的治疗效果可能更加有限和无效。遗传病专家和心脏病专家之间的合作对于在心脏症状出现之前识别患者以获得最大的治疗效果仍然很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Endovascular Closure of Secondary Septal Defect in Children with Low Body Weight 低体重儿童继发性室间隔缺损的血管内闭合术
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/dv061-5358
I. Ditkivskyy, Denys L. Voloshyn, Y. V. Yermolovych, I. Perepeka, V. Lazoryshynets
The aim. To assess the effectiveness and safety of transcatheter closure of a secondary atrial septal defect (ASD) using an occluder in symptomatic children weighing ≤10 kg. Materials and methods. In the period from November 2014 to June 2021, on the basis of the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, closure of secondary ASD using an occluder was performed in 18 patients, among them 13 women (72.2%) and 5 men (27.8%). Th e mean age of the patients was 18.94±9.44 months (the youngest patient was 12 months, the oldest was 4 years). The mean weight was 9.294±1.170 kg (6.4 kg to 10 kg), the mean Z-score was -1.7±1.5 (-4.6 to 0.46), the mean height was 80 cm (71 cm to 88 cm). According to the measurements by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the average size of the defects was 13.7 mm±3.6mm (the largest 18.0 mm, the smallest 6.0 mm). Results and discussion. In our publication, the effectiveness of the method was 100% (18/18), while the world statistics show 94-95%. Th e frequency of complications was 5.6% (n=1). We suggest that this is associated with the use of a sizing balloon and careful selection of the device. When choosing treatment tactics for symptomatic children weighing ≤10 kg, the decisive factor was the determination of the presence of edges and the size of the defect. Defects were considered suitable for closure, according to TEE data, when all margins of the defect were ≥4 mm, except for the aortic margin. Although the total length of the interatrial membrane was taken into account, it was not of decisive importance, since for most occluders with the presence of all edges, the fields of the implant could not interfere with the work of the anatomical structures of the heart. To determine the real size of the defect, we recommend a measuring balloon under TEE control. The following devices were used to close the defect: MemoPart ASD occluder, Amplatzer Septal Occluder, LifeTech HeartR Occluder, LifeTech HeartR Multi-Fenestrated Atrial Septal Defect (MF-ASD) Occluder.   Conclusion. After the study, we are convinced that the endovascular method of closing a hemodynamically significant secondary ASD for the treatment of children with a body weight of ≤10 kg has proven to be an effective method, with successful implantation of the occluder in 100% of cases.
目标。评估在体重≤10kg的有症状儿童中使用封堵器经导管封堵继发性房间隔缺损(ASD)的有效性和安全性。材料和方法。在2014年11月至2021年6月期间,在乌克兰国家医学科学院国家阿莫索夫心血管外科研究所的基础上,对18名患者使用封堵器封堵继发性ASD,其中女性13例(72.2%),男性5例(27.8%),平均年龄18.94±9.44个月(最小12个月,最大4岁)。平均体重为9.294±1.170 kg(6.4 kg至10 kg),平均Z评分为-1.7±1.5(-4.6至0.46),平均身高为80 cm(71 cm至88 cm)。根据经食管超声心动图(TEE)的测量,缺陷的平均尺寸为13.7 mm±3.6 mm(最大18.0 mm,最小6.0 mm)。结果和讨论。在我们的出版物中,该方法的有效性为100%(18/18),而世界统计数据显示为94-95%。并发症发生率为5.6%(n=1)。我们建议这与使用尺寸气球和仔细选择设备有关。当为体重≤10 kg的有症状儿童选择治疗策略时,决定性因素是边缘的存在和缺陷的大小。根据TEE数据,当除主动脉边缘外,所有缺损边缘均≥4mm时,认为缺损适合闭合。尽管考虑了心房内膜的总长度,但它并不具有决定性的重要性,因为对于大多数具有所有边缘的封堵器来说,植入物的视野不会干扰心脏解剖结构的工作。为了确定缺陷的实际大小,我们建议在TEE控制下使用测量球囊。以下装置用于闭合缺损:MemoPart ASD封堵器、Amplatzer间隔封堵器,LifeTech HeartR封堵器和LifeTech Heart R多开窗心房间隔缺损(MF-ASD)封堵器。结论。经过研究,我们确信,血管内方法闭合血液动力学显著的继发性ASD治疗体重≤10 kg的儿童已被证明是一种有效的方法,100%的病例成功植入了封堵器。
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引用次数: 1
The Reaction of Myocardial Capillaries to Crystalloid Cardioplegia of Different Durations in Patients with Valvular Pathology and Coronary Heart Disease 瓣膜病和冠心病患者不同时间心肌毛细血管对结晶性停搏液的反应
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30702/ujcvs/22.30(04)/zk065-3946
V. P. Zakharova, Oleksii A. Krykunov, P. M. Semeniv, A. Balabai, Andrii A. Hulich
The aim. To study the morphological manifestations of the response of the myocardial capillaries to cardioplegia in patients with valvular defects and coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. Morphological research of operative and sectional material was carried out. Myocardium fragments for microscopical study were obtained from patients at different stages of an open-heart surgery and patients who died at the stage of conservative treatment without surgical intervention. Similar samples of the myocardium of a healthy young man who died from injuries incompatible with life were studied as a control. For electron microscopy study, samples of myocardium were taken from patients at the 185th minute of perfusion. Results. Histological preparations of the myocardium showed pronounced diffuse hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes (CMCs), sometimes at the stage of decompensation (perinuclear edema, loss of myofibrils, apoptosis). This transformation of CMCs was obviously related to their functional overload caused by combined defects of the mitral and aortic valves. Changes in muscle fibers were accompanied by interstitial and perinuclear fibrosis. In the pool of coronary arteries affected by atherosclerosis, signs of small focal coronary fibrosis were visible, as well as rough post-infarction scars in 3 patients. All the patients had signs of acute hypoxic damage to the myocardium in the form of CMCs shortening and interstitial edema. Conclusions. In patients with combined defects of the aortic and mitral valves of the heart with coronary artery disease, the phenomena of myocardial fibrosis prevail. Heart valve disease combined with coronary heart disease lead to the development of both alterative and compensatory-adaptiveprocesses in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed. The greatest loss of vital organelles in small vessels is observed at 185 min after administration of cardioplegic solution, irreversible changes develop 3 h after perfusion.
目标。研究瓣膜缺损和冠心病患者心肌毛细血管对停搏液反应的形态学表现。材料和方法。对手术材料和切片材料进行了形态学研究。用于显微镜研究的心肌碎片来自心脏直视手术不同阶段的患者和在未经手术干预的保守治疗阶段死亡的患者。一名健康青年死于与生命不相容的损伤,其心肌的类似样本被研究作为对照。对于电子显微镜研究,在灌注第185分钟从患者身上采集心肌样本。后果心肌的组织学制剂显示心肌细胞(CMC)明显弥漫性肥大,有时处于失代偿期(核周水肿、肌原纤维丢失、细胞凋亡)。CMC的这种转变显然与二尖瓣和主动脉瓣联合缺陷引起的功能超负荷有关。肌肉纤维的变化伴有间质纤维化和核周纤维化。在受动脉粥样硬化影响的冠状动脉池中,3名患者可见小范围局灶性冠状动脉纤维化的迹象,以及梗死后粗糙的疤痕。所有患者都有心肌急性缺氧损伤的迹象,表现为CMC缩短和间质水肿。结论。在患有冠状动脉疾病的心脏主动脉瓣和二尖瓣合并缺陷的患者中,心肌纤维化现象占主导地位。心脏瓣膜病合并冠心病会导致微循环床血管中交替和代偿适应过程的发展。心脏停搏液给药后185分钟,小血管中重要细胞器损失最大,灌注后3小时出现不可逆变化。
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引用次数: 0
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